文档内容
2023 年高考英语一轮复习讲练测(人教版 2019)
选修性必修一 Unit 5 Working the Land
Ⅰ. 单句语法填空
1. (2020·全国Ⅱ卷) He says it’s not easy ________(convince)people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt
about it.
2. (2020·江苏高考)He said that one of the boxes ________ (generate)around $13, 500 in revenue a month and cost
only about $400 to rent.
3. (2020·全国Ⅲ卷) But like anyone for ________ you feel affection, customers can also drive you mad.
4. (2020·全国Ⅰ卷) According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would
burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice ________ many as they would burn
walking.
5. (2019·天津高考) Most food webs, ________ instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones.
Ⅱ. 完成句子
1. _______________________________________(她突然想到) Joe was afraid of being alone.
2. _______________________________________ (已经定下来了)the meeting has been put off until next
Monday.
3. _______________________________________(既然我的祖父母都已经从城市的工作中退休了), how they
are going to spend their retirement is an important decision for them.
4. _______________________________________(鉴于我们对……没有完整的资料) animal detection
capabilities, we can only guess as to what the animals are actually sensing.
5. He earns _______________________________________(比我多一倍).
Ⅲ. 语法填空(黑体词为本单元重点词汇)
Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, is one of China’s 1. ___________ (much)famous
scientists. Yet, he considers himself a farmer because he continually works the land in his research. Indeed, his slim
but strong body is just like 2. ___________ of millions of Chinese farmers, to 3. ___________ he has devoted
his life. After 4. ___________ (graduate)from Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing in 1953, he worked
as a researcher. Yuan 5. ___________ (convince)that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.
Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical 6. ___________
(difficult) to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974. This hybrid enabled farmers toexpand their output greatly.
Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice 7. ___________ (consume)in China is 8.
___________(comprise) of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China’s
farmers 9. ___________ (produce)around 200 million tons of rice per year.
10. ___________ impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams.
He succeeded in producing a kind of rice that could feed more people at home and abroad. Despite his
advanced years, Yuan Longping is still young at heart and full of vision, and everyone is waiting to see what he
will dream up next.
IV.阅读理解
A
As spring arrives, farmers around the world are making decisions about what crops to plant and how to
manage them. In the U. S. , farmers typically have big data to help make these decisions. These data have a clear
upside. They make farms more productive. In the U. S. , the past five years have seen a series of good harvests for
both corn and soybean. A big part is generated by effectively using data to produce more food from the same
amount of land, seed and fertilizer.
In the poorer parts of the world, however, the picture is much different. Many farmers are guided only by
their history with the land and their community’s traditions. Their skills and knowledge are impressive, but they
suffer from a poverty of data. They rely on technical advisors for advice from governments and academic centers
who often have very little knowledge of the local area. For seeds and fertilizers and other materials used in the
field, they rely on companies that lack data on how their products will perform in the local conditions.
About 10 years ago, East African officials and their development partners started to explore why so few
smallholder dairy farmers made profits from growing demand from urban consumers. Surveys of farmers in the
region suggested poor access to veterinary care and breeding assistance. An effort to provide these services has
helped farmers get more milk.
Data would matter little if farming was easy and the paths to productivity were obvious. But in reality,
agriculture is a complex mix of many factors, including climate, biology, chemistry, physics, economics and
culture—all of which vary from region to region. In this situation, good data are necessary.
1. How have big data benefited American’s farmers?
A. By informing the farmers to plant crops earlier.
B. By helping make farms more productive.C. By increasing the amount of land for farming.
D. By producing more seeds and fertilizers.
2. What do farmers in poor countries need to improve their farming?
A. Farming skills. B. Technical guidance.
C. Big data. D. Farming materials.
3. Why does the writer mention the case of East Africa?
A. To show that East Africa relies heavily on dairy farming.
B. To illustrate cooperation between countries was a great success.
C. To serve as an example of how data help farmers in poor areas.
D. To prove that city people in East Africa didn’t like drinking milk.
4. What can we learn from the passage?
A. Many changeable factors have influences on farming.
B. East African dairy farmers were experienced in raising cows.
C. The American farmers can’t decide what they will plant.
D. The technical advisors in poor areas know the local areas well.
B
When planning a vacation, many people consider the popular tourist sites they want to visit. But that’s not
what my husband and I did when we planned our vacation to Japan. We thought about the kind of farm we wanted
to visit.
Ours was far from a typical(典型的) vacation. We were WWOOFing! WWOOF stands for World Wide
Opportunities on Organic Farms. The organization connects people interested in organic farming. Volunteers,
known as WWOOFers, help their hosts with daily activities. These include everything from baking bread to picking
vegetables. Hosts provide volunteers with food and provide a place for them to stay.
My husband and I certainly felt like family when our host met us at the train station. She told us to call her
Okasan—Mom. Likewise, we called her husband Otosan—Dad. Okasan and Otosan own an organic vegetable farm
that tries to provide the local people with fresh, healthy food. When no WWOOFers are around to help, the farm
work is done only by Otosan and Okasan. As part of the family, we were able to enjoy the fruits of our labor at
every meal. Eating fresh vegetables three times a day combined with six hours of farm work, certainly did our
bodies good. We planted vegetables and cleared rocks from fields. We also packed the vegetables so they could be
sold at the market.
Perhaps the most challenging thing we did was weeding a rice field. It was quite challenging because theleaves and roots of the weeds look very similar to the rice. It’s not until both plants are mature (成熟的) that you
can clearly tell them apart—only one produces rice.
WWOOFing is unlike anything I’ve ever done before, and I can’t wait to do it again! Let’s take part in
WWOOF!
5. What do we know about WWOOF?
A. It belongs to a Japanese farm.
B. It helps the poor do farm work.
C. It provides tourists with hotels.
D. It is an organization connected with farming.
6. What can we infer from Paragraph 3 about Okasan and Otosan’s farm?
A. It benefits both the locals and WWOOFers.
B. It attracts many visitors every day.
C. It provides free food for the locals.
D. It is supported by the government.
7. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?
A. The method of producing rice.
B. The hard time of the farm family.
C. The difficulties in weeding a rice field.
D. The most challenging thing for WWOOF.
8. The author would most likely describe her WWOOFing as______.
A. satisfying B. worrying
C. boringD. tiring
V. 完形填空
Farming and Gardening
Agriculture has a long history in China. Much of the wisdom 1 by early Chinese scientists is still useful
for farmers and gardeners today. One of China’s early 2 scientists was Jia Sixie, who lived in the sixth
century AD. He spent his time doing research into agriculture. He collected information, studied it, did experiments
and learnt from the 3 of farmers.
Around 540 AD, he wrote a book called Qimin Yaoshu. The book is about both farming and 4 . It
includes advice on the following subjects: growing green vegetables and fruit trees, keeping animals, and fish in
lakes. There are also 5 for making wine. Jia Sixie’s book is a(n) 6 guide for farming. Firstly, as afarmer you should do things at the right time of the year. If you sow seeds and 7 young plants in the fields at
the correct time of the year, your work will be less and the results will be better. But if you 8 nature and do
things at the wrong time of the year, you will have to do more work and the results will not be so good. The 9
of the soil is also very important. Examine the soil on your farm 10 . If the condition of your soil is not good,
you should improve it. Before sowing or planting crops, you must clean rough ground and remove weeds. Let
sheep or cows walk on the land to 11 the weeds or eat them. The best harvest is reached when farmers 12
the crops in their fields. For example, do not plant rice year after year in the same field. But if you plant rice in a
field one year and wheat in the field the next year, you will 13 good crops. Other scientists said that wheat
should be planted with 14 between the plants, but Jia did experiments and 15 that planting wheat close
together is better.
1. A. discovered B. recovered
C. reported D. repeated
2. A. industrial B. agricultural
C. cultural D. article
3. A. adventures B. advantages
C. tradition D. experience
4. A. nursing B. gardening
C. produce D. trade
5. A. instructions B. constructions
C. measures D. treasures
6. A. economical B. practical
C. similar D. regular
7. A. drop B. increase
C. grow D. throw
8. A. argue against B. go against
C. compete with D. deal with
9. A. application B. situation
C. condition D. addition
10. A. successfully B. carefully
C. gradually D. frequently
11. A. destroy B. prevent C. divide D. limit12. A. keep B. improve C. manage D. change
13. A. win B. collect C. harvest D. plant
14. A. holes B. lines C. space D. balance
15. A. showed B. meant
C. intended D. decided
VI. 读后续写
阅读下面材料, 根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段, 使之构成一篇完整的短文。
When tragedy struck his little girl during the Depression (大萧条), this father did the only thing he could.
The tragedy happened in the year 1933. I was only 6 years old when I was rushed to the hospital with two
crushed feet. My parents were told I might never walk again.
The accident happened when I was sitting in front of our house in Lowell, Massachusetts. I was playing in a
puddle(水坑) after a rainstorm and suddenly felt a huge weight on my feet. When I looked up, there was a car tire
on them. I cried out, but the motor was running and no one could hear me over the engine.
The driver ran across the street for a newspaper. When he got back to his car, he drove away—never knowing
he had parked on my feet.
Just about then, our neighbor’s son came home and saw me bending over my feet in pain. He immediately
carried me home, and I remember thinking how tall and strong he was.
An ambulance came, and I remained in the hospital for 3 weeks while my feet were “repaired”. When I
returned home, I could hardly walk.
I sat in our bay window and watched the children play on the street and longed to join them. . . but I couldn’t. I
felt so left out despite my parents’ company.
My parents were told that if I was ever to walk again, I’d need treatment, which in those days meant riding a
tricycle(三轮车) to strengthen the muscle and eventually get my feet back into condition for walking.
Our family couldn’t afford such an extravagance(奢侈品). Times were tough during the Depression, and there
were five mouths to feed, besides buying coal and wood for the stove.
Dad couldn’t afford the bus fare and on cold winter days he walked 7 miles every day in his only winter coat
to get to work. No, there was no money for a tricycle. I would be a cripple(瘸子) all my life.
注意: 续写词数应为150左右。
Then one day, while sitting at my usual place in the window, I saw my father walking up the street carrying
a tricycle on his shoulder.It was many years later before I learned where and how Dad had got the tricycle.
参考答案
Ⅰ. 1. He says it’s not easy to convince(convince)people that nutria fur is green, but he has no doubt about it.
2. He said that one of the boxes generated (generate)around $13, 500 in revenue a month and cost only about $400
to rent.
3. But like anyone for whom you feel affection, customers can also drive you mad.
4. According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800
calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking.
5. Most food webs, for instance, consist of many weak links rather than a few strong ones.
Ⅱ. 1. It suddenly occurred to her that(她突然想到) Joe was afraid of being alone.
2. It is decided that (已经定下来了)the meeting has been put off until next Monday.
3. Now that both of my grandparents have retired from their jobs in the city(既然我的祖父母都已经从城市
的工作中退休了), how they are going to spend their retirement is an important decision for them.
4. Given that we do not have complete information about(鉴于我们对……没有完整的资料) animal detection
capabilities, we can only guess as to what the animals are actually sensing.
5. He earns twice as much as I do(比我多一倍).
Ⅲ.
Yuan Longping, known as the “father of hybrid rice”, is one of China’s 1. most (much)famous scientists. Yet,
he considers himself a farmer because he continually works the land in his research. Indeed, his slim but strongbody is just like 2. that of millions of Chinese farmers, to 3. whom he has devoted his life. After 4.
graduating (graduate)from Southwest Agricultural College in Chongqing in 1953, he worked as a researcher.
Yuan 5. was convinced (convince)that the answer could be found in the creation of hybrid rice.
Through intense effort, Yuan overcame enormous technical 6. difficulties
(difficult) to develop the first hybrid rice that could be used for farming in 1974. This hybrid enabled farmers to
expand their output greatly.
Today, it is estimated that about 60 percent of domestic rice 7. consumption (consume)in China is 8.
comprised(comprise) of crops generated from Yuan’s hybrid strains, and his strains have allowed China’s
farmers 9. to produce (produce)around 200 million tons of rice per year.
10. What impresses people most about Yuan Longping is his ongoing ability to fulfil his dreams. He
succeeded in producing a kind of rice that could feed more people at home and abroad. Despite his
advanced years, Yuan Longping is still young at heart and full of vision, and everyone is waiting to see what he
will dream up next.
IV.
A
1. 【解析】选 B。细节理解题。根据第一段的 These data have a clear upside. They make farms more
productive. 可以得出答案。
2. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段内容, 尤其是该段的最后一句For seeds and fertilizers and other
materials used in the field, they rely on companies that lack data on how their products will perform in the local
conditions. 可以推出答案。
3. 【解析】选 C。推理判断题。根据第三段的 Surveys of farmers in the region suggested poor access to
veterinary care and breeding assistance. An effort to provide these services has helped farmers get more milk. 可以
推出东非的奶农缺少大数据的帮助导致产奶量不高。故选C。
4. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段的But in reality, agriculture is a complex mix of many factors,
including climate, biology, chemistry, physics, economics and culture—all of which vary from region to region.
In this situation, good data are necessary. 可以得出答案。
B
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。作者主要介绍了自己和丈夫在日本有机农场帮农场主干活来换取食宿的
经历。
5. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第二段中的“WWOOF stands for World Wide Opportunities on OrganicFarms. The organization connects people interested in organic farming. ”可知, 世界有机农场组织是一个有关农
业的组织。
6. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Okasan and Otosan own an organic vegetable farm that tries
to provide the local people with fresh, healthy food. ”及“Eating fresh vegetables three times a day. . . certainly did
our bodies good. ”可知, 这个家庭农场对当地人和世界有机农场组织的志愿者都有益。
7.【解析】选C。段落大意题。根据倒数第二段中的“the most challenging thing we did was weeding a rice
field”可知, 该段主要是描述在有机农场干活遇到的最大挑战——在水稻地里除草。
8. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“WWOOFing is unlike anything I’ve ever done before,
and I can’t wait to do it again! ”可知, 作者对她的这次有机农场经历很满意。
V. 【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。主要介绍了我国古代农业科学家贾思勰对我国古代农业的研究和贡献。
他的耕种方法对我国古代农业起了重要的指导作用。
1. 【解析】选A。从词语和搭配考虑, 此处只有discovered才能与wisdom搭配。wisdom后的 ______by
early Chinese scientists是过去分词短语作定语。
2. 【解析】选B。根据常识或上下文可知, 贾思勰是我国古代的农业科学家, 故选agricultural。
3. 【解析】选D。learn from the experience of farmers表示“学习农民的(耕作)经验”, 符合语境。
4. 【解析】选B。由本文的标题和第一段第二句推断可知, 选gardening。
5. 【解析】选A。此处表示造酒的“指导, 说明”, 选instructions。
6. 【解析】选B。practical guide意为“切实可行的指导”。
7. 【解析】选C。grow young plants意为“种植幼苗”, 其他选项没有“种植”之意。
8. 【解析】选B。go against nature意为“违背自然(规律)”, 符合句意。
9. 【解析】选C。the condition of the soil表示“土壤的状况/条件”。
10. 【解析】选B。前句指出土壤状况很重要, 本句说明要细心、仔细地检查土壤, 因此选carefully。
11. 【解析】选A。让牛羊在地里走是为了摧毁杂草或者吃掉杂草, 故选destroy。
12. 【解析】选D。从下句中“do not plant rice year after year in the same field”可知庄稼要换着种, 因此选
change。
13. 【解析】选C。本句意在表达“如果每年换种不同的庄稼就会有好收成”。harvest good crops意为“收
成好”。
14. 【解析】选C。从词语搭配考虑, 本句指的是“种植小麦时, 株与株之间要留有空间”, 而非留有线、
洞或平衡, 因此选space。
15. 【解析】选A。前面有Jia did experiments, 因此后面是实验结果“证明, 表明”, 因此选showed。
VI.【参考范文】
Then one day, while sitting at my usual place in the window, I saw my father walking up the street carrying a
tricycle on his shoulder. Was that true? I couldn’t believe my eyes. I opened the window and cried out. “Is that
tricycle for me? ” Having put down the tricycle, Dad told me that it belonged to me, “Ride the tricycle every day,
and then you will be all right, my girl! ”From then on, with my father’s company, I rode it every day to strengthen
my muscle. Regardless of pain, I kept on practicing riding. Eventually I got my feet back into condition, and could
walk normally!
It was many years later before I learned where and how Dad had got the tricycle. My mother told me what
happened on those cold winter days. In his only winter coat, he was wandering around the hospital. He begged the
doctor to save my feet. Moved by my father, the doctor asked the hospital to give my father a part-time job to do.
With the doctor’s help, my father got the job. Working day and night, eventually, he earned enough money to buy
the tricycle.
