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2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题

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2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题
2021年12月六级(第一套)_最新更新,视频都在这_2026,6月六级速转存易和谐_1、2025年6月六级_10.2026六级英语橙啦_{2}--资料_{1}-真题

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2021 年 12 月六级考试真题及解析 (第一套) Part Ⅰ Writing 30 minutes ( ) Directions For this part you are allowed minutes to write an essay related to the short passage given : ꎬ 30 below In your essay you are to comment on the phenomenon described in the passage and 􀆰 ꎬ suggest measures to address the issue You should write at least words but no more than 􀆰 150 words 200 􀆰 Young people spend a lot of time on the Internet However they are sometimes unable 􀆰 ꎬ to recognize false information on the Internet judge the reliability of online information ꎬ sources or tell real news stories from fake ones ꎬ 􀆰 Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension 30 minutes ( ) Section A Directions In this section you will hear two long conversations At the end of each : ꎬ 􀆰 conversation you will hear four questions Both the conversation and the ꎬ 􀆰 questions will be spoken only once After you hear a question you must choose 􀆰 ꎬ the best answer from the four choices marked A B C and D Then )ꎬ )ꎬ ) ) 􀆰 mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1 with a single line through the 扫 二 维 码 播放听力音频 centre 􀆰 Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard􀆰 A He was enjoying his holiday B He was recovering in hospital 1􀆰 ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 C He was busy writing his essays D He was fighting a throat infection ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 A He broke his wrist B He lost his antibiotics 2􀆰 ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 C He slipped on ice and fell D He was laughed at by some girls ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 A Turn to her father for help B Call the repair shop to fix it 3􀆰 ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 C Ask the manufacturer for repairs D Replace it with a brand ̄new one ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 A Help David retrieve his essays B Introduce David to her parents 4􀆰 ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 C Offer David some refreshments D Accompany David to his home ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 — 1 —Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard􀆰 A She is a critic of works on military affairs 5􀆰 ) 􀆰 B She is an acclaimed hostess of Book Talk ) 􀆰 C She is a researcher of literary genres ) 􀆰 D She is a historian of military history ) 􀆰 A It is about the military history of Europe 6􀆰 ) 􀆰 B It is set in the th and th centuries ) 18 19 􀆰 C It is her fifth book of military history ) 􀆰 D It is a war novel set in the future ) 􀆰 A She visited soldiers􀆳 wives and mothers 7􀆰 ) 􀆰 B She conducted surveys of many soldiers ) 􀆰 C She met a large number of soldiers in person ) 􀆰 D She looked into the personal lives of soldiers ) 􀆰 A She doesn􀆳t have much freedom for imagination 8􀆰 ) 􀆰 B It is not easy to make her readers believe in her ) 􀆰 C It is difficult to attract young readers ) 􀆰 D She has to combine fact with fiction ) 􀆰 Section B Directions In this section you will hear two passages At the end of each passage you will hear three or : ꎬ 􀆰 ꎬ four questions Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once After you hear a 􀆰 􀆰 question you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A B C and D ꎬ )ꎬ )ꎬ ) ) 􀆰 Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre 􀆰 Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard􀆰 A Santa Claus B A polar bear 9􀆰 ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 C Cocoa seeds D A glass bottle ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 A To attract customer attention 10􀆰 ) 􀆰 B To keep up with the times ) 􀆰 C To combat counterfeits ) 􀆰 D To promote its sales ) 􀆰 A It resembles a picture in the encyclopedia 11􀆰 ) 􀆰 B It appears in the shape of a cocoa seed ) 􀆰 C It has the drink􀆳s logo in the middle ) 􀆰 D It displays the image of Santa Claus ) 􀆰 — 2 —Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard􀆰 A It often occurs among commuters B It promotes mutual understanding 12􀆰 ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 C It improves their mood considerably D It takes a great deal of effort to sustain ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 A Social anxiety B Excessive caution 13􀆰 ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 C Lack of social skills D Preference for solitude ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 A People usually regard it as an unforgettable lesson 14􀆰 ) 􀆰 B Human brains tend to dwell on negative events ) 􀆰 C Negative events often hurt people deeply ) 􀆰 D People generally resent being rejected ) 􀆰 A Contagious B Temporary 15􀆰 ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 C Unpredictable D Measurable ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 Section C Directions In this section you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four : ꎬ questions The recordings will be played only once After you hear a question you must choose 􀆰 􀆰 ꎬ the best answer from the four choices marked A B C and D Then mark the )ꎬ )ꎬ ) ) 􀆰 corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre 􀆰 Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard􀆰 A It depends heavily on tourism B It is flourishing in foreign trade 16􀆰 ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 C It is mainly based on agriculture D It relies chiefly on mineral export ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 A Tobacco B Bananas 17􀆰 ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 C Coffee D Sugar ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 A They toil on farms B They live a poor life 18􀆰 ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 C They live in Spanish ̄style houses D They hire people to do housework ) 􀆰 ) 􀆰 Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard􀆰 A They will be more demanding of their next generation 19􀆰 ) 􀆰 B They will end up lonely dependent and dissatisfied ) ꎬ 􀆰 C They will experience more setbacks than successes ) 􀆰 D They will find it difficult to get along with others ) 􀆰 A Failure to pay due attention to their behavior 20􀆰 ) 􀆰 B Unwillingness to allow them to play with toys ) 􀆰 C Unwillingness to satisfy their wishes immediately ) 􀆰 D Failure to spend sufficient quality time with them ) 􀆰 — 3 —A It will enable them to learn from mistakes 21􀆰 ) 􀆰 B It will help them to handle disappointment ) 􀆰 C It will do much good to their mental health ) 􀆰 D It will build their ability to endure hardships ) 􀆰 Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard􀆰 A Failing to make sufficient preparations 22􀆰 ) 􀆰 B Looking away from the hiring manager ) 􀆰 C Saying the wrong thing at the wrong time ) 􀆰 D Making a wrong judgment of the interview ) 􀆰 A Complaining about their previous job 23􀆰 ) 􀆰 B Inquiring about their salary to be paid ) 􀆰 C Exaggerating their academic background ) 􀆰 D Understating their previous achievements ) 􀆰 A Those who have both skill and experience 24􀆰 ) 􀆰 B Those who get along well with colleagues ) 􀆰 C Those who take initiative in their work ) 􀆰 D Those who are loyal to their managers ) 􀆰 A Ability to shoulder new responsibilities 25􀆰 ) 􀆰 B Experience of performing multiple roles ) 􀆰 C Readiness to work to flexible schedules ) 􀆰 D Skills to communicate with colleagues ) 􀆰 Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension 40 minutes ( ) Section A Directions In this section there is a passage with ten blanks You are required to select one word for each : ꎬ 􀆰 blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage Read the passage 􀆰 through carefully before making your choices Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter 􀆰 􀆰 Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once 􀆰 􀆰 If you think life is wonderful and expect it to stay that way then you may have a good chance of ꎬ living to a ripe old age at least that is what the findings of a new study suggest That study found that ꎬ 􀆰 participants who reported the highest levels of optimism were far more likely to live to age or 85 26 􀆰 — 4 —This was compared to those participants who reported the lowest levels of optimism It is that the 􀆰 27 findings held even after the researchers considered factors that could the link including whether 28 ꎬ participants had health conditionssuch asheart diseaseorcancer orwhetherthey experienced depression ꎬ 􀆰 The results add to a growing body of evidence that certain psychological factors may predict a longer life For example previous studies have found that more optimistic people have a lower risk of 29 􀆰 ꎬ developing chronicdiseases and alowerrisk of death However thenewstudy appearsto bethe ꎬ 30 􀆰 ꎬ first to look at the relationship between optimism and longevity The researchers that the 31 􀆰 32 link found in the new study was not as strong when they factored in the effects of certain health behaviors including exercise levels sleep habits and diet This suggests that these behaviors may at ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 ꎬ least in part explain the link In other words optimism may good habits that bolster health It is ꎬ 􀆰 ꎬ 33 􀆰 also important to note that the study found only a as researchers did not prove for certain that 34 ꎬ optimism leads to a longer life However if the findings are true they suggest that optimism could serve 􀆰 ꎬ ꎬ as a psychological that promotes health and a longer life 35 􀆰 A affect F henceforth K reconciled ) ) ) B beyond G lofty L span ) ) ) C conceded H noteworthy M specifically ) ) ) D correlation I plausibly N spiral ) ) ) E foster J premature O trait ) ) ) Section B Directions In this section you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it Each : ꎬ 􀆰 statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs Identify the paragraph from 􀆰 which the information is derived You may choose a paragraph more than once Each paragraph 􀆰 􀆰 is marked with a letter Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer 􀆰 Sheet 2􀆰 No one in fashion is surprised that Burberry burnt £ 28 million of stock A Last week Burberry􀆳s annual report revealed that £ million worth of stock was burnt last year ) ꎬ 28􀆰6 􀆰 The news has left investors and consumers outraged but comes as little surprise to those in the fashion industry 􀆰 B The practice of destroying unsold stock and even rolls of unused fabric is commonplace for luxury ) ꎬ ꎬ labels Becoming too widely available at a cheaper price through discount stores discourages full ̄ 􀆰 price sales Sending products for recycling leaves them vulnerable to being stolen and sold on the 􀆰 black market Jasmine Bina CEO of brand strategy agency Concept Bureau explains Typically 􀆰 ꎬ ꎬ “ ꎬ luxury brands rally around exclusivity to protect their business interests namely intellectual property ꎬ — 5 —and preservation of brand equity 资产 She stated she had heard rumors of stock burning but ( ) 􀆰” not specific cases until this week 􀆰 C Another reason for the commonplace practice is a financial incentive for brands exporting goods to ) America United States Customs states that if imported merchandise is unused and destroyed under 􀆰 their supervision % of the duties taxes or fees paid on the merchandise may be recovered It is ꎬ 99 ꎬ 􀆰 incredibly difficult to calculate how much dead stock currently goes to waste While there are 􀆰 incentives to do it there􀆳s no legal obligation to report it ꎬ 􀆰 D A source who chose to remain anonymous shared her experience working in a Burberry store in ) ꎬ ꎬ New York in October My job was to toss items in boxes so they could be sent to be burned 2016􀆰 “ 􀆰 It was killing me inside because all that leather and fur went to waste and animals had died for nothing I couldn􀆳t stay there any longer their business practices threw me off the roof In May 􀆰 ꎬ 􀆰 ” this year Burberry announced it was taking fur out of its catwalk shows and reviewing its use ꎬ elsewhere in the business Even though we asked the management they refused to give us detailed 􀆰 “ ꎬ answers as to why they would do this with their collection continued the source who left her role ꎬ” ꎬ within two weeks She has since worked with another high ̄profile luxury label 􀆰 ꎬ 􀆰 E In an online forum post which asked if it􀆳s true that Louis Vuitton burned its bags Ahmed ) ꎬ ꎬ Bouchfaa who claimed to work for Louis Vuitton responded that the brand holds sales of old stock ꎬ ꎬ for staff members twice a year Items which have still not sold after several sales are destroyed 􀆰 􀆰 Louis Vuitton doesn􀆳t have public sales They either sell a product at a given price or discontinue “ 􀆰 it This is to make sure that everybody pays the same price for an item he says He goes on to 􀆰 ꎬ” 􀆰 disclose the strict guidelines around the employee sales You may buy gifts for someone but they : “ ꎬ track each item and if your gift ends up online they know who to ask One investor commenting ꎬ 􀆰” on the Burberry figures was reportedly outraged that the unsold goods were not even offered to investors before they were destroyed 􀆰 F Richemont who owns several luxury brands hit the headlines in May for taking back £ million ) ꎬ ꎬ 437 of watches for destruction in the last two years to avoid marked ̄down prices It􀆳s not just luxury 􀆰 brands either In October last year a Danish TV show exposed H&M for burning tonnes of unsold 􀆰 ꎬ 12 clothing since In a statement the high street retailer defended itself by saying that the burnt 2013􀆰 ꎬ clothing had failed safety tests The products to which the media are referring have been tested in : “ external laboratories The test results show that one of the products is mold infested and the other 􀆰 product contains levels of lead that are too high Those products have rightly been stopped in 􀆰 accordance with our safety routines In March a report revealed that H&M was struggling with 􀆰 ” ꎬ $ billion worth of unsold stock The brand told The New York Times that the plan was to 4􀆰3 􀆰 reduce prices to move the stock arguably encouraging consumers to buy and throw away with little ꎬ thought 􀆰 — 6 —G Over ̄production is perhaps the biggest concern for Burberry While there has been much outrage at ) 􀆰 the elitist connotation of burning goods rather than making them affordable executives at the British ꎬ fashion house are no doubt struggling to defend how they miscalculated production The waste has 􀆰 been put down to burning old cosmetic stock to make way for their new beauty range However 􀆰 ꎬ while the value of destroyed stock is up from £ million last year it􀆳s an even more significant 26􀆰9 ꎬ increase from 􀆳s figure of £ million highlighting that this is an ongoing issue 2016 18􀆰8 ꎬ 􀆰 H In September Burberry switched to a see now buy now catwalk show format The move ) 2016ꎬ “ ꎬ ” 􀆰 was a switch to leverage on the coverage of their fashion week show to make stock available immediately to consumers This is opposed to the traditional format of presenting to the industry 􀆰 ꎬ taking orders for production and becoming available in six months􀆳 time While Burberry announced 􀆰 record ̄breaking online reach and engagement there has been little evidence to suggest that the “ ” ꎬ strategy has had a significant effect on sales particularly as the hype 炒作 slows across the ꎬ ( ) season In February they made adjustments to the format dropping some catwalk items immediately 􀆰 ꎬ and promising that others would launch in the coming months 􀆰 I In astatement Burberry denied that switching to seenow buy now hashad an impact on waste A ) ꎬ “ ꎬ ” 􀆰 Burberry spokesperson further said On the occasions when disposal of products is necessary we do ꎬ “ ꎬ so in a responsible manner We are always seeking ways to reduce and revalue our waste This is a 􀆰 􀆰 core part of our strategy and we have forged partnerships and committed support to innovative organizations to help reach this goal 􀆰” J One such partnership is with Elvis &Kresse an accessories brand working with reclaimed materials ) ꎬ 􀆰 Co ̄founder Kresse Wesling said Late last year we launched an ambitious five ̄year partnership with ꎬ “ the Burberry Foundation The main aim of this is to scale our leather rescue project starting with off ̄ 􀆰 ꎬ cuts from the production of Burberry leather goods We are working tirelessly to expand our solutions 􀆰 and would love to welcome anyone to our workshop to come and see what we are doing At the 􀆰 ” moment the partnership only addresses waste at the production stage and not unsold goods ꎬ 􀆰 K While these are honorable schemes it makes it harder for Burberry to defend these latest figures ) ꎬ 􀆰 Fifteen years ago Burberry was at crisis point as their signature check pattern was widely imitated by ꎬ cheap imitation brands It deterred luxury consumers who found their expensive clothing more ꎬ 􀆰 closely associated with working ̄class youth culture than a prestigious heritage fashion house In the 􀆰 year at the height of over ̄exposure of the Burberry check the brand􀆳s turnover was £ 2004ꎬ ꎬ 715􀆰5 million Under Christopher Bailey as creative director they turned the brand around and this past year 􀆰 revenue hit £ billion 2􀆰73 􀆰 L Bina believes that brands need to readdress their exclusivity tactic Exclusivity is starting to be ) 􀆰 “ challenged she says I think that goes hand in hand with how luxury itself is being ꎬ” ꎬ “ challenged Access to fashion and the brands who police it are becoming less and less relevant 􀆰 ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 — 7 —Things like health enlightenment and social and environmental responsibility are the new luxuries ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 These all come from within not without That􀆳s the challenge that traditional luxury brands will have ꎬ 􀆰 to contend with in the mid ̄ to long ̄term future 􀆰” Burberry􀆳s executives are trying hard to attribute their practice of destroying old products to 36􀆰 miscalculated production 􀆰 Selling products at a discount will do greater harm to luxury brands than destroying them 37􀆰 􀆰 Imitated Burberry products discouraged luxury consumers from buying its genuine products 38􀆰 􀆰 Staff members of a luxury brand may buy its old stock at cheaper prices but they are not allowed to 39􀆰 ꎬ resell them 􀆰 In future traditional luxury brands will have to adapt their business strategies to the changing concepts 40􀆰 of luxury 􀆰 One luxury brand employee quit her job because she simply couldn􀆳t bear to see the destruction of 41􀆰 unsold products 􀆰 Destroying old stock is a practice not just of luxury brands but of less prestigious fashion brands 42􀆰 􀆰 Burberry is working with a partner to make full use of leather materials to reduce waste 43􀆰 􀆰 Burberry􀆳s plan to destroy its unsold products worth millions of dollars aroused public indignation 44􀆰 􀆰 Burberry􀆳s change of marketing strategy to make a product available as soon as consumers see it on 45􀆰 the fashion show did not turn out to be as effective as expected 􀆰 Section C Directions There are passages in this section Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished : 2 􀆰 statements For each of them there are four choices marked A B C and D You should 􀆰 )ꎬ )ꎬ ) ) 􀆰 decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet2 with a single line through the centre 􀆰 Passage One Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage􀆰 Social media is absolutely everywhere Billions of people use social media on a daily basis to create 􀆰 ꎬ share and exchange ideas messages and information Both individuals and businesses post regularly to ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 engage and interact with people from around the world It is a powerful communication medium that 􀆰 simultaneously provides immediate frequent permanent and wide ̄reaching information across the globe ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 People post their lives on social media for the world to see Facebook Twitter LinkedIn and 􀆰 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ countless other social channels provide a quick and simple way to glimpse into a job candidate􀆳s personal life both the positive and negative sides of it Social media screening is tempting to use as part of the — 􀆰 hiring process but should employers make use of it when researching a potential candidate􀆳s background ꎬ ? Incorporating the use of social media to screen job candidates is not an uncommon practice A 􀆰 2018 — 8 —survey found that almost % of employers use social media to screen candidates before hiring them But 70 􀆰 there are consequences and potential legal risks involved too When done inappropriately social media 􀆰 ꎬ screening can be considered unethical or even illegal 􀆰 Social media screening is essentially scrutinizing a job candidate􀆳s private life It can reveal 􀆰 information about protected characteristics like age race nationality disability gender religion etc ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰ꎬ and that could bias a hiring decision Pictures or comments on a private page that are taken out of context 􀆰 could ruin a perfectly good candidate􀆳s chances of getting hired This process could potentially give an 􀆰 unfair advantage to one candidate over another It creates an unequal playing field and potentially 􀆰 provides hiring managers with information that can impact their hiring decision in a negative way 􀆰 It􀆳s hard to ignore social media as a screening tool While there are things that you shouldn􀆳t see 􀆰 ꎬ there are some things that can be lawfully considered making it a valuable source of relevant information — too Using social media screening appropriately can help ensure that you don􀆳t hire a toxic employee who 􀆰 will cost you money or stain your company􀆳s reputation Consider the lawful side of this process and you 􀆰 may be able to hire the best employee ever There is a delicate balance 􀆰 􀆰 Screening job candidates on social media must be done professionally and responsibly Companies 􀆰 should stipulate that they will never ask for passwords be consistent document decisions consider the ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ source used and be aware that other laws may apply In light of this it is probably best to look later in the 􀆰 process and ask human resources for help in navigating it Social media is here to stay But before using 􀆰 􀆰 social mediato screen job candidates consulting with management and legal teamsbeforehand isessential ꎬ in order to comply with all laws 􀆰 What does the author mainly discuss in the passage 46􀆰 ? A The advantage of using social media in screening job candidates ) 􀆰 B The potentially invasive nature of social media in everyday life ) 􀆰 C Whether the benefits of social media outweigh the drawbacks ) 􀆰 D Whether social media should be used to screen job candidates ) 􀆰 What might happen when social media is used to screen job candidates 47􀆰 ? A Moral or legal issues might arise ) 􀆰 B Company reputation might suffer ) 􀆰 C Sensational information might surface ) 􀆰 D Hiring decisions might be complicated ) 􀆰 When could online personal information be detrimental to candidates 48􀆰 ? A When it is separated from context ) 􀆰 B When it is scrutinized by an employer ) 􀆰 C When it is magnified to a ruinous degree ) 􀆰 D When it is revealed to the human resources ) 􀆰 — 9 —How can employersusesocial mediainformation to theiradvantagewhileavoiding unnecessary risks 49􀆰 ? A By tipping the delicate balance ) 􀆰 B By using it in a legitimate way ) 􀆰 C By keeping personal information on record ) 􀆰 D By separating relevant from irrelevant data ) 􀆰 What does the author suggest doing before screening job candidates on social media 50􀆰 ? A Hiring professionals to navigate the whole process ) 􀆰 B Anticipating potential risks involved in the process ) 􀆰 C Seeking advice from management and legal experts ) 􀆰 D Stipulating a set of rules for asking specific questions ) 􀆰 Passage Two Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage􀆰 In recent years the food industry has increased its use of labels Whether the labels say non ̄ ꎬ 􀆰 ‘ GMO 非转基因的 or no sugar or zero carbohydrates consumers are increasingly ( ) ’ ‘ ꎬ’ ‘ ’ꎬ demanding more information about what􀆳s in their food One report found that percent of consumers 􀆰 39 would switch from the brands they currently buy to others that provide clearer more accurate product ꎬ information Food manufacturers are responding to the report with new labels to meet that demand and 􀆰 ꎬ they􀆳re doing so with an eye towards giving their products an advantage over the competition and ꎬ bolstering profits 􀆰 This strategy makes intuitive sense If consumers say they want transparency tell them exactly what 􀆰 ꎬ is in your product That is simply supplying a certain demand But the marketing strategy in response to 􀆰 􀆰 this consumer demand has gone beyond articulating what is in a product to labeling what is NOT in the ꎬ food These labels are known as absence claims labels and they represent an emerging labeling trend 􀆰 “ ” ꎬ that is detrimental both to the consumers who purchase the products and the industry that supplies them 􀆰 For example Hunt􀆳s put a non ̄GMO label on its canned crushed tomatoes a few years ago ꎬ “ ” — despite the fact that at the time there was no such thing as a GMO tomato on the market Some dairy 􀆰 companies are using the non ̄GMO label on their milk despite the fact that all milk is naturally GMO ̄ “ ” ꎬ free another label that creates unnecessary fear around food ꎬ 􀆰 While creating labels that play on consumer fears and misconceptions about their food may give a company a temporary marketing advantage over competing products on the grocery aisle in the long term ꎬ this strategy will have just the opposite effect by injecting fear into the discourse about our food we run : ꎬ the risk of eroding consumer trust in not just a single product but the entire food business ꎬ 􀆰 Eventually it becomes a question in consumers􀆳 minds Were these foods ever safe By purchasing ꎬ : ? and consuming these types of products have I already done some kind of harm to my family or the ꎬ — 10 —planet For food manufacturers it will mean damaged consumer trust and lower sales for everyone And ? ꎬ 􀆰 this isn􀆳t just supposition A recent study found that absence claims labels can create a stigma around 􀆰 foods even when there is no scientific evidence that they cause harm 􀆰 It􀆳s clear that food manufacturers must tread carefully when it comes to using absence claims In 􀆰 addition to the likely negative long ̄term impact on sales this verbal trick sends a message that ꎬ innovations in farming and food processing are unwelcome eventually leading to less efficiency fewer ꎬ ꎬ choices for consumers and ultimately more costly food products If we allow this kind of labeling to ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 continue we will all lose ꎬ 􀆰 What trend has been observed in a report 51􀆰 ? A Food manufacturers􀆳 rising awareness of product safety ) 􀆰 B Food manufacturers􀆳 changing strategies to bolster profits ) 􀆰 C Consumers􀆳 growing demand for eye ̄catching food labels ) 􀆰 D Consumers􀆳 increasing desire for clear product information ) 􀆰 What does the author say is manufacturers􀆳 new marketing strategy 52􀆰 ? A Stressing the absence of certain elements in their products ) 􀆰 B Articulating the unique nutritional value of their products ) 􀆰 C Supplying detailed information of their products ) 􀆰 D Designing transparent labels for their products ) 􀆰 What point does the author make about non ̄GMO labels 53􀆰 ? A They are increasingly attracting customers􀆳 attention ) 􀆰 B They create lots of trouble for GMO food producers ) 􀆰 C They should be used more for vegetables and milk ) 􀆰 D They cause anxiety about food among consumers ) 􀆰 What does the author say absence claims labels will do to food manufacturers 54􀆰 ? A Cause changes in their marketing strategies ) 􀆰 B Help remove stigma around their products ) 􀆰 C Erode consumer trust and reduce sales ) 􀆰 D Decrease support from food scientists ) 􀆰 What does the author suggest food manufacturers do 55􀆰 ? A Take measures to lower the cost of food products ) 􀆰 B Exercise caution about the use of absence claims ) 􀆰 C Welcome new innovations in food processing ) 􀆰 D Promote efficiency and increase food variety ) 􀆰 — 11 —Part Ⅳ Translation 30 minutes ( ) Directions For this part you are allowed minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English You : ꎬ 30 􀆰 should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2􀆰 􀆰 中国共产党第一次全国代表大会会址位于上海兴业路 号 是一栋典型的上海式住宅 建于 76 ꎬ ꎬ 年秋 年 月 日 中国共产党第一次全国代表大会在此召开 大会通过了中国共产 1920 ꎮ 1921 7 23 ꎬ ꎬ 党的第一个纲领和第一个决议 选举产生了中央领导机构 宣告了中国共产党的诞生 年 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ 1952 9 月 中共一大会址修复 建立纪念馆并对外开放 纪念馆除了介绍参加一大的代表之外 还介绍 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ 党的历史发展进程 现已成为了解党史 缅怀革命先烈的爱国主义教育基地 ꎬ 、 ꎮ — 12 —2021 年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题 (第一套) 【答案速查表】 Part Ⅰ Writing 见真题解析 ( ) Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension Section A A C B C D D D A 1􀆰 2􀆰 3􀆰 4􀆰 5􀆰 6􀆰 7􀆰 8􀆰 Section B D C B C A B A 9􀆰 10􀆰 11􀆰 12􀆰 13􀆰 14􀆰 15􀆰 Section C C D B B D B C A C A 16􀆰 17􀆰 18􀆰 19􀆰 20􀆰 21􀆰 22􀆰 23􀆰 24􀆰 25􀆰 Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension Section A B H A L J M C E D O 26􀆰 27􀆰 28􀆰 29􀆰 30􀆰 31􀆰 32􀆰 33􀆰 34􀆰 35􀆰 Section B G B K E L D F J A H 36􀆰 37􀆰 38􀆰 39􀆰 40􀆰 41􀆰 42􀆰 43􀆰 44􀆰 45􀆰 Section C D A A B C D A D C B 46􀆰 47􀆰 48􀆰 49􀆰 50􀆰 51􀆰 52􀆰 53􀆰 54􀆰 55􀆰 — 13 —Part Ⅳ Translation 见真题解析 ( ) 2021 年 12 月大学英语六级考试真题解析 (第一套) 【答案详解】 Part Ⅰ Writing 参考范文 范文译文 As social media thrives young people are spending 随着社交媒体的蓬勃发展 年 【1】 ꎬ 【1】 ꎬ an increasing amount of time on the Internet However 轻人花在互联网上的时间越来越多 􀆰 【2】 ꎬ ꎮ 【2】 when they browse search for and pick up the information in 然而 当人们在虚拟世界中浏览 搜索 ꎬ ꎬ 、 、 the virtual world it is usually hard to judge its credibility 获取信息时 往往很难判断其可信度 ꎬ 􀆰 ꎬ ꎮ If such a situation continues to worsen the full 如果这种情况继续恶化下 【3】 ꎬ 【3】 development of our younger generation will definitely be 去 我们年轻一代的全面发展肯定会 ꎬ threatened Therefore measures should be taken 受到威胁 因此 应从学校教育 􀆰 【4】 ꎬ ꎮ 【4】 ꎬ concerning school education and governmental regulation 和政府监管两个方面采取措施 􀆰 ꎮ 【5】 First of all schools should put more emphasis on 首先 学校应该更加重视培养学生的 【5】 ꎬ ꎬ training the critical thinking ability of their students 批判性思维能力 应该开设独立 􀆰 【6】 ꎮ 【6】 Courses on independent thinking should be offered which 思考的课程 指导年轻学生分辨真伪 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ instruct theyoung studentsto distinguish truth fromlie 其次 当局应该在规范网络环境 􀆰 【7】 【7】 ꎬ Secondly the authorities should play a more active role in 和避免假新闻的传播方面发挥更积极 ꎬ regulating the cyber environment and avoiding the spread of 的作用 最后但并非最不重要的 ꎮ 【8】 fake news Last but not least cooperation between the 是 地方政府和学校之间的合作是必 􀆰 【8】 ꎬ ꎬ local governmentandschoolsisneeded sothattheyoungsters 要的 这样 那些被网上不真实信息 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ who have been misled by the untrue message online and 所误导 表现出不良行为的青少年可 ꎬ shown bad behaviors can be punished and corrected 以得到惩罚和纠正 􀆰 ꎮ To conclude the problem of the mixed online 综上所述 解决网络信息混杂 【9】 ꎬ 【9】 ꎬ information should be tackled both by enhancing one􀆳s 的问题 既要提高自己的思维能力 也 ꎬ ꎬ thinking skills and improving the external environment 要改善外部环境 这是一项长期而有意 ꎬ ꎬ and these are long ̄term but meaningful practices 义的实践 􀆰 ꎮ — 14 —范文评析 铺垫背景 引出话题 指出年轻人在网上的时间正在增加 【1】 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ 用however引出问题 点明主题 指出在虚拟世界中获取的信息可信度难以分辨 【2】 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ 用if条件句论证该问题可能会危害年轻人的全面发展 【3】 ꎮ 用Therefore引出下文 并用concerning引导两个关键词 教育和政府规范 总起后文 【4】 ꎬ ( )ꎬ 的三个解决措施 ꎮ 介绍第一个措施 即学校应注重培养学生的批判性思维能力 提供独立思考相关的 【5】 【6】 ꎬ ꎬ 课程 教会学生辨别真伪 ꎬ ꎮ 介绍第二个措施 即政府应该发挥更多的作用 规范网络环境 避免假新闻传播 【7】 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ 介绍第三个措施 即政府和学校应该合作 对被假信息误导 出现不良行为的年轻人进 【8】 ꎬ ꎬ 、 行再教育 ꎮ 总结全文 呼应前段 再次说明解决问题要从内外两方面入手 【9】 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ 话题词汇 thrive 蓬勃发展 browse 浏览 pick up 挑选 学会 ꎻ virtual 虚拟的 credibility 可信度 take measures 采取措施 put emphasis on 重视 distinguish truth from lie 辨别真伪 authority 当局 官方 cyber 网络的 tackle the problem 解决问题 ꎬ external 外部的 Part Ⅱ Listening Comprehension Section A Questions1 to4 are based on the conversation you have just heard􀆰 【原文】 W Hi David I haven􀆳t seen you in class for almost two weeks We thought you had : ꎬ 􀆰 􀆰 (1) disappeared on holiday earlier or something 􀆰 M Hi Sarah Well it􀆳s a bit of a long story I􀆳m afraid I got a throat infection last week and had : ꎬ 􀆰 ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 to go to the hospital to get some antibiotics as I really wasn􀆳t getting any better 􀆰 W Oh yeah there have been so many viruses going around this winter The weather has been so : ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 awful for the last few weeks 􀆰 M And on the way back from the hospital I slipped on some ice and fell and then had to go : (2) ꎬ to the hospital to get an X ̄Ray because I basically thought I broke my wrist Although thankfully it􀆳s 􀆰 ꎬ ꎬ — 15 —not broken but I need to be careful with it for the next few weeks ꎬ 􀆰 W Oh that􀆳s too bad How unfortunate : ꎬ 􀆰 ! M To make things worse I managed to fall right in front of four girls from the th grade So I : ꎬ 9 􀆰 ꎬ was utterly humiliated Plus the laptop in my bag was broken too 􀆰 ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 W Now what a complete catastrophe Is the laptop still under warranty If it is then you can : ꎬ ! ? ꎬ easily send it back to the manufacturer and they􀆳ll send you a brand new one for free Surely 􀆰 􀆰 M The warranty ran out three days before I broke it and all my essays are in there and I need : (4) ꎬ to hand them in before we break for the Christmas holidays 􀆰 W Listen I have the number of a really good affordable computer repair shop at home My : (3) ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 dad has used this guy before and he can work miracles Let􀆳s go back to my house and we can call 􀆰 (3) the repair shop and you can have some tea and cookies too ꎬ (4) ꎬ 􀆰 M Wow thanks Sarah That would be great Let me just call my mom and let her know I􀆳ll be : ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 􀆰 home a little bit later 􀆰 答案详解 What does Sarah think David was doing for the last two weeks 莎拉以为大卫过去两周在做 1􀆰 ? ( 什么 ?) A) He was enjoying his holiday (他在度假ꎮ) 􀆰 B He was recovering in hospital 他在医院疗伤 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C He was busy writing his essays 他忙着写论文 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D He was fighting a throat infection 他在对抗咽喉感染 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 对话开头 女士说快两周没见到大卫了 以为大卫早些时候去度假了 因此选择 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ A项 ꎮ What happened to David on his way back from the hospital 大卫在从医院回来的路上发生了什 2􀆰 ? ( 么事 ?) A He broke his wrist 他摔断了他的手腕 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B He lost his antibiotics 他弄丢了他的抗生素 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C) He slipped on ice and fell (他在冰上滑倒了ꎮ) 􀆰 D He was laughed at by some girls 他被一些女孩嘲笑 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 对话中 男士提到 在从医院回来的路上 他踩到冰滑倒了 因此选择C项 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ ꎮ What doesSarah say they should do with thedamaged computer 莎拉说他们应该怎么处理损坏的 3􀆰 ? ( 电脑 ?) A Turn to her father for help 向她父亲寻求帮助 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B) Call the repair shop to fix it (致电维修店找人修理ꎮ) 􀆰 C Ask the manufacturer for repairs 请制造商修理 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D Replace it with a brand ̄new one 换一台全新的电脑 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) — 16 —【解析】 对话末尾 女士提到 她有一家很棒的电脑维修店的联系电话 她父亲以前用过这家 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 店的服务 结果很好 因此她提议去她家里打电话给维修店 由此可知女士提议打电 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 话给维修店 找人修男士的电脑 因此选择B项 ꎬ ꎮ ꎮ What does Sarah say she is going to do 莎拉说她要做什么 4􀆰 ? ( ?) A Help David retrieve his essays 帮助大卫找回他的论文 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B Introduce David to her parents 将大卫介绍给她的父母 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C) Offer David some refreshments (给大卫一些茶点ꎮ) 􀆰 D Accompany David to his home 陪大卫去他家 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 对话末尾 女士提议让男士去自己家 并说男士可以在家喝茶吃饼干 由此可知女士 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 会给男士茶点 因此选择C项 ꎮ ꎮ Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard􀆰 【原文】 M Welcome to this week􀆳s episode of Book Talk With me today is Heidi Brown a historian : 􀆰 (5) ꎬ who has written five critically acclaimed books about military history 􀆰 W Thanks for having me John I􀆳m so excited to talk about my latest book which was published : ꎬ 􀆰 ꎬ last month 􀆰 M So thisbook isanovel yourfirst attempt at that genre Ithought it wasabit ofadeparturefor : ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 you 􀆰 W I􀆳d say it􀆳s a major departure as it􀆳s not just a work of fiction It􀆳s set years in the : 􀆰 (6) 200 future 􀆰 M Right So how did that happen You spent three decades writing about the past and focusing on : 􀆰 ? the th and th centuries And now you􀆳re speculating about the future 18 19 􀆰 􀆰 W Well after years of researching soldiers and chronicling their lives during battle I just : (6) ꎬ ꎬ started wondering about other facets of their lives especially their personal lives ꎬ 􀆰 M I can see that Your novel is about soldiers but it focuses on their relationships especially : 􀆰 (7) ꎬ ꎬ the bonds between sons and mothers and men and their wives ꎬ 􀆰 W Yes That focuscameabout when Istill intended to writeanotherbook ofhistory Istarted : 􀆰 (7) 􀆰 by researching soldiers􀆳 actual personal lives studying their letters home ꎬ 􀆰 M So how did that history book become a novel : ? W Well I realized that the historical record was incomplete so I􀆳d either have to leave a lot of : ꎬ ꎬ gaps or make a lot more assumptions than a historian should 􀆰 M But why write a novel set in the future when your credentials are perfect for a historical novel : ? As a historian any historical novel you write would have a lot of credibility ꎬ 􀆰 W I felt too constrained working with the past like what I wrote needed to be fact as opposed : (8) — 17 —to fiction but writing about the future gave me more freedom to imagine to invent ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 M Well having read your book I􀆳m glad you made that choice to move into fiction : ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 答案详解 What does the man say about the woman 男士关于女士是怎么说的 5􀆰 ? ( ?) A She is a critic of works on military affairs 她是军事著作评论家 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B She is an acclaimed hostess of Book Talk 她是 书籍说 节目的人气女主持 ) 􀆰 ( “ ” ꎮ) C She is a researcher of literary genres 她是文学体裁研究者 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D) She is a historian of military history (她是军事史历史学家ꎮ) 􀆰 【解析】 对话开头 男士介绍女士为历史学家 并说女士已经写了 本广受好评的军事历史书 ꎬ ꎬ 5 ꎮ 因此选择D项 ꎮ What does the woman say about her newly published book 女士关于自己新出版的书是怎么 6􀆰 ? ( 说的 ?) A It is about the military history of Europe 该书是关于欧洲军事历史的 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B It is set in the th and th centuries 该书的背景是 和 世纪 ) 18 19 􀆰 ( 18 19 ꎮ) C It is her fifth book of military history 该书是她的第 部军事历史书 ) 􀆰 ( 5 ꎮ) D) It is a war novel set in the future (该书是一部未来背景的战争小说ꎮ) 􀆰 【解析】 对话中 女士说这本新书的背景设定为 年后的未来 后面又提到士兵的生活 可 ꎬ 200 ꎬ ꎬ 知该书内容是军事方面 因此选择D项 ꎮ ꎮ What did the woman do before writing her new book 女士在写她的新书之前做了什么 7􀆰 ? ( ?) A She visited soldiers􀆳 wives and mothers 她拜访了士兵的妻子和母亲 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B She conducted surveys of many soldiers 她对许多士兵进行了调查 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C She met a large number of soldiers in person 她亲自见了大量士兵 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D) She looked into the personal lives of soldiers (她调查了士兵的私人生活ꎮ) 􀆰 【解析】 对话中 男士提到女士的小说关注士兵的私人关系 女士说当她还在打算写另一本历 ꎬ ꎬ 史书的时候 就有了这个关注点 她从调查士兵真实的私人生活 研究他们的家书开 ꎬ ꎬ 、 始 因此选择D项 ꎮ ꎮ What does the woman say about her writing history books 女士关于写自己历史书是怎么说的 8􀆰 ? ( ?) A) She doesn􀆳t have much freedom for imagination (她没有太多的想象自由ꎮ) 􀆰 B It is not easy to make her readers believe in her 要让读者信任她并不容易 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C It is difficult to attract young readers 吸引年轻读者很难 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D She has to combine fact with fiction 她必须将事实与虚构结合 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 对话末尾 女士提到 过去的写作让她感到受限 她写的内容需要遵照事实 不能虚 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 构 但写未来能给她更多想象和创造的自由 由此可知 写历史书时女士没有想象空 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 间 因此选择A项 ꎮ ꎮ — 18 —Section B Questions9 to11 are based on the passage you have just heard􀆰 【原文】 Whether it􀆳s in the hands of animated polar bears or Santa Claus there􀆳s one thing you􀆳ll find ꎬ (9) in nearly all ads for Coca ̄Cola the characteristic glass bottle Most Americans don􀆳t drink soda out of — 􀆰 the glass bottles seen in Coke􀆳s ads anymore But this week the company is celebrating a century of the 􀆰 ꎬ bottle that􀆳s been sold in more than countries 200 􀆰 Flashback to when a bottle of Coca ̄Cola costs just a nickel As the soft drink gained in 1915ꎬ 􀆰 (10) popularity it faced a growing number of competitors counterfeits even trying to copy Coke􀆳s logo So ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 according to Coca ̄Cola historian Ted Ryan the company decided to come up with packaging that couldn􀆳t be duplicated A product request was sent to eight different glass makers Workers at the Root 􀆰 􀆰 (11) Glass Company got the request and began flipping through the encyclopedia at the local library landing ꎬ on cocoa seed 􀆰 The cocoa􀆳s seed is not an ingredient of the soda They designed their bottle based on the seed􀆳s 􀆰 shape and large middle It won over Coke executives in Atlanta and would go on to receive its own 􀆰 trademark spur collections and earn Coca ̄Cola an iconic image that made it part of American culture for ꎬ a century 􀆰 It was years ago this week that the bottle earned a patent By world war Coke bottle sales 100 􀆰 Ⅱꎬ had ballooned into billions Americans mostly consumed Coke out of aluminum or plastic today but the 􀆰 ꎬ glass bottle remains a symbol of America that􀆳s readily recognized around the world 􀆰 答案详解 What does the passage say appears in almost all ads for Coca ̄Cola 文章说几乎所有的可口可乐广 9􀆰 ? ( 告中都会出现什么 ?) A Santa Claus 圣诞老人 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B A polar bear 一头北极熊 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C Cocoa seeds 可可种子 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D) A glass bottle (一个玻璃瓶ꎮ) 􀆰 【解析】 文中提到 你能在几乎所有可口可乐的广告中发现一样东西 标志性的玻璃瓶 因此 ꎬ : ꎮ 选择D项 ꎮ Why did the Coca ̄Cola Company decide to have special packaging designed 为什么可口可乐公 10􀆰 ? ( 司决定请人设计特殊包装 ?) A To attract customer attention 为了吸引顾客的注意 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) — 19 —B To keep up with the times 为了与时俱进 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C) To combat counterfeits (为了打击仿冒产品ꎮ) 􀆰 D To promote its sales 为了促进销售 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 文中提到 随着可口可乐越来越受欢迎 它有了更多竞争对手 仿冒商品甚至打算抄 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 袭它的标志 因此选择C项 ꎮ ꎮ What do welearn about theCoca ̄Colabottledesigned by theRoot GlassCompany 关于由鲁特玻 11􀆰 ? ( 璃公司设计的可口可乐瓶 我们能了解到什么 ꎬ ?) A It resembles a picture in the encyclopedia 瓶子仿照百科全书中的一张图片 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B) It appears in the shape of a cocoa seed (瓶子呈现可可种子的形状ꎮ) 􀆰 C It has the drink􀆳s logo in the middle 瓶子中间有可口可乐的标志 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D It displays the image of Santa Claus 瓶子上有圣诞老人的图像 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 文中提到 鲁特玻璃公司的工人在当地图书馆翻阅百科全书 最终找到了可可种子 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 并根据可可种子的形状和巨大的中部这一特点设计了瓶子 因此选择B项 ꎮ ꎮ Questions12 to15 are based on the passage you have just heard􀆰 【原文】 Research shows that a few moments of conversation with the stranger creates a measurable (12) improvement in mood but most of us are reluctant to start these conversations because we presume the ꎬ opposite 􀆰 In an experiment commuters who talk to nearby strangers found that commute more enjoyable than ꎬ those who didn􀆳t They were asked to predict whether they􀆳d enjoy the commute more if they 􀆰 (13) conversed with other people Intriguingly most expect the more solitary experience to be more 􀆰 ꎬ pleasurable 􀆰 Why is this Social anxiety appears to be the problem People􀆳s reluctance to start (13) ? 􀆰 conversations with nearby strangers comes partly from underestimating others􀆳 interest in connecting The 􀆰 sad thing is that people presume that a nearby stranger doesn􀆳t want to converse and don􀆳t start a conversation Only those who forced themselves to chat because it was required by the experiment found 􀆰 out what a pleasant experience it could be 􀆰 Human beings are social animals Those who misunderstand the impact of social interactions may 􀆰 not in some context be social enough for their own wellbeing You should be chatting with the ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 strangers you encounter You may occasionally have a negative encounter that might stick in your 􀆰 (14) memory This is because the human brain is biased to dwell on negative events But starting 􀆰 􀆰 conversations with strangers is still well worth the risk of rejection 􀆰 It may surprise you that conversing with strangers will make them happier too The pleasure ꎬ 􀆰 (15) — 20 —of connection seems contagious People who are talked to have equally positive experiences as those who 􀆰 initiate a conversation 􀆰 答案详解 What does research show about a conversation between strangers 关于陌生人之间的对话 研究 12􀆰 ? ( ꎬ 显示什么 ?) A It often occurs among commuters 对话经常发生在通勤者之间 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B It promotes mutual understanding 对话促进了互相理解 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C) It improves their mood considerably (对话大大改善了他们的情绪ꎮ) 􀆰 D It takes a great deal of effort to sustain 将对话进行下去要花很多工夫 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 文中提到 研究表明 与陌生人对话片刻会给情绪带来明显的改善 因此选择 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ C项 ꎮ What prevents people from starting a conversation with strangers 什么阻碍了人们与陌生人开启 13􀆰 ? ( 对话 ?) A) Social anxiety (社交焦虑ꎮ) 􀆰 B Excessive caution 过于谨慎 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C Lack of social skills 缺乏社交技巧 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D Preference for solitude 偏好独处 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 文中提到 当被要求预测如果与其他人交谈 自己是否会更喜欢通勤时 多数人觉得 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 独处更愉快 造成这个问题的原因是社交焦虑 因此选择A项 ꎬ ꎮ ꎮ Why does a negative encounter with strangers stick in one􀆳s memory 为什么与陌生人的一次不 14􀆰 ? ( 愉快见面会一直留存在记忆里 ?) A People usually regard it as an unforgettable lesson 人们通常认为这是一次难忘的教训 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B) Human brains tend to dwell on negative events (人类的大脑倾向于关注负面事件ꎮ) 􀆰 C Negative events often hurt people deeply 负面事件往往伤人很深 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D People generally resent being rejected 人们普遍讨厌被拒绝 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 文中提到 你可能偶尔会有一次不愉快的 让你记很久的邂逅 这是因为人脑偏向关 ꎬ 、 ꎬ 注负面事件 因此选择B项 ꎮ ꎮ What doesthepassagesay thepleasureofconnection seemsto be 据文章所说 建立联系的愉悦 15􀆰 ? ( ꎬ 感是什么样的 ?) A) Contagious (可传染性的ꎮ) 􀆰 B Temporary 临时的 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C Unpredictable 不可预测的 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D Measurable 显著的 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 文中提到 建立联系的快乐是可以传染的 因此选择A项 ꎬ ꎮ ꎮ — 21 —Section C Questions16 to18 are based on the recording you have just heard􀆰 【原文】 The Caribbean islands are divided into two worlds a rich one and a poor one This tropical — 􀆰 (16) region􀆳s economy isbased mainly on farming Farmersareoftwo types Oneistheplantation ownerwho 􀆰 􀆰 may have hundreds of thousands of acres In contrast the small cultivator is working only a few acres of 􀆰 ꎬ land Most visitors to the Caribbean are rich Like the plantation owner they do not realize or do not 􀆰 􀆰 ꎬ want to realize that many farm families barely managed to get by on what they grow 􀆰 The Caribbean produces many things sugar is the main product Other export crops are (17) ꎬ 􀆰 tobacco coffee bananas spices and citrus fruits such as orange lemon or grapefruit From the West ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 Indies also come oil mineral pitch and many forest products Jamaica􀆳s aluminum ore supplies are the ꎬ : world􀆳s largest Oil comes from Trinidad Aruba and Curacao But for many of the smaller islands 􀆰 ꎬ 􀆰 ꎬ sugar is the only export Rum a strong alcoholic drink which is distilled from sugar cane is also an 􀆰 ꎬ ꎬ export The world􀆳s best rum comes from this area Local kinds vary from the light rums of Puerto Rico 􀆰 􀆰 to the heavier darker rums of Barbados and Jamaica American tourists enjoy stocking up on ꎬ 􀆰 inexpensive high ̄quality Caribbean rum whilethey􀆳reon vacation In Curacao thewell ̄known liquorof ꎬ 􀆰 ꎬ that name is made from the thick outer skin of a native orange 􀆰 Ever since America􀆳s colonial days the Caribbean islands have been favorite places to visit Since ꎬ 􀆰 World War II tourism has increased rapidly Because great numbers of people go there the islanders ꎬ 􀆰 ꎬ have built elaborate resorts developed harbors and airfields improved beaches and have expanded sea ꎬ ꎬ and air routes Everything is at the resort hotel beach shopping and recreation The vacationer never 􀆰 — ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 has any reason to explore the island 􀆰 As in most places those who have money live well indeed Those who don􀆳t have money live at ꎬ 􀆰 various levels of poverty But here the poor greatly outnumber the wealthy A visitor will find rich 􀆰 ꎬ 􀆰 people living in apartments or Spanish houses at the seaside or in the countryside Their servants might 􀆰 include acook amaid and anurseforthechildren Most ofthepeoplelivewell belowthepoverty ꎬ 􀆰 (18) level In towns they live crowded together in tiny houses Islanders make the best they can of what they 􀆰 ꎬ 􀆰 have Their homes are quite shabby Sadly most tourists never see this side of the Caribbean 􀆰 􀆰 ꎬ 􀆰 答案详解 What does the speaker say about the economy of the Caribbean islands 说话人关于加勒比群岛的 16􀆰 ? ( 经济是怎么说的 ?) A It depends heavily on tourism 严重依赖旅游业 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B It is flourishing in foreign trade 正在对外贸易中蓬勃发展 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) — 22 —C) It is mainly based on agriculture (主要依赖农业ꎮ) 􀆰 D It relies chiefly on mineral export 主要依赖矿产出口 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 文中提到 加勒比群岛的经济主要依靠农业 因此选择C项 ꎬ ꎮ ꎮ What is the main product of the Caribbean islands 加勒比群岛的主要产品是什么 17􀆰 ? ( ?) A Tobacco 烟草 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B Bananas 香蕉 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C Coffee 咖啡 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D) Sugar (糖ꎮ) 􀆰 【解析】 文中提到 加勒比地区出产多种物品 糖是主要产品 因此选择D项 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ ꎮ What do we learn about the majority of people in the Caribbean islands 关于加勒比群岛的大多 18􀆰 ? ( 数人 我们能得知什么 ꎬ ?) A They toil on farms 他们在农场辛勤劳作 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B) They live a poor life (他们过着贫穷的生活ꎮ) 􀆰 C They live in Spanish ̄style houses 他们住在西班牙式的房子里 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D They hire people to do housework 他们雇人做家务 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 文中提到 大多数加勒比群岛的居民生活在贫困线以下 因此选择B项 ꎬ ꎮ ꎮ Questions19 to21 are based on the recording you have just heard􀆰 【原文】 Talk to anyone who is a generation or two older and they would most likely comment that children ꎬ are more spoiled these days No one wants to have or be around demanding selfish and spoiled 􀆰 ꎬ children those who get bad ̄tempered or silently brewed when they􀆳re not given everything they want — immediately 􀆰 Paradoxically the parents of such children encourage this demanding behavior in the mistaken belief ꎬ that by giving their children everything they can their children will be happy In the short term perhaps ꎬ 􀆰 ꎬ they are right But in the longer term such children end up lonely dependent chronically 􀆰 (19) ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ dissatisfied and resentful of the parents who tried so hard to please them 􀆰 Undoubtedly parents want to raise happy children who are confident capable and likable rather ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ than spoiled and miserable One factor hindering this is that parents can􀆳t or don􀆳t spend enough 􀆰 (20) ꎬ quality time with their kids and substitute this deficit with toys games gadgets and the like Rather than ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 getting material things children need parents􀆳 devoted attention The quantity of time spent together is ꎬ 􀆰 less important than the content of that time Instead of instantly satisfying their wishes parents should 􀆰 ꎬ help them work out a plan to earn things they􀆳d like to have This teaches them to value the effort as well 􀆰 as what it achieves 􀆰 Allow them to enjoy anticipation Numerous psychological studies have demonstrated that children 􀆰 — 23 —who learn to wait for things they desire are more likely to succeed in a number of ways later in life One 􀆰 famous experiment in the s involved three ̄ to six ̄year ̄old children They were given a choice 1960 ꎬ 􀆰 between receiving a small reward such as a cookie immediately or if they waited minutes they could ꎬ 15 ꎬ have two Follow ̄up studies have found that those who chose to delay satisfaction are now more 􀆰 academically successful have greater self ̄worth and even tend to be healthier ꎬ 􀆰 If they failed children should be encouraged to keep trying rather than to give up if they (21) ꎬ really want the desired result This teaches them how to handle and recover from disappointment which 􀆰 ꎬ is associated with greater success and satisfaction academically financially and in personal relationships ꎬ 􀆰 And lastly parents should encourage their children to look at life from other points of view as well ꎬ ꎬ as their own This teaches them to be understanding of and sympathetic towards others qualities sure to 􀆰 — take them a long way in life 􀆰 答案详解 What will happen to children if they always get immediate satisfaction 如果孩子总是立即得到满 19􀆰 ? ( 足 会发生什么事情 ꎬ ?) A They will be more demanding of their next generation 他们对下一代的要求会更高 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B) They will end up lonelyꎬ dependent and dissatisfied (他们最终会变得孤独、 有依赖性和 􀆰 不满ꎮ) C They will experience more setbacks than successes 他们会经历更多的挫折 而非成功 ) 􀆰 ( ꎬ ꎮ) D They will find it difficult to get along with others 他们会发现很难与他人相处 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 文中提到 长期看来 被宠坏的孩子的结局是孤独 有依赖性 长期不满足及憎恨父 ꎬ ꎬ 、 、 母 因此选择B项 ꎮ ꎮ What may prevent parents from raising confident and capable children 是什么阻碍了家长养育自 20􀆰 ? ( 信又有才能的孩子 ?) A Failure to pay due attention to their behavior 没有对孩子的行为给予应有的关注 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B Unwillingness to allow them to play with toys 不愿意让孩子玩玩具 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C Unwillingness to satisfy their wishes immediately 不愿意立即满足孩子的愿望 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D) Failure to spend sufficient quality time with them (未能与孩子共度足够的优质 􀆰 时光ꎮ) 【解析】 文中提到 一个阻碍原因是家长不能或者没有与他们的孩子度过高质量的时光 只是 ꎬ ꎬ 用玩具 游戏等物品去弥补 因此选择D项 、 ꎮ ꎮ Why should children be encouraged to keep trying when they fail 为什么应该鼓励孩子在失败时 21􀆰 ? ( 继续努力 ?) A It will enable them to learn from mistakes 这将使孩子能够从错误中吸取教训 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B) It will help them to handle disappointment (这将帮助孩子应对失望ꎮ) 􀆰 C It will do much good to their mental health 这对孩子的心理健康大有好处 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) — 24 —D It will build their ability to endure hardships 这将培养孩子忍受苦难的能力 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 文中提到 如果孩子失败了 应该被鼓励继续努力 而不是放弃 这教会他们如何处 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 理和走出失望 并关系到学术上 财务上和人际关系上更大的成功和满足 因此选择 ꎬ 、 ꎮ B项 ꎮ Questions22 to25 are based on the recording you have just heard􀆰 【原文】 It􀆳s not hard to messup an interview Most peoplefeel nervoussitting acrossfrom ahiring manager 􀆰 ꎬ answering questions that effectively open themselves up for judgment And your chances of being 􀆰 (22) more carefully considered for the job can quickly go downhill just by saying the wrong thing at the wrong time 􀆰 The most obvious thing not to do is complain Employers want to hire positive people (23) 􀆰 􀆰 Talking about a previous job negatively raises concerns that you might be difficult to manage or you ꎬ might be someone that blames management for your own poor performance Don􀆳t say that you􀆳ve moved 􀆰 around in jobs because you haven􀆳t found the right fit or feel that you were not challenged enough 􀆰 Statements like these will make you sound aimless and lost And interviewer may well think Why would 􀆰 “ this role be any different for you You will probably leave here in six months ? 􀆰” It also begs the question of what type of relationship you had with your manager It doesn􀆳t sound 􀆰 like you had open communication with him or her Managers usually love people who can self ̄ 􀆰 (24) sustain and enable growth through taking initiative who are strong at following through their work and ꎬ who bring ideas and solutions to the table 􀆰 If you were in a management or leadership position when discussing your current role never take ꎬ ꎬ all the credit for accomplishments or achievements Emphasize your team and how through their talents 􀆰 your vision was realized Most successful leaders know that they are only as good as their team And 􀆰 􀆰 acknowledging this in an interview will go a long way towards suggesting that you might be the right person for the position you are applying for 􀆰 Lastly have a good idea of what your role will be and try and convey the idea that you􀆳re flexible ꎬ ꎬ 􀆰 Asking what yourrolewill besuggestsyou will limit yourselfpurely to what isexpected ofyou In (25) 􀆰 reality your role is whatever you make of it This is especially true in small companies where the ability ꎬ 􀆰 to adapt and take on new responsibilities is highly valued and this is equally important if you􀆳re just ꎬ starting out Entry ̄level interviewees would do well to demonstrate a broad set of skills in most 􀆰 interviews It􀆳s important to have a wide skillset As many startups and small companies are moving 􀆰 􀆰 really fast employers are looking for candidates that are intelligent and can quickly adapt and excel in a ꎬ growing company 􀆰 — 25 —答案详解 What does the speaker say can easily prevent an interviewee from getting a job 据说话人所说 22􀆰 ? ( ꎬ 什么很容易阻碍一名面试者求职 ?) A Failing to make sufficient preparations 未能做好充分准备 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B Looking away from the hiring manager 目光不看招聘主管 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C) Saying the wrong thing at the wrong time (在错误的时间说错误的话ꎮ) 􀆰 D Making a wrong judgment of the interview 对面试做出错误判断 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 文中提到 你被该工作进一步考虑为候选人的机会可能迅速降低 只是因为你在错误 ꎬ ꎬ 的时间说了错误的话 因此选择C项 ꎮ ꎮ What should the interviewee avoid doing in an interview 求职者在面试中应该避免做什么 23􀆰 ? ( ?) A) Complaining about their previous job (抱怨自己以前的工作ꎮ) 􀆰 B Inquiring about their salary to be paid 询问自己今后的薪资 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C Exaggerating their academic background 夸大自己的学术背景 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D Understating their previous achievements 对自己以前的成就轻描淡写 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 文中提到 最应该避免做的事是抱怨 对之前的一份工作的负面评价可能会使面试官 ꎬ ꎬ 担心你很难管理 由此可知不应该抱怨以前的工作 因此选择A项 ꎬ ꎮ ꎮ What kind of employees do companies like to recruit 公司喜欢招什么类型的员工 24􀆰 ? ( ?) A Those who have both skill and experience 既有技能又有经验的人 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B Those who get along well with colleagues 与同事相处融洽的人 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C) Those who take initiative in their work (积极主动工作的人ꎮ) 􀆰 D Those who are loyal to their managers 忠于自己主管的人 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 文中提到 主管通常喜欢能自我支持 主动行动实现成长的人 以及善于坚持工作 ꎬ 、 ꎬ 、 能想到主意和解决办法的人 因此选择C项 ꎮ ꎮ What is especially important for those working in a small company 对小公司的员工尤其重要的 25􀆰 ? ( 是什么 ?) A) Ability to shoulder new responsibilities (能够承担新的责任ꎮ) 􀆰 B Experience of performing multiple roles 扮演多个角色的经验 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C Readiness to work to flexible schedules 准备好按照灵活的时间表工作 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D Skills to communicate with colleagues 与同事沟通的技巧 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 文章末尾提到 询问你的角色意味着你将自己局限于别人对你的期望中 但实际上 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 你的角色取决于你对它的理解 在小公司尤其如此 这里更看重适应能力和承担新职 ꎮ ꎬ 责的能力 因此选择A项 ꎮ ꎮ — 26 —Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension Section A 参考译文 如果你认为生活很美好 并期待它一直如此 那么便很有可能收获健康长寿 至少 这一点 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ 已被某项最新研究证实 该研究发现 相较于乐观程度最低的人群 乐观程度最高的研究参与者 ꎮ ꎬ ꎬ 更有可能活到 岁乃至 更久 值得注意的是 即使在研究人员考量了可能 影 85 (26) ꎮ (27) ꎬ (28) 响这一发现的其他因素后 这一研究结果依然成立 这些因素包括受访者是否有心脏病或癌症等 ꎬ ꎬ 健康问题 或是否患过抑郁症 越来越多的证据表明 某些心理因素或许预示着更长的 寿 ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ (29) 命 例如 许多过往研究发现 越乐观的人患慢性疾病的风险越低 过早死亡的风险也越 ꎮ ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ (30) 低 但该项最新研究似乎是第一个 专门探究乐观与长寿关联的 研究人员 承认 当 ꎮ (31) ꎮ (32) ꎬ 他们将锻炼水平 睡眠习惯 饮食等某些健康行为的影响纳入考虑范围时 新研究发现的这种心 、 、 ꎬ 理与健康的关联并没有那么强 但这也表明 这些健康行为至少能部分解释两者之间存在的关联 ꎮ ꎬ ꎮ 换而言之 乐观心理有助于 养成有益健康的良好习惯 同样值得注意的是 该研究只发现 ꎬ (33) ꎮ ꎬ 了一种 关联 因为研究人员并不能证明乐观必然导致长寿 不过 如果这些发现是正确 (34) ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ 的 那么就足以表明乐观可以成为一种有益健康长寿的心理 特质 ꎬ (35) ꎮ 词性归类 名词: D correlation 关联 L span 持续时间 范围 N spiral 螺旋形 ) ) ꎻ ) O trait 特征 品质 ) ꎬ 动词: A affect 影响 C conceded 通常指不情愿地 承认 E foster 促进 抚育 ) ) ( ) ) ꎻ K reconciled 使和谐一致 妥协 L span 贯穿 涵盖 ) ꎻ ) ꎻ 形容词: C conceded 被承认的 G lofty 崇高的 巍峨的 H noteworthy 值得注意的 ) ) ꎻ ) J premature 未成熟的 仓促的 K reconciled 和解的 N spiral 螺旋式的 ) ꎻ ) ) 副词: B beyond 超出 更远 F henceforth 从此以后 I plausibly 可信地 ) ꎻ ) ) M specifically 具体来说 特意 ) ꎻ 答案详解 B beyond 26􀆰 ) — 27 —【解析】 空格位于or之后 且空格所在句基本结构完整 空格与 age 是并列关系 形式一 ꎬ ꎬ 85 ꎬ 致 由此可知 空格处须填入副词修饰动词live 文中提到 研究发现 乐观程度高 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ ꎬ 的受试者更有可能活到 岁 前文已经提到对生活更乐观的人更可能长寿 可知该 85 ꎮ ꎬ 处表达活到 岁及 以上 故选择B项beyond 该句意思为 该研究发现 相较 85 “ ”ꎬ ꎮ : “ ꎬ 于乐观程度最低的人群 乐观程度最高的研究参与者更有可能活到 岁乃至更久 ꎬ 85 ꎮ” H noteworthy 27􀆰 ) 【解析】 空格位于it is之后 that 完整句子之前 由此可知it是形式主语 空格处须填入形容 ꎬ + ꎬ ꎬ 词 描述that后面整个句子 后文提到 甚至在研究人员考虑了诸多因素后 研究的 ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ ꎬ 结果仍然成立 这是一个值得关注的点 故选择 H项 noteworthy 该句意思为 值 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ : “ 得注意的是 ꎬ 􀆺􀆺”ꎮ A affect 28􀆰 ) 【解析】 空格位于could之后 the link之前 空格所在句是修饰 factors的定语从句 从句中缺 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 少谓语动词 空格处须填入动词原形 文中提到 值得注意的是 甚至在研究人员考 ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ ꎬ 虑到 联系的因素之后 这些因素包括受试者是否有健康问题 或者是否患过 ꎬ ꎬ 抑郁症 这些因素都可能会影响研究结果 故选择A项affect 该句意思为 即使在 ꎮ ꎬ ꎮ : “ 研究人员考量了可能影响这一发现的其他因素后 这一研究结果依然成立 这些因素 ꎬ ꎬ 包括受访者是否有心脏病或癌症等健康问题 或是否患过抑郁症 ꎬ ”ꎮ L span 29􀆰 ) 【解析】 空格位于 a longer life 之后 空格所在句是同位语从句 具体说明 evidence 的内容 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 空格处可填入名词与life一起构成宾语 或填入副词修饰predict 文中提到 研究结 ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ 果进一步证实了某些心理因素会导致更长的生命 备选项中只有 span 最符合句意 ꎮ ꎬ life span为固定搭配 表示 寿命 故选择L项 该句意思为 越来越多的证据表 ꎬ “ ”ꎬ ꎮ : “ 明 某些心理因素或许预示着更长的寿命 ꎬ ꎮ” J premature 30􀆰 ) 【解析】 空格位于a lower risk of之后 death之前 由此可知 空格处须填入形容词 文中提 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ 到 先前的研究发现 更乐观的人患慢性病的风险更低 死亡的风险也更 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 低 前文提到了乐观使人长寿 推测此处要表达的是 短寿 故选择 J 项 ꎮ ꎬ “ ”ꎬ premature 该句意思为 例如 许多过往研究发现 越乐观的人患慢性疾病的风险 ꎮ : “ ꎬ ꎬ 越低 过早死亡的风险也越低 ꎬ ꎮ” M specifically 31􀆰 ) 【解析】 空格位于the first to do sth结构中 且所在句的主谓宾完整 因此空格处须填入副词 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ 文中提到 然而 新研究似乎是第一个 探究乐观与长寿关系的 前一句提 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ 到 此前的研究表明乐观者有更大概率避免慢性病和早亡 然而新研究的不同之处是 ꎬ ꎬ 它首次专门探究乐观与长寿的关联 故选择 M项 specifically 该句意思为 但该项 ꎮ ꎮ : “ — 28 —最新研究似乎是第一个专门探究乐观与长寿关联的 ꎮ” C conceded 32􀆰 ) 【解析】 空格位于主语 the researchers 之后 that 宾语从句之间 由此可知 空格处须填入动 ꎬ + ꎬ ꎬ 词 文中提到 当把各种健康行为产生的影响纳入考虑后 研究者们 新研究 ꎮ ꎬ ꎬ 发现的关联没有那么强 此处研究人员是在表述他们的发现 且这个发现与前文的猜 ꎬ ꎬ 想 乐观就能导致长寿 有出入 备选项中只有conceded表意符合 故选择C项 该 ( ) ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ 句意思为 研究人员承认 当他们将锻炼水平 睡眠习惯 饮食等某些健康行为的 : “ ꎬ 、 、 影响纳入考虑范围时 新研究发现的这种心理与健康的关联并没有那么强 ꎬ ꎮ” E foster 33􀆰 ) 【解析】 空格位于 may 之后 good habits 之前 空格处须填入动词原形与 can 共同构成谓 ꎬ ꎬ 语 文中提到 换句话说 乐观可能 促进健康的良好习惯 前一句提到 ꎮ ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ 多种健康行为至少能部分解释健康与长寿的关联 因此乐观有助于养成良好习惯 ꎬ ꎬ 故选择E项foster 该句意思为 换而言之 乐观心理有助于养成有益健康的良好 ꎮ : “ ꎬ 习惯 ꎮ” D correlation 34􀆰 ) 【解析】 空格位于a之后 空格须填入名词作found的宾语 文中提到 值得一提的另一点是 ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ ꎬ 研究只发现了一个 因为研究者们未能证实乐观带来长寿 由此可知研究只 ꎬ ꎬ 是发现了一种相关性 故选择 D 项 correlation 该句意思为 同样值得注意的是 ꎬ ꎮ : “ ꎬ 该研究只发现了一种关联 因为研究人员并不能证明乐观必然导致长寿 ꎬ ꎮ” O trait 35􀆰 ) 【解析】 空格位于a psychological之后 that 定语从句之前 因此空格处须填入名词 文中提 ꎬ + ꎬ ꎮ 到 如果这些发现成立 这表明乐观可以成为一种心理 能够促进健康和长 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 寿 可知此处将乐观视为一种特点或品质 备选项中只有 O 项 trait 最符合文意 该 ꎮ ꎬ ꎮ 句意思为 不过 如果这些发现是正确的 那么就足以表明乐观可以成为一种有益 : “ ꎬ ꎬ 健康长寿的心理特质 ꎮ” Section B 参考译文 巴宝莉烧毁 万英镑库存ꎬ 时尚界不足为奇 2800 A 上周 巴宝莉年报披露 去年该品牌烧毁了价值 万英镑的库存产品 这一消息 ) (44) ꎬ ꎬ 2ꎬ 860 ꎮ 令投资人和消费者愤怒不已 但对时尚界人士而言却并不意外 ꎬ ꎮ B 销毁未售出的存货 甚至销毁一卷卷未曾用过的布料 对奢侈品牌来说其实已经司空见惯 ) ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ 在折扣店用降价促销出售商品会让销售范围变得太广 妨碍正价商品的销售 将产品送 (37) ꎬ ꎮ — 29 —去回收又容易导致产品被盗并在黑市上出售 品牌战略机构 概念局 首席执行官 Jasmine ꎮ “ ” Bina解释称 通常情况下 奢侈品品牌会围绕专营权来保护自身商业利益 即对知识产权和 : “ ꎬ ꎬ 品牌资产加以保护 她表示此前听说过烧毁存货的传闻 但直至本周才了解到具体情况 ꎮ” ꎬ ꎮ C 导致这种普遍做法的另一原因是 对出口到美国的品牌来说 烧毁库存也是一种财务激励举 ) ꎬ ꎬ 措 美国海关规定 如果进口商品未曾使用且在其监督下被销毁 那么品牌为该商品支付的 ꎮ ꎬ ꎬ %的关税 税款或费用可以得到赔付 实际上 要计算出目前浪费的滞销存货难度极大 虽 99 、 ꎮ ꎬ ꎮ 然品牌有这样做的动机 却没有进行相关报告的法律义务 ꎬ ꎮ D 一位不愿透露姓名的消息人士分享了她 年 月在纽约一家巴宝莉门店工作的经历 ) (41) 2016 10 ꎮ 我的工作就是把商品扔进箱子 以便送去烧掉 我的内心其实很难受 因为所有的皮革和皮 “ ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ 草都被浪费 动物们也白白死去了 我没办法继续在那呆下去 他们的商业行为让我瞠目结 ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ 舌 今年 月 巴宝莉宣布将在其时装秀中撤下皮草 并重新评估皮草在其他业务中的使用 ꎮ” 5 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ 该消息人士还表示 尽管我们问过管理层 但他们拒绝告知采取这种做法的详细原因 她在 : “ ꎬ ꎮ” 两周内从巴宝莉离职 此后一直供职于另一家知名奢侈品品牌 ꎬ ꎮ E 在一篇网络论坛帖子中 有人曾询问路易威登是否真的烧毁了自家的箱包 一位声称在路易威 ) ꎬ ꎬ 登工作的人士Ahmed Bouchfaa回答说 该品牌每年会为员工组织两次旧货促销 经过几次销 ꎬ ꎮ 售后仍未售出的商品会被销毁 他提到 路易威登不会对库存进行公开销售 他们要么按某 ꎮ : “ ꎮ 一定价出售产品 要么停产 这是为了确保每个人都能以同样的价格买到一件商品 接 ꎬ ꎮ ꎮ” (39) 着 他还透露了有关员工内购的严格准则 你可以给别人买礼物 但公司会追踪每一件物 ꎬ : “ ꎬ 品 如果你购买的礼物被放到网上销售 他们完全知道找谁问责 据报道 一位投资者在评 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ” ꎬ 论巴宝莉年报数据时愤愤不平 因为品牌在销毁产品前甚至未将库存品赠送给投资者 ꎬ ꎮ F 今年 月 旗下拥有多个奢侈品牌的历峰集团一度成为头条新闻 因为该公司在过去两年中收 ) 5 ꎬ ꎬ 回了价值 亿英镑的手表进行销毁 以避免产品降价 采取这种做法的不仅仅有奢侈 4􀆰37 ꎬ ꎮ (42) 品品牌 去年 月 丹麦一档电视节目曝光了H&M自 年以来共烧毁了 吨未售出的服 ꎮ 10 ꎬ 2013 12 装 这家平价零售店在一份声明中自我辩解道 烧掉的衣服均未通过安全检测 外部实验室 ꎮ ꎬ : “ 对媒体提到的产品进行了检测 检测结果显示 其中一件产品发生霉变 而其他产品的铅含量 ꎮ ꎬ ꎬ 过高 根据我们的安全规程 回收这些产品是合规做法 今年 月 一份报告显示 H&M积 ꎮ ꎬ ꎮ” 3 ꎬ ꎬ 压了价值 亿美元的库存 该品牌在接受 纽约时报 采访时表示 其计划是通过降价来促 43 ꎮ « » ꎬ 进库存销售 相当于鼓励消费者购买后又不假思索地丢弃 ꎬ ꎮ G 过量生产或许是巴宝莉最大的担忧 品牌商宁可焚烧商品而不愿降价出售 这体现出的 ) ꎮ (36) ꎬ 精英主义内涵引发了众怒 但这家英国时尚品牌的高管们无疑在竭力对自己的误判进行辩解 ꎬ ꎮ 品牌商将浪费归因于通过焚毁旧的化妆品库存来给新的美妆产品系列让路 然而 尽管遭到 ꎮ ꎬ 销毁的库存价值相比去年的 万英镑略有增加 但与 年的 万英镑相比 这 2ꎬ 690 ꎬ 2016 1ꎬ 880 ꎬ 一数字显然经历了大幅增长 突显出该问题的持续性 ꎬ ꎮ H 年 月 巴宝莉改用 现看现买 的走秀模式 此举是为充分利用其时装周秀的覆 ) (45) 2016 9 ꎬ “ ” ꎮ — 30 —盖面 让消费者可以立即购得库存商品 这与传统做法截然相反 过去品牌商会先向业界展 ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ 示产品 再接受生产订单并在 个月内供货 虽然巴宝莉宣布新模式实现了 破纪录 ꎬ 6 ꎮ (45) “ ” 的在线访问量和参与度 但几乎没有证据表明该策略对销售产生了重大影响 尤其是在整一 ꎬ ꎬ 季炒作放缓的情况下 今年 月 巴宝莉对该模式进行重新调整 放弃了一些走秀服装 并承 ꎮ 2 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 诺在未来几个月内推出其他款式 ꎮ I 在一份声明中 巴宝莉否认改用 现看现买 的模式造成了浪费 巴宝莉发言人进一步表示 ) ꎬ “ ” ꎮ : 在有必要销毁产品的情况下 我们会以负责任的方式处理产品 我们一直在寻找减少和重新 “ ꎬ ꎮ 评估浪费的方法 这也是我们战略的核心部分 我们已经建立了伙伴关系 并致力于支持创新 ꎮ ꎬ ꎬ 型组织帮助实现这一目标 ꎮ” J 作为巴宝莉的合作伙伴之一 Elvis &Kresse是一家使用再生材料的饰品品牌 品牌联合 ) ꎬ ꎮ (43) 创始人Kresse Wesling表示 去年年底 我们与巴宝莉基金会启动了一项雄心勃勃的五年合作 : “ ꎬ 计划 其主要目的是拓展我们的 拯救皮革 项目 从巴宝莉皮具生产中的边角料入手 我们 ꎮ ‘ ’ ꎬ ꎮ 正不遗余力地扩展解决方案 并欢迎大家来到我们的车间 看看我们在做的工作 目 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ” (43) 前 这一合作项目只能解决生产阶段的浪费问题 无法针对未售出的产品 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ K 虽然这些计划值得赞扬 但同时也让巴宝莉更难为最新的数据辩护 年前 由于其标 ) ꎬ ꎮ (38) 15 ꎬ 志性的棋盘格图案被廉价的山寨品牌大肆模仿 导致巴宝莉深陷危机 这让奢侈品消费者望 ꎬ ꎮ 而却步 因为他们发现自己昂贵的服装与工人阶层青年文化联系更深 而不是著名的传统时 ꎬ ꎬ 尚品牌 年 在巴宝莉格纹过度曝光的高峰期 该品牌营业额为 亿英镑 在创意 ꎮ 2004 ꎬ ꎬ 7􀆰155 ꎮ 总监Christopher Bailey的带领下 巴宝莉成功扭转了品牌局面 去年的营收已达 亿英镑 ꎬ ꎬ 27􀆰3 ꎮ L Bina认为 品牌商需要重新调整其专营策略 如今 专营开始面临挑战 她指出 ) (40) ꎬ ꎮ “ ꎬ ꎬ” ꎬ 我认为这与奢侈品本身受到的挑战密切相关 接触时尚的渠道与掌管时尚风潮的品牌正在变 “ ꎮ 得越来越不相关 健康 智慧 以及社会和环境责任等事物都是新的奢侈品 这些都源 ꎮ (40) 、 、 ꎬ 于内在 而非外部 这就是传统奢侈品品牌在中长期内必须应对的挑战 ꎬ ꎮ ꎮ” 答案详解 Burberry􀆳s executives are trying hard to attribute their practice of destroying old products to 36􀆰 miscalculated production 巴宝莉的高管们正努力将他们销毁旧产品的做法归咎于误判 􀆰 ( 产量 ꎮ) 【解析】 G 由Burberry􀆳s executives和miscalculated production 定位至G段第 句 定位句 ) 2 ꎮ 指出 巴宝莉的高管们无疑正在奋力辩解他们如何错误估计了产量 因此选择 ꎬ ꎮ G段 ꎮ Selling products at a discount will do greater harm to luxury brands than destroying them 打折销 37􀆰 􀆰 ( 售产品对奢侈品牌的损害比销毁它们更大 ꎮ) 【解析】 B 由discount greater harm 和 than destroying 定位至 B 段第 句 定位句指出 ) 、 2、 3 ꎮ ꎬ 如果在折扣店中以更便宜的价格出售 奢侈品可以被太多人买到 这会损害奢侈品的 ꎬ ꎬ — 31 —正价销售 因此选择B段 ꎮ ꎮ Imitated Burberry products discouraged luxury consumers from buying its genuine products 巴宝 38􀆰 􀆰 ( 莉仿品阻碍了奢侈品消费者购买其正品 ꎮ) 【解析】 K 由imitated discouraged和genuine products 定位至 K 段第 句 定位句指出 ) 、 2、 3 ꎮ ꎬ 巴宝莉遭遇过标志图案被仿冒的危机 这让奢侈品消费者望而却步 因为他们发现自 ꎬ ꎬ 己的昂贵服饰无法代表久负盛名的时尚大牌 因此选择K段 ꎮ ꎮ Staff members of a luxury brand may buy its old stock at cheaper prices but they are not allowed to 39􀆰 ꎬ resell them 奢侈品牌的员工可以用更低的价格购买其积压的存货 但不得转售 􀆰 ( ꎬ ꎮ) 【解析】 E 由staff old stock和not allowed to resell定位至E段 定位句指出 员工内部折扣 ) 、 ꎮ ꎬ 销售有严格规定 货品可以作为礼物购买 但是每个货品都会被追踪 如果货物上网 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 售卖 奢侈品公司将追责 因此选择E段 ꎬ ꎮ ꎮ In future traditional luxury brands will have to adapt their business strategies to the changing concepts 40􀆰 of luxury 从今以后 传统奢侈品牌将不得不调整其经营策略以适应不断变化的奢侈品 􀆰 ( ꎬ 概念 ꎮ) 【解析】 L 由adapt their business strategies和changing concepts定位至L段第 句 定位句 ) 1、 4 ꎮ 指出 巴宝莉高管Bina认为奢侈品品牌需要重新定位其专营策略 健康 智慧 以 ꎬ ꎬ 、 ꎬ 及社会和环境责任等事物成为新的奢侈品 因此选择L段 ꎮ ꎮ One luxury brand employee quit her job because she simply couldn􀆳t bear to see the destruction of 41􀆰 unsold products 一位奢侈品牌员工离职了 因为她实在不忍心看到未售出产品被销毁 􀆰 ( ꎬ ꎮ) 【解析】 D 由quit her job和couldn􀆳t bear定位至D段第 句 定位句指出 一名内部人员 ) 1、 2 ꎮ ꎬ 匿名分享了她在巴宝莉门店中的经历 这名前员工说自己在看到货品被销毁浪费时感 ꎬ 到非常难受 已经无法继续在那里工作 因此选择D段 ꎬ ꎮ ꎮ Destroying old stock is a practice not just of luxury brands but of less prestigious fashion brands 42􀆰 􀆰 销毁旧货库存不仅是奢侈品品牌的做法 也是没那么知名的时尚品牌的做法 ( ꎬ ꎮ) 【解析】 F 由not just of luxury brands和 less prestigious fashion brands定位至 F段第 句 ) 2、 3 ꎮ 定位句指出 这么做 销毁货物 的并不只是奢侈品品牌 平价零售品牌 H&M 自 ꎬ ( ) ꎬ 年来一直烧毁未售出的衣物 因此选择F段 2013 ꎮ ꎮ Burberry is working with a partner to make full use of leather materials to reduce waste 巴宝莉正 43􀆰 􀆰 ( 与伙伴合作 以充分利用皮革材料 减少浪费 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ ) 【解析】 J 由emotional labor和only when it is not done 定位至 J 段第 句 定位句指 ) 2、 3、 5 ꎮ 出 Elvis &Kresse去年与巴宝莉建立合作关系 合作的主要目的是推广拯救皮革项 ꎬ ꎬ 目 末句又提到合作项目解决生产阶段的浪费问题 因此选择J段 ꎬ ꎮ ꎮ Burberry􀆳s plan to destroy its unsold products worth millions of dollars aroused public indignation 44􀆰 􀆰 巴宝莉销毁其价值数百万美元的未售出产品的计划引起了公众的愤怒 ( ꎮ) — 32 —【解析】 A 由Burberry􀆳s destroy its unsold products和public indignation定位至A段 该段提 ) 、 ꎮ 到 巴宝莉年度报告显示价值 千万余英镑的货品在去年被烧毁 这一消息让投资人 ꎬ 2 ꎬ 和消费者都非常愤怒 因此选择A段 ꎮ ꎮ Burberry􀆳s change of marketing strategy to make a product available as soon as consumers see it on 45􀆰 the fashion showdid not turn out to be as effective as expected 巴宝莉转变营销策略 变为一个 􀆰 ( ꎬ 产品在时装秀上向消费者展示后立即上市 结果并没有预期那样有效 ꎬ ꎮ) 【解析】 H 由change of marketing strategy和available as soon as consumers see it定位至H段 ) ꎮ 该段首句提到巴宝莉在 年转变模式 第 句解释说明这种转变 让货品在时装 2016 ꎬ 2 : 周发布时就立即可以被消费者买到 第 句提到 几乎没有证据表明这种策略对销售 ꎮ 4 ꎬ 起重大影响 因此选择H段 ꎮ ꎮ Section C Passage One 参考译文 社交媒体可谓无处不在 每天 数十亿人都在使用社交媒体来创造 分享和交流各种想法 ꎮ ꎬ 、 、 消息和资讯 个人和企业会定期发布信息 与来自世界各地的人交流互动 它是一个强大的沟通 ꎮ ꎬ ꎮ 媒介 能同时在全球范围内提供即时 频繁 永久和影响广泛的信息 ꎬ 、 、 ꎮ 人们将自己的生活发布在社交媒体上 让全世界都看到 脸书 推特 领英和无数其他社交 ꎬ ꎮ 、 、 渠道为雇主提供了一种快速而简单的方式来窥视求职者的私生活 包括积极和消极的一面 ——— ꎮ 作为招聘过程的一部分 社交媒体筛选极具诱惑力 但在对潜在求职者进行背景调查时 (46) ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 雇主是否应该利用它呢 ? 结合社交媒体筛选求职者并不是罕见做法 年的一项调查发现 近 %的雇主在聘用求 ꎮ 2018 ꎬ 70 职者之前 都会使用社交媒体进行筛选 但这也会造成相应后果和潜在的法律风险 如果 ꎬ ꎮ ꎮ (47) 使用不当 社交媒体筛选也将成为不道德的 甚至是非法的操作 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ 社交媒体筛选本质上是对求职者私人生活的审查 它可能会暴露有关年龄 种族 国籍 残 ꎮ 、 、 、 疾 性别 宗教等受保护的个人信息 导致招聘决策中产生偏见 一旦个人页面上的图片 、 、 ꎬ ꎮ (48) 或评论被断章取义 便可能毁掉一名优秀应聘者被录用的机会 这个过程也可能使一名候选人获 ꎬ ꎮ 得超过另一名候选人的优势 这是不公平的 该过程也可能让部分求职者获得不当之利 它形成 ꎬ ꎮ ꎮ 了不平等的竞争环境 并有可能向招聘主管提供对招聘决策产生负面影响的信息 ꎬ ꎮ 将社交媒体作为筛选工具的做法很难被忽视 虽然有些信息是我们不应去看的 但有些信息 ꎮ ꎬ 则能为我们合法所用 从而让社交媒体成为相关信息的宝贵来源 适当地使用社交媒体筛选有助 ꎬ ꎮ 于确保你不会雇用到 毒瘤员工 让公司遭受财务损失或败坏公司声誉 正视社交媒体筛 “ ”ꎬ ꎮ (49) 选流程合法的一面 你能够招到有史以来的最佳员工 这其中存在一种微妙的平衡 ꎬ ꎮ ꎮ — 33 —通过社交媒体筛选求职者必须以专业和负责任的方式进行 企业应该明确规定永远不会向求 ꎮ 职者索要账户密码 保证行为始终如一 将决策记录归档 参考消息来源 同时了解其他可能适 、 、 、 ꎬ 用的法律 有鉴于此 企业或许最好在招聘后期进行社交媒体考察 并向人力资源部门寻求帮助 ꎮ ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ 社交媒体将持续存在 但至关重要的是 为确保遵守所有法律规定 企业在使用社交媒体 ꎮ (50) ꎬ ꎬ 筛选求职者之前应事先咨询管理和法务团队 ꎮ 答案详解 What does the author mainly discuss in the passage 作者在这篇文章中主要讨论了什么 46􀆰 ? ( ?) A The advantage of using social media in screening job candidates 使用社交媒体筛选求职者的 ) 􀆰 ( 优势 ꎮ) B The potentially invasive nature of social media in everyday life 社交媒体在日常生活中具有 ) 􀆰 ( 的潜在入侵性 ꎮ) C Whether the benefits of social media outweigh the drawbacks 社交媒体的好处是否大于 ) 􀆰 ( 弊端 ꎮ) D) Whether social media should be used to screen job candidates (是否应该用社交媒体筛选 􀆰 求职者ꎮ) 【解析】 由the author mainly discuss和题文同序原则可定位到第 段 文章首段描述了社交媒 2 ꎮ 体的盛行 第 段谈及社交媒体在求职方面的应用 第 段末句提到雇主是否应该利 ꎬ 2 ꎬ 2 用社交媒体筛选求职者 因此选择 D 项 文中提到调查求职者背景 但没有提到 ꎮ ꎮ ꎬ 筛选优势 故排除A项 选项B 文中未提及 故排除 文章讨论的是用社交媒体 “ ”ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ ꎮ 筛选求职者的利弊 而非社交媒体本身的问题 故排除选项C ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ What might happen when social mediaisused to screen job candidates 当社交媒体被用来筛选求 47􀆰 ? ( 职者时 可能会发生什么事情 ꎬ ?) A) Moral or legal issues might arise (可能出现道德或法律问题ꎮ) 􀆰 B Company reputation might suffer 公司声誉可能受损 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C Sensational information might surface 可能揭露引起轰动的信息 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D Hiring decisions might be complicated 雇用决策可能变复杂 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 由social mediaisused to screen job candidates可定位到第 段末句 文中提到 如果使 3 ꎮ ꎬ 用不当 社交媒体筛查可能会被视为违背道德 甚至是非法的 因此选择 A 项 选 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ ꎮ 项B D文中均未提及 故排除 原文提到 社交媒体审查可能会暴露受保护的一些 、 ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ 信息 如年龄 种族等 但没有提到这些信息是 引发轰动的 故排除选项C ꎬ 、 ꎬ “ ”ꎬ ꎮ When could online personal information be detrimental to candidates 什么时候网上的个人信息会 48􀆰 ? ( 对候选人不利 ?) A) When it is separated from context (当个人信息脱离语境时ꎮ) 􀆰 B When it is scrutinized by an employer 当个人信息被雇主审查时 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) — 34 —C When it is magnified to a ruinous degree 当个人信息被放大到具有破坏性时 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D When it is revealed to the human resources 当个人信息被透露给人力资源部门时 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 由online personal information和 detrimental to candidates可定位到第 段第 句 文中 4 3 ꎮ 提到 个人页面上的照片或评论在脱离语境后可能会毁掉一位优秀求职者被录用的机 ꎬ 会 因此选择A项 文中提到 雇主在通过社交媒体审查求职者信息时可能存在偏 ꎮ ꎮ ꎬ 颇 有些求职者因此获得不公平的优势 因此审查网上的个人信息不一定对所有求职 ꎬ ꎬ 者有害 故排除选项B 原文没有提到 夸大 网络信息 故排除选项 C 原文提到 ꎬ ꎮ “ ” ꎬ ꎮ 可以让人力资源部门协助进行社交媒体考察 但未提及对求职者的影响 故排除选 ꎬ ꎬ 项D ꎮ How can employersusesocial mediainformation to theiradvantagewhileavoiding unnecessary risks 49􀆰 ? 雇主如何在避免不必要的风险的同时 以有利于自己的方式使用社交媒体信息 ( ꎬ ?) A By tipping the delicate balance 通过倾斜微妙的平衡 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B) By using it in a legitimate way (通过合法方式使用社交媒体信息ꎮ) 􀆰 C By keeping personal information on record 通过将个人信息记录在案 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D By separating relevant from irrelevant data 通过分离相关和不相关的数据 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 由employers和avoiding unnecessary risks可定位到第 段第 句 文中提到 要考虑 5 4 ꎮ ꎬ 到筛选过程合法的方面 这样企业能招到优秀员工 因此选B项 原文提到适当使用 ꎬ ꎮ ꎮ 社交媒体是一种微妙的平衡 没有提到 倾斜 故排除选项 A 文中提到 公司应 ꎬ “ ”ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ 该把招聘决策的过程记录下来 而非记录个人信息 故排除选项C 原文提到 社交 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ 媒体上涉及法律的信息应作为有价值的资源和相关信息 但未提及雇主应该用分离信 ꎬ 息的方式利用社交媒体 故排除选项D ꎬ ꎮ What does the author suggest doing before screening job candidates on social media 在社交媒体 50􀆰 ? ( 上筛选求职者之前 作者建议做什么 ꎬ ?) A Hiring professionals to navigate the whole process 聘请专业人士来指导整个过程 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B Anticipating potential risks involved in the process 预测该过程中涉及的潜在风险 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C) Seeking advice from management and legal experts (向管理和法律专家寻求建议ꎮ) 􀆰 D Stipulating a set of rules for asking specific questions 规定一套询问具体问题的规则 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 由the author suggest和before screening job candidates可定位到第 段末句 文中提到 6 ꎮ ꎬ 在用社交媒体筛选职位候选人之前 为了符合所有法律规定 咨询管理和法务团队极 ꎬ ꎬ 为重要 因此选C项 原文提到请人力资源部门来帮忙进行社交媒体考察 而非指 ꎮ ꎮ ꎬ 导整个工作流程 选项A过度推断 故排除 选项 B 文中未提及 故排除 原文列 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ ꎮ 举了企业应明确规定通过社交媒体筛选求职者的多种做法 但没有提到 提具体问 ꎬ “ 题的规则 故排除选项D ”ꎬ ꎮ — 35 —Passage Two 参考译文 近年来 食品行业增加了标签的使用 无论标签上注明的是 非转基因 还是 无糖 或 ꎬ ꎮ “ “ꎬ “ ” 零碳水化合物 消费者对于了解食品中所含的具体成分有了越来越多的需求 一份报告 “ ”ꎬ ꎮ (51) 发现 %的消费者会放弃当下经常购买的品牌 转向其他能够提供更加清晰准确的产品信息的 ꎬ 39 ꎬ 品牌 对此 食品制造商纷纷开始采用新的标签来满足消费者的要求 试图让自身产品在竞争中 ꎮ ꎬ ꎬ 占据优势 同时增加利润 ꎬ ꎮ 这一策略直观看来似乎有道理 如果消费者提出信息透明的要求 那么便告知消费者产品里 ꎮ ꎬ 到底含有什么 但这只是在满足特定的需求 但是 作为对消费者的信息透明需求的回应 ꎮ ꎮ (52) ꎬ ꎬ 这种营销策略已不止于阐明产品成分 而是进一步标明食品中 没有 的内容 这些标签被称为 ꎬ “ ” ꎮ 零添加声明 标签 它们代表了一种新兴的标签趋势 这对购买产品的消费者和供应产品的行 “ ” ꎬ ꎬ 业都有害 ꎮ 例如 汉斯公司几年前便在其罐装番茄碎上贴上了 非转基因 标签 尽管当时市场上并没 ꎬ “ ” ꎬ 有转基因番茄这类商品 一些乳品公司也在牛奶产品上贴上 非转基因 标签 但事实上 ꎮ (53) “ ” ꎬ 所有牛奶都是天然非转基因的 这又是一个可能制造对食品不必要的恐惧的标签 ꎬ ꎮ 虽然利用消费者对食品的恐惧和误解来制作标签可能会让企业获得暂时的营销优势 使其 ꎬ 在杂货店过道摆放的竞品中脱颖而出 但从长远来看 这种策略会产生截然相反的效果 让恐 ꎬ ꎬ : 惧情绪蔓延到有关食品的讨论中 我们便可能削弱消费者对单一产品 乃至对整个食品行业的 ꎬ ꎬ 信任 ꎮ 最终 这会成为消费者心中的一个疑问 这些食品是否安全 我是否因为购买和消费这类产 ꎬ : ? 品 而对家人或地球造成了某种伤害 对食品制造商而言 这将意味着消费者信任的削弱 ꎬ ? (54) ꎬ 以及销售额的普遍下降 而且 这不仅仅是推测 最近一项研究发现 即使没有科学证据表明 ꎮ ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ 零添加声明 会造成任何损害 它依然会让食品蒙上污名 “ ” ꎬ ꎮ 显然 食品制造商在采用 零添加声明 时必须谨慎行事 除了可能对销售产生长期 (55) ꎬ “ ” ꎮ 负面影响外 这种表述上的伎俩还传递出一个信息 即农业和食品加工创新并不受欢迎 逐渐导 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 致生产效率降低 消费者选择减少 最终使食品价格上升 如果我们容许这种标签继续存在 各 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ 方都将遭受损失 ꎮ 答案详解 What trend has been observed in a report 一份报告观察到了什么趋势 51􀆰 ? ( ?) A Food manufacturers􀆳 rising awareness of product safety 食品制造商对产品安全的认识不断 ) 􀆰 ( 提高 ꎮ) B Food manufacturers􀆳 changing strategies to bolster profits 食品制造商改变策略以增加 ) 􀆰 ( 盈利 ꎮ) — 36 —C Consumers􀆳 growing demand for eye ̄catching food labels 消费者对醒目的食品标签的需求 ) 􀆰 ( 不断增加 ꎮ) D) Consumers􀆳 increasing desire for clear product information (消费者对清晰的产品信息的 􀆰 渴望不断增加ꎮ) 【解析】 由trend a report和题文同序原则可定位到第 段第 句 文中提到 一份报告发现 、 1 3 ꎮ ꎬ ꎬ %的消费者放弃自己现在购买的品牌 转而购买有更清晰 具体生产信息的品牌 39 ꎬ 、 ꎮ 因此选D项 原文提到 食品生产商响应报告中的需求 增加新标签 但此举是出 ꎮ ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 于盈利 并非他们自身的认识提高了 故排除选项A 选项B表述符合原文 但这不 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ 是报告体现的趋势 故排除 原文提到更清晰具体的标签 但不能等同于 更吸引人 ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ “ 眼球的 选项C偷换概念 故排除 ”ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ What does the author say is manufacturers􀆳 new marketing strategy 据作者所说 制造商的新营 52􀆰 ? ( ꎬ 销策略是什么 ?) A) Stressing the absence of certain elements in their products (强调产品中不存在某些 􀆰 成分ꎮ) B Articulating the unique nutritional value of their products 阐明产品的独特营养价值 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C Supplying detailed information of their products 提供产品的详细信息 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D Designing transparent labels for their products 为产品设计透明标签 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 由manufacturers􀆳 new marketing strategy可定位到第 段第 句 文中提到 但是为回 2 4 ꎮ ꎬ 应消费者需求制定的营销策略已经不止于标明产品中有什么 还要标明食物中没有什 ꎬ 么 因此选A项 选项B D文中均未提及 故排除 选项C表述符合原文 但这不 ꎮ ꎮ 、 ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ 是食品生产商的最新策略 故排除 ꎬ ꎮ What point does the author make about non ̄GMO labels 作者对非转基因标签发表了什么 53􀆰 ? ( 观点 ?) A They are increasingly attracting customers􀆳 attention 它们越来越吸引顾客的注意 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B They create lots of trouble for GMO food producers 它们给转基因食品生产商带来很多 ) 􀆰 ( 麻烦 ꎮ) C They should be used more for vegetables and milk 它们应该更多地用于蔬菜和牛奶 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D) They cause anxiety about food among consumers (它们在消费者中引发对食物的焦虑ꎮ) 􀆰 【解析】 由non ̄GMO labels可定位到第 段第 句 文中提到 一些乳品公司在牛奶上标注 3 2 ꎮ ꎬ 转基因 但其实所有的牛奶天然就是非转基因的 这又是一个引发对食品不必要 “ ”ꎬ ꎬ 的恐慌的标签 因此选D项 原文没有提到标签上的 非转基因 标识是否越来越 ꎮ ꎮ “ ” 吸引消费者的注意 故排除选项A 选项B文中未提及 故排除 原文只提到一些乳 ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ ꎮ 制品公司在其乳制品上贴 非转基因 标签 没有说应该被更多地用于蔬菜和牛奶 “ ” ꎬ ꎬ 故排除选项C ꎮ — 37 —What doestheauthorsay absenceclaimslabelswill do to food manufacturers 据作者所说 零添 54􀆰 ? ( ꎬ “ 加声明 标签会对食品制造商造成什么影响 ” ?) A Cause changes in their marketing strategies 引发营销策略的改变 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B Help remove stigma around their products 帮助消除产品遭受的污名 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) C) Erode consumer trust and reduce sales (削弱消费者的信任ꎬ 降低销量ꎮ) 􀆰 D Decrease support from food scientists 减少来自食品科学家的支持 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) 【解析】 由absence claims labels和food manufacturers可定位到第 段第 句 文中提到 对于 5 3 ꎮ ꎬ 食品制造商来说 使用 零添加声明 标签意味着消费者信任的削弱以及销售额的下 ꎬ “ ” 滑 因此选C项 原文提到 营销策略的转变导致削弱消费者对产品和行业的信任 ꎮ ꎮ ꎬ ꎬ 而不是消费者不再信任导致营销策略转变 选项A颠倒因果 故排除 原文说 零添 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ “ 加声明 标签可能会引发对食物的污名化 而非消除污名 故选项B 选项D文中未 ” ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ 提及 故排除 ꎬ ꎮ What does the author suggest food manufacturers do 作者建议食品制造商做什么 55􀆰 ? ( ?) A Take measures to lower the cost of food products 采取措施降低食品的成本 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) B) Exercise caution about the use of absence claims (谨慎使用零添加声明ꎮ) 􀆰 C Welcome new innovations in food processing 欢迎食品加工方面的创新 ) 􀆰 ( ꎮ) D Promote efficiency and increase food variety 提升效率 增加食品种类 ) 􀆰 ( ꎬ ꎮ) 【解析】 由the author suggest 和 food manufacturers 可定位到第 段首句 文中提到 在使用 6 ꎮ ꎬ 零添加 声明时 食品生产商必须小心行事 因此选 B项 原文提到 零添加标签 “ ” ꎬ ꎮ ꎮ ꎬ 会传递 农业和食品工业的创新不可接受 这种信息 即大众不接受这方面的创新 “ ” ꎬ ꎬ 故排除C项 文中提到 零添加标签导致低效 消费者选择变少 食品价格上升 选 ꎮ ꎬ 、 、 ꎬ 项A D与原文矛盾 且均不是作者的建议 故排除 、 ꎬ ꎬ ꎮ Part Ⅳ Translation 参考译文 Located at No Xingye Road in Shanghai the site of the First National Congress of the 􀆰 76 ꎬ Communist Party of China is a typical Shanghai ̄style house built in the autumn of On July 1920􀆰 23ꎬ the first National Congress of the Communist Party of China was held here which passed the first 1921ꎬ ꎬ creed and first resolution of the Communist Party of China CPC elected the central leadership and ( )ꎬ ꎬ announced the birth of the CPC In September the site was renovated and a memorial hall was 􀆰 1952ꎬ ꎬ established and open to the public In addition to introducing the representatives who attended the 􀆰 Congress the Memorial Hall also presents the CPC􀆳s historical development It has become a patriotic ꎬ 􀆰 education base for us to understand the history of the CPC and to memorize the revolutionary martyrs 􀆰 — 38 —译文评析 第 句句子较长 包含了两个信息 一是中共第一次全国代表大会的地址 二是该建筑的 1􀆰 1 ꎬ ꎬ ꎬ 风格和修建时间 考生可根据这两处信息拆分句子 可将 中国共产党第一次全国代表大会会址 ꎬ ꎮ “ 是一栋典型的上海式住宅 作为主干 位于上海兴业路 号 译为分词短语作为地点状语 ” ꎬ “ 76 ” ꎬ 建于 年秋 译为过去分词短语后置修饰 住宅 位于 可直接译为 located at 会址 “ 1920 ” “ ”ꎮ “ ” ꎻ “ ” 直接对应site 建于 可译为built in 时间 ꎻ “ ” + ꎮ 第 句句子很长 结构较复杂 包含两处信息 大会召开的时间和大会的内容 可据此拆 2􀆰 2 ꎬ ꎬ : ꎬ 分句子 将 大会在此召开 作为主干 年 月 日 为时间状语 通过了 诞生 ꎬ “ ” ꎬ “1921 7 23 ” ꎬ “ 􀆺􀆺 ” 译为which引导的非限定性定语从句修饰 大会 纲领 可直接译为 creed 也可灵活译为 “ ”ꎮ “ ” ꎬ guiding principle 选举产生了 意思就是 选举了 可译为elect ꎻ “ ” “ ”ꎬ ꎮ 第 句句子较短 介绍了中共一大会址的后续规划 可将 会址修复 和 建立纪念馆并 3􀆰 3 ꎬ ꎬ “ ” “ 对外开放 分别译出 用 and 连接 注意大运河是被修建 动词应用被动语态 会址是 被修 ” ꎬ ꎮ ꎬ ꎮ “ 复 纪念馆是 被修建 故须译为被动语态 be renovated be established 对外开放 可直接 ”ꎬ “ ”ꎬ 、 ꎻ “ ” 译为be open to the public ꎮ 第 句句子较长 描述纪念馆的内容和地位 可将 纪念馆介绍党的历史发展进程 作为 4􀆰 4 ꎬ ꎬ “ ” 主干 除了介绍参加一大的代表之外 可用 in addition to 引导 译为介词短语放句首表伴随 ꎬ “ ” ꎬ ꎬ 现已成为 教育基地 可译为定语从句 也可直接另起一句 本句中出现了两个 介绍 为 “ 􀆺􀆺 ” ꎬ ꎮ “ ”ꎬ 避免重复可将后一个替换为present 展示 历史发展进程 的意思就是 历史上的发展 可 ( )ꎻ “ ” “ ”ꎬ 直接译为historical development 了解党史 的逻辑主语是人或者 我们 需要译出 可在 a ꎮ “ ” “ ”ꎬ ꎬ patriotic education base后加for us to do sth结构 缅怀 可译为memorize或remember 革命先 + ꎻ “ ” ꎻ “ 烈 固定译为revolutionary martyrs ” ꎮ — 39 —