文档内容
2019年12月四级真题（第3套）
Part I Writing (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a letter to a foreign friend who wants to study in
China. Please recommend a university to him. You should write at least 120 words but no more than] 80 words
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
牛寺另肵兑明
四级考试每次仅考两套听力
第三套听力试题同第一套或第二套试题一致
Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank
from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before
making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for
each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank
more than once.
If
Millions of people travel by plane every匀ngle day. you're pla皿ng on being one of them soon, you might
not be loo灼ng forward to the 26 feeling air travel often leaves you with
Besides the airport crowds and stress, travelling at a high altitude has real effects on the body. Although the
pressure of the cabin is 27 to prevent altitude sickness, you could still 28 sleep皿ss or a headache. The
lower oxygen pressure found in an aircraft cabin is 29 to that at 6,000-8,000 feet of altitude. A drop in oxygen
pressure can cause headaches in cert扣n 30 . To help prevent headaches, drink plenty of water, and avoid
alcohol and coffee
Airplane food might not really be as tasteless as you 31 thought. The air you breathe in a plane dries out
your mouth and nose, which can affect your sense of taste. Perception of sweet and salty foods dropped by almost
30 percent in a simulation of air travel. However, you can make your taste buds active ag扣n by dri心ng water. A
dry mouth may 32 taste sensitivity, but taste is restored by dri心ng fluids
Although证flight infections 33 in dry environments like airplanes, your risk of ge山ng sick from an
airplane is actually low because of the air 34 used. Unless you're si山ng next to someone who is coughing or
snee刀ng, you shouldn't worry too much about ge山ng sick. However, bacteria have been shown to live on cabin
surfaces, so wash your hands 3 5
I)
A)adjusted particular
B)channels J)primarily
C)equivalent K)reduce
D)expenence L)renovated
E)filters M)smooth
F)
frequently N)thrive
- 1 -G)individuals 0)unpleasant
H)originally
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement
contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.
You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by
marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2
A South Korean city designed for the future takes on a life of its own
[A]Get血g around a city is one伽ng—and then there's the matter of ge山ng from one city to another. One
v1s10n of the perfect city of the future is a place that offers easy access to air travel. In 2011, a University of North
Carolina bu匀ness professor named John Kasarda published a book called Aerotropolis: The Way We'll Live Next.
Kasarda says future cities should be built intentionally around or near airports.T he idea, as he has put it, is to
offer bu匀nesses"rapid, long-distance connectivity on a massive scale "
(水运的）
[B] "The 18th century really was a waterborne century, the 19th century a rail century, the 20th
century a highway, car, truck century—and the 21 st century will increa匀ngly be an aviation century, as the globe
becomes increa匀ngly connected by air," Kasarda says. Songdo, a city built from scratch in South Korea, is one of
Kasarda's prime examples. It has existed for just a few years. "From the outset, it was designed on the basis of
connectivity and competitiveness," says Kasarda. "The government built the bridge directly from the airport to the
Songdo International Bu匀ness District. And the surface infrastructure was built at the same time as the new
airport
(枢纽）.
[C]Songdo is a stone's throw from South Korea's Incheon Airport, its main international hub But it
takes a lot more than a nearby airport to be a city of the future. Just buil小ng a place as an "international bu匀ness
district" doesn't mean it will become one. Park Yeon Soo conceived(构想）this city of the future back in 1986. He
considers Songdo his baby. Park sees himself as a visionary. Thirty years after he imag皿d the city, Park's baby
is close to 70 percent built, with 36,000 people living in the bu匀ness district and 90,000 residents in greater
Songdo. It's about an hour outside Seoul, built on fom记r tidal flats along the Yello w Sea.T here's a Coast Guard
buil小ng and a tall trade tower, as well as a park, golf course and university
[D]Chances are you've actually seen this place. Songdo appears in the most famous music video ever to
come out of South Korea. "Gangnam Style" refers to the fashionable Gangnam district in Seoul. But some of the
video was filmed in Songdo. "I don't know if you remember, there was a scene in a subway station. That was not
Gangnam. That was actually Songdo," says Jung Won Son, a professor of urban development at London's Bartlett
School of Planning. "Part of the reason to shoot there is that it's new and血e"
[E]The city was supposed to be a hub for global compa血s, with employees from all over the world. But
that's not how it has turned out. Songdo's reputation is as a futuristic ghost town. But the reality is more
complicated. A bridge with big, light-blue loops leads血o the bu匀ness district. In the center of the m扣n road,
there's a long line of flags of the world. On the comer, there's a Starbucks and a 7-Eleven—all of the血emational
brands that you see all over the world nowadays
[F]The city is not empty. There are mothers pu啦ng baby carriages, old women with walkers—even in the
皿ddle of the day, when it's 90 degrees out. Byun Young-Jin chairs the Songdo real estate association and started
selling property here when the first phase of the city opened in 2005. He says demand has boomed in.the past
couple of years. Most of his clients are Korean. In fact, the developer says, 99 percent of the homes here are sold
to Koreans. Young families move here because the schools are great. And that's the problem: Songdo has become
a popular Korean city—more popular as a residential area than a bu匀ness one. It's not yet the futuristic
血emational bu匀ness hub that planners imag皿d. "It's a great place to live. And it's beco血ng a great place to
work," says Scott Summers, vice president of Gale International, the developer of the city. The floor-to-ceiling
灼ndows of his company's offices overlook Songdo Central Park, with a canal full of small boats and people
闪烁的）
fi啦ng. Shimmering( glass towers line the canal's edge
[G ] "What's happened is that our focus on crea血g that quality of life first has enabled the residents to live
here," Summers says. But there needs to be strong economic incentives for companies to locate here. The city is
still un伽ished, and it feels a bit like a theme park. It doesn't feel all that futuristic. There's a high-tech
- 2 -underground trash disposal system. Buildings are environmentally friendly. Everybody's television set 1s
connected to a system that streams personalized language or exercise classes
[H] But this is not Star Trek. And to some of the residents, Songdo feels hollow. "I'm, like, in prison for
weekdays. That's what we call it in the workplace," says a woman in her 20s. She doesn't want to use her name
for fear of being fired from her job. She goes back to Seoul every weekend. "I say I'm prison-brea灼ng on Friday
nights." But she has to make the prison break in her own car. There's no high-speed tr扣n conne叫ng Songdo to
Seoul, just over 20 miles away
Y
[I] Park eon Soo, the man who first imag皿d Songdo, feels frustrated, too. He says he built South Korea a
luxury vehicle, "like Mercedes or BMW. It's a good car now. But we're waiting for a good driver to accelerate."
But there are lots of other good cars out there, too. The world is dotted with futuristic, high-tech cities trying to
attract the biggest international companies
[ J] Songdo's backers contend that it's still early, and bu匀ness space is filling up—about 70 percent of
伽ished offices are now occupied. Brent Ryan, who teaches urban design at MIT, says Songdo proves a universal
(鸟托邦的）
p门nciple. "There have been a lot of utopian cities in history. And the reason we don't know about a lot
of them is that they have v画shed entirely." In other words, when it comes to cities—or anything else—it is hard
to predict the future
3 6.S ongdo's popularity lies more in its quality of life than its bu匀nessattraction
3 7. The man who conceived Songdo feels disappo血ed because it has fallen short of his expectations
3 8 .A scene in a popular South Korean music video was shot in Songdo
39.Songdo still lacks the financial stimulus for bu匀nessesto set up shop there
40.Airplanes will increa匀ngly become the chief means of transportation, acco咄ng to a professor
41.Songdo has ended up different from the city it was supposed to be
42.Some of the people who work in Songdo compl扣n about boredom in the workplace
43.A bu匀nessprofessor says that a future city should have easy access to血emational transportation
44.Acco咄ng to an urban design professor, it is difficult for city designers to foresee what will happen m
the future
Y
45.Park eon Soo, who envisioned Songdo, feels a parental connection with the city
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best
choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
(征税）
The fifth largest city in the US passed a significant soda tax proposal that will levy I .Scents per liquid
ounce on distributors
Philadelphia 's new measure was approved by a 13 to 4 city council vote. It sets a new bar for similar
initiatives across the country. It is proof that taxes on sugary drinks can灼n substantial support outside super
_
liberal areas. Until now, the only city to successfully pass and implement a soda tax was Berkeley, California, in
2014
The tax will apply to regular and diet sodas, as well as other drinks with added sugar, such as Gatorade and
iced teas. It's expected to raise $410 million over the next five years, most of which will go toward funding
a universal pre如ndergarten program for the city
- 3 -While the city council vote was met with applause inside the council room, opponents to the measure,
mcluding soda lobbyists, made sharp criticisms and a promise to challenge the tax in court
"The tax passed today unfairly匀ngles out beverages—including low-and no-calorie choices," said Lauren
Kane, spokeswoman for the American Beverage Association. "But most importantly, it is ag扣nst the law. So we
will side with the majority oft he people ofP hiladelphia who oppose this tax and take legal action to stop it "
An industry-backed anti-tax campaign has spent at least $4 million on advertisements. The ads criticized the
measure, character迈ng it as a "grocery tax "
Public health groups applauded the approved tax as a step toward fixing cert扣n las血g health issues that
plague Americans. "The move to recapture a small part of the profits from an industry that pushes a product that
contributes to diabetes, obesity and heart disease in poorer commu血ies in order to reinvest in those commu血ies
will sure be inspirational to many other places," said Jim Krieger, executive director of Healthy Food America
"Indeed, we are already hea门ng from some oft hem. It's not'just Berkeley'anymore "
Similar measures in California's Albany, Oakland, San Francisco and Colorado's Boulder are beco血ng hot
button issues. Health advocacy groups have h血edthat even more might be co血ng
46.What does the passage say about the newly-approved soda tax in Philadelphia?
A)It will change the lifestyle ofm any consumers
B)It may encourage other US cities to follow suit
C)It will cut soda consumption among low-income communities
D)It may influence the marke血g strategies oft he soda busmess
47.What will the opponents probably do to respond to the soda tax proposal?
A)Barg扣n with the city council B)Refuse to pay additional tax
C)Take legal action against it D)Try to灼npublic support
48.What did the industry-backed anti-tax campaign do about the soda tax proposal?
A)It tried to arouse hostile feelings among consumers. B) It tried to win grocers'support ag扣nstthe measure
C)It kept sen小ng letters of protest to the media. D)It criticized the measure through advertismg
49.What did public health groups think the soda tax would do?
A)A lert people to the risk ofs uga曰nduced diseases. B)Help people to fix cert扣nlong-time health issues
C)Add to the fund for their research on diseases. D)Benefit low-income people across the country
50.What do we learn about similar measures conce血ng the soda tax in some other cities ?
A)T hey are beco血ng rather sensitive issues
B)T hey are sprea小ng panic in the soda industry
C) They are reducing the incidence ofs ugar-induced diseases
D) They are ta灼ng away a lot ofp rofit from the sod缸ndustry
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Popping food into the microwave for a couple of血nutes may seem utterly harmless, but Europe's stock of
these quick-coo灼ng ovens emit as much carbon as nearly 7 million cars, a new study has found. And the problem
- 4 -1s growmg. With costs falling and kitchen ap�liances beco血ng "status" items, owners are thro灼ng away
microwaves after an average of eight years. This 1s pu啦ng sales of new microwaves which are expected to reach
13 5 million annually in the EU by the end of the decade
A study by the University of Manchester calculated the emissions of CO2 —the main gree咄ouse gas
responsible for climate change—at every stage of microwaves, from manufacture to waste disposal. "It is
electricity consumption by microwaves that has the biggest impact on the environment," say the authors. The
authors also calculate that the emissions from u匀ng 19 microwaves over a year are the same as those from u匀ng a
car. Acco咄ng to the same study, efforts to reduce consumption should focus on improving consumer awareness
and behaviour. For example, consumers could use appliances in a more efficient way by adjus血g the time of
coo灼ngto the type of food
However, David Reay, professor of carbon management, argues that, although microwaves use a great deal
of energy, their emissions are 血nor compared to those from cars. In the UK alone, there are around 30 million
cars. These cars emit more than all the microwaves in the EU. Bac灼ng this up, recent data show that passenger
cars in the UK emitted 69 million tons of CO2 in 2015. This is IO times the amount this new microwave oven
study estimates for annual emissions for all the microwave ovens in the EU. Further, the energy used by
microwaves is lower than any other form of coo灼ng. Among common kitchen appliances used for coo灼ng,
microwaves are the most energy efficient, followed by a stove and finally a standard oven. Thus, r函ng microwave
sales could be seen as a positive thing
51.What is the fin小ng of the new study?
A) Quick-coo灼ng microwave ovens have become more popular
B) The frequent use of microwaves may do harm to our health
C) CO2 emissions constitute a major threat to the environment
D) The use of microwaves emits more CO2 than people think
52.Why are the sales of microwaves expected to rise?
A) They are beco血ng more affordable
B) They have a shorter life cycle than other appliances
C) They are get血g much easier to operate
D) They take less time to cook than other appliances
53.What recommendation does the study by the University of Manchester make?
A) Coo灼ng food of different varieties B)I mproving microwave users'habits
C)Ea血g less to cut energy consumption D)U匀ng microwave ovens less frequently
54.What does Professor David Reay try to argue?
A) There are far more emissions from cars than from microwaves
B)P eople should be persuaded血OU匀ng passenger cars less often
C) The UK produces less CO2 than many other countries in the EU
D)M ore data are needed to show whether microwaves are harmful
55.What does Professor David Reay think of the use of microwaves?
A)I t will become less popular in the co血ng decades
B)I t makes everyday coo灼ng much more convenient
C)I t plays a positive role in environmental protection
D)I t consumes more power than conventional coo灼ng
- 5 -Translation
Pa． rt IV (30
mmutes)
Directions :For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You
should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2
中国汉族人的全名由姓和名组成。中文姓名的特点是， 姓总是在前， 名跟在其后。千百年来， 父姓一直
世代相传。然而， 如今， 孩子跟母亲姓并不罕见。一般来说名有一个或两个汉字， 通常承载父母对孩子的愿
望。从孩子的名字可以推断出父母希望孩子成为什么样的人， 或者期望他们过什么样的生活。父母非常重视
给孩子取名， 因为名字往往会伴随孩子一生。
- 6 -
