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七年级英语下册期中考试复习宝典
核心语法
语法精讲 1
情态动词can的用法
1.can的个性展示
can本身有一定含义,但不能独立存在,它必须与动词原形一起构成谓语.情态动词can没有人称和数的变化.
2.can的具体用法
I can speak English.我会说英语.
意为“能,会”,指脑力或体力方面的“能力”
Jim can swim, but I can't.吉姆会游泳,但我不会.
表示许可,意为“可以”,常用于口语中,这时相当于 Can/May I come in?我可以进来吗?
may
3.can的句式表演
肯定句句式 主语＋can+动词原形十其他
否定句句式 主语＋can't+动词原形＋其他
Can+主语十动词原形十其他?
一般疑问句句式及答语 肯定回答:Yes,主语＋can.
否定回答:No,主语＋can't.
特殊疑问句 特殊疑问词＋can+主语十动词原形十其他?
4.can的巧记口诀
表能力,要用can.陈述句里记特点.
肯定can后加动原,否定can后not连.
疑问句,can提前.
肯定回答“Yes,主语＋can”.
否定回答“No,主语＋can't.,”记心间.
语法精练
1.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.I can't________ (write) stories, Can you help me, Mary?
2. My mother can________ (speak) English very well.3.What can your brother________ (do)?
4.Miss Lin can't play the piano, but she can________ (sing)well.
5.Little Tom can draw, but he________ (can not) dance.
答案:
1.1.write 2.speak 3.do 4.sing 5.can't
II.单项选择
1.(2022·百色中考)- ________ you tell us a story in English?
-I think I can do it. Let me try.
A. Need B. Can C. Should D. Must
2.(2022·北京中考)- ________ I take photos here?
-Sorry, you can't. It's not allowed in the museum.
A. Must B. Need C. Can D. Will
3.We should learn some basic life skills since we________ depend on our parents some day.
A. can B. can't C. must D. mustn't
4. -What kind of music do you like?
-I like music that I________ dance to.
A. can B. must C. should D. need
5.(2022·成都中考)-There is a new art museum in our city. You________ miss it.
-Thank you. I won't.
A. can't B. must C. needn't
答案:
1.B 考查情态动词辨析.句意:－你能用英语给我们讲一个故事吗？－我认为我能.让我试试.need需要;can能;
should应当;must必须.故选B.
2.C 考查情态动词辨析.句意:－我能在这里拍照吗？－抱歉,你不能.博物馆不允许拍照.must必须;need需
要;can能;will将.故选C.
3.B 考查情态动词辨析.句意:既然我们有一天不能依靠父母,我们就应当学会一些基本的生活技能.can
能;can't不能;must必须;mustn't不应该.故选B.
4.A 考查情态动词辨析.句意:－你喜欢哪种音乐？－我喜欢能伴着跳舞的音乐.can能;must 必须;should应当;
need需要.故选A.
5.A 考查情态动词辨析.句意:－我们城市有一个新的艺术博物馆.你不能错过它.－谢谢.我不会的.can't不
能;must必须;needn't不必.故选A.
III.按要求改写句子(每空一词)1.My father can speak English well.(改为一般疑问句)
________ your father________ English well?
2.Tom can ride a horse.(改为否定句)
Tom________ ________ a horse.
3.Mr.Green can do Chinese kung fu.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ Mr. Green________?
4.Can Tom and Jim draw pictures?(作肯定回答)
Yes, ________ ________.
5.play,can,Cindy,well,the,guitar(连词成句)
___________________________________________________________________________________________?
答案:
1.Can;speak 2. can't ride 3.What can; do 4.they can
5.Can Cindy play the guitar well
语法精讲2
一、频度副词
定义 用来表示频率的副词,叫频度副词.常见的频度副词有:always, usually, often, sometimes, never等
频度 He is always busy.他总是很忙.
通常在be动词、助动词或情态动词之后
副词 I will never forget you.我永远也不会忘记你.
在句 通常位于实义动词之前 They often go swimming.他们经常去游泳.
中的
sometimes可放在句首、句中或句尾 Sometimes she watches TV.她有时看电视.
位置
-How often do you drink milk?-你多久喝一次牛奶?
提问 how often意为“多久一次”
-Every day.-每天.
二、一般现在时
定义 表达现在的状态,主语的性格、能力以及经常或习惯性的动作等
He usually takes the bus to school.
主语是第三人称单数时,谓语动词用第三人称单数形式
动词形 他通常乘坐公交车去上学.
态变化 They watch TV every day.
主语不是第三人称单数,谓语动词用原形
他们每天都看电视.
三、句式结构
肯定句句式 主语＋be/行为动词＋其他
句式结构
否定句句式 主语＋be+ not+其他主语＋don't/doesn't＋动词原形＋其他
Be+主语＋其他?
一般疑问句句式
Do/Does+主语十动词原形十其他?
语法精练
1.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1.Mary usually________ (go) shopping with her mother on Sunday.
2. ________ (do)Peter________ (take)a shower in the evening or in the morning?
3.Lisa________ (not do) her homework in the evening.
4.She never________ (eat) hamburgers for lunch.
5.-What time Jack________ (go) to bed?
-At 10:30 p.m.
答案:
1.goes 2.Does;take 3.doesn't do 4.eats 5.does;go
II.按要求改写句子(每空一词)
1.Mr. Green usually goes to work at seven o'clock.(改为一般疑问句)
________ Mr. Green usually________ to work at seven o'clock?
2.Anna always plays volleyball after school.(改为否定句)
Anna________ plays volleyball after school.
3.I do my homework at home on weekends.(改为否定句)
I________ ________ my homework at home on weekends.
4.Lisa sometimes eats bread for breakfast.(对画线部分提问)
________ ________ ________ Lisa________ bread for breakfast?
5.They usually exercise in the morning.(用 he改写句子)
________ usually________ in the morning.
答案:
1.Does;go 2.never 3.don't do 4.How often does; eat 5.He;exercises
语法精讲3
一、how引导的特殊疑问句1.直接由how引导的特殊疑问句
询问交通方式 How does she get to school?她是如何到校的?
询问身体状况 How are your parents?你父母身体好吗?
询问天气状况 How is the weather today?今天天气怎么样?
询问程度 How do you like the TV show?你觉得这个电视节目怎么样?
2.由“how+形容词／副词”引导的特殊疑问句
how long 意为“多长”,询问时间或物体的长度
how far 意为“多远”,询问距离
how often 意为“多久一次”,询问频率
how old 意为“多大”,询问年龄
how many 意为“多少”,询问可数名词的数量
意为“多少”,询问不可数名词的数量
how much
意为“多少钱”,询问价格
二、交通方式的表达
1.take a/the+交通工具
take a/the subway/bus/train/boat乘地铁／公共汽车／火车／船
2.其他表达方式
动词(短语)
walk 步行
ride a/the/one's bike 骑自行车
drive a car 开车
1.by+交通工具
by bike骑自行车
by car/bus/train/subway/boat乘车／公共汽车／火车／地铁／船
2.in/on+限定词十交通工具
介词(短语)
on the bus 乘公共汽车
in a car 乘车
3.固定表达方式
on foot 步行
语法精练
I.根据句意填写疑问词(组),完成句子
1.- _________ does Linda get to school?
-She takes the bus.
2.- _________ _________ does it take you to get home from work?-About twenty minutes.
3.- _________ _________ is it from here?
-One hundred kilometers.
4.-I walk to school. _________ about you, Jane?
-I ride my bike.
5.- _________ _________ people are there in the photo?
-Six.
答案:
1.How 2.How long 3.How far 4.How 5.How many
II.单项选择
1.(2022·安徽滁州凤阳博文国际学校期末) I usually_________ to the bus stop, and then go to school by bus.
A. by bike B. on my bike C. in my bike D. ride my bike
2.- _________ does Bob usually go to work?
-He usually rides his bike.
A. What B. How C. Where D. Who
3.(2022·浙江杭州萧山城区期中)-Excuse me. _________ is it to the East Station?
-About half an hour by taxi.
A. How many B. How long C. How far D. How old
4.- _________ do you visit Uncle Tom?
-Once a week.
A. How long B. How often C. How soon
答案:
1.D 考查动词短语的用法.句意:我通常骑自行车到公交站,然后坐公交上学.I后面需要一个动词短语.故选D.
2.B 考查疑问词辨析.由答语“他通常骑自行车”可知,问句是询问上班的交通方式.故选B.
3.C 考查疑问词组辨析.句意:－打扰一下.到东站有多远?－－坐出租车大约半个小时.how many多少;how
long 多久;how far多远;how old几岁.故选C.
4.B 考查特殊疑问词组辨析.由答语“每周一次”可知,问句是询问“你多久拜访一次汤姆叔叔”.提问频率
用how often.故选B.
语法精讲4一、祈使句
1.祈使句的定义
表示请求、命令、建议、警告、劝说等的句子叫祈使句.在祈使句中,肯定句一般以动词原形开头,通常
省略主语you;否定句在动词原形前加don't.
2.祈使句的句式结构
祈使句句式 肯定句句式 否定句句式
P型:Please十动词原形十其他 Please stand up. Please don't stand up.
V型:动词原形十其他 Look at the blackboard. Don't look at the blackboard.
L型:Let+宾语十动词原形＋其他 Let her go. Don't let her go./ Let her not go.
B型:Be+表语 Be careful. Don't be late for class!
N型:No+名词／动名词 ／ No photos! No parking!
3.祈使句用法口诀
祈使句,祈使句,请求、命令或建议.
主语是you常省去,动词原形开头记.
否定形式要注意,句首要把don't加.
要讲客气用please,句首、句末没关系.
二、must和 have to辨析
1.两者均意为“必须”.must更强调说话者的主观意愿,have to强调客观需要,意为“不得不”.
2.must一般只表示现在,没有人称和数的变化;而have to则可以用于不同的时态,有人称和数的变化.
3.两者的否定式含义大不相同.mustn't 意为“不准;禁止”,而don't have to意为“不必”.
【注意】以must开头的一般疑问句,其肯定回答用must;否定回答用needn't或don't have to.
语法精练
1.用所给单词的适当形式填空
1. _________ (finish)your homework first.
2. _________ (not come) to the zoo before 6 o'clock, please.
3.Please_________ (be) quiet in the room.
4.No_________ (swim) in the river!
5.They have to_________ (do) their homework when they get home.
答案:
1.Finish 2.Don't come 3.be 4.swimming 5.doII.单项选择
1.(2022·广西河池凤山期末) _________ play the guitar here, Jack. It's too noisy.
A. Can't B. No C. Don't D. Doesn't
2.(2022·湖南郴州期末)-Jack, _________ leave the dirty dishes in the kitchen!
-Sorry, Mom.
A. can't B. doesn't C. don't
3.(2022·湖南株洲攸县期末) _________ run in the hallway, children!
A. Don't B. Not C. Can't
4.(2022·江西宜春期末)-Can I go out with Lisa, Dad?
-Yes, but you_________ come back home before five o'clock, You'll have an art lesson then.
A. must B. can C. mustn't D. can't
5.(2022·浙江宁波海曙区期中)We_________ be noisy in the library and we_________ keep the books clean.
A. have to; must B. must; can't C. have to; can't D. can't; have to
答案:
1.C 考查祈使句.句意:不要在这里弹吉他,杰克.太吵了.祈使句的否定句是“Don't+动词原形”.故选C.
2.C 考查祈使句.句意:－Jack,不要把脏餐具留在厨房里.－抱歉,妈妈.祈使句的否定句是“Don't+动词原形”.
故选C.
3.A 考查祈使句.句意:孩子们,不要在走廊里跑！祈使句的否定句是“Don't+动词原形”.故选A.
4.A 考查情态动词辨析.句意:－爸爸,我可以和丽莎出去吗?－－是的,但你必须在五点钟之前回家.那时你要
上一节艺术课.故选A.
5.D 考查情态动词辨析.句意:我们不能在图书馆里吵闹,我们必须保持干净.can't不能;have to不得不.故选D.
语法精讲5
一、形容词
形容词修饰名词,用以说明事物或人的性质和特征.它通常在句子中作定语、表语或宾语补足语等.
句中成分 说明 示例
定语 一般修饰名词,置于名词之前 She is a happy girl.她是一个幸福的女孩.
置于系动词(be, look, feel, sound等)之
表语 The girl is beautiful.这个女孩很漂亮.
后,可以被程度副词 very, too等修饰
宾语补足语 说明宾语的状态、特征等 What makes you so happy?什么使你这么开心?
二、特殊疑问句
1.定义及答语特殊疑问词引导的疑问句叫特殊疑问句,其结构为“特殊疑问词十一般疑问句?”回答特殊疑问句不能用
yes或no.回答时要针对具体情况来作出回答.
2.特殊疑问词
特殊疑问词分为两类:疑问代词和疑问副词,其用法归纳如下:
Who 意为“谁”,用于对主语(人称代词)进行提问
Whom 意为“谁”,用于对宾语(人称代词)进行提问
When 意为“何时”,用于对时间进行提问
Where 意为“哪里”,用于对具体地点进行提问
How 意为“怎样”,用于对方式进行提问
Why 意为“为什么”,用于对原因进行提问
What 意为“什么”,用于对某人的名字、职业等进行提问
Which 用于对“哪个;哪些”进行提问
【注意】由why引导的特殊疑问句,一般要用because引导的从句来回答.because是连词,作“因为”讲,其后
要接一个句子来陈述理由.例如:
-Why does she do that?-她为什么要那样做?
-Because she wants to help the person.-因为她想帮助那个人.
语法精练
I.单项选择
1.(2022·江西赣州兴国期末)-Don't be_________. Jack! Help me clean the room right now!
-OK, Mom.
A. afraid B. lazy C. shy D. quiet
2.(北京海淀区期中) _________ is Jenny from?
-She comes from the US.
A. What B. Who C. When D. Where
3.(2022·广西北海期末)- _________ do you like this book?
-Because it's exciting.
A. Why B. What C. How D. Who
4.(2022·福建莆田期末)My brother is very_________. He can always make new things.
A. smart B. busy C. kind
5.- _________ was the car invented?
-It was invented in 1885.
A. When B. Which C. Who D. Where答案:
1.B 考查形容词辨析.句意:－不要懒惰,杰克！立即帮助我清扫房间！－好的,妈妈.afraid害怕的;lazy懒惰的;
shy害羞的;quiet安静的.故选B.
2.D 考查特殊疑问词辨析.由答语“她来自美国”可知,问句是询问珍妮来自什么地方.对地方提问需用
where.故选D.
3.A 考查疑问词辨析.句意:－你为什么喜欢这本书?－因为它是令人兴奋的.why为什么;what什么;how怎
样;who谁.故选A.
4.A 考查形容词辨析.句意:我弟弟很聪明.他总是能制作新东西.smart聪明的;busy忙碌的;kind和蔼的.故选
A.
5.A 考查特殊疑问词辨析.由答语中的“在1885年”可知,问句是询问“汽车是什么时候被发明的”.对时间
提问用when.故选A.
II.对画线部分提问(每空一词)
1.Linda doesn't like math because it's difficult.
_________ _________ Linda_________ math?
2.I can see some books on the table.
_________ can you_________ on the table?
3.Mr. Green often goes to work at 7:30 in the morning.
_________ _________ Mr. Green often go to work?
4.Lions are from South Africa.
_________ _________ lions from?
5.Most students go to school by bus.
_________ _________ most students go to school?
答案:
1.Why doesn't; like 2.What;see 3.When does 4.Where are 5.How do
