文档内容
目录
11. 力................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................4
1. 力的概念及单位................................................................................................................................................................................................................4
2. 力的作用效果....................................................................................................................................................................................................................5
3. 力的三要素........................................................................................................................................................................................................................6
4. 力的表示............................................................................................................................................................................................................................7
5. 力的作用是相互的...........................................................................................................................................................................................................9
6. 放大法研究微小形变.....................................................................................................................................................................................................10
7. 阶段复习..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................12
8. 弹力..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................14
9. 探究弹簧的形变量与拉力大小的关系.........................................................................................................................................................................15
10. 弹力的大小（胡克定律）...........................................................................................................................................................................................17
11. 弹簧测力计的原理、使用及误差分析.......................................................................................................................................................................18
12. 阶段复习........................................................................................................................................................................................................................20
13. 重力的定义....................................................................................................................................................................................................................22
14. 重力的方向、作图及应用...........................................................................................................................................................................................23
15. 探究重力的大小跟质量的关系...................................................................................................................................................................................25
16. 重力与质量的辨析及计算...........................................................................................................................................................................................27
17. 重心...............................................................................................................................................................................................................................28
18. 阶段复习........................................................................................................................................................................................................................29
12. 运动和力..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................31
1. 探究阻力对物体运动的影响.........................................................................................................................................................................................31
2. 牛顿第—定律..................................................................................................................................................................................................................32
3. 惯性及其大小..................................................................................................................................................................................................................33
4. 解释生活中的陨性现象.................................................................................................................................................................................................34
5. 阶段复习..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................35
6. 探究影响物体的平衡的条件.........................................................................................................................................................................................37
7. 区别平衡力和相互作用力.............................................................................................................................................................................................38
8. 二力平衡的计算..............................................................................................................................................................................................................39
9. 合力、分力的概念（等效替代的思想）.....................................................................................................................................................................40
10. 同—直线上的二力合成法则.......................................................................................................................................................................................41
11. 同—直线上二力合成的应用.......................................................................................................................................................................................42
12. 互成角度的二力合成...................................................................................................................................................................................................43
13. 摩擦力及其分类...........................................................................................................................................................................................................44
14. 影响摩擦力大小的因素...............................................................................................................................................................................................45
15. 增大与减小摩擦力的方法...........................................................................................................................................................................................46
16. 影响摩擦力大小因素的应用.......................................................................................................................................................................................47
17. 判断摩擦力是否存在...................................................................................................................................................................................................48
18.利用二力平衡求摩擦力.................................................................................................................................................................................................49
19.多状态平衡求摩擦力.....................................................................................................................................................................................................50
20.阶段复习..........................................................................................................................................................................................................................51
13.压强（I）..................................................................................................................................................................................................................................53
2. 压力与重力、支持力的辨析.........................................................................................................................................................................................57
3. 探究压力作用效果的影响因素.....................................................................................................................................................................................58
4. 压强的定义、公式、单位、估算.................................................................................................................................................................................59
5. 固体压强计算--知二求一...............................................................................................................................................................................................60
6. 固体压强计算--柱体压强...............................................................................................................................................................................................61
7. 固压切割模型..................................................................................................................................................................................................................62
8. 固压叠加模型..................................................................................................................................................................................................................63
9. 固体压强的计算综合.....................................................................................................................................................................................................64
10. 增大和减小固体压强的方法.......................................................................................................................................................................................66
11. 阶段复习........................................................................................................................................................................................................................67
14. 压强（II）.................................................................................................................................................................................................73
1. 液体压强的产生原因.....................................................................................................................................................................................................732. 探究液体压强的特点.....................................................................................................................................................................................................74
3. 液体压强的计算（p=ρgh）...........................................................................................................................................................................................77
4. 液体压强大小比较.........................................................................................................................................................................................................79
6. 台型容器问题..................................................................................................................................................................................................................82
7. 固压液压的计算..............................................................................................................................................................................................................83
8. 帕斯卡定律......................................................................................................................................................................................................................84
9. 连通器的定义及其特点.................................................................................................................................................................................................85
10. 生活中的连通器...........................................................................................................................................................................................................86
11. 连通器的计算................................................................................................................................................................................................................87
12. 阶段复习........................................................................................................................................................................................................................88
13. 大气压强存在的实验及现象.......................................................................................................................................................................................90
14. 大气压强的产生原因及影响因素...............................................................................................................................................................................91
15. 托里拆利实验................................................................................................................................................................................................................92
16. 大气压强的特殊测量...................................................................................................................................................................................................93
17. 高压锅限压阀的受力分析...........................................................................................................................................................................................94
18. 气体压强、液体压强的平衡.......................................................................................................................................................................................95
19. 流体流速和压强的关系...............................................................................................................................................................................................96
20. 阶段复习........................................................................................................................................................................................................................98
15. 浮力..........................................................................................................................................................................................................100
1. 浮力定义及方向...........................................................................................................................................................................................................100
2. 浮力的本质....................................................................................................................................................................................................................102
3. 探究浮力的大小跟哪些因素有关...............................................................................................................................................................................103
4. 阿基米德原理（实验验证）.......................................................................................................................................................................................105
5. 对阿基米德原理的理解...............................................................................................................................................................................................107
6. 阿基米德原理的简单计算...........................................................................................................................................................................................108
7. 阿基米德原理的综合计算...........................................................................................................................................................................................109
8. 阶段复习........................................................................................................................................................................................................................110
9. 物体的浮沉条件...........................................................................................................................................................................................................113
10. 利用浮沉条件求浮力.................................................................................................................................................................................................114
11. 利用浮沉条件比较浮力大小.....................................................................................................................................................................................115
12. 浮力的应用之轮船问题.............................................................................................................................................................................................116
13. 浮力的应用之空气浮力.............................................................................................................................................................................................117
15. 浮力的应用之潜水艇.................................................................................................................................................................................................119
16. 利用浮力称量法测密度.............................................................................................................................................................................................120
17. 利用图象解决浮力计算.............................................................................................................................................................................................122
18. 阶段复习......................................................................................................................................................................................................................124
16. 功和功率..................................................................................................................................................................................................124
1. 功的定义........................................................................................................................................................................................................................126
2. 不做功的三种情况.......................................................................................................................................................................................................127
3. 比较做功的大小...........................................................................................................................................................................................................128
4. 功的简单计算(一).........................................................................................................................................................................................................129
6. 功的间接计算................................................................................................................................................................................................................131
7. 功的计算之竖拉滑轮人站地.......................................................................................................................................................................................132
8. 功的计算之竖拉滑轮人站箱.......................................................................................................................................................................................133
9. 功的计算之横拉滑轮...................................................................................................................................................................................................134
10. 功率的定义.....................................................................................................................................................................................135
11. 功率公式.........................................................................................................................................................................................136
13. 功率公式变形P=Fv的应用......................................................................................................................................................................................138
14. 滑轮组中功率的计算.................................................................................................................................................................................................139
15. 功和功率的综合计算.................................................................................................................................................................................................141
16. 阶段复习.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................................................142
17. 动能和势能............................................................................................................................................................................................................................144
1. 动能及其决定因素.......................................................................................................................................................................................................144
2. 影响动能大小的因素...................................................................................................................................................................................................1453. 判断动能的变化...........................................................................................................................................................................................................147
4. 蹦极中的动能变化.......................................................................................................................................................................................................148
5. 重力势能及其决定因素...............................................................................................................................................................................................149
6. 影响重力势能大小的因素...........................................................................................................................................................................................150
7. 判断重力势能的变化...................................................................................................................................................................................................151
8. 阶段复习........................................................................................................................................................................................................................152
9. 机械能的概念................................................................................................................................................................................................................154
10. 判断机械能的变化.....................................................................................................................................................................................................155
11. 动能与重力势能的转化.............................................................................................................................................................................................156
12. 水能和风能的利用.....................................................................................................................................................................................................158
13. 阶段复习......................................................................................................................................................................................................................159
18. 杠杆........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................161
1. 杠杆的定义及五要素...................................................................................................................................................................................................161
2. 力臂的画法....................................................................................................................................................................................................................162
3. 探究杠杆的平衡条件...................................................................................................................................................................................................164
4. 区分省力杠杆、费力杠杆、等臂杠杆.......................................................................................................................................................................165
5. 杠杆平衡的单状态计算（知三求一）.......................................................................................................................................................................167
6. 杠杆平衡的多状态计算...............................................................................................................................................................................................168
7. 杠杆的二次平衡...........................................................................................................................................................................................................169
8. 杠杆的二次平衡进阶...................................................................................................................................................................................................171
9. 杠杆平衡中的最小力问题...........................................................................................................................................................................................172
10. 杠杆平衡中的变化力问题.........................................................................................................................................................................................173
11. 杠杆和固体压强的综合.............................................................................................................................................................................................175
12. 利用杠杆测密度.........................................................................................................................................................................................................176
13. 杠杆和液体压强、浮力的综合.................................................................................................................................................................................178
14. 杠杆的多支点问题.....................................................................................................................................................................................................180
15. 阶段复习......................................................................................................................................................................................................................181
19. 滑轮........................................................................................................................................................................................................................................184
1. 滑轮的定义及分类.......................................................................................................................................................................................................184
2. 定滑轮和动滑轮特点...................................................................................................................................................................................................185
3. 滑轮的本质....................................................................................................................................................................................................................186
4. 滑轮组的绕线方式.......................................................................................................................................................................................................187
5. 滑轮组的受力分析(一根绳子)....................................................................................................................................................................................191
6. 滑轮组的受力分析n△F=△G.....................................................................................................................................................................................194
7. 滑轮组的受力分析(多根绳子)....................................................................................................................................................................................195
8. 横拉滑轮的受力分析...................................................................................................................................................................................................197
9. 滑轮组与压强浮力的综合计算...................................................................................................................................................................................198
10.滑轮组的受力分析之人站箱问题...............................................................................................................................................................................197
11. 阶段复习.....................................................................................................................................................................................................................198
20. 机械效率.........................................................................................................................................................................................................................204
1. 机械效率的定义及表达式..........................................................................................................................................................................................204
2. 功的原理.......................................................................................................................................................................................................................205
3. 机械效率和功率的概念辨析......................................................................................................................................................................................206
4. 斜面机械效率的简单计算...........................................................................................................................................................................................207
5. 滑轮机械效率的简单计算...........................................................................................................................................................................................209
6. 测量滑轮组机械效率..................................................................................................................................................................................................211
7. 机械效率的公式推导G/Nf..........................................................................................................................................................................................213
8. 机械效率的公式推导G/G+G0.....................................................................................................................................................................................214
9. 滑轮组机械效率的综合计算......................................................................................................................................................................................215
10. 复杂滑轮组的机械效率的计算.................................................................................................................................................................................219
11. 阶段复习......................................................................................................................................................................................................................221第8题：李玲同学值日时用水桶提水从一楼上到三楼， 她做的有用功是（
• A. 对桶所做的功
• B. 对水所做的功
• C. 对水和桶所做的功
• D. 对水桶和人所做的功
