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2011 年江苏省高考英语试卷解析版
参考答案与试题解析
一、听力．（共10 小题，满分30 分）
1．（1.5 分）What does the man like about the play？
A．The story．B．The ending．C．The actor．
【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】C
【点评】略
2．（1.5 分）Which place are the speakers trying to find？
A．A hotel．
B．A bank．
C．A restaurant．
【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】A
【点评】略
3．（1.5 分）At what time will the two speakers meet？
A． 5：20．
B． 5：10．
C． 4：40．
【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】B
【点评】略
4．（1.5 分）What will the man do？
A．Change the plan．
B．Wait for a phone call．
C．Sort things out．
【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】B
【点评】略
5．（1.5 分）What does the woman want to do？
A．See a film with the man．
B．Offer the man some help．
C．Listen to some great music．
【考点】15：短对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】A
【点评】略
6．（3 分）听第 6 段材料，回答第 6、7 题．
6．Where is Ben？
A．In the kitchen．B．At school．C．In the park．
7．What will the children do in the afternoon？
A．Help set the table．B．Have a party．C．Do their homework．
【考点】16：长对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】CB
【点评】略
7．（3 分）听第 7 段材料，回答第 8、9 题．
8．What are the two speakers talking about？
A．A Family holiday．B．A business trip．C．A travel plan．
9．Where did Rachel go？
A．Spain．B．Italy．C．China．
【考点】16：长对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】AC
【点评】略
8．（4.5 分）听第8 段材料，回答第10 至12 题．
10．How did the woman get to know about third﹣hand smoke？
A．From young smokers． B．Prom a newspaper article． C．From Some smoking
parents．
11．Why does the man say that he should keep away from babies？
A．He has just become a father． B．He wears dirty clothes． C．He is a smoker．
12．What does the woman suggest smoking parents should do？
A．Stop smoking altogether．
B．Smoke only outside their houses．
C．Reduce dangerous matter in cigarettes．
【考点】16：长对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】BCA
【点评】略
9．（6 分）（1）Where does Michelle Ray come from？
A． A middle﹣sized city．
B． A small town．
C． A big city．
（2）Which place would Michelle Ray take her visitors to for shopping？
A． The Zen Garden．
B． The Highlands．
C． The Red River area．
（3）What does Michelle Ray do for complete quiet？
A． Go camping．
B． Study in a library．
C． Read at home．
（4）What are the speakers talking about in general？
A． Late﹣night shopping．
B． Asian food．
C． Louisville．
【考点】16：长对话理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】ABCC
【点评】略
10．（6 分）听第10 段材料，回答第17 至20 题．
17．Why do some people say they never have dreams accdording to Dr Garfield？
A．They forget about their dreams．
B．They don't want to tell the truth．
C．They have to bad experiences．
18．Why did Davis stop having dreams？
A．He got a serious heart attack．
B．He was too sad about his brother's death．
C．He was frightened by a terrible dream．
19．What is Dr Garfield's opinion about dreaming？
A．It is very useful．
B．It makes things worse．
C．It prevents the mind from working．
20．Why do some people turn off their dreams completely？
A．To sleep better．
B．To recover from illnesses．
C．To say away from their problems．
【考点】17：短文理解．菁优网版权所有
【分析】略
【解答】略
【点评】略
二、选择题（共15 小题，每小题1 分，满分15 分）
11．（1 分）﹣I hear you ____ in a pub．what's it like？
﹣Well，it's very hand work and I'm always tired，but I don't mind．（ ）
A．are working
B．will work
C．were working
D．will be working
【考点】E4：现在进行时．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意为：﹣﹣我听说你现在在酒吧工作．那儿工作怎么样？﹣﹣这是一份困难的
工作，而且我经常很累，但是我不介意．
【解答】答案：A 这道题考查时态．从回答句的时态可看出此人现在仍在工作中，所以问句
也应用现在进行时表示动作正在进行中，也可表示近段时间的状态，所以选A．
对话中，第二句说"这是一份困难的工作，而且我经常很累，但是我不介意"，整个语境都用
的一般现在时，说明这是描述的目前的情况，用现在进行时描述现阶段长期重复的一个动
作．
【点评】时态题最重要的是要找：时间状语，如果题目没有给出时间状语，那么我们就要根
据语义来合理地推测语境中的时态．
12．（1 分）The fact that so many people still smoke in public place _______that we may
need a nationwide campaign to raise awareness of the riks of smoking．（ ）
A．suggest
B．suggests
C．suggested
D．suggesting
【考点】GH：主谓一致．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：还是有很多人在公共场合吸烟这个事实表明我们需要一个全国性的运动来
提高人们对吸烟危害的认识．
【解答】答案：B．题干中that so many people still smoke in public places 为the fact 的同
位语，主语为the fact，所以谓语用单数形式；that we may need a national wide
campaign to raise awareness of the risks of smoking 是宾语从句，而原句中缺少谓语动
词，可排除D 选项；根据句意"还是有很多人在公共场合吸烟这个事实说明我们需要一个
全国性的运动来提高人们对吸烟危害的认识"，这是现在的情况，用一般现在时即可．所以
正确答案为B．
【点评】本题考查时态及主谓一致．首先分析句子结构，找出主语，根据主语及主谓一致的
规则来决定谓语动词的单复数形式；然后再根据上下文语境及句意来决定时态．
13．（1 分）Tommy is planning to buy a car．
I know．By next month，he__enough for a used one（ ）
A．saves
B．saved
C．will save
D．will have saved
【考点】EB：将来完成时．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：﹣Tommy 计划买个车．﹣﹣我知道，到下个月他将攒足够买一辆二手车的钱．
【解答】答案D．
根据时间状语是by+将来的时间，有两种情况：将来完成时/一般将来时，根据句意，到下
个月为止他将会攒足够的钱买辆二手车．表示动作的将来完成，故选D．
【点评】本题考查将来完成时，要结合时间状语和具体的语境选择出正确选择．
14．（1 分）Between the two parts of the concert is an interval，__________ the audience
can buy ice﹣cream．（ ）
A．when
B．where
C．that
D．which
【考点】H2：非限制性定语从句．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意为：在音乐会中间有间歇，在此期间观众可以去买冰激凌．
【解答】答案：A 首先解析句子结构，判断从句类型，题干说"在音乐会中间有间歇，在此
期间观众可以去买冰激凌．"题干的前半部分完整无缺，后半部分补充说明这个间歇你可
以干的事，所以这是一个非限定性定语从句，先行词为interval，非限定性定语从句的功能
就是对先行词进行补充说明．由于从句部分不缺少主语，宾语或者表语，而且interval 表时
间，所以正确答案为A．
【点评】在考查定语从句时，要考虑到先行词是什么，从句中缺少什么成分，然后根据这两
个要素选择适当的关系词．
15．（1 分）In that school，English is compulsory for all students，but French and Russian
are _________．（ ）
A．special
B．regional
C．optional
D．original
【考点】64：形容词词意辨析．菁优网版权所有
【分析】英语对于那所学校的所有学生来说是必修的，而法语和俄语是选修的．
【解答】答案：C．special"特别的；专门的"；regional"地区的；局部的"；optional"可选择的；
非强制的"；original"最初的；原始的；独创的；新颖的"．根据题干中转折连词but 可知，后
一句的意思应与前一句中的compulsory"必修的；被强制的；义务的"之意相反，即"英语是
的必修的"而"法语和俄语是选修的"．故选C．
【点评】此题考查形容词辨析．解此题时，一要理解句子的意思；二要辨清各选项的意思；
再而根据语境选出恰当的选项．有时抓住题干中的并列连词and 或转折连词but，将有助
于对语境的把握，更好地理解句意．
16．（1 分）It was never clear _______ the man hadn't reported the accident sooner．（ ）
A．that
B．how
C．when
D．why
【考点】GF：it 的用法．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意；为什么这个人没有早点汇报这个事故，这一点还不清楚．
【解答】答案：D．这里的it 是形式主语，真正的主语是"_____ the man hadn't reported the
accident sooner．"根据it was never clear 可知这里是否定，所以不能使用that；后面有
report the accident，所以也不能用how；sooner 说明when 也不能．这句要表达的是"为什
么这个人没有早点汇报这个事故，这一点还不清楚．"，所以正确答案为D．
【点评】本题考查名词性从句．要认真分析句子，找出主从句，并分析句子成分，理解句意．
不要受"it's clear that"这个固定句型的影响，要把握好关键词"never"，结合句意．
17．（1 分）Teachers have to constantly update their knowledge in order to maintain their
professional ___．（ ）
A．consequence
B．independence
C．competence
D．intelligence
【考点】35：名词的词义辨析．菁优网版权所有
【分析】教师们必须不断更新知识来保持他们的专业竞争力．
【解答】答案C．这道题考察词义辨析．consequence 是"结果，后果"；independence 是"独立，
自主"；competence 是"能力，竞争力"；intelligence 是"智力，理解力"．根据句意，正确答案
为C．
【点评】做这类题目，首先要理解四个选项的词义，然后根据句意选择正确的选项．
18．（1 分）﹣﹣﹣Are you still mad at her？
﹣﹣﹣Not really，but I can't ______ that her remarks hurt me．（ ）
A．deny
B．refuse
C．reject
D．decline
【考点】A8：实义动词．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣你仍然对她很气愤吗？﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣不完全是，但是我不能
否认她的话确实伤害到了我．
【解答】答案A．
B 选项"拒绝"；C 选项"拒绝，谢绝，驳回"；D 选项"辞谢，谢绝"；A 选项"否认"；"not
deny"意为"无法否认"根据上下文语境和句意"我不能否认"可知A 项符合，
故选：A．
【点评】本题考查动词辨析．解答此类题目首先要读懂句意，理解每个选项动词的意思，然
后根据上下文语境锁定合适的动词．平时要加强动词词汇量的积累．
19．（1 分）﹣Linda didn't invite us to the party．
﹣______？I don't care．（ ）
A．For what
B．So what
C．What's on
D．What's up
【考点】JI：语言交际．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：﹣﹣﹣Linda 没有邀请我们去聚会．
﹣﹣﹣﹣那又怎么样呢，我才不在乎．
【解答】答案B．
A 项"因为什么"；C 项"发生了什么"；D 项"在忙什么"由句意可知，第一个人抱怨"Linda 没
有邀请我们去聚会"，第二个人说"我不在乎"，根据这个语境，应该是"那又怎么样呢，我不
在乎!"所以B 项符合语境，故选B．
【点评】本题考查情景交际．解答此类题目首先应该读懂句意，分析上下文语境和逻辑关
系．其次对每个选项中的交际用语的适用情况要掌握，根据语境锁定正确答案．关键平时
学习中要对交际用语多积累多总结反复记忆．
20．（1 分）﹣You look upset．What's the matter？
﹣I had my proposal _______ again．（ ）
A．turned over
B．turned on
C．turned off
D．turned down
【考点】A9：动词短语．菁优网版权所有
【分析】﹣﹣你看起来很难过．怎么了？﹣﹣我的提议又被驳回了．
【解答】答案：D．turned over"翻身，翻转"；turned on"开"；turned off"关"；turned down"调
低；拒绝"．根据题干中look upset"看起来不高兴，难过"，其原因应该是"提议被拒绝、被驳
回"，可构成因果关系，且句意完整．
故选：D．
【点评】此题考查动词短语辨析．解题时，一要理解题干的意思；二要辨清各选项短语意思；
再而根据题意，选出恰当的选项．
21 ．（1 分）Recently a survey _______ prices of the same goods in two different
supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens．（ ）
A．compared
B．comparing
C．compares
D．being compared
【考点】B6：动名词．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：最近，在两个不同的超市比较同样商品价格的一项调查引起了城市人们激
烈的讨论．
【解答】答案B．
解析：这道题考察非谓语动词．首先分析句子结构，这句话的主语是a survey，谓语动词是
has caused，宾语是heated debate，意思是"一项调查引起了城市人们激烈的讨论"．由此可
见，原句不缺主干成分，"prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets"该部分
是来修饰survey 的，做后置定语．排除C 选项，这里survey 与compare 之间是主动关系，
故选：B．
【点评】本题考查现在分词做后置定语，要分析句子的成分．
22．（1 分）We'd better discuss everything _______ before we work out the plan．（ ）
A．in detail
B．in general
C．on purpose
D．on time
【考点】8B：介词短语．菁优网版权所有
【分析】我们最好在制定计划前详细地讨论一切事情．
【解答】答案：A．in detail"详细地，详尽地"；in general"大体上，总体上"；on purpose"故意
地"；on time"准时"．根据题干中before we work out the plan"在制定计划前"可知，对于
everything"一切事情"的discuss"讨论"had better"最好"是in detail"详细的"，这样才有助于
计划的制定．故选A．
【点评】此题考查介词短语辨析．解题时，一要理解题干的意思；二要辨清各选项的意思；
再而结合语境，选出恰当的选项．
23．（1 分）It sounds like something is wrong with the car's engine． ，we'd
better take it to the garage immediately．（ ）
A．Otherwise
B．If not
C．But for that
D．If so
【考点】91：并列连词．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：听上去汽车的发动机好像坏了，我们最好立刻去修理厂．
【解答】答案D A 项"否则"；B 项"如果不这样"；C 项"要不是那样"；D 项"如果是这样"．题
干前半句说"听上去汽车的发动机好像坏了"，后面句说"我们最好立刻去修理厂"，通过判
断可知，这两个句子之间是顺承关系，所以应该是"如果真的这样的话（发动机坏了）"．所
以正确答案为D．
故选：D．
【点评】考察连词．主要要弄清连接词的意思，然后再根据句意做出选择．
24．（1 分）﹣﹣﹣I left my handbag on the train，but luckily someone gave it to a railway
official．
﹣﹣﹣How unbelievable to get it back!I mean，someone ______ it．（ ）
A．will have stolen
B．might have stolen
C．should have stolen
D．must have stolen
【考点】A6：情态动词．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：﹣﹣我把手提包忘在火车上了，但幸运的是有人把它交给了铁路部门．﹣﹣
能失而复得真是令人难以置信！我的意思是可能有人会偷走手提包．
【解答】答案：B．
A．will have stolen 是将来完成时，表示在将来某一时间之前已经完成或一直持续的动作；
B．might have done 表示对过去可能性的推测（有人偷走了手提包仅是一种可能性）C．
should have stolen 表示本应做某事而实际没有做；D．must have stolen 表示过去一定做
了某事．这里应该选用might have stolen 表示说话者觉得手提包落在火车上，很有可能是
会被别人偷走的．所以正确答案为B．
【点评】本题考查情态动词．要理解句意，掌握好各个情态动词的用法（尤其是情态动词
+have done 的含义），再根据语境，得出答案．
25．（1 分）﹣﹣﹣You could always put the decision off a little bit longer．
﹣﹣﹣_____ If I leave it much longer I might miss my chance．（ ）
A．That's reasonable advice．
B．Isn't it a good idea．
C．Do you think so？
D．I can't agree more．
【考点】JI：语言交际．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：﹣﹣﹣你可以推迟一点作决定．﹣﹣﹣﹣你这样认为吗？如果我留的时间
长一点，我就会失去机会．
【解答】答案C．
A 项"那是合理的建议"；
B 项"难道它不是一个好主意吗？"；
D 项"我完全同意"；
C 项"你这样认为吗？"
分析语境可知，第一个人说"你可以推迟决定"，第二个人说"如果再拖下去，我会失去机会．
很明显，这两个人意见相反，所以第二个人不会肯定第一个人的意见，排除A、B 和C 选项．
可以用Do you think so？先进行反问，然后给出自己的观点．所以正确答案为C．
【点评】本题考查情景交际．解答此类题目首先应该读懂句意，分析上下文语境和逻辑关
系．其次对每个选项中的交际用语的适用情况要掌握，根据语境锁定正确答案．关键平时
学习中要对交际用语多积累多总结反复记忆．
三、完形填空（共1 小题；每小题20 分，满分20 分）
26．（20 分）请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选
项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑．
A boy was walking home from school when he saw a large，tempting （诱人的）apple
on one of the branches of an apple tree hanging out over a tall fence．The boy wasn't
much of a fruit﹣eater，（36）
A
a bar of chocolate if given the choice，（37）
C
，
as they say，the forbidden fruit can be tempting．Seeing the apple，the boy wanted it．
The more he looked at it，the （38）
C
he felt and the more he wanted that apple
（39）
B
as high as he could，but even as his tallest （40）
D
he was unable to
touch it．He began to（41）
A
up and down，as high as he could，at the（42）
C
of
each jump stretching his arms to get the apple．Still it remained out of（43）
D
．
Not giving up，he though，if only he had something to（44）
B
on．His school bag
wouldn't give enough height and he didn't want to
A
（45）
A
the things inside，
like his lunch box，pencil case，and Gameboy．Looking （46）
D
，he hoped he might
find an old box，a rock，or，（47）
B
luck，even a ladder，but it was a tidy
neighborhood and there was nothing he could use．
He had tired everything he could think to do．（48）
B
seeing any other choices，he
gave up and started to walk （49）
B
．At first he felt angry and disappointed
thinking about how hungry he had become from his（50）
C
，and how he really
wanted that apple．The more he（51）
A
like this，the more unhappy he became．
（52）
B
，the boy of our story was a preetty smart guy，even if he cloudn't always
get what get he wanted．He started to say to himself．，This isn't （53）
D
，I don't
have the apple and I'm feeling miserable as well．There's（54）
D
more Ican do to
get the apple_that is unchangeable﹣but we are supposed to be able to（55）
A
our
feelings．If that's the case，what can I do to feel better？
36．A．preferring
B．offering
C．receiving
D．allowing
37．A．so
B．then
C．but
D．or
38．A．sadder
B．angrier
C．hungrier
D．tastier
39．A．expanding
B．stretching
C．swinging
D．pulling
40．A．strength
B．length
C．range
D．heigh
41．A．jump
B．look
C．walk
D．glance
42．A．tip
B．stage
C．top
D．level
43．A hope
B．hand
C．sight
D．reach
44．A．put
B．stand
C．get
D．hold
45．A．break
B．shake
C．take
D．strike
46．A．up
B．forword
C．down
D．around
47．A．for
B．with
C．on
D．of
48．A．After
B．Through
C．Without
D．Upon
49．A．back
B．away
C．up
D．down
50．A．wishes
B．beliefs
C．efforts
D．goals
51．A．thought
B．imagoned
C．tried
D．cliamed
52．A．Therefore
B．However
C．Moreover
D．Otherwise
53．A．skilful
B．cheerful
C．harmful
D．helpful
54．A．something
B．anything
C．everything
D．nothing
55．A．change
B．express
C．forget
D．describe．
【考点】L1：记叙文．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议的文章．文章描述了一个男孩试图想要把树上的苹果摘下来，
结果费尽周折而徒劳无功．可是他是一个能自我反思的聪明孩子，内心接受得不到苹果这
一事实的同时，反思如何让自己情绪不受影响．
【解答】答案：36﹣40 ACCBD 41﹣45 ACDBA 46﹣50 DBBBC 51﹣55 ABDDA
36．A 考查动词辨析．主语the boy 与offer、allow 之间为被动关系，所以排除B、D 两项．
两者（fruit、chocolate）之间的比较应选preferring．句意为：如果可以选择，小男孩更喜欢巧
克力棒，而不喜欢吃水果．
37．C 考查连词辨析．连词but 表示前后句之间的转折关系．
38．C 考查形容词辨析．根据下文的"…how hungry he had become…"可知，本句表示"越
看苹果，他感觉越饿（hungrier），越想得到它"．
39．B 考查动词辨析．根据下文"…of each jump stretching his arms…"可知，选 B．
expand 意为"扩大，增大"；swing 意为"摆动，摇摆"；pull 意为"拖，牵"；都不符合题意．
stretch 意为"（身体）伸长"，符合题意．
40．D 考查名词辨析．height 意为"高度"，与前句中的"as high as he could"相对应．根据
下文"His school bag wouldn't give enough height…"可知，选D．
41．A 考查动词辨析．根据下文"…of each jump stretching his arms…"可知，选A．
42．C 考查名词辨析．tip 意为"建议，小费"；stage 意为"舞台，阶段"；level 意为"水平"，都
不符题意．at the top of 意为"在…顶部"，符合语境．句意为：在每次弹跳的最髙点他都伸
长身体去抓苹果．
43．D 考查名词辨析．out of reach 意为"够不着"，符合文意．
44．B 考查动词辨析．put on 意为"穿上（衣服），增加，播放"；get on 意为"上车"； hold on
意为"（电话）不挂断，抓住不放"，都不符合题意．stand 在本句中可理解为"to stand on
something"．句意为：要是有东西可以站在上面就好了．
45．A 考查动词辨析．shake 意为"晃动"；take 意为"带走，忍受"；strike 意为"打击，打动，擦
（火柴）"．break 意为"打破"，符合题意．
46．D 考查副词辨析．look up 意为"查找，向上看"；look forward （to）意为"向前看，期盼"；
look down（up on）意为"向下看，鄙视"，都不符合题意．look around 意为"环顾四周"，符
合题意．
47．B 考查介词辨析．with luck 意为"运气好，幸运"，符合题意．
48．B 考查介词辨析．根据下文"he gave up"可推知，"没有（without）其他选择"．
49．B 考查副词辨析．副词back、up、down 分别表示"后、上、下"的方向，与题意不符．walk
away 表示"走开"，符合语境．
50．C 考查名词辨析．根据上文内容可知，小男孩通过努力（efforts）得到了苹果．
51．A 考查动词辨析．imagine 意为"想象"；try 意为"努力，尝试"；claim 意为"声称，夺走
（生命），认领"，都不符合题意．think（想）在本句表示"他越这样想，越不快乐"．
52．B 考查副词辨析．therefore 意为"因此（表因果）"；moreover 意为"而且（表递进）"；
otherwise 意为"负责（表条件）"，都不符合题意．however 意为"然而（表转折）"，符合题意．
53．D 考查形容词辨析．skillful 意为"有技巧的"；cheerful 意为"高兴的"；harmful 意为"有
害的"，都不符合题意．helpful 意为"有帮助的"，本句表示"这是无能为力的，不可改变的"，
与下文unchangable 对应．
54．D 考查代词辨析．根据上文可知，小男孩没有得到苹果，只好放弃．故选择表否定的代
词nothing．
55．A 考查动词辨析．连词but 表转折关系，所以选择动词change，与形容词 unchangable
形成对比．
【点评】做完形填空时，要了解完形填空题的设空原则，用正确的思维解题，不抠字词用法，
不断章取义．先浏览全文，概括大意，然后再根据对上下文文意的理解和行文逻辑的把握
来答题．
四、阅读理解（共4 小题;每小题8 分，满分30 分）请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的
A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
27．（8 分）We know the famous ones﹣the Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham
Bells﹣but what about the less famous inventors？What about the people who invented
the traffic light and the windshield wiper（雨刮器）？Shouldn't we know who they
are？
Joan Mclean think so．In fact，Mclean，a professor of physics at Mountain University in
Range，feels so strongly about this matter that she's developed a course on the topic．In
addition to learning"who"invented"what"，however，Mclean also likes her students to
learn the answers to the"why"and"how"questions．According to Mclean，"When students
learn the answers to these questions，they are better prepared to recognize opportunities
for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try．"
So，just what is the story behind the windshield wiper？Well，Mary Anderson came up
with the idea in 1902after a visit to Mew York City．The day was cold and stormy，
but Anderson still wanted to see the sights，so she jumped aboard a streetcar．Noticing
that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the winshield ，she
found hersefe wondering why there couldn't be a buolt﹣in devic for cleaing the
window．Still wondering about this when she returned home to Birmingham，Alabama，
Anderson started drafting out solutions．One of her ideas，a lever（操作杆）on the inside
of a vehicle that would contral an arm on the outside，became the first windshield
wiper．
Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations ，It's hard to imagine
driving without Garrett A．Morgan's traffic light．It's equally impossible to picture a
world without Katherine J．Blodgett's innovation that makes glass invisible，Can you
picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses？
56．By mentionong"traffic light"and"windshield wiper"，the author indicates that countless
inventions are
B
．
A．beneficial，because their inventors are famous
B．beneficial，though their inventors are less famous
C．not useful，because their inventors are less famous
D．not useful，though their inventors are famous
57．Professor Joan McLean's course aims to
D
．
A．add colour and variety to students'campus life
B．inform students of the windshield wiper's invention
C．carry out the requirements by Mountain University
D．pre[are students to try theie own invention
58．Tommy Lee's invention of the unbreakable umbrella was
B
．
A．not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer
B．inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper
C．due to his dream of being caught in a rainstorm
D．not related to Professor Joan McLean's lectures
59．Which 0f the following can best serve as the title of this passage？
C
．
A．How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to Producers？
B．How to Design a Built﹣in Dervice for Cleaning the Window？
C．Shouldn't We Know Who Inventd the Windshield Wiper？
D．Shouldn't We Develop Invention Courses in Universities？
【考点】O1：人物故事类．菁优网版权所有
【分析】一位物理学教授通过自己独特的课程不但让学生们了解了一些"小"发明家，同时
也激发了学生们搞发明的潜能，鼓励年轻人要善于把握发明的契机，推动社会的进步．
【解答】56．B 观点态度题，根据第一段中的"…but what about the less famous
inventors？"和文章末段首句"Today we benefit from countless…"可推知，作者认为相对
爱迪生和贝尔来说，虽然发明家知名度低，但这些发明是有益的． 所以本题答案为B．
57．D 细节理解题．根据题干可以定位到原文第二段，However 处正是考点出题处，
引号当中的内容正是证明了Mclean 的观点：when students learn the answers to these
questions，…．prepared to recognize…inventing a try．可知，让学生做好准备去尝试自己
的发明是课程的宗旨．由 此可以看出选项D 正是原文的同义替换．
58．B 推理判断题．根据第三段中的虚拟语气句"If I had not heard the story of the
windshield wiper's invention""I never would have dreamed of turning my bad
experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive．"可知，雨刷器发明的故事
正是他灵感的源泉．
59．C 主旨大意题．文章一开头就点出文章主旨：shouldn't we know who they are？
并且用了疑问句加强语气，可见C 选项正确．其他三个选项都相对片面．
【点评】做阅读理解时，做好简单推理判断题，要以表面文字为前提，以具体事实为依据进
行推理，做出判断．这种推理方式比较直接，只要弄清事实，即可结合常识推断出合理的
结论．
28．（6 分）
（1）Which of the following is discouraged by the Friends organization？
A
．
A．To bulid massive complexes for public amusement．
B．To prevent possible damages to the National Park．
C．To help protect and improve the Park for all to enjoy．
D．To sponsor publicationsand projects in local school．
（2）One of thebenefits for members of Friends is to
C
．
A．have Friends'goods free of charge
B．visit any place not open to the public
C．take part in work parties if they want to
D．give talks in their fields on current issues
（3）The purpose of this poster is to invite more people to
B
．
A．raise money for the Friends organization
B．join the Friends organization and be members of it
C．work as managers for Pembroke shire National Park
D．enjoy the landscape of Pembroke shire National Park
【考点】O3：广告布告类阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】如果你喜欢国家公园，想看到她的美景，享受她的悠闲氛围，希望保护她的未来，
请加入国家公园环保组织．我们会组织一些活动，作为会员还可以享有许多好处．
【解答】60．A 细节理解题． 根据文章第三大标题Activities 第二段第一句we keep an
eye on planning applications…such as massive leisure complexes"我们会关注发展规划
的申请、国家公园管理局的政策和会对公园现状发展造成的危害，如大型休闲娱乐设
施"可知，兴建大型休闲娱乐设施是Friends organization 所不鼓励，不支持的．故选A．
61．C 细节理解题．根据文章第四大标题Benefits 第五点Satisfaction of participation in
work parties，for those willing and able to involve．"对于愿意和有能力的参与者来说，
可以从团队协作中获得满足感"可知，作为Friends organization 的一员可以参与团队协作．
故选C．
62．B 主旨大意题． 根据文章一开头抛出的三个问题，以及下文对这一组织的目的介绍，
成员可参与的活动及可享有的好处可知，这个组织的目的在于吸引更多的人能够加入其
中．故选B．
【点评】解细节题时可根据题干中的关键词定位到原文中相应的文字找寻答案．譬如61 题，
可根据题干中的benefits 提示，定位到文中相应的小标题Benefites．
29．（6 分）According to the US government，wind farms off the Pacific coast could
produce 900gig watts of electricity every year．Unfortunately，the water there is far too
deep for even the tallest windmills（see picture）to touch bottom．An experiment under
way off the coast of Norway，however，could help put them anywhere．
The project，called Hywind，is the world's first large﹣scale deepwater wind turbine（涡
轮发电机）．Although it uses a fairly standard 152﹣ton，2.3﹣megawatt turbine，Hywind
represents totally new technology．The turbine will be fixed 213feet above the water on
a floating spar（see picture），a technology Hywind's creator，the Norwegian company
StatoilHydro，has developed recently．The steel spar，which is filled with stones and
goes 328feet below the sea surface，will be tied to the ocean floor by three cable（缆
索）；these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down
in the waves．Hywind's stability（稳定性）in the cold and rough sea would prove that
even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power ．If all goes
according to plan，the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of
southwestern Norway as early as September．
To produce electricity on a large scale ，a commercial wind farm will have to use
bigger turbines than Hywind does，but it's difficult enough to balance such a large
turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean．To make that turbine
heavier，the whole spar's to design a new kind of wind turbine，one whose gearbox（变
速箱） sits at sea level rather than behind the blades （see picture ）
Hywind is a test run，but the benefits for perfecting floating wind﹣farm technology
could be extremely large．Out at sea，the wind is often stronger and steadier than close
to shore ，where all existing offshore windmills are planted ．Deep﹣sea farms are
invisible from land，which helps overcome the windmill﹣as﹣eyesore objection．If the
technology catches on，it will open up vast areas of the planet's surface to one of the
best low﹣carbon power sources available．
63．The Hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of
B
．
A．the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floor
B．the spar which is floating in deep﹣sea water
C．the blades driven by strong and steady sea wind
D．the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface
64．To balance a bigger turbine high on a flatting spar，a new type of turbine is to be
designed with its gearbox sitting
C
．
A．on the sea floor B．on the spar top
C．at sea level D．behind the blades
65．Wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can
D
．
A．solve the technical problems of deepwater windmills
B．make financial profits by producing more turbines
C．settle the arguments about environmental problems
D．explore low﹣carbon power resources available at sea．
【考点】M5：科普知识类阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇科普类说明文，介绍了风力涡轮发电Hywind 也就是世界上第一个大
规模的深水区风力涡轮发电机采用浮力风力发电技术，解决了因为海水太深，风车触及不
到底部的问题，从而能够利用海洋上的风力发电，应用潜力巨大．
【解答】63．B 细节理解．根据第二段倒数第三句"The steel spar，which is filled with
stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface，will be tied to the ocean floor by
three cable（缆索）；these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving
up and down in the waves"可知，该工程采用了全新的技术，是为了确保漂浮在深海水域
中的圆材的稳定．64．C 细节理解．根据第三段最后一句"To make that turbine heavier，
the whole spar's to design a new kind of wind turbine，one whose gearbox（变速箱）
sits at sea level rather than behind the blades （see picture ）"可知，为了使较大的涡轮
发电机能在圆材上保持平衡，公司计划设计新的发电机，其变速箱在海平面上．
65．D 细节理解．根据最后一段最后一句"If the technology catches on，it will open up
vast areas of the planet's surface to one of the best low﹣carbon power sources
available"可知，深海风能技术的广泛应用可能会在海洋上开发出可使用的低碳能源．
【点评】解答细节理解题时，一个常用的方法就是运用定位法，即根据题干和选项中的关
键词从原文中找到相关的句子，与选项进行比较从而确定答案；推理判断题既要求学生透
过文章表面文字信息推测文章隐含意思，又要求学生对作者的态度、意图及文章细节的发
展作正确的推理判断，力求从作者的角度去考虑，不要固守自己的看法或观点．
30．（10 分）Shay asked，"Do you think they'll let me play？"Shay's father knew that most
of the boys would not want someone like Shay on their team，but the father also
understood that if his son，mentally and physically disabled，were allowed to play，it
would give him a much﹣needed sense of belonging and some confidence．
Shay's father approached one of the boys on the field and asked if Shay could play，
not expecting much．The boy looked around and said，"We're losing by six runs （分）
and the game is in the eighth inning （局）．I guess he can be on our team and we'll
try to put him in to bat in the final inning．
Shay struggled over to the team's bench and put on a team shirt with a broad smile
and his father had a small tear in his eye and warmth in heart．The boys saw the
father's joy at his son being accepted．
In the bottom of the eighth inning，Shay's team scored a few runs but was still behind
by three．In the top of the final inning，Shay put on a glove and played in the field．
Even though no hits came his way，he was obviously joyful just to be in the game
and on the field．In the bottom of the final inning，Shay's team scored again．Now，
Shay was scheduled to be next at bat．Would they let Shay bat and give away their
chance to win the game？
Surprisingly，Shay was given the bat．Everyone knew that a hit was almost impossible．
The first pitch （投） came and Shay missed．The pitcher again again took a few steps
forward to throw the ball softly towards Shay．As the pitch came in，Shay swung at
the ball and hit a slow ground ball right back to the pitcher．
The pitcher could have easily thrown he ball to the first baseman and Shay would
have been out and that would have been the end of the game．Instead，the pitcher
threw the ball right over the head of the first baseman ，beyond the reach of all
teammates，The audience and the players from both teams started screaming，"Shay，run
to first!"Never in his life had Shay ever run that far but made it to first base，wide﹣
eyed and shocked．．
Everyone should，"Run to second!"Catching his breath，Shay awkwardly ran towards
second．By the time Shay rounded towards second base，the smallest guy on their
team，who had a chance to be the hero for his team fir the first time，could have
thrown the ball to the second baseman，but he understood the pitcher's intentions and
he too intentionally threw the ball high and far over the third baseman's head．
All were screaming，"Shay，Shay，Shay，all the way Shay．"Shay reached third base
when one opposing player ran to help him and shouted，"Shay，run to third．"As Shay
rounded third，all were on their feet，crying，"Shay，run home！"Shay ran to home，
stepped on the home base and was cheered as the hero who the who won the game
for his team．
That day，the boys from both teams helped bring a piece true love and humanity into
this world．Shay didn't make it to another summer and died that winter，having never
forgotten being the hero and making his father so happy and coming home and seeing
his mother tearfully hug her little hero of the day!
66．Not expecting much，Shay's father still asked the boy if Shay could play，mainly
because the father
D
．
A．noticed some of the boys on the field were heisting
B．guessed his presence would affect the boy's decision
C．learned some of the boys on the field knew Shay well
D．understood Shay did need a feeling of being accepted
67．In the bottom of the final inning Shay was given the bat because the boys
B
．
A．believed they were sure to win the game
B．would like to help Shay enjoy the game
C．found Shay was so eager to be a winner
D．fell forced to give Shay another chance
68．The smallest boy threw the ball high and far over the third baseman's head，
probably because that boy
A
．
A．was obviously aware of the pitcher's purpose
B．looked forward to winning the game for his team
C．failed to throw the ball to the second baseman
D．saw that Shay already reached second base
69．Which of the following has nothing to do with Shay's becoming the hero for his
team？
C
．
A．The pitcher did not throw the ball to the first baseman．
B．The audience and the players from both teams cheered for him．
C．The opposing players failed to stop his running to home．
D．One of the opposing players ran to help him．
70．What to you think is the theme of the story？
A
．
A．True human nature could be realized in the way we treat each other．
B．Everyone has his own strength even if mentally or physically disabled．
C．Everyone can develop his team spirit in sports and please his parents．
D．The results of the game should not be the only concern of the players．
【考点】O2：故事类阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】文章是一篇关于爱的教育的故事．一个残疾孩子想要打棒球，父亲鼓励并帮助自
己心智和身体残疾的儿子，和正常人一样参与棒球运动，在球队小伙伴的配合下，小男孩
取得了"胜利"．就在那个冬天，小男孩死了，但他永远不会忘记他曾经是个英雄，曾经让父
母高兴过．
【解答】66．D 本题推理判断题．根据第一段最后一句"it would give him a much﹣
needed sense of belonging and some confidence"可以推断，Shay 的父亲理解儿子的心情，
虽然身患残疾，但儿子希望得到别人的认可和接受，这种归属感会让儿子感到自信和乐观．
所以D 为正确选项．
67．B 推理判断题．根据文章的整体内容，特别是最后一段第一句可推断，这些打棒球的
小男孩都十分善良，他们希望成全Shay，让他感受到体育运动带来的快乐，所以在最后一
局，他们把球棒传到了Shay 手中．
68．A 本题细节理解．根据题干将关键词定位到第七段"the smallest guy on their team"，
这是个长难句，who 引导了一个非限制性定语从句，他本可以成为比赛最后的hero，可but
点出了转折，他明白pitcher 的意图并且帮助了Shay 的成功．可见答案A 正确．
69．C 本题推理判断题．题干问下面哪一项是和Shay 的成功无关的．文章第八段最后说
众人喊道："Shay，run home"，当他run home 之后，我们看到结果是他成功了，他成为了
Hero，可见没有任何人在这个时候阻止了他．可见C 选项是与他的成功无关的，为正确选
项．
70．A 本题主旨大意题．文章处处渗透了球队人与人之间的相互尊重，人性是善的，在我
们对待彼此的方式方法上，我们的人性充分显示出来．因此A 选项正确，B，C，D 都是很
片面的．
【点评】考生需要从整体上理解文章，做好细节的分析和理解．
五、第四部分：任务型阅读（共1 小题；每小题10 分，满分10 分）
31．
（10 分）请认真阅读下列短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当
的单词．
注意：请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上．每个空格只填一个单词．
When Should a Leader Apologize and When Not？
Why Difficult？
When we wrong someone we know，even not intentionally，we are generally expected
to apologize so as to improve the situation．But when we're acting as leaders，the
circumstances are different．The act of apology is carried out not merely at the level of
the individual but also at the level of the institution．It is a performance in which
every expression matters and every word becomes part of the public record．Refusing
to apologize can be smart，or it can be stupid．So，readiness to apologize can be seen
as a sign of strong character or as a sign of weakness．A successful apology can turn
hate into personal and organizational harmony﹣while an apology that is too little，too
late，or too obviously strategic can bring on individual and institutional ruin．What，
then，is to be done？How can leaders decide if and when to apologize publicly？
Why Now？
The question of whether leaders should apologize publicly has never been more urgent．
During the last decade or so，the United States in particular has developed an apology
culture﹣apologies of all kinds and for all sorts of wrongdoings are made far more
frequently than before ．More newspaper writers have written about the growing
importance of public apologies．More articles，cartoons，advice columns，and radio and
television programs have similarly dealt with the subject of private apologies．
Why Bother？
Why do we apologize ？Why do we ever put ourselves in situations likely to be
difficult，embarrassing，and even risky？Leaders who apologize publicly could be an
easy target．They are expected to appear strong and capable．And whenever they make
public statements of any kind ，their individual and institutional reputations are in
danger．Clearly，then，leaders should not apologize often or lightly．For a leader to
express apology ，there needs to be a good ，strong reason ．Leaders will publicly
apologize if and when they think the costs of doing so are lower than the costs of not
doing so．
Why Refuse？
Why is it that leaders so often refuse to apologize，even when a public apology seems
to be in order？Their reasons can be individual or institutional．Because leaders are
public figures ，their apologies are likely to be personally uncomfortable and even
professionally risky ．Leaders may also be afraid that admission of a mistake will
damage or destroy the organization for which they are responsible．There can be good
reasons for hanging tough in tough situations，as we shall see，but it is a high﹣risk
strategy．
【考点】O6：社会文化类阅读．菁优网版权所有
【分析】文章大意：本文主要阐述了 领导人什么时候该道歉什么时候不该道歉．文章分别
从道歉为什么如此之难，为什么现在道歉，有什么困扰的以及为什么拒绝道歉这几个方面
展开阐述．
【解答】71：performance/act/activity 根据第一段第四句"It is a performance in which
every expression matters and every word becomes part of the public record"可知，此处
应为performance 或类似内容．
72：easy 根据第一段的小标题Why Difficult？以及文章第一段but 处点出当我们是领
导时，道歉的情况就和一般情况不一样了，下面描述的都是作为领导人，道歉的难度．得
出结论，it is no easy job…可判断出，领导人道歉是不容易的事情．
73：properly/appropriately/successfully/rightly 根据题干定位到文章第一段最后，破折号
处引出该题．可见如果这种道歉没有很适当/正确的提出，就会造成个人和组织的毁灭．因
此此空应填properly/rightly/successfully．
74：urgent 根据第二段第一句可知，领导人公开道歉已经成为紧要的事情．
75：culture 根据文章第二段第二句，破折号处的an apology culture，得出75 空应填
culture
76：growing/increasing/rising 文章第二段倒数第二句，说明了More newspaper writers
have written about the growing importance of public apologies ．可见答案
为growing/increasing/rising．
77：expected/supposed/required 根据题干定位到原文第三段．看到第四句"they are
expected to appear and capable"，因此可以填expected/supposed/required
78：public 第三段第四句，写明了And whenever they make public statement of any
kind，…．可见这里填public
79：likely 根据第四段第三句可知，作为公众人物，道歉可能会在心理上觉得不舒服．
80：harm/damage 原文第四段第四句，说明"leaders may also be afraid that the
admission of a mistake will damage or destroy…．"，可见此空可以填damage/harm．
【点评】注意表格前的小标题，它通常是段落和表格的主题句，有助于理解文章．理解表格
设计，表格一般包括列标题和行标题，通过阅读这些标题和表格里的内容；可迅速了解表
格的结构和表格的设计原理．同时也可缩小信息范围，确定考查内容．
六、书面表达（满分25 分）
32．
（25 分）下面这幅照片展现了女儿为回家妈妈拿包的情景．请根据你对这幅照片的理解用
英语写一篇短文．
你的短文应包含以下内容：
描述照片内容，如情景、人物、动作，等等；
结合自身实际，谈谈你的感想；
举例说明你能为家长减负做些什么．
注意：
可参照图中文字及下面文章开头所给提示，作必要的发挥想象．
词数150 左右．开头已经写好，不计入总词数．
作文中不得提及考生所在学校和本人姓名．
The burden of students has been a hot topic for years，but the load of parents has
received little attention，especially from their own children．
【考点】R3：图画类；S3：议论文．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文为看图作文，采用"图表+提纲类"形式．根据对照片的理解及英语提示写一篇
短文．写作要点：描述照片内容；结合自身实际，谈谈你的感想；举例说明你能为家长减负
做些什么．既是提纲作文又是图画类作文．写作时可按"三段式"来写，首先描述图片点明
主题，然后分析概述其含义，最后发表感想．基本时态为一般现在时，人称以第三人称为
主．重要短语：remove sth from…．（从…去除某物．），remind sbof sth（提醒某人某
物…..），be engaged in（忙于），pay attention to（注意），in return（作为回报），do one's
best to（努力做），so as to（为了），convince sb （使某人信服）．
【解答】The burden of students has been a hot topic for years，but the load of parents
has received little attention，especially from their own children．
The picture shows us a touching moment when a little girl comes to greet mom．
Realizing her mom must be very tired after a day's work，the girl helps to remove the
bag from her shoulder．【高分句型】In response，the mom kneels down to show how
happy and thankful she feels．（描述照片内容）
All this reminds me of my mother who has been doing whatever she could to
let me have the best．【高分句型】But，totally engaged in my own study，I seldom pay
attention to what mother needs and feels，and always think studying well is the only
thing I could do in return．【高分句型】（结合自身实际，谈谈感想）
Now I know I can do my best to help with the everyday washing，bedroom
cleaning，or at least prepare breakfast myself，so as to share mother's daily burden．The
picture convinces me it is more important to be a good daughter than a"good"student．
（举例说明能为家长减负做些什么）
【点评】写作看图作文时，首先认真看图，结合图片和文字，确定所要表达的主题是什么，
然后围绕主题，提炼要点，合理想象，对译出的要点通过合理的组合，加上必要的连接词
使表达连贯．同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积
累短语和重要句型．
