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2016 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(浙江卷)
选择题部分(共80 分)
第一部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分30 分)
第一节 单项填空(共20 小题；每小题0.5 分，满分10 分)
从A、B、C 和D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
1．—Are you sure you’re ready for the test?
—
.I’m well prepared for it.
A．I’m afraid not
B．No problem
C．Hard to say
D．Not really
2．
prize for the winner of the competition is
twoweek holiday in Paris.
A．The；/
B．A；/
C．A；the
D．The；a
3．In many ways，the education system in the US is not very different from in the UK. A．that
B．this
C．one
D．it
4．It is important to pay your electricity bill on time，as late payments may affect your
.
A．condition
B．income
C．credit
D．status
5．
online shopping has changed our life，not all of its effects have been positive. A．Since
B．After
C．While
D．Unless
6．That young man is honest，cooperative，always there when you need his help.
，he’s reliable.
A．Or else
B．In short
C．By the way
D．For one thing
7．The study suggests that the cultures we grow up influence the basic processes by which we see the world
around us.
A．on
B．in
C．at
D．about
8．We can achieve a lot when we learn to let our differences unite，rather than
us.
A．divide
B．reject
C．control
D．abandon
9．Silk
one of the primary goods traded along the Silk Road by about 100 BC.
A．had become
B．was becoming
C．has become
D．is becoming
10．To return to the problem of water pollution，I’d like you to look at a study
in Australia in 2012.
A．having conducted
B．to be conducted
C．conducting
D．conducted
11．Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of
has been proved.
A．whom
B．which
C．what
D．that
12．When their children lived far away from them，these old people felt
from the world.
A．carried away
B．broken down
C．cut off
D．brought up
13．A sudden stop can be a very frightening experience，
if you are travelling at high speed.
A．eventually
B．strangely
C．merely
D．especially
14．When the time came to make the final decision for a course，I decided to apply for the one that
my interest.
A．limited
B．reserved
C．reflected
D．spoiled
15．Had the governments and scientists not worked together，AIDSrelated deaths
since their highest in 2005.
A．had not fallen
B．would not fall
C．did not fall
D．would not have fallen
16．In this article，you need to back up general statements with
examples.
A．specific
B．permanent
C．abstract
D．universal
17．George
too far.His coffee is still warm.
A．must have gone
B．might have gone
C．can’t have gone
D．needn’t have gone
18．I have always enjoyed all the events you organized and I hope to attend
in the coming years.
A．little more
B．no more
C．much more
D．many more
19．I had as much fun sailing the seas as I now do
with students.
A．working
B．work
C．to work
D．worked
20．—The movie starts at 8：30，and we can have a quick bite before we go.
—
.See you at 8：10.
A．So long
B．Sounds great
C．Good luck
D．Have a good time
第二节 完形填空(共20 小题；每小题1 分，满分20 分)
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从21～40 各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中，选出最佳选项。
During the war，my husband was stationed at an army camp in a desert in California.I went to live there in order to
be 21 him.I hated the place.I had never 22 been so unhappy.My husband was ordered out on a longterm duty，
and I was left in a tiny shack(棚屋) alone.The heat was 23 —almost 125°F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌)．
24 a soul to talk to.The wind blew nonstop，and all the food I ate，and the very air I breathed，were 25 with sand，
sand，sand!
I was so sorry for myself that I wrote to my parents.I told them I was 26 and coming back home.I said I couldn’t
stand it one minute longer.I 27 be in prison! My father answered my 28 with just two lines—two lines that will
always sing in my 29 —two lines that completely changed my life：
Two men looked out from prison bars，
One saw the mud，the other saw the stars.
I read those two lines 30 .I was ashamed of myself.I made up my mind I would find out what was good in my
present 31 ；I would look for the stars.
I made friends with the natives，and their 32 amazed me.They gave me presents of their favorite artworks
which they had 33 to sell to tourists.I studied the delightful forms of the cactus.I watched for the desert sunsets，and
34 for seashells that had been left there millions of years ago when the sands of the desert had been an ocean 35 .
What brought about this 36 change in me? The desert hadn’t changed， 37 I had.I had changed my
38 .And by doing so，I changed an unhappy experience into the most amazing 39 of my life.I was excited by this
new world that I had discovered.I had looked out of my selfcreated prison and 40 the stars.
21．A.off
B．behind
C．near
D．beyond
22．A.before
B．already
C．then
D．still
23．A.inflexible
B．incomprehensible
C．uncontrollable
D．unbearable
24．A.Only
B．Not
C．Many
D．Such
25．A.covered
B．filled
C．buried
D．charged
26．A.catching up
B．keeping up
C．giving up
D．getting up
27．A.ought to
B．might well
C．would rather
D．had better
28．A.request
B．call
C．question
D．letter
29．A.comparison
B．imagination
C．consideration
D．memory
30．A.over and over
B．by and by
C．up and down
D．now and then
31．A.company
B．occupation
C．situation
D．relationship
32．A.movement
B．reaction
C．guidance
D．purpose
33．A.refused
B．failed
C．managed
D．happened
34．A.asked
B．hunted
C．waited
D．headed
35．A.floor
B．surface
C．rock
D．level
36．A.shocking
B．challenging
C．puzzling
D．astonishing
37．A.as
B．but
C．for
D．or
38．A.attitude
B．principle
C．identity
D．standard
39．A.vacation
B．operation
C．affair
D．adventure
40．A.sought
B．counted
C．found
D．reached
第二部分 阅读理解(第一节20 小题，第二节5 小题；每小题2 分，满分50 分)
第一节 阅读下列材料，从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C 和D)中，选出最佳选项。
A
“Did you hear what happened to Adam last Friday？”Lindsey whispers to Tori.
With her eyes shining，Tori brags.“You bet I did.Sean told me two days ago.”
Who are Lindsey and Tori talking about？It just happens to be yours truly，Adam Freedman.I can tell you that what
they are saying is (a) not nice and (b) not even true.Still，Lindsey and Tori aren’t very different from most students here
at Linton High School，including me.Many of our conversations are gossip(闲话)．I have noticed three effects of gossip：
it can hurt people，it can give gossipers a strange kind of satisfaction，and it can cause social pressures in a group.
An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being talked about.Usually，gossip spreads
information about a topic—breakups，trouble at home，even dropping out—that a person would rather keep secret.The
more embarrassing or shameful the secret is，the juicier the gossip it makes.Probably the worst type of gossip is the
absolute lie.People often think of gossipers as harmless，but cruel lies can cause pain.
If we know that gossip can be harmful，then why do so many of us do it？The answer lies in another effect of
gossip：the satisfaction it gives us.Sharing the latest rumor(传言) can make a person feel important because he or she
knows something that others don’t.Similarly，hearing the latest rumor can make a person feel like part of the “in group.”
In other words，gossip is satisfying because it gives people a sense of belonging or even superiority(优越感)．
Gossip also can have a third effect：it strengthens unwritten，unspoken rules about how people should act.Professor
David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing behaviors in a group.Translated into high school terms，this
means that if everybody you hang around with is laughing at what John wore or what Jane said，then you can bet that
wearing or saying something similar will get you the same kind of negative attention.The do’s and don’ts conveyed through
gossip will never show up in any student handbook.
The effects of gossip vary depending on the situation.The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news，think
about why you want to gossip and what effects your “juicy story” might have.
41．The author uses a conversation at the beginning of the passage to
.
A．introduce a topic
B．present an argument
C．describe the characters
D．clarify his writing purpose
42．An important negative effect of gossip is that it
.
A．breaks up relationships
B．embarrasses the listener
C．spreads information around
D．causes unpleasant experiences
43．In the author’s opinion，many people like to gossip because it
.
A．gives them a feeling of pleasure
B．helps them to make more friends
C．makes them better at telling stories
D．enables them to meet important people
44．Professor David Wilson thinks that gossip can
.
A．provide students with written rules
B．help people watch their own behaviors
C．force schools to improve student handbooks
D．attract the police’s attention to group behaviors
45．What advice does the author give in the passage?
A．Never become a gossiper.
B．Stay away from gossipers.
C．Don’t let gossip turn into lies.
D．Think twice before you gossip.
B
Below are the search results from a university library’s database.
Search full text of books for children
Displaying 1 to 100 of 639 titles for children where Category is Education
1 2 3 4 5...7 Next ＞
Build It，Make It，Do It，Play It！Guides for Children
and Teens
Bomhold Catharine；Elder Terri,2014 | ABCCLIO
Series：Children’s and Young Adult Literature Reference
Available
For busy librarians and educators，finding instructions for
projects，activities，sports，and games that children and
teens will find interesting is a constant challenge.This guide is
a timesaving，onestop...
Read this book | View details | Add to Collection
Circle Time for Young Children
Mosley Jenny,2014 | Taylor and Francis
Series: Essential Guides for Early Years Practitioners
Available
Jenny Mosley’s quality circle time model involves setting up
an ongoing，timetabled process of circlemeeting for adults
and children.As a basis for teaching relationship skills，
building up selfesteem...
Read this book | View details | Add to Collection
Connecting Animals and Children in Early Childhood
Selly Patty Born,2014 | Redleaf Press
Available
Understand the value of connecting animals and
children.From family pets and wild animals to toys，stuffed
animals，and media images，animals are a central part of
every child’s world.This book examines...
Read this book | View details | Add to Collection
Education and Disadvantaged Children and Young People
Matsumoto Mitsuko；Brock Colin,2013 | Bloomsbury
Publishing
Series: Education as a Humanitarian Response
Available
Do street children go to school，and if not，why not? What
kind of education can be “meaningful” to young people
affected by conflict? The contributors explore groups of
children and young people who have...
Read this book | View details | Add to Collection
Children with School Problems：A Physician’s Manual
The Canadian Paediatric Society；Andrews Debra；
Mahoney William J,2012 | Wiley
Available
The physician’s guide to diagnosing and treating learning
disabilities in children.1 in 10 Canadians have a learning
disability，and doctors must be able to identify，
diagnose，treat，and manage children...
Read this book | View details | Add to Collection
Songs in Their Heads：Music and Its Meaning in
Children’s Lives
Campbell Patricia Shehan,1998 | Oxford University Press
Available
This book explores the musical interest and needs of children
in their daily lives.Based upon their expressed thoughts and
actual “musicking”behaviors，this text examines the songs
they sing，the rhythms...
Read this book | View details | Add to Collection
Young Children as Artists：Art and Design in the Early
Years and Key Stage 1
Tutchell Suzy,2014 | Taylor and Francis
Available
From the moment a child is born，they interact with the
sensory world，looking at colours，feeling textures；
constructing mental and physical images of what they see
and experience.Within all early years...
Read this book | View details | Add to Collection
Big Ideas for Little Kids：Teaching Philosophy Through
Children’s Literature
Wartenberg Thomas E,2014 | Rowman & Littlefield
Publishers
Available
Big Ideas for Little Kids includes everything a teacher，a
parent，or a college student needs to teach philosophy to
elementary school children from picture books.Written in a
clear and accessible style，...
Read this book | View details | Add to Collection
46．Suppose you are doing research on children’s relationship skills，you may want to read
.
A．Circle Time for Young Children
B．Children with School Problems：A Physician’s Manual
C．Education and Disadvantaged Children and Young People
D．Build It，Make It，Do It，Play It！Guides for Children and Teens
47．Which book would you recommend to someone interested in children’s mental images?
A．Connecting Animals and Children in Early Childhood.
B．Songs in Their Heads：Music and Its Meaning in Children’s Lives.
C．Big Ideas for Little Kids: Teaching Philosophy Through Children’s Literature.
D．Young Children as Artists：Art and Design in the Early Years and Key Stage 1.
48．How many books published in 2015 are found in this search?
A．9.
B．90.
C．118.
D．290.
49．Children with School Problems：A Physician’s Manual is most likely intended for
.
A．educators
B．librarians
C．doctors
D．artists
C
A scientist working at her lab bench and a sixmonthold baby playing with his food might seem to have little in
common.After all，the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world，and the
baby is，well，just playing...right？Perhaps，but some developmental psychologists(心理学家) have argued that this
“play” is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.
Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table.Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge，it falls to
the ground—and，in the process，it brings out important evidence about how physical objects interact(相互作用)：bowls
of rice do not float in midair，but require support to remain stable.It is likely that babies are not born knowing the basic
fact of the universe；nor are they ever clearly taught it.Instead，babies may form an understanding of object support
through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact.Though their
ranges and tools differ，the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim(to learn about
the natural world)，overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world)，and logic (are my observations what I
expected？)．
Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way—that they
investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means.For example，it may only be through repeated
experiments，evidence gathering，and finally overturning a theory，that a baby will come to accept the idea that other
people can have different views and desires from what he or she has，for example，unlike the child，Mommy actually
doesn’t like Dove chocolate.
Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on how children learn，but it also offers an
inspiring look at science and scientists.Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike? Psychologists have
suggested that science as an effort—the desire to explore，explain，and understand our world—is simply something that
comes from our babyhood.Perhaps evolution(进化) provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain
their worlds，and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children.The same cognitive(认
知的) systems that make young children feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult
scientists.As some psychologists put it，“It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.”
50．According to some developmental psychologists，
.
A．a baby’s play is nothing more than a game
B．scientific research into babies’ games is possible
C．the nature of babies’ play has been thoroughly investigated
D．a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment
51．We learn from Paragraph 2 that
.
A．scientists and babies seem to observe the world differently
B．scientists and babies often interact with each other
C．babies are born with the knowledge of object support
D．babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do
52．Children may learn the rules of language by
.
A．exploring the physical world
B．investigating human psychology
C．repeating their own experiments
D．observing their parents’ behaviors
53．What is the main idea of the last paragraph?
A．The world may be more clearly explained through children’s play.
B．Studying babies’ play may lead to a better understanding of science.
C．Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.
D．One’s drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.
54．What is the author’s tone when he discusses the connection between scientists’ research and babies’ play?
A．Convincing.
B．Confused.
C．Confident.
D．Cautious.
D
Two things changed my life：my mother and a white plastic bike basket.I have thought long and hard about it and it’s
true.I would be a different person if my mom hadn’t turned a silly bicycle accessory into a life lesson I carry with me today.
My mother and father were united in their way of raising children，but it mostly fell to my mother to actually carry
it out.Looking back，I honestly don’t know how she did it.Managing the family budget must have been a very hard task，
but she made it look effortless.If we complained about not having what another kid did，we’d hear something like，“I
don’t care what soandso got for his birthday，you are not getting a TV in your room/a car for your birthday/a lavish
sweet16 party.” We had to earn our allowance(零用钱) by doing chores around the house.I can still remember how long
it took to polish the legs of our coffee table.My brothers can no doubt remember hours spent cleaning the house.Like the
two little girls growing up at the White House，we made our own beds (no one left the house until that was done)and
picked up after ourselves.We had to keep track of our belongings，and if something was lost，it was not replaced.
It was summer and，one day，my mother drove me to the bike shop to get a tire fixed—and there it was in the
window.White，shiny，plastic and decorated with flowers，the basket winked at me and I knew—I knew—I had to have
it.
“It’s beautiful，” my mother said when I pointed it out to her，“What a neat basket.”
I tried to hold off at first.I played it cool for a short while.But then I guess I couldn’t stand it any longer：“Mom，
please can I please，please get it? I’ll do extra chores for as long as you say.I’ll do anything，but I need that basket.I love
that basket.Please，Mom.Please？”
I was desperate.
“You know，” she said，gently rubbing my back while we both stared at what I believed was the coolest thing ever，
“If you save up you could buy this yourself.”
“By the time I make enough it’ll be gone！”
“Maybe Roger here could hold it for you，” she smiled at Roger，the bike guy.
“He can’t hold it for that long，Mom.Someone else will buy it.Please，Mom，please？”
“There might be another way，”she said.
And so our paying plan unfolded.My mother bought the beautiful basket and put it safely in some hiding place I
couldn’t find.Each week I eagerly counted my growing saving increased by extra work here and there (washing the car，
helping my mother make dinner，delivering or collecting things on my bike that already looked naked without the basket
in front)．And then，weeks later，I counted，recounted and jumped for joy.Oh，happy day! I made it! I finally had the
exact amount we’d agreed upon...
Days later the unthinkable happened.A neighborhood girl I’d played with millions of times appeared with the exact
same basket fixed to her shiny，new bike that already had all the bells and whistles.I rode hard and fast home to tell my
mother about this disaster.This horrible turn of events.
And then came the lesson I’ve taken with me through my life：“Honey，your basket is extraspecial，” Mom said，
gently wiping away my hot tears.“Your basket is special because you paid for it yourself.”
55．What can we learn from the first two paragraphs?
A．The children enjoyed doing housework.
B．The author came from a welloff family.
C．The mother raised her children in an unusual way.
D．The children were fond of the US president’s daughters.
56．When the author saw the basket in the window，she
.
A．fell in love with it
B．stared at her mother
C．recognized it at once
D．went up to the bike guy
57．Why did the author say many “pleases” to her mother?
A．She longed to do extra work.
B．She was eager to have the basket.
C．She felt tired after standing too long.
D．She wanted to be polite to her mother.
58．By using “naked” (Paragraph 12)，the author seems to stress that the basket was
.
A．something she could afford
B．something important to her
C．something impossible to get
D．something she could do without
59．To the author，it seemed to be a horrible turn of events that
.
A．something spoiled her paying plan
B．the basket cost more than she had saved
C．a neighborhood girl had bought a new bike
D．someone else had got a basket of the same kind
60．What is the life lesson the author learned from her mother?
A．Save money for a rainy day.
B．Good advice is beyond all price.
C．Earn your bread with your sweat.
D．God helps those who help themselves.
第二节：下面文章中有5 处(第61～65 题)需要添加小标题。请从以下选项(A、B、C、D、E 和F)中选出符合各
段意思的小题。选项中有一项是多余选项。
A．Get involved in student activities
B．Your voice is actually super important
C．There is a significant increase of opportunities
D．Stay in active communication with your friends
E．Get smart about the people who you spend your time with
F．Your major does not matter as much in your first year of college
Five Things Nobody Told Me about College
As I type this，I am in my university dorm room.A year ago，when I was awaiting to hear the results of my college
applications，I often went to websites for some type of insider look on what college would be like.However，there’s only
so much that prep books，websites，and older friends can teach.Here are the top 5 things nobody told me about college：
61．
Nobody entering a university knows exactly what they want to study.If they tell you otherwise，they’re lying and will
probably change what they want to pursue within the first quarter of attendance.During my first quarter at University of
California，Riverside (UCR)，I thought that I wanted to study Political Science with its focus on International Affairs，
so that’s what I applied for.However，once I worked with statewide and local government，I realized that a better fit for
me would be Public Policy，and now I am in the process of changing my area.
62．
In college，there are so many good chances for you to meet your expectations.However，there is a very important
difference between wanting to do something and applying for something.In order for you to take full advantage of the
conferences，researches，internships(实习)，and fellowships that your university offers，apply! Step into your
academic advisor’s office，introduce yourself，and begin making the valuable connections that are necessary to help
during the rest of your college career.Great things happen when you step out of your comfort zone，and you would be
surprised on how many chances exist if you just ask.
63．
College is where you meet your bridesmaids，groomsmen，neighbors，and potential bosses.The relationships you
develop now will probably be linked to the ones you value later，so be wise about the people who you invest yourself
in.You are only one person，and you do not have time to waste on people who would rather cause drama or mess up with
your purpose.Surround yourself with uplifting individuals who challenge you to be better while loving you for who you
are，and be patient to the people who are the complete opposite of that description.
64．
As a firstyear，I was afraid to make any noise towards campus issues that I noticed.It was not until I became involved
in student government that I gained the confidence to handle projects that I created with the help of ASUCR Office of the
President.During my first quarter，I spoke directly to the Chancellor(校长)，asking him for support towards my
initiatives(提议)，met with the Vice Chancellors，and cooperated with my teaching assistants to begin my undergraduate
research project.Nothing good will happen when you are silent.
65．
At my high school，there were about only four active clubs and organizations that students could be a part of.Imagine
my surprise when I stepped foot onto UCR’s campus，where over 400 organizations exist，ranging from political
organizations to karate club.You are not paying all of your tuition(学费)to merely go to class，study，pass tests and
graduate.Make something worthy out of your experience.Create stories that you will want to tell your grandchildren one
day.It all begins here，by signing up to join an organization.
非选择题部分(共40 分)
第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40 分)
第一节 短文改错(共10 小题；每小题1 分，满分10 分)
下面短文中有10 处语言错误。请在有错误的地方增加、删除或修改某个单词。
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写上该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写上修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2．只允许修改10 处，多者(从第11 处起)不计分。
When I was a very young children，my father created a regular practice I remember well years late.Every time he
arrived home at end of the day，we’d greet her at the door.He would ask who we was and pretend not to knowing us.Then
he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day and hers.While
they chat，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit in the top of the fridge.It was both excited and frightening to be
up there!
My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.
第二节 书面表达(满分30 分)
“Planning is good，but doing is better.”是一句英语名言。请以此为题用英语写一篇100～120 词的短文。
要求如下：
1．简述你对这句名言的理解；
2．用一个具体事例加以说明；
3．给出恰当的结尾。
注意：文章的标题已给出，不计入总词数。
Planning Is Good，But Doing Is Better
【答案解析】
1．答案 B
解析 考查交际用语。句意为：——你确定为考试做好准备了吗？——没问题，我准备好了。I’m afraid not 恐怕
不；No problem 没问题；Hard to say 很难说；Not really 不完全是，不见得。根据语境，知选B。
2．答案 D
解析 考查冠词。句意为：这次比赛给获胜者的奖励是在巴黎度假两周。第一个空格表示对比赛获胜者的奖励，
是特指，故用the。第二个空格泛指一次为期两周的假期，用不定冠词a。故选D 项。
3．答案 A
解析 考查代词。句意为：在许多方面，美国的教育制度与英国的并没有很大的不同。代词 that 指代前文中出
现的the education system。this 这个；one 泛指上文提到过的同类事物中的一个；it 指代上文提到过的同一事物。
根据语境可知应选A 项。
4．答案 C
解析 考查名词辨析。句意为：按时缴纳电费很重要，因为逾期缴纳可能会影响你的信用。condition 情况，条
件； income 收入，收益；credit 信誉，信用；status 身份，地位。根据句意，知答案为C。
5．答案 C
解析 考查连词。句意为：尽管网上购物已经改变了我们的生活，但并非它的所有影响都是积极正面的。while
引导让步状语从句，意为“尽管，虽然”；since 既然，自从；after 在……之后；unless 除非。故选C。
6．答案 B
解析 考查介词短语辨析。句意为：那个年轻人诚实而且善于合作，总是在你需要帮助的时候出现。总之，他
是可靠的。or else 否则，要不然；in short 总之，简言之；by the way 顺便说一下；for one thing 一方面。 根据句
意可知答案为B。
7．答案 B
解析 考查介词。句意为：该项研究表明，我们成长的文化环境会影响我们看我们周围的世界的基本过程。in
the cultures 在……的文化中，为固定搭配，故选B。
8．答案 A
解析 考查动词辨析。句意为：当我们学会求同存异，而非对立分歧时，我们会收获颇多。divide 分开；reject
拒绝；control 控制；abandon 放弃，抛弃。根据句意可知选A。
9．答案 A
解析 考查动词的时态。句意为：到大约公元前 100 年时，丝绸就已成为沿丝绸之路进行交易的主要货物之一。
“by＋过去时间”作状语，谓语应用过去完成时态。根据句意可知选A。
10．答案 D
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意为：为了再讨论一下水污染的问题，我想让大家看一项2012 年在澳大利亚进行的
研究。分析句子成分可知，句中没有连词，所以空处用非谓语动词，且 a study 和 conduct 构成逻辑上的动宾关
系，所以用过去分词作后置定语。
11．答案 B
解析 考查定语从句。句意为：科学家们已经提出许多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，其中没有一个得到
证实。分析句子成分可知，逗号后是“代词＋of＋which/whom”引导的非限制性定语从句，先行词many theories，
指物，故应用 which。
12．答案 C
解析 考查动词短语辨析。句意为：当孩子们住得离他们很远时，这些老人们感觉是与外界隔离了。carry away
带走，夺走；break down 抛锚，垮掉； cut off 切断，隔离； bring up 抚养，提出。 根据句意可知选C。
13．答案 D
解析 考查副词辨析。句意为：突然停下来可能是一次非常可怕的经历，尤其是你正在高速行驶时。especially
特别，尤其，符合语境。eventually 最终；strangely 奇怪地；merely 仅仅，只。
14．答案 C
解析 考查动词辨析。句意为：当最后决定选一门课程时，我决定申请那门反映我兴趣的课程。reflect 反映，体
现，符合语境。limit 限制；reserve 预订，保留；spoil 毁掉，溺爱。
15．答案 D
解析 考查虚拟语气。句意为：如果各国政府和科学家们不一起合作的话，与艾滋病相关的死亡人数就不会自
2005 年的最高值降下来。根据Had the governments and scientists not worked together 可知事情发生在过去，因此
是对过去情况的虚拟，主句用would have done 形式。故选D 项。
16．答案 A
解析 考查形容词辨析。句意为：在这篇文章里，你需要用具体的例子来支持你的总体性陈述。specific 具体的，
特定的；permanent 永久的；abstract 抽象的；universal 通用的，普遍的。根据句意可知选A。
17．答案 C
解析 考查情态动词。句意为：乔治不可能走远。他的咖啡还是热的。can’t have done 表示对过去情况的否定推
测，意为“不可能做了……”。
18．答案 D
解析 考查形容词辨析。句意为：我一直喜欢你组织的所有活动，希望在未来几年里能参加更多的活动。many
more 后省略了events。根据句意可知选D。
19．答案 A
解析 考查非谓语动词。句意为：航海的乐趣与我现在和学生一起上课的乐趣一样多。题干中的do 指代前面的
have fun，have fun doing sth.做某事很开心，是固定搭配，故选A。
20．答案 B
解析 考查交际用语。句意为：——电影将在八点半开始，我们走之前可以随便吃点什么。——听起来不错。
八点十分见。Sounds great 听起来不错，用来表示同意对方的建议，符合语境。So long 再见；Good luck 祝你好
运；Have a good time 玩得愉快。
【语篇解读】 这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述自己为了离丈夫近一些，住在他所在的沙漠的军营里，寂寞的生活
和恶劣的生存环境让作者难以忍受，她写信告诉父母要回家。父亲给她的信中就两行字，就是这两行字使作者
改变了生活态度，学会了在逆境中享受生活。
21．答案 C
解析 根据空格前的went to live there 可以看出，作者到那里住的目的是希望离丈夫近(near)一些。off 离开；
behind 在……后面；near 在……附近；beyond 超出，远于。
22．答案 A
解析 根据上文使用的过去时及第二段第三句“I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer.”可知，作者在此之前
(before)从未那么不快乐过。before 在……之前；already 已经；then 然后，那么；still 仍然。
23．答案 D
解析 由破折号后的“...almost 125°F even in the shade of a cactus(仙人掌)．”可知，即便是在仙人掌的阴凉里，这
种炎热也是让人无法忍受的(unbearable)。inflexible 缺乏弹性的，不可改变的；incomprehensible 难懂的，不可理
解的；uncontrollable 控制不住的，无法管束的；unbearable 无法忍受的，承受不住的。
24．答案 B
解析 由该段内容可以看出，作者所居住的地方环境很恶劣，可推知空格处应该指这里没有(not)作者可以与之
聊天的人。only 仅仅，只有；not 没有；many 许多；such 那样的。
25．答案 B
解析 be covered with 用……覆盖；be filled with 充满……；be buried with 被……掩埋；be charged with 被指控
犯……(罪)。由该句语境可以看出，无论是作者吃的食物还是呼吸的空气，到处都充满了(were filled with)沙子。
26．答案 C
解析 由后面的“I said I couldn’t stand it one minute longer.”可以看出，由于居住地恶劣的环境，作者打算放弃(give
up)并准备回家。catch up 赶上；keep up 保持，维持；give up 放弃；get up 起床。
27．答案 C
解析 由该空所在句可知，作者在信中告诉父母，她一分钟也坚持不下去了，她宁愿(would rather)去蹲监狱。
ought to 应该；might well 有可能；would rather 宁愿；had better 最好。
28．答案 D
解析 由该段第一句中的“...I wrote to my parents.”可知，作者给自己的父母写了封信。request 请求，要求；call
通话，召唤；question 问题；letter 信。
29．答案 D
解析 由下文可以看出，作者父亲的这两行话彻底改变了作者对生活的态度，所以这两行话总是在她的记忆
(memory)里唱响。comparison 对比；imagination 想象；consideration 考虑，体贴；memory 记忆。
30．答案 A
解析 由上下文语境可知，作者收到父亲的信后反复(over and over)阅读，并为自己感到羞愧。over and over 再三，
反复；by and by 不久，很快；up and down 上上下下，来回；now and then 不时，时常。
31．答案 C
解析 由上文可知，空格所在句表示作者下定决心找到自己目前处境(situation)的优势。company 陪伴，公司；
occupation 工作，占用；situation 处境，状况；relationship 关系。
32．答案 B
解析 由该段内容可知，作者与当地人交朋友，而他们把最喜欢的艺术品作为礼物送给作者。他们的反应
(reaction)让作者感到吃惊。movement 运动，活动；reaction 反应；guidance 指导；purpose 目的。
33．答案 A
解析 由上下文语境可知，当地人对作者做出的反应让作者感到吃惊，因为他们竟然舍得将拒绝(refuse)卖给游
客的艺术品当作礼物送给作者。refuse 拒绝；fail 失败，不及格；manage 管理；happen 发生，碰巧。
34．答案 B
解析 各选项均可与空格后的for 构成短语。ask for 请求，要求；hunt for 寻找；wait for 等待；head for 前往……。
由下文中的定语从句“...that had been left there millions of years ago...”可知，作者在沙漠里寻找(hunt for)几百万年前
遗留下来的贝壳。
35．答案 A
解析 由空格所在句“...when the sands of the desert had been an ocean .”可知，沙漠里的沙地曾经是海底
(floor)。floor 底部，地面；surface 表面；rock 岩石；level 水平。
36．答案 D
解析 由上文可以看出，作者由最初的抱怨并打算放弃在沙漠中的生活，到后来接受自己的处境并学会欣赏生
活中的美好可以看出，作者的变化是令人十分惊讶的(astonishing)。shocking 骇人的；challenging 具有挑战性的；
puzzling 令人感到迷惑的。
37．答案 B
解析 由上文可以看出，沙漠没有改变，但(but)作者发生了变化。as 表原因；but 表转折；for 表原因；or 表示
出现相反的情况。
38．答案 A
解析 由上文可以看出，作者由最初的不快乐到后来学会享受沙漠生活，完全是因为自己对生活的态度发生了
改变。attitude 态度；principle 原则；identity 身份，一致；standard 标准。
39．答案 D
解析 所给选项中的adventure 与该句中的experience 相对应。vacation 假期；operation 操作，手术；affair 事务，
事件；adventure 冒险，奇遇。
40．答案 C
解析 作者将自己从最初感受到沙漠之苦到后来体验到沙漠生活的快乐的转变比喻为在自设的监狱里发现(find)
了星星。seek 寻找；count 数数；find 发现；reach 到达。
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了闲话的三个影响：一是它会伤害人们的感情；二是它会给
说闲话的人带来一种奇怪的满足感；三是它会在群体中导致社交压力。
41．答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第三段倒数第二句“Many of our conversations are gossip(闲话)．”以及下文提到的
gossip 的三个影响可推知开头的对话是为了引出本文的主题，故选A。
42．答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第四段第一句“An important negative effect of gossip is that it can hurt the person being
talked about.”可知主要危害是它会给被讨论的人带来不愉快的经历，故选D。
43．答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第五段第二句“The answer lies in another effect of gossip: the satisfaction it gives us.”可
知人们散播传言是因为它会带来满足感，故选A。
44．答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第六段第二句“Professor David Wilson explains that gossip is important in policing
behaviours in a group.”可知他认为传言能帮助人们观察自身的行为，故选B。
45．答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段最后一句“The next time you feel the urge to spread the latest news，think
about why you want to gossip and what effects your ‘juicy story’ might have.”
可知作者的建议是让人们在传言之前三思而后行。故选D。
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇应用文。主要介绍了从一所大学的图书馆的数据库里搜索得到的一些结果。
46．答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据Circle Time for Young Children 部分的句子“As a basis for teaching relationship skills...”
可知这本书和孩子的社交技巧有关，故选A。
47．答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据Young Children as Artists：Art and Design in the Early Years and Key Stage 1 中的
“...constructing mental and physical images of what they see and experience.”可知通过这本书能了解孩子的思维方式，
故选D。
48．答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据侧边栏的Year Published 下的2015 (90)，可知有90 本书是2015 年出版的。故选B。
49．答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据Children with School Problems：A Physician’s Manual 部分的“The physician’s guide to
diagnosing and treating learning disabilities in children.”可知这本书是给医生读的资料，故选C。
【语篇解读】 本文是一篇议论文。作者提出自己的观点：六个月大的婴儿不断把碗从桌子边上推下去的这个
简单的游戏动作，其实包含着很深刻的道理，它与科学家做实验有很多相似之处。我们追求科学的态度其实源
于我们的儿童时代。
50．答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句中的“...but some developmental psychologists(心理学家) have argued that
this ‘play’ is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.”可知心理学家觉得孩子的玩耍和科学家的研究
有共同之处，故选D。
51．答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第二段最后一句中的“...overall approach (gathering direct evidence from the world)．..”
可知孩子也会像科学家一样收集证据，故选D。
52．答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据文章第三段第二句“For example，it may only be through repeated experiments，evidence
gathering，and finally overturning a theory...”可知孩子可以通过重复自己的实验来学习语言的规律，故选C。
53．答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句“Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws light on
how children learn，but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists.”可知，研究孩子可以让人们更好地了
解科学，故选B。
54．答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据作者在文中的用词appear to 和may 来弱化绝对性的表达，和通过引用其他人的观点
some psychologists suggest/argue that 可知，作者的语气是谨慎的。故选D。
【语篇解读】 本文为一篇记叙文。作者回忆自己母亲对孩子不寻常的教育方法。通过一个自行车篮子的事情，
母亲教会作者什么事情都要自力更生，通过自己努力得到的东西才是珍贵的。
55．答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的句子“We had to earn our allowance(零用钱) by doing chores around the
house....we made our own beds (no one left the house until that was done)and picked up after ourselves.We had to keep
track of our belongings，and if something was lost，it was not replaced.”可知，作者的母亲用不寻常的方法教育孩子。
故选C。
56．答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的句子“White，shiny，plastic and decorated with flowers，the basket winked at
me and I knew—I knew—I had to have it.”可知，当作者在橱窗里面看见这个篮子一眼就喜欢上了它。故选A。
57．答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“I tried to hold off at first，I played it cool for a short while. But then I guess I
couldn’t stand it any longer...”可知，作者说了很多“pleases”，因为她渴望拥有这个篮子。故选B。
58．答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据画线词所在段的句子“…(washing the car，helping my mother make dinner，delivering or
collecting things on my bike that already looked naked without the basket in front)．”可知，作者觉得没有这个篮子，
自行车看起来光秃秃的，使用“naked”这个词，说明这个篮子对她是个重要的东西。故选B。
59．答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中的句子“A neighborhood girl I’d played with millions of times appeared with
the exact same basket fixed to her shiny，new bike that already had all the bells and whistles.”可知看到邻家女孩自行车
上的车篮和自己钟爱的车篮相同，而且人家的自行车装备更齐全，作者受不了了。故选D。
60．答案 C
解析 主旨大意题。根据文章内容可知，作者的妈妈教育作者要通过自己的努力获得想要的东西，也就是“Earn
your bread with your sweat.”。故选C。
【语篇解读】 本文主要介绍了作者在大学体会到的五件重要的事情。
61．F [根据本段前两句“Nobody entering a university knows exactly what they want to study. If they tell you otherwise，
they’re lying and will probably change what they want to pursue within the first quarter of attendance.”可知，这段主要
介绍了：你的专业在大学一年级不重要。故选F。]
62．C [根据本段首句“In college，there are so many good chances for you to meet your expectations.”可知，本段主
要介绍了：机会会不断增加。故选C。]
63．E [根据本段第二句“The relationships you develop now will probably be linked to the ones you value later，so be
wise about the people who you invest yourself in.”可知，这段主要介绍了：对于在一起的人要理性一些。故选E。]
64．B [根据本段最后一句“Nothing good will happen when you are silent.”可知，这段主要介绍了：你说的话实际
上非常重要。故选B。]
65．A [根据本段最后一句“It all begins here，by signing up to join an organization.”可知，这段主要介绍了：参与
一些学生的活动。故选A。]
第一节
答案
When I was a very young
，my father created a regular practice I remember well years
.Every time he
children
child
late
later
arrived home at
end of the day，we’d greet
at the door.He would ask who we
and pretend not to
∧
the
her
him
was
were
us.Then he and my mother would have had a drink while she prepared dinner and they would talk about his day
knowing
know
and hers.While they
，my father would lift my sister and me up to sit
the top of the fridge.It was both
chat
chatted
in
on
excited
exciting
and frightening to be up there!
My sister and I thought he was so cool for putting us there.
66．children→child [因为前面有不定冠词a，所以这里用单数。故children 改成child。]
67．late→later [late 是形容词“迟的”，或副词“迟地”，但是一段时间后面应该接later，表示“……时间以后”。
故late 改成later。]
68．at 后面加the [at the end of 在……末，为固定搭配。]
69．her→him [根据上文可知我们每天在门口迎接爸爸。用him 指代my father，作greet 的宾语。故her 改成
him。]
70．was→were [这句话的主语是we，谓语用复数，而且这篇文章是作者回忆小时候的事情，用一般过去时。
故was 改成were。]
71．knowing→know [pretend 后面接不定式作宾语，这里是否定式pretend not to do。故knowing 改成know。]
72．去掉had [would do 表示“过去常常做”。]
73．chat→chatted [根据主句内容my father would lift my sister 可知while 引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时。
故chat 改成chatted。]
74．in→on [on the top of...为固定搭配，意为“在……的上面/顶端”。故in 改成on。]
75．excited→exciting [这句话的主语是形式主语it，真正的主语是to be up there，主语是物的时候，表语应该用
现在分词形式的形容词。故excited 改成exciting。]
第二节
参考范文
Planning Is Good，But Doing Is Better
Planning is good as it decides in detail how we do.However，a plan can bear no fruit without being actually carried
out.
My experience in the English speech contest last October is a case in point.A month before the event，I spent hours
working out a schedule outlining my goals and practical steps.After that，I set out to read widely for an inspiring topic，
wrote a speech，and practiced its delivery in beautiful pronunciation with good public speech skills.I finally came out of
the contest as the first prize winner.
I know how I achieved my success. It came from good planning and better doing combined.
