【高中英语这样学】【回归课本】外研社|选修二|Unit 4: Breaking boundaries|语法&口语和写作

学习重点

Ø词汇学习【高中英语这样学】【回归课本】外研社｜选修二｜Unit 4: Breaking boundaries｜词汇学习

Ø语法：It as an empty subject

Ø口语&写作：Write a speech & Give a presentation about breaking a boundary in society

语法：it 作形式主语 it as an empty subject

✅ 核心句型：It is + adj. + to do sth.

it 本身没有实际含义，只是形式主语；真正的主语是后面的不定式 to do…

✍ 中文口诀：it 放句首，不定式在后；it 只占位，才是真主语

课本句子分析

a. But it is vital not to take any chances.

b. But not to take any chances is vital.

c. It is important to remember that Ebola doesn’t respect national boundaries.

d. To remember that Ebola doesn’t respect national boundaries is important.

- 句a真正主语：not to take any chances（不冒险）

- 句c真正主语：to remember that Ebola doesn’t respect national boundaries（记住埃博拉病毒不受国界限制这件事）

用 it 放在句首充当形式主语，把很长的不定式后置。句式平衡，是英语最常用、地道的写法，阅读写作高频句型

✅ it作形式主语用法总结

✅ 基本结构：

It + be + 形容词 (vital / important / easy / difficult / possible / common) + (not) to do …

👉 翻译：做……是……的

拓展形容词：necessary, hard, natural, surprising, realistic

✅ 其他句型

1.It is + n. + to do：It is a common thing to … 做……是很平常的事

2.It + 实义动词 + it + adj. + to do：make it possible to do 使做某事成为可能

❗易错点：形式主语只能用it，不能用that / this

改写练习（用it作形式主语改写）

原句①：…to get roles in American film and television is no longer quite so difficult for women and minorities.

✅改写：It is no longer quite so difficult for women and minorities to get roles in American film and television.

原句②：…to become a leading actor in Hollywood is now a more realistic hope for minority actors.

✅改写：It is now a more realistic hope for minority actors to become a leading actor in Hollywood.

原句③：…to write and direct Hollywood films is more common than before for women.

✅改写：It is more common than before for women to write and direct Hollywood films.

原句④：…to cast white actors as Asian characters is seen as acceptable by film studios.

✅改写：It is seen as acceptable by film studios to cast white actors as Asian characters.

💡句型：It + be + adj. + for sb. to do sth.

👉 对某人来说，做某事是……的

句子仿写（描述北京，it形式主语）

开头：Beijing today is multicultural. It is not a surprising thing for students to see different skin colours in the same class.

1.possible / people hear many different languages and dialects

✅ It is possible for people to hear many different languages and dialects.

人们有可能听到许许多多不同的语言和方言。

2.easy / people find products from all over the world

✅ It is easy for people to find products from all over the world.

人们很容易买到来自世界各地的商品。

3.not difficult / foreigners settle down and find a job

✅ It is not difficult for foreigners to settle down and find a job.

外国人在这里定居、找一份工作并不难。

4.a common thing / people from different countries work in the same company

✅ It is a common thing for people from different countries to work in the same company.

来自不同国家的人在同一家公司上班是很常见的事。

拓展范文（任选一座城市· Shanghai 上海）

Shanghai is a world-famous international city.

It is easy for visitors from every corner of the globe to find their favourite food here.

It is possible for young people to make friends with people of different cultures.

It is not difficult for foreigners to get used to the life in Shanghai.

It is a common thing for international companies to set up their branches in this city.

📖 精读文章 The global village 《地球村》

原文

Nowadays, people all over the world are becoming more and more connected, as if the world were getting smaller – as if mankind were living in a global village.

Technology is largely responsible for bringing people together. Channels of communication, such as the mobile phone and the Internet, have made it possible to speak instantly with someone on the other side of the planet, enabling us to form close connections with people of completely different cultures.

The television, meanwhile, is a window on the world, giving us quick and easy access to other cultures and lifestyles.

Cultural exchange helps us to be more inclusive and to overcome culture shock. But inclusiveness doesn’t mean that our cultures will merge into one another. Rather, it’s about countries and people making a joint effort to come together to create a more harmonious and understanding world, so that we can all enjoy the mutual benefits.

✅ 重点短语

1.channels of communication 沟通渠道

2.make it possible to do… 使做某事成为可能（it形式宾语！高考高频）

3.a window on the world 世界之窗

4.have access to … 可以接触/获得……

5.inclusive adj. 包容广阔的

6.overcome culture shock 克服文化冲击

7.merge into 合并成

8.make a joint effort 共同努力

9.harmonious adj. 和睦融洽的

10.mutual benefits 共同的利益

✨区分：

✅ It is +adj. +to do → it 形式主语

✅ make it +adj. +to do → it 形式宾语（本课文重点拓展，语法填空、写作高分句型）

例：The Internet makes it easy to communicate with foreign friends.

互联网使我们和外国朋友交流变得容易。

📝 语法专项练习：it作形式主语

一、用 it 改写句子

1.To learn a foreign language well is important.

→ ________________________________________________

2.To tackle such a difficult problem is realistic for the team.

→ ________________________________________________

3.To overcome culture shock is not easy for new comers.

→ ________________________________________________

二、单句改错

1.That is vital to fight against the infectious disease.

改错：________ → ________

2.It important to remember the power of technology.

改错：________ → ________

三、翻译句子

1.对我们来说，了解不同的文化是很重要的。

2.现代科技使得人们远距离即时沟通成为可能。

✅ 练习题参考答案

一、改写

1.It is important to learn a foreign language well.

2.It is realistic for the team to tackle such a difficult problem.

3.It is not easy for new comers to overcome culture shock.

二、改错

1.That → It

2.It → It is

三、翻译参考

1.It is important for us to learn about different cultures.

2.Modern technology makes it possible for people to communicate instantly over long distances.

口语&写作：Write a speech & Give a presentation about breaking a boundary in society

📖 Writing a speech 演讲稿写作

写作主题：介绍一位促进两国相互理解、打破隔阂的人物

课文：埃德加·斯诺 Edgar Snow

✅ 课文学习

✨重点单词&短语

1.influential adj. 有影响力的

2.set foot in 踏入，造访

3.what set him apart from others 使他与众不同的是

4.day-to-day lives 日常生活

5.conduct interviews with… 采访……

6.capture the spirit of the period 捕捉时代精神

7.unprecedented authenticity 前所未有的真实性

8.special insight 独到的见解

9.risk one’s life 冒着生命危险

10.correct prejudice 纠正偏见

11.a must-read 必读书目

✍演讲稿写作框架

写作对象：帮助增进两国理解的人物

推荐写作人物：Norman Bethune 白求恩

Opening

Who the person is:

Norman Bethune was a Canadian doctor.

What boundary he / she has broken:

He broke the boundary between countries, bringing medical care and friendship from Canada to China.

Body

How he / she achieved this:

He travelled to China during the war. He operated on wounded soldiers, trained local doctors and devoted his whole life to saving Chinese people.

Summary

Comments on him / her:

He was selfless and great. His spirit of international friendship will always be remembered by Chinese people.

✨完整演讲稿范文

Norman Bethune — A Great Friend of China

Hello, everyone. Today I’d like to introduce Norman Bethune to you.

Norman Bethune was a Canadian doctor. He broke the boundary between China and Canada, bringing medical support and true friendship to China.

What set him apart from other foreigners was that he came to China when the war was going on. He risked his life to work in the front hospital. He operated on wounded soldiers day and night and trained many Chinese medical workers. He devoted all his energy to saving lives.

I admire Bethune for his selflessness and strong sense of duty. He gave up his comfortable life in his own country to help people in need. He is a true hero. For me, his story always reminds me of the power of cross‑cultural friendship.

Thank you!

✅万能句型

1.Today I’d like to introduce … to you. 今天我向大家介绍……

2.What set him apart from others was that… 使他与众不同的是……

3.He risked his life to … 他冒着生命危险去……

4.He devoted his whole life to … 他毕生致力于……

5.I admire him for … 我敬佩他……

6.His spirit will always be remembered. 他的精神将永远被铭记。

🎤 社会中的隔阂/界限

✅ the generation gap 代沟（老年人不熟悉智能手机）

✅ cultural boundaries 文化隔阂

✅ gender boundaries 性别偏见

✅ wealth gap 贫富差距

✅ racial boundaries 种族隔阂

✅ geographical / national boundaries 地域、国家边界

话题：代沟generation gap

1.What led to the boundary?

The fast development of technology. Teenagers grow up with smartphones while old people are not familiar with new digital products.

成因：科技快速发展；年轻人从小接触智能手机，老年人不熟悉数码产品。

2.Who is affected by the boundary?

Elderly people and young people. Old people may feel left behind. Young people may find it hard to communicate with their parents or grandparents.

受影响人群：老年人和年轻人。老人会感觉跟不上时代，年轻人很难和长辈沟通。

3.What can be done to remove the boundary?

Young people can patiently teach the elderly how to use mobile phones. The old can share their life experience with the young. More communication helps to bridge the gap.

解决办法：年轻人耐心教老年人使用手机；长辈和晚辈多交流。

4.How would society change if the boundary were removed?

Different generations will understand each other better. The whole society will become more harmonious.

改变：不同代际之间互相理解，社会更加和谐。

口头汇报范文（代沟主题）

Good morning everyone. Today my topic is the generation gap.

The generation gap is a common boundary in our society. It mainly comes from the rapid development of new technology. Many elderly people cannot keep up with digital life. Both the old and the young are affected.

But we can break this boundary. Young people can teach their grandparents to use smartphones. The elderly can share their stories with teenagers.

If we break this boundary, different generations will understand each other better and our society will become more harmonious.

That’s all. Thank you!

📚 配套小练习

一、短语填空

set foot in; risk one’s life; devote…to; set …apart from

1.What ________ him ________ other reporters was his deep love for China.

2.The doctor ________ his whole life ________ helping poor patients.

3.Journalists ________ to record the truth.

4.He first ________ China in the 1930s.

二、翻译句子

1.他毕生致力于增进两国之间的理解。

2.使他与众不同的是他敢于打破不同文化之间的壁垒。

✅ 配套小练习答案

一、短语填空

短语库：set foot in; risk one’s life; devote…to; set …apart from

1.What set him apart from other reporters was his deep love for China.

句意：使他和其他记者区别开来的是他对中国深深的热爱。

2.The doctor devoted his whole life to helping poor patients.

句意：这位医生毕生致力于救助贫困病人。

3.Journalists risked their lives to record the truth.

句意：记者冒着生命危险记录真相。

4.He first set foot in China in the 1930s.

句意：他在20世纪30年代第一次踏上中国的土地。

二、翻译句子

1.他毕生致力于增进两国之间的理解。

He devoted his whole life to improving understanding between the two countries.

2.使他与众不同的是他敢于打破不同文化之间的壁垒。

What set him apart from others was that he dared to break the boundaries between different cultures.