【高中英语这样学】【回归课本】外研社|选修三|Unit 4: A glimpse of the future|语法&口语和写作

学习重点

Ø词汇学习 【高中英语这样学】【回归课本】外研社｜选修三｜Unit 4: A glimpse of the future｜词汇学习

Ø语法：Subject-verb agreement (2)

Ø口语&写作：Continue a sci-fi story & Describe an ideal day in the future

语法：主谓一致（二）Subject‑verb agreement (2)

一、课本原句观察

a. …50 per cent of my time was spent researching new restaurants.

b. Every recommendation she gives me is great…

c. …almost 50 per cent of US jobs are at risk from automation in the next 20 years.

d. …none of us is prepared for the challenges of AI.

课本问题答案

1.Why is 50 per cent singular in sentence (a) but plural in sentence (c)?

解析：百分数作主语，谓语单复数由of后面的名词决定。

a句 of后是 time（不可数名词） → 谓语单数was

c句 of后是 US jobs（可数名词复数） →谓语复数are

2.What are the subjects in sentences (b) and (d)? Are they singular or plural?

- (b) 主语：Every recommendation；every+单数名词 →单数，用is

- (d) 主语：none of us；none of + 复数名词/代词，书面正式文体常用单数谓语；口语也可以用复数。

✅核心语法总结

1.分数 / 百分数 + of + 名词

谓语由of后的名词决定：

- of +不可数名词 → 谓语单数

- of +可数名词复数 →谓语复数

例：Two‑thirds of the water is polluted. 三分之二的水被污染。

例：Two‑thirds of the workers are young. 三分之二的工人是年轻人。

2.every / each + 单数名词 作主语，谓语永远单数

Every student has a task.

3.each of + 复数名词/代词，谓语单数

Each of the children receives a report.

4.none of + 复数名词/代词

正式写作：谓语单数；口语非正式：可用复数。考试书面优先写单数。

5.a number of +复数名词：许多……，谓语复数

A number of clients have come. 许多客户来了。

the number of +复数名词：……的数量，谓语单数

The number of clients is large.

6.one of + 复数名词 +定语从句，从句谓语用复数

one of the testing companies that compare…（课本原文）

二、短文阅读

Nowadays, there are many companies offering services in the domain of genetic testing for children’s talents. A large number of clients have been attracted to it. They are parents, eager to know what talents their children may have in the future, even though they may still be in kindergarten. The process is simple. Every child provides a small sample of blood or body tissue. These are analysed. Each of the children is given a report showing their possible talents. A recent example cited on the website is that one of the testing companies compare the talents of twins Bobby and Benny. Bobby was assessed and his talents were revealed to be mostly scientific: a 66% chance of success in chemistry and 54% in physics were shown. Meanwhile, Benny’s highest score was shown to be in an arts subject: the test gave him 68% for literary studies. Is genetic testing reliable? Some scientists say that more evidence is needed.

逐题解析

1.A large number of clients have →a number of +复数名词，谓语复数

2.Every child provides →every+单数名词，谓语单数

3.These are analysed →指代blood or body tissue，多个样本，复数

4.Each of the children is →each of +复数，谓语单数

5.one of the testing companies compare →one of +复数名词+定语从句，从句谓语复数

6.his talents were →talents复数，谓语复数

7.a 66% chance…and 54% in physics were →两件不同的数据，复数

8.Benny’s highest score was →score单数，谓语单数

9.more evidence is →evidence不可数名词，谓语单数

三、写作任务：描述另一颗未来星球

参考范文

On this ideal future planet, two‑fifths of its surface is covered with water. Three‑fifths of the land is farmland. A number of visitors are attracted to this planet. Each of the new settlers is given a warm welcome. None of the residents is worried about food shortage. Every new‑comer enjoys the comfortable environment here.

四、Did you know 拓展阅读（时间旅行悖论）

Time travel could result in a paradox — an event that contradicts itself. For example, if a person travelled back in time and prevented an event, that event would never have happened; there would therefore be no reason for the person to travel back in time to prevent it.

译文：时间旅行可能会造成悖论，即自相矛盾的事件。举例，如果一个人穿越回过去阻止某件事，这件事就从未发生过；于是这个人也就没有理由穿越回去阻止这件事。

📝自测

Ⅰ单句填空（用正确be/动词形式）

1.60 percent of the farmland ______(be) used to grow grain.

2.60 percent of the workers in the factory ______(be) young people.

3.Every participant ______(receive) a report after the test.

4.Each of the students ______(have) a chance to express his opinion.

5.A number of experts ______(support) this new technology.

6.None of the information ______(prove) to be reliable.

7.One of the problems that ______(arise) from AI is moral risk.

Ⅱ句子改错（划出错误，改正）

1.Fifty percent of my spare time are spent reading books. ____________

2.Each of the children are given a small gift. ____________

3.A number of client has signed the agreement. ____________

Ⅲ句子翻译（重点考察本单元主谓一致）

1.三分之二的城市土地被森林覆盖。

2.每一位使用者都应当遵守这项网络规则。

🔑自测参考答案

Ⅰ单句填空

1.is（farmland不可数）

2.are（workers复数）

3.receives（every+单数）

4.has（each of +复数，谓语单数）

5.support（a number of复数）

6.proves（information不可数；none of+不可数，单数谓语）

7.arise（one of +复数名词+定语从句，从句谓语复数）

Ⅱ改错

1.are → is ；time不可数

2.are → is；each of 谓语单数

3.client→clients；has→have；a number of后接复数名词，谓语复数

Ⅲ翻译

1.Two‑thirds of the city’s land is covered with forests.

2.Every user should obey this online rule.

口语&写作：Continue a sci-fi story & Describe an ideal day in the future

a sci‑fi story

Todd cried out in shock and waved his arm at the pale blue screen hovering above the breakfast table. The hologram news paused.

“Carolyn,” he called across the kitchen, “did you see this?”

His wife, Carolyn, was collecting her cereal from the breakfast robot. “What is it, honey?” she asked. Todd pointed at the floating blue screen. Carolyn read the headline:

Another prison breakout: faulty robotics blamed.

“Oh, don’t worry,” Carolyn chuckled. “That’s an old facility. The robots there were bound to break down sooner or later. Plus, I know for a fact that they weren’t well maintained,” she added. “Julius was telling me about it. That place isn’t as advanced as ours.”

“But the report says that even new, regularly‑maintained robots can break down,” Todd protested. “And in a maximum‑security prison like yours, one small error could cause a lot of problems.”

Carolyn smiled at him. “You worry too much,” she said. “Now, I’d better be going or I’ll be late for work.” She grabbed her bag from the kitchen counter and rushed out of the door. Todd heard the aircar start up outside. It was not until an hour later that he noticed that Carolyn had left her emergency call device on the breakfast table.

托德震惊地大叫，朝悬浮在早餐餐桌上方淡蓝色的屏幕挥动手臂。全息新闻暂停了。

“卡罗琳，”他隔着厨房喊道，“你看到这个了吗？”

他的妻子卡罗琳正从早餐机器人手中拿麦片。“怎么了，亲爱的？”她问道。托德指向悬浮的蓝色屏幕。卡罗琳读着新闻标题：

又一起监狱越狱事件：归咎于机器人故障。

“噢，别担心，”卡罗琳轻声笑道。“那是一所老旧设施。那里的机器人迟早会出故障。而且，我确切知道它们维护很差。”她补充道，“朱利叶斯跟我讲过这事。那个地方不如我们这边先进。”

“但是报道说，即便是新的、定期维护的机器人也会发生故障。”托德反驳道，“在像你所在的最高安保级别的监狱里，一个小小的失误就会引发一大堆麻烦。”

卡罗琳对他笑了笑。“你想得太多了。”她说，“好了，我得走了，不然上班就要迟到。”她从厨房台面上抓起包，冲出门外。托德听见外面飞行器启动的声音。直到一小时之后，他才发现卡罗琳把紧急呼叫设备落在了早餐桌上。

阅读理解题

1.What happened to the prison and what was the cause?

A prison breakout took place. It was caused by faulty / poorly‑maintained robotics.

翻译：发生了监狱越狱事件；起因是机器人故障（维护不到位）。

2.What kind of job do you think Carolyn has?

She works in a maximum‑security prison, probably as a manager or technical staff in charge of prison robot systems.

翻译：卡罗琳在一所最高安保等级监狱工作，很可能是管理人员或者负责机器人系统的技术人员。

3.Are there any sentences that might foreshadow what will happen next? Underline them.

✅foreshadowing（伏笔）句子

① But the report says that even new, regularly‑maintained robots can break down. And in a maximum‑security prison like yours, one small error could cause a lot of problems.

伏笔含义：暗示卡罗琳工作的监狱也有可能发生机器人故障、危机。

② It was not until an hour later that he noticed that Carolyn had left her emergency call device on the breakfast table.

伏笔含义：她把紧急呼叫装置落在家里，如果监狱出现险情，她无法及时求救，为后面危机埋下线索。

💡语法讲解：foreshadow v. （文学）埋下伏笔，预示；foreshadowing n. 伏笔，铺垫；科幻故事常用伏笔制造紧张悬念。

故事续写模板（Plan the rest of the story）

Setting

- Time: One hour after Carolyn left home, near noon, in the future

- Place: The high‑security prison where Carolyn works; Todd’s home

Characters

- Todd: Carolyn’s husband, worried about robot safety

- Carolyn: prison technical manager, at work without emergency call device

- Prison robots; prison guards

Plot

Todd finds the emergency call device. He tries to contact Carolyn but cannot get through. News comes that robots in Carolyn’s prison begin to act strangely. Something goes wrong inside the prison. Todd realises Carolyn is in danger and sets off for the prison right away.

Ending

Version1（紧张）：Todd arrives just in time and helps Carolyn solve the robot failure.

Version2（开放式）：The prison communication cuts off; we do not know whether Carolyn is safe.

✨参考续写范文

Todd stared at the emergency call device lying on the table. A wave of anxiety washed over him. He tried to ring Carolyn again and again, yet no reply came. Just then, the hologram news lit up once more: “Robot failure reported at the city’s maximum‑security prison.”

His heart raced. It was Carolyn’s workplace. Without her emergency device, she could not send for help. Todd rushed to his own aircar and headed straight for the prison. When he arrived, heavy metal gates were locked. Inside, some robots had stopped following orders. Carolyn stood in the control room, trying hard to reset the system. Fortunately, Todd managed to get into the building and handed her the missing device. Working together, they finally brought the faulty robots under control.

译文：托德盯着桌上的紧急呼叫设备，一阵焦虑涌上心头。他一遍一遍给卡罗琳打电话，却得不到回应。就在这时，全息新闻再次亮起：“本市最高安保监狱报告机器人故障。”

他心跳加速。这正是卡罗琳工作的地方。没有紧急呼叫装置，她无法求救。托德冲向自己的飞行器，直奔监狱。当他抵达时，厚重金属大门紧锁。监狱内部，部分机器人已经不再服从指令。卡罗琳站在控制室，奋力重置系统。幸运的是，托德设法进入大楼，把落下的设备交给她。两人通力合作，终于把故障机器人控制住。

Design your own ideal day in the future

写作思考点：

1.Weekday or weekend? What activities will you do?

2.Who do you want to spend the day with?

3.How is it different from life today?

✅参考范文

My Ideal Day in the Future

It will be a weekend. In the morning, I will study with my smart AI assistant. It will offer courses perfectly suitable for my level. Then I will have lunch with my family. Our food will be prepared by a household robot. In the afternoon, I will fly to a nearby man‑made park with my best friends in an aircar. We will enjoy the beautiful view. In the evening, we will meet other teenagers in a virtual space to share our hobbies.

This future life is quite different from today. AI and robots help us with many tasks, so we have more time for our interests. Yet I still value real‑world face‑to‑face communication.

译文：那会是一个周末。早上，我和智能AI助手学习，它提供完全适配我水平的课程。之后我和家人共进午餐，饭菜由家用机器人准备。下午，我和好朋友乘坐飞行器飞往附近人造公园，欣赏美景。晚上，我们在虚拟空间和其他青少年交流爱好。

未来生活和现在大不一样，人工智能机器人分担很多工作，我们拥有更多时间发展爱好，但我依旧看重现实中面对面的交往。

📝课后巩固练习

Ⅰ单词填空（foreshadow, faulty, emergency, consistent, paradox）

1.The writer uses small details to ________ what will happen later in the story.

2.The accident was caused by ________ robot parts.

3.Please keep this ________ phone within your reach when danger appears.

4.Time‑travel stories often create a ________, something that contradicts itself.

5.Make sure your story style is ________ from beginning to end.

Ⅱ翻译

1.这个细节为后面的危险埋下伏笔。（foreshadow）

2.在科幻小说中，小小的机器故障可以引发巨大危机。

🔑参考答案

Ⅰ单词填空

1.foreshadow

2.faulty

3.emergency

4.paradox

5.consistent

Ⅱ翻译

1.This detail foreshadows the coming danger.

2.In science‑fiction stories, a small faulty machine can cause huge crises.