外研高中英语选修四Unit6|十大高考高频核心词精讲+专项练习

本次从外研版高中英语选择性必修第四册Unit 6全单元词汇中，精选高考真题最高频、语法填空必考、写作高阶替换、完形易辨析的10个核心词汇。剔除冷门偏词，聚焦考场实用重难点，搭配固定考点、高分搭配、标准例句，附带全套原创专项练习题及精准解析，适配高二同步巩固、高三一轮复习，可直接打印刷题、背诵积累。

文章末尾可领取本文内容可直接打印的高考高频考词PDF版，方便学生自测。

1. accustomed /əˈkʌstəmd/ adj. 习惯的；适应的

核心高考考点：语法填空超级高频考点！to为介词是终身必考坑点，后接名词/动名词，完形、改错、写作全覆盖，是高中核心万能短语。

高频固定搭配：become/get accustomed to (doing) sth 习惯于（做）某事｜be accustomed to (doing) sth 习惯于某事｜grow accustomed to 逐渐适应

反义高频短语：be unaccustomed to (doing) sth 不习惯于做某事

满分例句：Gradually, I have become accustomed to the busy senior high school life.（我逐渐习惯了忙碌的高中生活。）

2. hazardous /ˈhæzədəs/ adj. 危险的；有害的

核心高考考点：书面写作高级替换 dangerous！环保、安全类阅读高频，语法填空常考词根变形（hazard n.），形容词搭配为改错常客。

高频固定搭配：hazardous waste/chemicals 有害废料/危险化学品｜hazardous to health 对健康有害

词形拓展：hazard n. 危险；隐患 v. 冒险｜hazardously adv. 危险地

满分例句：Excessive smoking is hazardous to human health.（过度吸烟对人体健康有害。）

3. excursion /ɪkˈskɜːʃn/ n. 短途旅行；远足

核心高考考点：校园生活、活动类写作高频名词！固定搭配零容错，完形辨析 trip/outing 词义差异，语法填空常考复数变形。

高频固定搭配：go on an excursion 去远足/短途旅行｜a school excursion 学校组织的出游｜an excursion to sp. 去往某地的短途旅行

同义高分替换：outing n. 远足｜short trip 短途旅行

满分例句：Our school organized a spring excursion to relax students.（学校组织了春季远足，让学生们放松身心。）

4. rekindle /riːˈkɪndl/ v. 重新唤起；重新点燃；使复苏

核心高考考点：情感、成长类写作提分词！高级替换 renew/revive，搭配抽象名词为满分句型，阅读熟词生义高频考查。

高频固定搭配：rekindle hope/memories/interest 重燃希望/唤起回忆/重拾兴趣｜rekindle a relationship 修复关系

词形拓展：kindle v. 点燃；激起｜kindling n. 引火物；激发

满分例句：The warm words from teachers rekindled my confidence in study.（老师温暖的话语重新点燃了我的学习信心。）

5. tragically /ˈtrædʒɪkli/ adv. 悲惨地；不幸地

核心高考考点：语法填空词形变换必考词根组！阅读故事、灾难类文本高频副词，写作可替换 unfortunately，词性转换为高频考点。

高频固定搭配：end tragically 结局悲惨｜tragically die 不幸离世｜be tragically injured 不幸受伤

词形拓展：tragic adj. 悲惨的；悲剧的｜tragedy n. 悲剧；灾难

满分例句：The precious cultural relic was tragically damaged in the fire.（这件珍贵的文物不幸在火灾中受损。）

6. shadow /ˈʃædəʊ/ n. 阴影；负面影响 v. 遮蔽；尾随

核心高考考点：完形、写作双核心词！抽象义“负面影响”为高考隐形考点，固定短语 cast a shadow on 为写作万能高分句型。

高频固定搭配：cast a shadow on/over 给……蒙上阴影｜live in the shadow of sb. 活在某人的阴影下｜beyond the shadow of a doubt 毫无疑问

词形拓展：shadowy adj. 阴暗的；模糊的

满分例句：Failure will not cast a shadow on my passion for struggle.（失败不会磨灭我奋斗的热情。）

7. suspend /səˈspend/ v. 暂停；中止；悬挂

核心高考考点：熟词多义重难点！改错、单选高频辨析“暂停/悬挂”双含义，suspend sb from sth 为高频易错搭配。

高频固定搭配：suspend a meeting/project 暂停会议/项目｜suspend sb from school 勒令停课｜suspend payment 暂停付款

词形拓展：suspension n. 暂停；悬浮｜suspended adj. 暂停的；悬挂的

满分例句：The sports meeting was suspended due to the heavy rain.（由于大雨，运动会被暂停了。）

8. submit /səbˈmɪt/ v. 提交；屈服；顺从

核心高考考点：读写全能必考词！双义考查（提交文件/屈服让步），语法填空常考名词变形，搭配介词为高频坑点。

高频固定搭配：submit sth to sb 向某人提交某物｜submit to difficulties 向困境屈服｜submit an application 提交申请

词形拓展：submission n. 提交；屈服｜submissive adj. 顺从的

满分例句：All participants must submit their works before the deadline.（所有参赛者必须在截止日期前提交作品。）

9. invisible /ɪnˈvɪzəbl/ adj. 看不见的；无形的

核心高考考点：科技、自然类阅读核心词！前缀in-否定规律必考，固定搭配适配高频语境，写作可替换 hidden。

高频固定搭配：invisible to the naked eye 肉眼不可见的｜invisible power 无形的力量｜invisible damage 隐性伤害

词形拓展：visible adj. 可见的｜invisibility n. 无形；不可见

满分例句：Many tiny microorganisms are invisible to the naked eye.（许多微小的微生物是肉眼看不见的。）

10. straightforward /ˌstreɪtˈfɔːwəd/ adj. 简单的；坦率的；直白的

核心高考考点：写作高阶提分形容词！高级替换 simple/honest，完形填空人物性格、事物描述高频考点。

高频固定搭配：a straightforward answer 简洁明了的答案｜be straightforward with others 待人坦率｜a straightforward process 简单易懂的流程

词形拓展：straightforwardly adv. 坦率地；直白地｜straightforwardness n. 坦率；简洁

满分例句：He is a straightforward person who always speaks his mind.（他是一个坦率直白、直言不讳的人。）

题型一：单项选择（10题｜精准对应核心考点）

1. After three years of study, she has ______ herself to the campus life.

A. devoted  B. accustomed  C. adapted  D. suited

2. Discarding ______ materials randomly will pollute the environment seriously.

A. harmless  B. hazardous  C. precious  D. useless

3. The whole class will go on an ______ to the suburban park next week.

A. excursion  B. exhibition  C. expedition  D. experiment

4. The moving story ______ my deep love for traditional literature again.

A. recovered  B. rekindled  C. returned  D. recalled

5. The famous artist ______ passed away at a young age due to illness.

A. fortunately  B. naturally  C. tragically  D. gradually

6. The unexpected failure ______ a shadow on his future development.

A. cast  B. took  C. gave  D. made

7. The football match was ______ temporarily because of the heavy storm.

A. continued  B. suspended  C. finished  D. achieved

8. You need to ______ your report to the teacher before Friday.

A. submit  B. hand  C. deliver  D. send

9. Most bacteria are ______ to the naked eye, so we need microscopes to observe them.

A. visible  B. invisible  C. available  D. accessible

10. The problem is quite ______ and you can solve it with simple methods.

A. complex  B. complicated  C. straightforward  D. difficult

题型二：词形转换（10题｜对标高考语法填空）

1. He is well ______ (accustom) to living in the noisy city.

2. This kind of gas is highly ______ (hazard) to human breathing.

3. The school arranges regular field ______ (excursion) for students.

4. The speech successfully ______ (rekindle) the students’ passion for learning.

5. The plan ended ______ (tragic) due to careless mistakes.

6. The scandal left a ______ (shadow) impression on his public image.

7. The company faces a temporary ______ (suspend) of business.

8. The ______ (submit) of homework must be completed on time.

9. Tiny particles are ______ (invisible) without professional equipment.

10. She answered all the questions ______ (straightforward) in the interview.

题型三：中文翻译（5题｜写作高分句型｜预留书写横线）

1. 我们很快就适应了新的学习环境。

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2. 挫折不会给我们的人生蒙上永久的阴影。

________________________________________________________________________

3. 一次鼓励足以重新唤起我们前行的勇气。

________________________________________________________________________

4. 我们应当坦率待人，绝不向困难屈服。

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5. 很多无形的力量在默默推动我们成长。

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