今天分享一篇高中英语阅读理解训练：原文+6道小题+高频语块+答案详解，适合课前练手、课后巩固。不用长导语，直接进干货。

一、阅读原文

As time goes by, the planet's finite resources are growing ever more depleted. Nevertheless, society continues to demand raw materials for erecting new residences, commercial towers, and educational facilities. The only viable remedy to this dilemma is to achieve greater output with fewer inputs—the very essence of sustainable construction. Proponents of this approach contend that the entire architectural process can be carried out with minimal ecological disruption, thereby preserving the Earth's habitability for generations yet to come. Yet for such environmentally sound structures to become reality, sustainability must be embedded from the ground up.

Imagine a municipal authority planning to construct an eco-friendly office complex. The initial step for these urban designers would be to pinpoint a location with a negligible environmental footprint. Preferably, they would opt for a site that has previously been built upon, thereby shielding woodlands and prairies from encroachment.

Subsequently, planners would shift their focus to the building phase itself. Exclusively eco-certified materials would be permitted—timber, metal, and other substances salvaged from demolished structures. Where feasible, these components would be fabricated, reclaimed, or procured from nearby sources. The shorter the distance between supplier and construction site, the smaller the volume of fuel consumed in transit.

Operational expenditure constitutes the next critical consideration. Designers would engineer climate-control systems that consume the bare minimum of power. Solar panels affixed to the roof would capture solar radiation to generate electricity for the facility. Low-flow fixtures in restrooms and utility areas would be installed to curb water dissipation. Crucially, these efficiencies yield a dual dividend: they safeguard the natural world while simultaneously trimming costs over time.

Once all elements fall into place, the planners might well celebrate—they have conceived a structure that remains environmentally responsible at every phase, the cardinal principle of sustainable development.

二、阅读理解（6题）

Q1. What does the author imply by "do more with less"?

A. Construction should stop to save resources.

B. Efficiency, not expansion, is central to sustainable building.

C. Green buildings must be physically smaller.

D. Resource scarcity can only be solved by recycling.

Q2. Choosing an already-developed site mainly reflects which principle?

A. Minimizing indirect ecological damage.

B. Reducing land acquisition costs.

C. Shortening the construction period.

D. Increasing energy efficiency directly.

Q3. What is the logic behind local sourcing of green materials?

A. Recycled materials are always cheaper.

B. Local sourcing cuts transport energy and the overall footprint.

C. Only locally made materials qualify as green.

D. Transport distance barely affects sustainability.

Q4. What can be inferred about maintenance design?

A. It is less important than site selection.

B. It serves both environmental and economic goals.

C. It mainly benefits the government.

D. It needs technology beyond current capacity.

Q5. "Green at every step" suggests sustainable construction is:

A. a one-time post-completion certificate.

B. a continuous process across all stages.

C. judged mainly by final appearance.

D. achievable only through government rules.

Q6. Which project would the author most likely support?

A. A new office on untouched grassland using imported materials.

B. A renovated old factory using local recycled materials and solar panels.

C. A large green building that looks eco-friendly but uses high energy.

D. A building designed for beauty first, sustainability second.

三、高频语块积累

四、答案详解

Q1. 答案：B

定位：第一段 finite resources are growing ever more depleted... achieve greater output with fewer inputs... sustainable construction思路：资源枯竭→ 不是停建（排除A）；"achieve greater output with fewer inputs" = 提高效率，少投入多产出；并非建筑必须更小（排除C）；不只是回收（排除D）。结论：B 最贴切——效率而非扩张是核心。

Q2. 答案：A

定位：第二段 opt for a site that has previously been built upon, thereby shielding woodlands and prairies from encroachment思路：已开发地 = 不再破坏原始生态 → 属间接生态损害最小化。文中未提成本、工期（排除B、C）；选址不等于直接提高能源效率（排除D）。

Q3. 答案：B

定位：第三段 fabricated, reclaimed, or procured from nearby sources... The shorter the distance..., the smaller the volume of fuel consumed思路：本地取材→ 运输距离短 → 运输燃料消耗少 → 降低整体碳足迹。"always cheaper" 绝对化（排除A）；"only locally" 绝对化（排除C）；与原文相反（排除D）。

Q4. 答案：B

定位：第四段 these efficiencies yield a dual dividend: they safeguard the natural world while simultaneously trimming costs over time思路：节能系统、太阳能、节水装置→ 双重作用：环保 + 省钱。文中未说重要性排序（排除A）；受益者是使用者非仅政府（排除C）；技术已成熟（排除D）。

Q5. 答案：B

定位：末段 environmentally responsible at every phase—the cardinal principle思路：every phase = 从选址、材料到维护全程 → 非完工后一次性认证（排除A）；非看外观（排除C）；非仅靠政府（排除D）。结论：B——持续贯穿全过程。

Q6. 答案：B

综合判断：A 原始草地+进口材料违背选址、本地原则；B 旧厂改造+本地回收+太阳能 完全契合；C 外观绿但高能耗违背节能；D 美观优先违背全程绿色。

五、答案速查

1—6：B A B B B B

以上练习选自“可持续建筑”主题说明文，重点练：题干定位、同义替换、排除绝对项。

建议做完再看详解，把错因写在题边：是没找到出处，还是掉进绝对化选项陷阱。