文档文本内容
科技类词汇对应阅读
passage 1
A snake﹣robot designer，a technologist，an extradimensional physicist and a journalist walk into a
room.The journalist turns to the crowd and asks：Should we build houses on the ocean？Like a think﹣tank
panel，members of the team dream up far﹣out answers to the crucial problem，such as self﹣driving housing
units that could park on top of one another in the coastal city center.
The setting is X，the enterprise which considers more than 100 ideas each year，in areas ranging from
clean energy to artificial intelligence.Although only a tiny percentage become "projects" with far﹣reaching
creativity，these projects exist，ultimately，to change the world，like Waymo，the biggest self﹣driving﹣
car company.In the past 60 years，something strange has happened.As the academic study of creativity has
thrived （蓬勃发展），the label innovation may have covered every tiny change of a soda can or a toothpaste
flavor，but the rate of productivity growth has been mostly declining since the 1970s.John Fernald，an
economist，points out that the notable exception to the post﹣1970 decline in productivity occurred when
businesses throughout the economy finally figured out the breakthrough technology﹣information
technology.John Fernald says， "It's possible that productivity took off，because we picked all the low﹣
hanging fruit from the IT wave. "Actually，the world economy continues to harvest the benefits of IT.But
where will the next technology shock come from？
Breakthrough technology results from two distinct activities﹣invention and innovation.Invention is typically
the work of scientists and researchers in labs，while innovation is an invention put to commercial use.Seldom
do the two activities occur successfully under the same roof.They tend to thrive in opposite conditions；while
competition and consumer choice encourage innovation，invention has historically progressed in labs that are
protected from the pressure to generate profit.
Allowing well﹣funded and diverse teams to try to solve big problems is what gave us the computer and the
Internet.Today，we fail to give attention to planting the seeds of this kind of ambitious research，while
complaining about the harvest. "Companies are really good at combining existing breakthroughs in ways that
consumers like.But the breakthroughs come from patient and curious scientists，not the rush to market，" says
Jon Gertner，the author of The Idea Factory.
"Technology is a tall tree， " John Fernald said. "But planting the seeds of invention and harvesting the
fruit of innovation are entirely distinct skills，often mastered by different organizations and separated by manyyears. " As for me，both of them are essential for technology，although they are relatively independent.I don't
think X is a planter or a harvester，actually.It is like building taller ladders.Nobody knows for sure what，if
anything，the employees at such enterprises are going to find up on those ladders.But they're reaching.At least
someone is.
（1）What is the main purpose of the first two paragraphs？
A．To present the process of group discussion.
B．To illustrate X's worry about big problems.
C．To reveal the importance of the crazy ideas.
D．To stress the varied backgrounds of the team.
（2）What can we learn from the passage？
A．Breakthroughs must stand the test of the market.
B．Innovation on necessities can promote productivity.
C．Invention develops slowly under the pressure of profit.
D．The harvest of innovation lies in some ambitious research.
（3）Regarding John Fernald's view on technology，the author is .
A．supportive
B．cautious
C．uncertain
D．critical
（4）What can be inferred about X from the passage？
A．It will focus on innovation.
B．It will have its outcome soon.
C．It may give in to its fruitless reality.
D．It may bring an encouraging outlook.
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在X背景下发明和创新会带来令人鼓舞的前景。
【解答】（1）目的意图题。根据第一段 A snake﹣robot designer，a technologist，an extradimensional
physicist and a journalist walk into a room.The journalist turns to the crowd and asks：Should we build houses
on the ocean？Like a think﹣tank panel，members of the team dream up far﹣out answers to the crucial
problem，such as self﹣driving housing units that could park on top of one another in the coastal city center.
（一个蛇机器人设计师，一个技术专家，一个超维物理学家和一个记者走进一个房间。记者转向人群问道：我们应该在海洋上盖房子吗？就像一个智库小组一样，该团队的成员为这个关键问题想出了超乎想
象的答案，比如可以在沿海城市中心一个接一个停放的自动驾驶住宅单元）以及第二段 The setting is
X，the enterprise which considers more than 100 ideas each year，in areas ranging from clean energy to
artificial intelligence.Although only a tiny percentage become "projects" with far﹣reaching creativity，these
projects exist，ultimately，to change the world，like Waymo，the biggest self﹣driving﹣car company.（背
景是X，这家企业每年会考虑100多个创意，涉及的领域从清洁能源到人工智能。虽然只有一小部分成
为具有深远创造力的"项目"，但这些项目的存在最终将改变世界，就像最大的自动驾驶汽车公司Waymo
一样）可知，前两段的主要目的是揭示疯狂想法的重要性。故选C项。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段 Today，we fail to give attention to planting the seeds of this kind of
ambitious research，while complaining about the harvest.（今天，我们在抱怨收获的同时，没有注意播下
这种雄心勃勃的研究的种子）和 But the breakthroughs come from patient and curious scientists，not the
rush to market（但这些突破来自耐心和好奇的科学家，而不是急于上市）可知，创新的收获在于一些雄
心勃勃的研究。故选D项。
（3）观点态度题。根据最后一段As for me，both of them are essential for technology，although they are
relatively independent.I don't think X is a planter or a harvester ， actually.It is like building taller
ladders.Nobody knows for sure what，if anything，the employees at such enterprises are going to find up on
those ladders.But they're reaching.At least someone is.（对我来说，这两者对于技术来说都是必不可少的，
尽管它们相对独立。事实上，我不认为 X 是种植者或者收割者。这就像建造更高的梯子。没有人确切
地知道，如果有的话，这些企业的员工会在这些梯子上发现什么。但是他们在努力。至少有人是）可推
知，关于约翰 • 费尔纳德对技术的看法，作者是支持的。A．supportive支持的；B．cautious谨慎的；
C．uncertain不确定的；D．critical批评的。故选A项。
（4）推理判断题。根据第二段The setting is X，the enterprise which considers more than 100 ideas each
year，in areas ranging from clean energy to artificial intelligence.Although only a tiny percentage become
"projects" with far﹣reaching creativity ，these projects exist，ultimately，to change the world，like
Waymo，the biggest self﹣driving﹣car company.（ 背景是X，这家企业每年会考虑100多个创意，涉及
的领域从清洁能源到人工智能。虽然只有一小部分成为具有深远创造力的"项目"，但这些项目的存在最
终将改变世界，就像最大的自动驾驶汽车公司Waymo一样）可知，X可能会带来令人鼓舞的前景。A．
It will focus on innovation.它将专注于创新；B．It will have its outcome soon.很快就会有结果；C．It may
give in to its fruitless reality.它可能会屈服于毫无结果的现实；D．It may bring an encouraging outlook.这可
能会带来令人鼓舞的前景。故选D项。passage 2
Technology seems to.discourage slow，immersive reading.Reading on a screen，particularly a phone
screen，tires your eyes and makes it harder for you to keep your place.So online writing tends to be more
skimmable and list﹣like than print.The cognitive neuroscientist Mary Walt argued recently that this "new
norm" of skim reading is producing "an invisible，game﹣changing transformation" in how readers process
words.The neuronal circuit that sustains the brain's capacity to read now favors the rapid absorption of
information，rather than skills developed by deeper reading，like critical analysis.
We shouldn't overplay this danger.All readers skim.Skimming is the skill we acquire as children as we learn
to read more skillfully.From about the age of nine，our eyes start to bounce around the page，reading only
about a quarter of the words properly，and filling in the gaps by inference.Nor is there anything new in these
fears about declining attention spans （持续时间）.So far，the anxieties have proved to be false alarms.
"Quite a few critics have been worried about attention span lately and see very short stories as signs of cultural
decline， " the American author Selvin Brown wrote. "No one ever said that poems were evidence of short
attention spans. "
And yet the Internet has certainly changed the way we read.For a start，it means that there is more to
read，because more people than ever are writing.If you time travelled just a few decades into the past，you
would wonder at how little writing was happening outside a classroom.And digital writing is meant for rapid
release and response.An online article starts forming a comment string underneath as soon as it is published.This
mode of writing and reading can be interactive and fun.But often it treats other people's words as something to
be quickly harvested as fodder （素材）to say something else.Everyone talks over the top of everyone else，
desperate to be heard.
Perhaps we should slow down.Reading is constantly promoted as a social good and source of personal
achievement.But this advocacy often emphasizes "enthusiastic"， "passionate" or "eager" reading，none of
which adjectives suggest slow，quiet absorption.
To a slow reader，a piece of writing can only be fully understood by immersing oneself in the words and
their slow comprehension of a line of thought.The slow reader is like a swimmer who stops counting the number
of pool laps he has done and just enjoys how his body feels and moves in water.
The human need for this kind of deep reading is too tenacious for any new technology to destroy.We often
assume that technological change can't be stopped and happens in one direction，so that older media like "dead﹣tree" books are kicked out by newer，more virtual forms.In practice，older technologies can coexist with
new ones.The Kindle has not killed off the printed book any more than the car killed off the bicycle.We still
want to enjoy slowly﹣formed ideas and carefully﹣chosen words.Even in a fast﹣moving age，there is time
for slow reading.
（1）What is the author's attitude towards Selvin Brown's opinion？
A.Favorable.
B.Critical.
C.Doubtful.
D.Objective.
（2）The author would probably agree that .
A.advocacy of passionate reading helps promote slow reading
B.digital writing leads to too much speaking and not enough reflection
C.the public should be aware of the impact skimming has on neuronal circuits
D.the number of Internet readers is declining due to the advances of technology
（3）What does the underlined word "tenacious" in Paragraph 6 probably mean？
A.Comprehensive.
B.Complicated.
C.Determined.
D.Apparent.
（4）Which would be the best title for the passage？
A.Slow Reading Is Here to Stay
B.Digital Technology Prevents Slow Reading
C.Screen vs.Print：Which Requires Deep Reading？
D.Reading Is Not a Race：The Wonder of Deep Reading
【答案】（1）﹣（4）ABCA
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要讲述了实际上，旧技术可以与新技术共存。Kindle并没有扼杀印刷书
籍，就像汽车没有扼杀自行车一样。我们仍然想享受慢慢形成的想法和精心选择的词语。即使在一个快
速发展的时代，也有时间进行慢速阅读。
【解答】（1）观点态度题。根据文章第二段"Quite a few critics have been worried about attention span
lately and see very short stories as signs of cultural decline， " the American author Selvin Brown wrote. "Noone ever said that poems were evidence of short attention spans. "（美国作家塞尔文•布朗（Selvin Brown）
写道："最近，相当多的评论家对注意力持续时间感到担忧，并将短篇小说视为文化衰落的迹象。""没
有人说过诗歌是注意力持续时间短的证据. "）和最后一段Even in a fast﹣moving age，there is time for
slow reading.（即使在一个快速发展的时代，也有时间进行慢速阅读。）可知作者对塞尔文•布朗的意见
持赞成态度。A.Favorable.支持的；B.Critical.批评的；C.Doubtful.怀疑的；D.Objective.客观的。故选
A。
（2）推理判断题。根据文章第三段And digital writing is meant for rapid release and response.An online
article starts forming a comment string underneath as soon as it is published.This mode of writing and reading
can be interactive and fun.But often it treats other people's words as something to be quickly harvested as fodder
（素材）to say something else.Everyone talks over the top of everyone else，desperate to be heard.（数字写
作意味着快速发布和响应。一篇在线文章一发表就开始在下面形成评论串。这种写作和阅读的模式可以
是互动的和有趣的。但往往它把别人的话当成了可以快速收获的东西，当成了评论某件事情的素材。每
个人都比别人说得多，渴望被别人听到。）可知 B.digital writing leads to too much speaking and not
enough reflection（数字写作导致说得太多，反思不够）符合题意。故选B。
（3）猜测词义题。根据文章最后一段The human need for this kind of deep reading is too tenacious for any
new technology to destroy.We often assume that technological change can't be stopped and happens in one
direction，so that older media like "dead﹣tree" books are kicked out by newer，more virtual forms.（人类对
这种深度阅读的需求太过强烈，任何新技术都无法摧毁。我们经常假设技术变革是无法停止的，并且发
生在一个方向上，所以像"死树"书这样的旧媒体被更新、更虚拟的形式所淘汰。）可知tenacious的意思
是"顽强的，持久的"。A.Comprehensive.全面的；B.Complicated.复杂的；C.Determined.有决心的，顽强
的；D.Apparent.明显的。故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章最后一段In practice，older technologies can coexist with new ones.The Kindle
has not killed off the printed book any more than the car killed off the bicycle.We still want to enjoy slowly﹣
formed ideas and carefully﹣chosen words.Even in a fast﹣moving age，there is time for slow reading.（实际
上，旧技术可以与新技术共存。Kindle并没有扼杀印刷书籍，就像汽车没有扼杀自行车一样。我们仍然
想享受慢慢形成的想法和精心选择的词语。即使在一个快速发展的时代，也有时间进行慢速阅读。）可
知本文的最佳标题是A.Slow Reading Is Here to Stay（慢速阅读会一直持续下去）。故选A。
passage 3
Learning doesn't have to end when people age.In fact，today's seniors want to remain socially engaged，intellectually stimulated（智力上活跃的），and an active part of their communities according to The
American University Beirut（AUB）in Lebanon.That's why AUB opened The University for Seniors that gives
older adults—50 and up—an opportunity for lifelong learning.
"The goal of the program is to establish a community for seniors to learn for life，most of whom are
retirees，"Mira Zaatari，the program assistant manager told Al﹣Fanar Media."They can stay engaged
physically and mentally here."
The university includes two three﹣month semesters and students can take any class they want regardless of
their educational level.There are no exams or graduation certificates.This school is all about lifelong
learning.The available classes include political science，public health，agriculture，sciences，women's affairs
as well as creative classes about drawing，painting and music.Language classes include English，French and
Spanish.The classes are taught by volunteers，including AUB professors，students，and doctors from the
university's hospital.
Seniors can gain a host of benefits by continuing to learn new things.According to Aging Well，that's
because lifelong learning keeps the brain stimulated，challenged and fully engaged."This helps seniors remain
mentally alert while they age.In fact，when people learn new things，the brain—even an older brain—can
form new connections and pathways，"it adds.
Keeping physically active is important and so is keeping social connections.That's why the university
provides more than just education.
Former banker Youssef Bakri，84，has been a student for over 10 years.He pointed out that before the
pandemic the university garden was used as a meeting place for socialization and that there were organized field
trips.
With the percentage of over 65s in Lebanon's population growing and the fact that many of these seniors live
alone without family members in the country，The University for Seniors is playing a very important role in the
lives of its students.
（1）Why does AUB launch the program？
A.To do some scientific research on seniors.
B.To promote learning among young people.
C.To encourage seniors to do volunteer work.
D.To offer a lifelong learning place for seniors.
（2）What can the students do at The University for Seniors？A.Get free medical treatment.
B.Pass final exams as a group.
C.Choose their classes at will.
D.Obtain graduation certificates.
（3）Aging Well is mentioned in paragraph 4 to .
A.explain why learning can benefit seniors
B.show the working principle of the brain
C.offer advice on how to learn new things
D.analyze the advantages of accepting aging
（4）What is the author's opinion on The University for Seniors？
A.It is far from suitable for seniors.
B.It has trouble in attracting students.
C.It is of great value for its students.
D.It cares little about its students' health.
【答案】DCAC
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了美国贝鲁特大学开设的老年大学。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段The goal of the program is to establish a community for seniors to
learn for life，most of whom are retirees（该项目的目标是为老年人建立一个终身学习的社区，其中大多
数是退休人员。）可知，美国贝鲁特大学开设老年大学是为了给老年人提供一个可以终身学习的地方。
故答案为D。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段 The university includes two three﹣month semesters and students can take
any class they want regardless of their educational level（这所大学包括两个为期三个月的学期，学生可以
参加任何他们想要的课程，无论他们的教育水平如何。）可知，老年大学的学生可以自由选择他们想上
的课。故答案为C。
（3）推理判断题。第四段的首句Seniors can gain a host of benefits by continuing to learn new things（老年
人通过学习新东西可以获益良多），接着 Aging Well提到This helps seniors remain mentally alert while
they age.In fact，when people learn new things，the brain—even an older brain—can form new connections
and pathways（这是因为终身学习使大脑受到刺激，受到挑战并完全投入。这有助于老年人在变老时依
然保持思维敏捷。事实 上，当人们学习新事物时，大脑﹣﹣甚至是老年人的大脑﹣﹣可以形成新的连
接和路径。）由此可知，第四段提到Aging Well主要是解释为什么学习能够使老年人受益。故答案为
A。（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段With the percentage of over 65s in Lebanon's population growing and the
fact that many of these seniors live alone without family members in the country，The University for Seniors is
playing a very important role in the lives of its students.（随着黎巴嫩65岁以上人口的比例不断增长，以及
许多老年人在国内没有家人的情况下独自生活，老年大学在学生的生活中发挥着非常重要的作用。）可
推断，作者认为，这所老年大学对它的学生来说意义重大。故答案为C。
passage 1
Computer games have seriously caught the attention of Mass Media.The increasing amount of games with
violent scenes socks the society and makes it very aware of them.The fact that violent games cause violence in
people is not even doubted by most people.Some say that the reason lies in games being too close to reality.But
is it justified only according to the external similarity of these two worlds？
Games originally are entertainment.Contemporary games are very realistic and for this reason they are a
source of great experience for the player and develop the imagination.Games are more than entertainment.The
research of the New York University led by Green and Bavelier claims that the player preferring active games
get an improvement of some types of brain activity，related to processing of visual information.In particular，
game players cope with problems of simultaneously（同时地）tracking several moving objects at the average
level of 30%better than people who do not play active computer video games.A game is an abstraction.A player
gets abstract tasks and acts according to abstract rules.Games are also the possibility to be whoever a person
wants to be and to rest from the outside world for some time.
But what if a person gets so much excited with the game scenes that he becomes violent in reality？Then，
it proves that the games cause people to become violent.A psychologically healthy person will never confuse or
connect these two different worlds.A game is a virtual world with visual images very similar to human.These
images represent by themselves nothing but simple playing obstacles.A game may potentially give the
opportunity to"destroy the obstacles"that may not be destroyed according to the rules，but it is more about
personal choice whether to do it or not.This leads us to the conclusion that violence is not a consequence but the
cause.People who originally tend to violence may get annoyed by games and perform violence in the"real
world".In this case violence in games is a simple justification of the violent nature of the player.
（1）Which of the following best explains"sock"underlined in Para.1？
A.Transform.B.Strike.
C.Interest.
D.Confuse.
（2）What can we learn from the research carried out by Green and Bavelier？
A.Games can promote some kinds of brain activity.
B.Games can give people space to be themselves.
C.Games can be a source of great experience.
D.Games can help players solve problems.
（3）Which of the following accounts for violence in real life？
A.Abstract violent tasks.
B.Violent visual images.
C.Realistic computer games.
D.Individuals' violent nature.
（4）What is the best title for the text？
A.Violence：Not a Consequence of Games.
B.Violence：Not a Justification of Players.
C.Games：The Violent Virtual Reality.
D.Games：The Cause of Violence.
【答案】BADA
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了暴力行为的原因不是游戏，而是暴力天性。
【解答】（1）词义猜测题，根据文章第一段 Computer games have seriously caught the attention of Mass
Media.（电脑游戏已经严重地引起了大众媒体的注意。）和下文and makes it very aware of them.（并让
它非常清楚地意识到它们。）可知，大量暴力游戏充斥着社会，并让社会清楚地意识到它们。由此猜测，
划线词意为"充斥"，与strike（袭击，侵袭）同义。可引申为使社会印象深刻，A.Transform转变；
B.Strike侵袭；C.Interest感兴趣；D.Confuse困惑。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第二段 The research of the New York University led by Green and Bavelier
claim that the player preferring active games get an improvement of some types of brain activity，related to
processing of visual information.（由Green和Bavelier领导的纽约大学的研究声称，喜欢活跃游戏的玩家
可以提高某些类型的大脑活动，与视觉信息的处理有关。）可知，从 Green和Bavelier的研究中我们能
得知，游戏可以促进某些类型的大脑活动。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据后一段 This leads us to the conclusion that violence is not a consequence but thecause.People who are originally prone to violence may get irritated by games and perform violence in the"real
world".In this case violence in games is a simple justification of the violent nature of the player（这使我们得
出结论，暴力不是结果，而是原因。原本有暴力倾向的人可能会被游戏激怒，在现实世界"中实施暴力。
在这种情况下，游戏中的暴力只是为玩家的暴力本性辩护）可知，现实中的暴力原因在于一个人的暴力
天性。故选D。
（4）标题判断题。本文主要讲游戏和暴力之间的关系，第一段引出主题，第二段介绍游戏的功能与优
点；第三段说明游戏和暴力之间的关系。根据文章最后一段 People who are originally prone to violence
may get iritated by games and perform violence in the"real world".In this case violence in games is a simple
justification of the violent nature of the player（原本有暴力倾向的人可能会被游戏激怒，在现实世界"中实
施暴力。在这种情况下，游戏中的暴力只是为玩家的暴力本性辩护。）可知，有暴力倾向的人本身就会
因为游戏而被激怒并在现实生活中实施暴力行为，其根本原因不是由暴力游戏引起，所以 A选项
Violence：Not a Consequence of Games.（暴力：不是游戏的后果。）能概括全文内容，适合用作文章标
题。故选A。
passage 5
Many people have participated into lots of virtual meetings these years.Some research shows this
adjustment might not impact workplace productivity to any great degree.A new study，though，suggests
otherwise.
In the study，602 participants were randomly paired and asked to come up with creative uses for a
product.They were also randomly selected to work together either in person or virtually.The pairs were then
ranked by assessing their total number of ideas，as well as those concepts' degree of novelty，and asked to
submit their best idea.Among the groups，virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas，suggesting that
something about face﹣to﹣face interaction generates more creative ideas.The findings could stiffen
employers' resolve to urge or require their employees to come back to the office.
"We ran this experiment based on feedback from companies that it was harder to innovate with remote
workers，"said lead researcher Melanie Brucks."Unlike other forms of virtual communication，like phone
calls or e﹣mail，video conferencing copies the in﹣person experience quite well，so I was surprised
when we found meaningful differences between in﹣person and video interaction for idea generation."
When random objects were placed in both the virtual and physical rooms，the virtual
pairs of participants spent more time looking directly at each other rather than letting their look wander aboutthe room and taking in the entire scene.Eyeing one's whole environment and noticing the random objects
were associated with increased idea generation.On platforms ， the screen occupies our
interactions.Our look wavers less."Looking away might come across as rude，"said Brucks，"so we have to
look at the screen because that is the defined context of the interaction，the same way we wouldn't walk to
another room while talking to someone in person."
Like most educators，Brucks has primarily taught virtually in the past three years，and she did notice
some benefits of the approach as well.Her students were more likely to take turns speaking and her shyer
students spoke up more often，rid of the anxiety that comes from addressing a large classroom.Brucks found
that one solution to improving virtual idea generation might be to simply turn off the camera，for her students
felt "freer"and more creative when asked to do so.And this may be sound advice for the workplace Virtual
teamwork can't replace face﹣to﹣face teamwork.Idea selection proficiency（能力） is only valuable if you
have strong options to select from，and face﹣to﹣face teams are the best means to generate winning
options.Perhaps the workplace will find a compromise— a sweet spot in the middle that balances working from
both home and office.
（1）What does the underlined word"stiffen"in Paragraph2 most probably mean？
A.Shake.
B.Revise.
C.Challenge.
D.Strengthen.
（2）At first，lead researcher Melanie Brucks might think that .
A.video conferencing can't compare with in﹣person communication
B.participants should make eye contact in an online meeting
C.the feedback from companies seems questionable
D.creative ideas may emerge from casual thoughts
（3）What can we learn about Brucks' class？
A.Her students relieved anxiety by speaking up.
B.Her students progressed in focusing attention.
C.Her students took advantage of virtual learning.
D.Her students displayed talent for public speaking.
（4）Which of the following would be the best title for the passage？A.Interacting Virtually Impacts Working Participation
B.Maintaining Teamwork Improves Idea Generation
C.Grouping Randomly Increases Productivity
D.Brainstorming Online Limits Creativity
【答案】DCCD
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一个新的研究发现：与面对面交流相比，虚拟会议不利于
创新想法的产生。
【解答】（1）词句猜测题。根据第二段中 Among the groups，virtual pairs came up with significantly
fewer ideas，suggesting that something about face﹣to﹣face interaction generates more creative ideas.The
findings could stiffen employers' resolve to urge or require their employees to come back to the office.（在这些
小组中，虚拟配对提出的想法要少得多，这表明面对面的互动会产生更多创造性的想法。这一发现可能
会坚定雇主敦促或要求员工回到办公室的决心。）可知，面对面交流会产生更多创造性的想法，所以雇
主要求员工回到办公室进行面对面的互动，此处 stiffen employers' resolve表示"坚定雇主的决心"，划线
词stiffen是动词，意为"使坚定"。A.Shake.摇动；B.Revise.修订；C.Challenge.挑战；D.Strengthen.使更加
坚定。选项D与划线词意思接近，故选D。
（2）推理判断题。根据第三段内容 "We ran this experiment based on feedback from companies that it was
harder to innovate with remote workers，"said lead researcher Melanie Brucks."Unlike other forms of
virtual communication，like phone calls or e﹣mail，video conferencing copies the in﹣person experience
quite well，so I was surprised when we found meaningful differences between in﹣person and video
interaction for idea generation."（首席研究员Melanie Brucks说："我们进行这项实验是基于公司的反馈，
即远程工作者更难创新。与电话或电子邮件等其他形式的虚拟交流不同，视频会议很好地复制了面对面
的体验，所以当我们发现面对面交流和视频互动在创意产生方面有明显的差异时，我很惊讶。）可知，
公司反馈远程工作者更难创新，所以他们组织实验来进行验证，结果发现面对面交流和视频互动在创意
产生方面有明显的差异，首席研究员Melanie Brucks对此感到很惊讶。由此推断，起初，首席研究员
Melanie Brucks可能认为公司的反馈有问题。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据倒数第二段Like most educators，Brucks has primarily taught virtually in the past
three years，and she did notice some benefits of the approach as well.Her students were more likely to take
turns speaking and her shyer students spoke up more often，rid of the anxiety that comes from addressing a
large classroom.（像大多数教育工作者一样，布鲁克斯在过去三年主要是虚拟教学，她也注意到这种方
法的一些好处。她的学生更有可能轮流发言，她那些比较害羞的学生也更经常发言，消除了在大教室讲话时的焦虑。）可知，布鲁克斯的虚拟课堂上，学生可能轮流发言，连害羞的学生也能经常发言，由此
可推知，他的学生能充分利用虚拟学习。故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。通读全文，并根据第一段 Many people have participated into lots of virtual meetings
these years.Some research shows this adjustment might not impact workplace productivity to any great degree.A
new study，though，suggests otherwise.（这些年来，许多人参加了许多虚拟会议。一些研究表明，这种
调整可能不会在很大程度上影响工作场所的生产力。然而，一项新的研究表明情况并非如此。）以及第
二段中 Among the groups，virtual pairs came up with significantly fewer ideas，suggesting that something
about face﹣to﹣face interaction generates more creative ideas.The findings could stiffen employers' resolve to
urge or require their employees to come back to the office.（在这些小组中，虚拟配对提出的想法要少得多，
这表明面对面的互动会产生更多创造性的想法。这一发现可能会坚定雇主敦促或要求员工回到办公室的
决心。）可知，虚拟会议不利于创新想法的产生，选项 D"网上头脑风暴限制创造力"符合文章主旨，适
合作文章标题。故选D。
passage 6
Imagine wearing high﹣tech body armor （盔甲） that makes you super strong and tireless.Such
technology，more specifically called an exoskeleton，sounds like the preserve of the Iron Man series of
superhero movies.Yet the equipment is increasingly being worn in real life around the world.And one
manufacturer—California's SuitX expects it to go mainstream. "There is no doubt in my mind that these devices
will eventually be sold at hardware stores，" says SuitX's founder Homayoon Kazerooni.
In simple terms，an exoskeleton is an external device that supports，covers and protects its user，giving
greater levels of strength and endurance.Sometimes also referred to as "wearable robots"，they can be battery﹣
powered and computer﹣operated，incorporating motors and hydraulics.Or they can be more simple，passive
designs that use springs and dampeners.
"Integrating humans and machines into one system opens up a new realm of opportunity，" says Adrian
Spragg，an expert on the technology at management consultancy Accenture. "Many of the early applications
have been focused on military and medical applications，but in the last several years there's been an explosion
of use in a range of cases." This expansion，which has come together with rapid advances in the technology，
has seen exoskeletons increasingly used by manufacturing workers.Versions for consumers are also now being
developed to help people more easily do everything from DIY，to walking，climbing stairs，and other daily
activities.One report says sales are now due to rocket as a result.Global exoskeleton revenues （收入） areexpected to explode from ＄ 392 million in 2020 to ＄ 6.8 billion in 2030，according to a study by ABI
Research.
SuitX's "suits" are now being tested by car manufacturers General Motors and Fiat.Prof Kazerooni，who is
also the director of the University of California's Berkeley Robotics and Human Engineering Laboratory，says
that the primary benefit of the firm's exoskeletons is to prevent muscle fatigue （疲劳）.
"In general I see this development as very positive for occupational health and safety，" Prof Sandra
Wachter says. "Machines are supposed to help us with dull，dangerous and dirty jobs.Problems，however，
arise if robotics also double as workplace monitors.Are these suits tracking your movements，how fast you
move，and how often you take breaks？Does a system compare this data with those of other workers to score
or rank them？What happens if you move slower than others，or take breaks more often？"
（1）Why was the Iron Man was mentioned in Paragraph 1？
A．To inspire us to be strong and determined.
B．To remind us of the popular film Iron Man.
C．To urge the readers to buy the newly designed products.
D．To illustrate the technology exoskeleton.
（2）What do the underlined word "rocket" mean in Paragraph 3？
A．Climb.
B．Crash.
C．Stabilize.
D．Vary.
（3）What do you know about an exoskeleton？
A．An exoskeleton is capable of working by itself using solar energy.
B．In the future，all the people will have to count on an exoskeleton.
C．An exoskeleton can be widely employed in our daily life.
D．Prof Kazerooni objects to the popularity of the exoskeleton.
（4）Which is the most suitable title for the text？
A．Iron Man Appeals to the Young
B．Exoskeletons Change Our Future Life
C．Everyone Can Be a Hero
D．Exoskeletons Replace Future Humans【答案】（1）﹣（4）DACB
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了什么是外骨骼技术，以及它在日常生活中更广泛的应用将给
人们带来的便利。
【解答】（ ）推理判断题。根据第一段的 Such technology，more specifically called an exoskeleton，
sounds like the preserve of the Iron Man series of superhero movies.Yet the equipment is increasingly being
worn in real life around the world. （这种技术，更具体地说是外骨骼，听起来像是钢铁侠系列超级英雄
电影的专利。然而，世界各地越来越多的人在现实生活中佩戴这种设备）和第二段的 In simple terms，
an exoskeleton is an external device that supports，covers and protects its user，giving greater levels of
strength and endurance.Sometimes also referred to as "wearable robots"，they can be battery﹣powered and
computer﹣operated，incorporating motors and hydraulics.（简单来说，外骨骼是一种支持、覆盖和保护其
使用者的外部设备，可以提供更高水平的力量和耐力。有时也被称为'可穿戴机器人'，它们可以由电池
供电，由计算机操作，结合电机和液压系统）推知，第一段提到钢铁侠是为了形象地说明外骨骼这门技
术。故选D。
（2）词句猜测题。根据划线词后文 Global exoskeleton revenues （收入） are expected to explode from
﹩ 392 million in 2020 to ﹩ 6.8 billion in 2030，according to a study by ABI Research.（根据 ABI
Research的一项研究，全球外骨骼收入预计将从2020年的3.92亿美元激增至2030年的68亿美元）可
知，据估计外骨骼的销售会直线上升。由此可知，目前销售额在增加，因此猜测rocket意为"增加"，与
climb同义。A．Climb.爬，上升；B．Crash.撞击；C．Stabilize.稳定；D．Vary.变化。故选A。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段的 This expansion，which has come together with rapid advances in the
technology，has seen exoskeletons increasingly used by manufacturing workers.Versions for consumers are
also now being developed to help people more easily do everything from DIY，to walking，climbing stairs，
and other daily activities. （这种扩张伴随着技术的快速进步，外骨骼越来越多地被制造业工人使用。针
对消费者的版本也正在开发中，帮助人们更轻松地完成从 DIY到步行、爬楼梯和其他日常活动的所有
事情）可知，外骨骼可以被广泛地应用于我们的日常生活中。故选C。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段的Imagine wearing high﹣tech body armor （盔甲） that makes you super
strong and tireless.Such technology，more specifically called an exoskeleton，sounds like the preserve of the
Iron Man series of superhero movies.Yet the equipment is increasingly being worn in real life around the world.
（想象一下，穿上高科技防弹衣，让你变得超级强壮和不知疲倦。这种技术，更具体地说是外骨骼，听
起来像是钢铁侠系列超级英雄电影的专利。然而，世界各地越来越多的人在现实生活中佩戴这种设备）
和第三段的 This expansion，which has come together with rapid advances in the technology，has seenexoskeletons increasingly used by manufacturing workers.Versions for consumers are also now being developed
to help people more easily do everything from DIY，to walking，climbing stairs，and other daily activities.
（这种扩张伴随着技术的快速进步，外骨骼越来越多地被制造业工人使用。针对消费者的版本也正在开
发中，帮助人们更轻松地完成从DIY到步行、爬楼梯和其他日常活动的所有事情）可知，本文主要介
绍了什么是外骨骼技术，以及它在日常生活中更广泛的应用将给人们带来的便利。因此B项"外骨骼改
变我们的未来生活"可以作为本文的最佳标题。A．Iron Man Appeals to the Young钢铁侠吸引年轻人；
B．Exoskeletons Change Our Future Life外骨骼改变我们未来的生活；C．Everyone Can Be a Hero每个人
都可以成为英雄；D．Exoskeletons Replace Future Humans外骨骼取代未来人类。故选B。
passage 7
Interactive software that "reads" and analyses footprints left by black rhinos （犀牛）can be used to
monitor the movements of the animals in the wild，giving conservationists a new way to keep watch on the
endangered species and help keep it safe from poachers （偷猎者），according to a Duke University﹣led
study.
The software，called the Footprint Identification Technique （FIT），uses advanced technology to
analyze more than 100 measurements of a rhino's footprint.Because each rhino's footprint is as special as a
human fingerprint，the analyzed images can be collected electronically in a global database of previously
collected footprint images for matching.
"If you find a match，you can identify the individual animal who left the mark and，by plotting the
locations of all the other places where marks have been seen，track its movements without disturbing it or
coming into close enough contact with it，" said Zoe Jewell，a professor at Duke University's Nicholas School
of the Environment，who co﹣led the study and is co﹣creator of FIT.
"It's a cost﹣effective approach that not only protects the health of the rhino and the human，but also
brings a centuries﹣old tracking skill into the 21st Century，" she said.Jewell and her colleagues are now
working with Namibia's Ministry of Environment，Forestry and Tourism to train wildlife conservationists，
land managers and local guides how to use FIT.
Namibia is home to an estimated 2，000 black rhinos，or about 90% of the species' total population
worldwide.Though legally owned by the government，the animals are distributed geographically on private
lands across the country.
The FIT software can also do a survey of footprints throughout the protected area and take measurementsfrom each footprint to estimate the number of rhinos in that area.This can be useful information for calculation
resource needs to monitor the animals effectively.This creates an interactive library that anti﹣poaching patrols
（反偷猎巡逻）can use to search for animals at the highest risk，including those whose footprints haven't
been showing up in recent years.
（1）What is the purpose of the software？
A．To promote the development of technology.
B．To protect black rhinos from being hunted.
C．To analyze the footprints of illegal poachers.
D．To save endangered species across the world.
（2）What's the advantage of the software？
A．It owns various functions.
B．It goes to the market.
C．It is perfectly practical.
D．It is more than popular.
（3）What does Zoe Jewell say about the approach？
A．It brings the best advantage for the lowest cost.
B．It helps increase the population of black rhinos.
C．It raises people's awareness of the environment.
D．It strengthens the tie between humans and nature.
（4）Which of the following best describes the future of rhinos？
A．Optimistic.
B．Hopeless.
C．Worrying.
D．Uncertain.
【答案】（1）﹣（4）BCAA
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了一款新的软件，这款名为 FIT 的软件可以用来监控野生动物的
活动，同时帮助保护主义者来监视濒危物种，并保护这些濒危物种免受偷猎者的伤害。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段 Interactive software that "reads" and analyses footprints left by
black rhinos （ 犀 牛 ） can be used to monitor the movements of the animals in the wild ， giving
conservationists a new way to keep watch on the endangered species and help keep it safe from poachers （偷猎者），according to a Duke University﹣led study.（杜克大学领导的一项研究表明，能够"读取"和分析
黑犀牛留下的足迹的交互式软件可以用来监控野生动物的活动，给保护主义者提供了一种新的方法来监
视濒危物种，并帮助保护它们免受偷猎者的伤害。）可知，交互式软件可以用来监控野生动物的活动，
同时给保护主义者提供了一种新的方法来监视濒危物种，并帮助保护它们免受偷猎者的伤害。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段The software，called the Footprint Identification Technique （FIT），uses
advanced technology to analyze more than 100 measurements of a rhino's footprint.Because each rhino's
footprint is as special as a human fingerprint，the analyzed images can be collected electronically in a global
database of previously collected footprint images for matching.（这款名为"足迹识别技术"（FIT）的软件利
用先进技术分析了100多种犀牛足迹测量数据。由于每只犀牛的足迹都像人类的指纹一样特殊，所以分
析后的图像可以通过电子方式收集到先前收集的足迹图像的全球数据库中进行匹配。）可知，这款软件
可以通过采集犀牛的足迹，然后会和先前收集的足迹图像的全球数据库中进行匹配。可推知，这款软件
是非常实用的。故选C。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段第一句"It's a cost﹣effective approach that not only protects the health of the
rhino and the human，but also brings a centuries﹣old tracking skill into the 21st Century，" she said.（她
说："这是一种成本效益高的方法，不仅能保护犀牛和人类的健康，而且能将一种有几个世纪历史的追
踪技术带入21世纪。"）可知，认为Zoe Jewell它以最低的成本带来最大的优势。故选A。
（4）观点态度题。根据第一段Interactive software that "reads" and analyses footprints left by black rhinos
（犀牛）can be used to monitor the movements of the animals in the wild，giving conservationists a new way
to keep watch on the endangered species and help keep it safe from poachers （偷猎者），according to a
Duke University﹣led study.（杜克大学领导的一项研究表明，能够"读取"和分析黑犀牛留下的足迹的交
互式软件可以用来监控野生动物的活动，给保护主义者提供了一种新的方法来监视濒危物种，并帮助保
护它们免受偷猎者的伤害。）最后一段 The FIT software can also do a survey of footprints throughout the
protected area and take measurements from each footprint to estimate the number of rhinos in that area.This can
be useful information for calculation resource needs to monitor the animals effectively.This creates an
interactive library that anti﹣poaching patrols（反偷猎巡逻）can use to search for animals at the highest
risk，including those whose footprints haven't been showing up in recent years.（FIT 软件还可以对整个保护
区的足迹进行调查，并对每个足迹进行测量，以估计该区域的犀牛数量。这可以为计算资源需求提供有
用的信息，有效地监控动物。这就创建了一个互动图书馆，反偷猎巡逻队可以利用这个图书馆搜索处于
最高风险的动物，包括那些近年来没有出现足迹的动物。）可知，FIT 软件可以用来监控野生动物的活
动，同时帮助保护主义者来监视濒危物种，并保护这些濒危物种免受偷猎者的伤害。通过使用FIT，可以对整个保护区的足迹进行调查，并对每个足迹进行测量，以估计该区域的犀牛数量，因而未来犀牛的
数量应该是朝着人们期望的方向发展。A．Optimistic.乐观的；B．Hopeless.无望的；C．Worrying.令人
担心的；D．Uncertain.不确定的。故选A。
passage 8
Artificial intelligence helps teachers identify which of their students have learning difficulties，according
to a new study.
Teachers make more accurate assessments of learning difficulties among their students if they are given Al﹣
generated feedback （反馈） rather than an "expert solution" written by a qualified professional.Researchers
believe that because the AI analyzed the teacher's own work，it's easier for the teacher to understand than a
"model answer" prepared beforehand.
"Teachers play a critical role in recognizing the signs of disorders and learning difficulties in pupils and
referring them to specialists，" said Riikka Hofmann. "Unfortunately，many of them feel that they have not
had sufficient opportunity to practice these skills.AI could provide an extra level of individualized feedback to
help them develop these essential competences."
Trainee teachers were asked to assess fictionalized students for potential learning difficulties，based on
evidence including examples of their work，school behavior records and written texts of conversations with
parents.Half of the trainees received the "expert solution"，typical of the material given to trainee teachers，
while the other half received AI﹣generated feedback on their approach ，highlighting where they could
improve.The trainees then completed similar follow﹣up assessments，and were graded both on the accuracy of
their diagnoses （诊断） and on how well they had used the evidence.Trainees who received the AI feedback
scored significantly higher than those who worked with the pre﹣written expert solutions.
While the researchers said this does not mean AI is preferable to one﹣to﹣one feedback from a skilled
expert，this is not always available for trainee teachers. "We are not arguing that AI should replace teacher﹣
educators：new teachers still need expert guidance on how to recognize learning difficulties in the first place，"
said Dr Michael Sailer. "It does seem，however，that AI﹣generated feedback helped these trainees to focus on
what they really needed to learn.When personal feedback is not readily available，it could be an effective
substitute （代替物）."
（1）What does the underlined word "them" refer to？A．Pupils.
B．Teachers.
C．Specialists.
D．Researchers.
（2）What did AI help trainee teachers know in the study？
A．How well they had used the evidence.
B．Whether the expert solution was accurate.
C．Where their approach needs improvement.
D．What follow﹣up assessments they completed.
（3）What does Dr Michael think of AI？
A．It will take the place of skilled experts.
B．It acts as an expert guide to trainee teachers.
C．It is only suitable for new teachers to use.
D．It can be a useful teaching training aid.
（4）Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？
A．AI locates learning difficulties for the students
B．AI becomes an effective teaching tool in school
C．AI helps teachers spot students with learning difficulties
D．AI trains teachers in judging the learning of the students
【答案】（1）﹣（4）BCDC
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工智能可以帮助老师对学生的学习困难等问题有更好的了
解。
【解答】（1）代词指代题。根据第三段前文 Teachers play a critical role in recognizing the signs of
disorders and learning difficulties in pupils and referring them to specialists（教师在识别学生的障碍和学习
困难迹象并将其转介给专家方面发挥着关键作用）可知，them指的是这里的老师。故选B项。
（2）细节理解题。根据第四段 Half of the trainees received the "expert solution"，typical of the material
given to trainee teachers ， while the other half received AI﹣generated feedback on their approach ，
highlighting where they could improve. （一半的受训者收到了"专家解决方案"，这是发给实习教师的典
型材料，而另一半则收到了人工智能生成的关于他们方法的反馈，强调了他们可以改进的地方）可知，
人工智能在研究中帮助实习教师了解他们的方法需要改进的地方。故选C项。
（3）推理判断题。根据最后一段 We are not arguing that AI should replace teacher﹣educators：newteachers still need expert guidance on how to recognize learning difficulties in the first place，" said Dr Michael
Sailer. "It does seem，however，that AI﹣generated feedback helped these trainees to focus on what they really
needed to learn.When personal feedback is not readily available，it could be an effective substitute （代替
物）.（Michael Sailer博士说："我们并不是说人工智能应该取代教师教育者：新教师在如何首先认识到
学习困难方面仍然需要专家指导。""然而，人工智能生成的反馈似乎确实帮助这些受训者专注于他们真
正需要学习的东西。当个人反馈不易获得时，它可能是一种有效的替代品。"）可知，人工智能对于老
师来说是一个有用的教学培训辅助。故选D项。
（4）标题归纳题。根据第一段 Artificial intelligence helps teachers identify which of their students have
learning difficulties，according to a new study.（根据一项新的研究，人工智能可以帮助教师识别哪些学生
有学习困难）以及全文大意，文章主要讲人工智能可以让老师对学生的学习困难等问题有更好的了解，
C．AI helps teachers spot students with learning difficulties"人工智能帮助教师发现有学习困难的学生"符合
文意。故选C项。
passage 9
YogaDigital is an App especially designed for Yoga lovers with video and audio tools from Yoga
teachers.Whether it is a simple practice of Yoga postures to support your back at work，poetry to open your
heart when you need inspiration or a short video from your beloved Yoga teacher，YogaDigital keeps all of
your favorite content in one place，on your iPhone or iPad.
You may scan all of the YogaDigital content to find what is right for you using minutes that can be
purchased.Or，if you would like a particular practice，series or audio/video media，you can make a purchase
and have it on your iPhone or iPad anytime you want.Create your own selection of content and take it with you
anywhere，since the content is downloaded onto your device.There is no need for an internet connection once
you have it.If you should ever delete your YogaDigital purchases，there is no need to worry.You will find them
waiting for you in the studio to download again anytime.
For Teachers，YogaDigital supports your creativity in offering students a variety of tools to support
them.For all of the time when students ask you if you have a CD or DVD that they can use between classes or
while they are away，YogaDigial offers a way to publish quality content in a variety of forms without following
a pre﹣determined data form.Your work will be highlighted in an online environment entirely for Yoga content
to help get rid of the "noise" of some other online platforms.YogaDigital protects your intellectual property as it
cannot be shared or copied and it offers a broad market in which you can post your works.It also offers supportin your professional network as our online 'Studio' carries your work alongside other excellent teachers.
YogaDigital is an ideal choice，bringing the width and power of Yoga to support your life journey in all its
many forms.
（1）What can be found in YogaDigital to inspire new ideas？
A．Yoga postures.
B．Short videos.
C．Poetry.
D．Latest movies.
（2）What should you do if your YogaDigial purchases are lost？
A．Make a purchase again.
B．Download them again.
C．Create your own content.
D．Ask your teachers for help.
（3）How does YogaDigital help the teachers deal with the "noise"？
A．By providing a focused environment.
B．By copying it.
C．By protecting your intellectual property.
D．By clearing it away.
（4）Which can be a suitable title for the text？
A．YogaDigilal ：A Right Choice to Support Your Life
B．YogaDigital ：A Good Way to Support Your Creativity
C．YogaDigital ：A Broad Market to Offer You Convenience
D．YogaDigital ：A Helpful Internet to Open Your Heart
【答案】（1）﹣（4）CBAA
【分析】这是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了一款专为瑜伽爱好者设计的应用程序。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中Whether it is a simple practice of Yoga postures to support your
back at work，poetry to open your heart when you need inspiration or a short video from your beloved Yoga
teacher， YogaDigital keeps all of your favorite content in one place，on your iPhone or iPad.（无论是简单
的瑜伽姿势练习来支撑工作时你的背部，当你需要灵感时诗歌打开你的心，还是你心爱的瑜伽老师的短
视频，YogaDigital将所有你喜欢的内容保存在一个地方，在你的 iPhone或iPad上）可知，可以在YogaDigital上找到诗歌来激发新想法。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段最后两句If you should ever delete your YogaDigital purchases，there is no
need to worry.You will find them waiting for you in the studio to download again anytime.（如果你删除了你
的YogaDigital购买，没有必要担心。你会发现它们在演播室等你随时下载）可知，如果不小心删除了
YogaDigital上购买的内容，可以从演播室重新下载。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段中 Your work will be highlighted in an online environment entirely for Yoga
content to help get rid of the 'noise' of some other online platforms.（你的工作将在一个完全为瑜伽内容的在
线环境中突出显示，以帮助摆脱一些其他在线平台的'噪音'）可知，YogaDigital通过提供一个专注的环
境来帮助老师摆脱"噪音"。A．By providing a focused environment.通过提供一个专注的环境；B．By
copying it.通过复制它；C．By protecting your intellectual property.通过保护你的知识产权；D．By
clearing it away.把它清除掉。故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据全文内容，结合最后一段 YogaDigital is an ideal choice，bringing the width and
power of Yoga to support your life journey in all its many forms.（YogaDigital是一个理想的选择，它带来瑜
伽的广度和力量，以各种形式支持你的人生旅程）可知，本文主要介绍了专为瑜伽爱好者设计的应用程
序YogaDigital，故A项"YogaDigital：支持生活的一个正确选择"适合作为文章标题。故选A。
passage 10
Using the power of artificial intelligence （AI），scientists have revealed new insights into the creation
and destruction of mass extinction.Contrary to conventional knowledge，their study suggests that larger
extinctions are not always a form of "creative destruction" that allows new organisms to radiate （向周围辐射
出去）and evolve.Instead，it suggests that mass extinction is rarely associated with new species of radiation.
Dr.Hoyal Cuthill，the lead study author from the University of Essex in the UK and the Tokyo Institute of
Technology，said in a statement， "Some of the most challenging things to understand the history of life are
the vast timelines involved and the number of species.New machine learning applications can help us
understand the information in human﹣readable form.This means that we can，so to speak，hold the evolution
of half a billion years in the palm of our hand and gain new insights from what we see."
They concluded that mass extinction and later radiation were not connected as previously thought.Within 5
percent of the most significant periods of disruption（中断），AI detected "big five mass extinctions，seven
more mass extinctions，two mass extinction﹣radiation events and 15 mass radiations.Most importantly，it
discovers that massive radiation and extinction rarely occurred with each other，changing the view that greaterextinction leads to a kind of deep cycle﹣like species radiation of nature.It appears that larger extinctions are
certainly not the engine of evolutionary radiation.Take the Cambrian Explosion for example and it was about 41
million years ago when a large group of animals first appeared on the first fossil record and the dawn of a high
mobile animal equipped with modern physical features.
This new study found that a handful of other notable explosions of biodiversity，including the Cambrian
Explosion，usually occurred at a time when they were largely isolated（孤立的）from extinction.Dr.Nicholas
Guttenberg，a study co﹣author from the Tokyo Institute of Technology explained，"Ecosystems are dynamic
and you don't need anything to exist to allow something new to appear."
（1）What's the function of the first paragraph？
A.To analyze the cause of creative destruction.
B.To tell us the result of the new study.
C.To explain the power of artificial intelligence.
D.To present the conventional idea of mass extinction.
（2）What do Dr.Hoyal Cuthill's words imply？
A.New AI machines learn applications better.
B.It's difficult to understand the history of life.
C.New species appear before mass extinction.
D.AI contributes a lot to the study of evolution.
（3）Why is the Cambrian Explosion mentioned in the text？
A.To provide knowledge of history.
B.To highlight the importance of AI.
C.To support the new study.
D.To prove the previous view is right.
（4）What is the text mainly about？
A.A new understanding of mass extinction.
B.The processes of biological evolution.
C.Animal species with modern physical features.
D.The relationship between mass extinction and radiation.
【答案】BDCA
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了利用人工智能对大规模物种灭绝进行的研究情况及产生的新见解。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段中的Using the power of artificial intelligence （AI），scientists
have revealed new insights into the creation and destruction of mass extinction.Contrary to conventional
knowledge，their study suggests that larger extinctions are not always a form of "creative destruction" that
allows new organisms to radiate （向周围辐射出去） and evolve.Instead，it suggests that mass extinction is
rarely associated with new species of radiation. （利用人工智能的力量，科学家们揭示了对大规模灭绝的
产生和破坏的新见解。与传统知识相反，他们的研究表明，更大的灭绝并不总是一种"创造性破坏"的形
式，允许新的生物辐射和进化。相反，它表明大规模灭绝很少与新的辐射物种有关。）可知第一段的作
用在于告诉读者一种新发现。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第二段中的 New machine learning applications can help us understand the
information in human﹣readable form.This means that we can，so to speak，hold the evolution of half a billion
years in the palm of our hand and gain new insights from what we see. （新的机器学习应用程序可以帮助我
们以人类可读的形式理解信息。这意味着，可以这么说，我们可以将五亿年的演化掌握在手掌中，并从
我们所看到的中获得新的见解。）可知，人工智能可以帮助人类学习，掌握5亿年的进化知识的同时还
能得出新的见解，所以对人类进行进化研究贡献很大。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据第三段中的Take the Cambrian Explosion for example and it was about 41 million
years ago when a large group of animals first appeared on the first fossil record and the dawn of a high mobile
animal equipped with modern physical features. （以寒武纪大爆发为例，大约在4100万年前，一大群动物
首次出现在第一个化石记录上，并出现了一种具有现代物理特征的高机动动物的黎明。）以及最后一段
中的This new study found that a handful of other notable explosions of biodiversity，including the Cambrian
Explosion，usually occurred at a time when they were largely isolated （孤立的） from extinction. （这项
新的研究发现，其他一些值得注意的生物多样性爆炸，包括寒武纪大爆发，通常发生在它们基本上与灭
绝隔离的时候。）可知，在寒武纪大爆发中找到了值得注意的生物多样性爆炸，所以文中提到寒武纪大
爆发是为了支持新的研究，故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段中的 Using the power of artificial intelligence （AI） ，scientists have
revealed new insights into the creation and destruction of mass extinction. （利用人工智能的力量，科学家们
对大规模灭绝的产生和破坏有了新的见解。）以及下文的讲述可知，文章主要介绍了利用人工智能对大
规模物种灭绝进行的研究情况及产生的新认识，因此A项A new understanding of mass extinction. （对
大灭绝的新认识）符合文意。故选A。passage 11
As the concept of emotional intelligence （EI） has gone global，we've watched professionals fail as
they try to improve their emotional intelligence because they either don't know where to focus their efforts or
they haven't understood how to improve these skills on a practical level.In our work consulting with companies
and coaching leaders，we have found that if you're looking to develop particular EI strengths，it helps to
consider areas for improvement others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve﹣and then to
actively build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually.
The first step is to get a sense of how your self﹣perception （how you see yourself） differs from your
reputation （how others see you）.This is especially true for the development of EI because we can be blind to
how we express and read the emotional components of our interactions.For example，most of us think that
we're good listeners，but very often that's really not the case.Without this external reality check，it will be
difficult for you to identify the ways that your actions affect your performance.Getting feedback from others can
also provide proof of the necessity of shifting our behavior and motivation to do so.
To give you the best sense of where the differences lie between your self﹣perception and reputation，you
should use a 360﹣degree feedback assessment that takes into account the multiple aspects of EI.The key is to
find one to give you feedback，which is focused on development and not on performance assessment.And that
can give you a detailed understanding of how other people's assessments of you differ from your own
assessments.
Secondly，when you get your feedback from an assessment，let that inform what you want to
improve.But also consider what your goals are.When it comes to cultivating strengths in emotional
intelligence，you're at a huge disadvantage if you're only interested because others say you should be.Your
emotional intelligence is so tied up in your sense of self that being intrinsically （内在的） motivated to make
the effort matters more when changing longstanding habits than it does when simply learning a skill.
That means the areas that you choose to actively work on should lie at the intersection of the feedback you've
gotten and the areas that are most important to your own aspirations.Understanding the influences of your
current EI habits relative to your goals will keep you going over a long period of time as you do the work of
strengthening your emotional intelligence.
（1）What do we know from the first paragraph？
A．Professionals fail to understand the concepts of EI.B．EI plays a key role in professional development.
C．Leaders are badly in need of improving their EI.
D．You know how to improve EI better with others' help.
（2）According to the passage，which of the following is an "external reality check"？
A．You got help from your parents when making a key decision.
B．Your teacher directed you towards a better attitude in study.
C．You reflected yourself and made a New Year Resolution.
D．Your career development speeds up with the guidance of others.
（3）What's the main idea of Paragraph 4？
A．It's most reliable to follow your inner call when you want to improve your EI.
B．It's hard for others to know your EI because it hides deeply behind your inner sense.
C．When you want to improve EI，you should take your goals into consideration.
D．Acquiring a new skill is more significant than your attempt to improve your EI.
（4）Which of the following might the author agree with？
A．Effective EI development is determined by different factors.
B．EI development is unlikely to happen unless you know what EI really is.
C．The importance of performance assessment is underestimated.
D．Your inner self discourages you from improving your EI.
【答案】DBCA
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了发展特定的情商优势的方法。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。由本文第一自然段中的关键句 In our work consulting with companies and
coaching leaders，we have found that if you're looking to develop particular EI strengths，it helps to consider
areas for improvement others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve﹣and then to actively
build habits in those areas rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually.（在与公司咨询和指
导领导者的工作中，我们发现，如果你想要发展特定的 EI优势，考虑其他人已经确定的改进领域以及
你想要实现的目标，然后积极地在这些领域建立习惯，而不是简单地依赖于概念上的理解是有帮助
的。）可知你知道如何在别人的帮助下更好地提高情商。故选D。
（2）推理判断题。由本文第二自然段The first step is to get a sense of how your self﹣perception （how
you see yourself） differs from your reputation （how others see you）.This is especially true for the
development of EI because we can be blind to how we express and read the emotional components of our
interactions.For example，most of us think that we're good listeners，but very often that's really not thecase.Without this external reality check，it will be difficult for you to identify the ways that your actions affect
your performance.Getting feedback from others can also provide proof of the necessity of shifting our behavior
and motivation to do so.（第一步是弄清楚你的自我认知（你如何看待自己）和你的声誉（别人如何看待
你）有何不同。对于情商的发展来说尤其如此，因为我们可能对我们如何表达和阅读我们互动中的情感
成分视而不见。例如，我们大多数人都认为自己是好的倾听者，但事实往往并非如此。如果没有这种
______，你就很难确定你的行为是如何影响你的表现的。从别人那里得到反馈也可以证明我们改变行为
的必要性和动机。）可知划线词external reality check指的是"外部现实检查"，B．Your teacher directed
you towards a better attitude in study.（你的老师教导你要有更好的学习态度。）就是一种外部现实检查。
故选B。
（3）段落大意题。由本文第四自然段的内容Secondly，when you get your feedback from an assessment，
let that inform what you want to improve.But also consider what your goals are.When it comes to cultivating
strengths in emotional intelligence，you're at a huge disadvantage if you're only interested because others say
you should be.Your emotional intelligence is so tied up in your sense of self that being intrinsically（内在的）
motivated to make the effort matters more when changing longstanding habits than it does when simply learning
a skill.（其次，当你从评估中得到反馈时，让它告诉你想要改进的地方。但也要考虑你的目标是什么。
当谈到培养情商的优势时，如果你只是因为别人说你应该感兴趣，你就会处于巨大的劣势。你的情商与
你的自我意识密切相关，所以在改变长期的习惯时，内在的动力更重要，而不仅仅是学习一项技能。）
可知第四段主要讲述了当你想提高情商时，你应该考虑你的目标。故选C。
（4）推理判断题。由本文第一自然段 In our work consulting with companies and coaching leaders，we
have found that if you're looking to develop particular EI strengths，it helps to consider areas for improvement
others have identified along with the goals you want to achieve﹣and then to actively build habits in those areas
rather than simply relying on understanding them conceptually.（在与公司咨询和指导领导者的工作中，我
们发现，如果你想要发展特定的情商优势，考虑其他人已经确定的改进领域以及你想要实现的目标，然
后积极地在这些领域建立习惯，而不是简单地依赖于概念上的理解是有帮助的。）可知作者可能会同意
的是有效的情商发展取决于不同的因素。故选A。
passage 12
Researchers have designed a 4 D﹣printed soft robot that self﹣assembles （自动组装） when heated
and can take on challenging tasks like rolling uphill and navigating an unpredictable landscape.
"Like an insect with antennae （天线），the robot can overcome a small obstacle.But when the obstacleis too high，it will turn back and never come back，" says senior author Wei Feng，a materials scientist at
Tianjin University in China. "The whole process is finished by itself without human's control."
When the surface beneath it is heated，the robot form a tube like a spring.The change in shape adds time
as a fourth dimension （维度）to the printing process，making it 4 D．
Once the robot forms a tube，the contact from the hot surface causes a response in the material，which
causes it to roll in one direction.The driving force behind this motion is so strong that the robot can climb up a
20° incline （斜度） or even carry a load 40 times its own weight.The length of the robot affects its speed，
with longer robots rolling faster than the shorter ones.
The researchers caught videos showing off the robot's skills，including a race between differently sized
robots and another robot carrying a cart.The videos also show how its behavior changes based on its
surroundings，with the robot either climbing up a step or changing directions when encountering a difficult
obstacle.
For Feng，the behavior of the robot came as a surprise.He says， "We found many interesting driving
phenomena besides the change of shape." In the future，these soft robots may be used to perform work in
small，limited places like in a pipe. "We hope that soft robots will no longer be limited to simple actuators
（驱动器），which can only change shape in a fixed position，" says Feng.
（1）What will the robot do when an obstacle is beyond its reach？
A．Give up reaching it.
B．Go back to ask for help.
C．Search for another one.
D．Turn to the people around.
（2）What will happen when the robot is heated？
A．It will become a spring.
B．It will change faster.
C．It will change its shape.
D．It will be out of control.
（3）What can affect the rolling speed of the robot？
A．How heavy it is.
B．How long it is.
C．What it looks like.D．What direction it rolls in.
（4）How does Feng expect the robot to become？
A．More beautiful.
B．More accessible.
C．More convenient.
D．More powerful.
【答案】ACBD
【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了一种4 D打印的软机器人。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。由本文第二自然段中的关键句But when the obstacle is too high，it will turn
back and never come back，（但当障碍太高时，它就会折返，永远不会回来，）可知如果障碍物无法触
及时机器人会放弃接触它。故选A。
（2）细节理解题。由本文第三自然段中的关键句When the surface beneath it is heated，the robot form a
tube like a spring.The change in shape adds time as a fourth dimension （维度） to the printing process，
making it 4 D.（当它下面的表面被加热时，机器人就会形成一个像弹簧一样的管子。形状的变化将时间
作为第四个维度添加到打印过程中，使其成为4 D。）可知当机器人被加热时会改变形状。故选C。
（3）细节理解题。由本文第四自然段 The length of the robot affects its speed，with longer robots rolling
faster than the shorter ones.（机器人的长度会影响它的速度，较长的机器人比较短的机器人滚动得更
快。）可知机器人的长度可以影响它的速度。故选B。
（4）推理判断题。由本文最后一自然段 We hope that soft robots will no longer be limited to simple
actuators （驱动器），which can only change shape in a fixed position，" says Feng.（"我们希望软体机器
人不再局限于只能在固定位置改变形状的简单驱动器，"冯说。）可知冯希望该机器人的功能更强大。
故选D。
passage 13
A new kind of solar panel，developed at the University of Michigan，has achieved high efficiency in
transforming water into hydrogen and oxygen—imitating a crucial step in natural photosynthesis（光合作
用）.The outdoor version of the experiment，with less reliable sunlight and temperature，achieved 6.1%
efficiency at turning the energy from the sun into hydrogen fuel.However，indoors，the system achieved 9%
efficiency.
But the biggest benefit is driving down the cost of sustainable hydrogen.This is enabled by reducing the size
of the semiconductor（半导体），typically the most expensive part of the device.The team's self﹣healingsemiconductor withstands concentrated light equivalent to 160 suns.
"We believe that artificial photosynthesis devices will be much more efficient than natural
photosynthesis，which will provide a path toward carbon neutrality，" said Zetian Mi，U﹣M professor of
electrical and computer engineering who led the study reported in Nature.
The new technology has two advances.The first is the ability to concentrate the sunlight without destroying
the semiconductor that traps the light. "We reduced the size of the semiconductor by more than 100 times
compared to some semiconductors only working at low light intensity，" said Peng Zhou，U﹣M research
fellow in electrical and computer engineering and first author of the study. "Hydrogen produced by our
technology could be very cheap."
And the second is using both the higher energy part of the solar spectrum（光谱） to break down water
and the lower part of the spectrum to provide heat that encourages the reaction.The magic is enabled by a
semiconductor catalyst（催化剂） that improves itself with use，resisting the degradation（降解） that such
catalysts usually experience when they trap sunlight to drive chemical reactions.
The next challenges the team intends to tackle are to further improve the efficiency and to achieve superhigh
purity hydrogen that can be directly fed into fuel cells.
（1）What leads to the lower cost of sustainable hydrogen？
A．Solar energy.
B．Smaller semiconductors.
C．Natural photosynthesis.
D．More concentrated light.
（2）What is an advantage of the new technology？
A．A catalyst easily available.
B．Creative use of the solar spectrum.
C．Outstanding ability to reflect light.
D．A semiconductor working at low light intensity.
（3）Why are the two advances of the new solar panel mentioned？
A．To introduce a greener lifestyle.
B．To promote its commercial value.
C．To state its technical breakthrough.
D．To advertise the potential application.（4）Which of the following is the best title for the text？
A．A．New Trend in Water Usage.
B．The Future of Sustainable Hydrogen.
C．Solar Energy：More Efficient，Greener.
D．Cheaper Hydrogen Through Solar Power.
【答案】BBCD
【分析】这是一篇说明文。密歇根大学通过模仿自然的光合作用，开发了一种新型太阳能电池板，它能
高效地将水转化为氢。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段 But the biggest benefit is driving down the cost of sustainable
hydrogen.This is enabled by reducing the size of the semiconductor （但最大的好处是降低了可持续氢的成
本。这是通过减小半导体的尺寸实现的）可知，导致持续氢的低成本的原因是半导体的尺寸更小了。故
选B。
（2）推理判断题。根据第四段The new technology has two advances. （这项新技术有两个进步。 ）和
第五段 And the second is using both the higher energy part of the solar spectrum（光谱） to break down
water and the lower part of the spectrum to provide heat that encourages the reaction.（第二个进步是利用太阳
光谱的高能量部分来分解水，并利用光谱的低能量部分提供热量来促进反应。）可知，这项新技术（新
的太阳能电池板）的一个优势是创造性利用太阳光谱。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段 The first is the ability to concentrate the sunlight without destroying the
semiconductor that traps the light. （首先是在不破坏捕获光的半导体的情况下集中太阳光的能力。）和第
五段 And the second is using both the higher energy part of the solar spectrum to break down water and the
lower part of the spectrum to provide heat that encourages the reaction. （第二个进步是利用太阳光谱的高能
量部分来分解水，并利用光谱的低能量部分提供热量来促进反应。）可知，文章提到新型太阳能电池板
的两项进步是为了陈述其技术突破。故选C。
（4）标题判断题。通读全文和第一段 A new kind of solar panel，developed at the University of
Michigan，has achieved high efficiency in transforming water into hydrogen and oxygen（ 密歇根大学开发
的一种新型太阳能电池板已经实现了高效地将水转化为氢和氧）和第四段 Hydrogen produced by our
technology could be very cheap.（用我们的技术生产氢气可能会非常便宜。）可知，本文主要讲了利用太
阳能将水转化为氢和氧（本文重点强调了氢），利用这个技术生产的氢非常便宜。D 项 Cheaper
Hydrogen Through Solar Power（通过太阳能发电更便宜的氢）是最合适的标题。故选D。
passage 14First the robots came for our jobs.Now they're coming for our hobbies.Google's DeepMind AI lab has been
busy the past few years，creating programs to take on human players across a variety of games.In 2016 its
AlphaGo beat the best Go player in the world.Earlier this year，its Alpha Star defeated two middle﹣tier
players at the popular online game StarCraft II.Now it's learning to win at multiplayer games.
"Artificially intelligent agents are getting better and better at two﹣player games，but most real﹣world
endeavors require teamwork，" DeepMind's researchers wrote in a paper published in Science in June.
To be sure，computers have been proving their dominance （优越） over humans in one﹣on﹣one turn
﹣based games such as chess ever since IBM's Deep Blue beat Russian chess master Garry Kasparov in 1997.
However，successfully using teamwork to win in multiplayer games with complex environments was
difficult to achieve.
For this purpose，DeepMind's researchers designed AI agents that taught themselves how to play first﹣
person game Quake III Arena.The team，led by Max Jaderberg，worked on a modified （修改的） version
of Quake III Arena.
The game mode they chose was "Capture （抢） the Flag".All the players must work together to steal the
other team's flag while safeguarding their own.
The AI agents "trained" with 12 hours of game data，then matched up against professional game
testers.The AI won 75 percent of the time，even when its reaction time artificially slowed down to human
levels and when their aiming ability was similarly reduced.
And in order to make improvements，the programmers used various kinds of "rewards" to help the AI
players weigh their goals and actions to help them cooperate in the teamwork.They also used randomized maps
for each new match.
"That meant the solutions that the agents find have to be general– they cannot just memorize a sequence
（系列） of actions，" said co﹣author Wojciech Czarnecki.
The only time humans were able to beat the AI agents was when they teamed up together.A team consisting of
one human and one AI agent had a five percent greater win probability than a team of just AI agents.
Ethan Gach said at the video game news website Kotaku， "It suggests that the AI program is able to adapt to
playing with non﹣AI teammates." In the near future，AI may cooperate with human beings in some other
fields，such as medicine and other branches of science.
（1）What might be the most difficult task for AI agents in multiplayer games？
A．Understanding the rules.B．Cooperating with other players.
C．Memorizing complex actions.
D．Increasing reaction speed.
（2）How did the researchers of Google's DeepMind train AI agents？
A．They gave various "punishments" when AI agents lost the games.
B．They made AI agents team up with non﹣professional human players.
C．They limited the time for AI agents to complete difficult tasks.
D．They put them through thousands of games with different situations.
（3）What does Gach mean in the last paragraph？
A．AI players perform better than humans in a team game.
B．AI programs should be offered more game data.
C．AI players are able to do well with human players.
D．AI programs have been successfully applied in the field of medicine.
（4）The underlined word "randomized" in Paragraph 8 can be understood as .
A．generalized
B．specialized
C．updated
D．memorized
（5）What's the best title of this passage？
A．Researches on DeepMind AI
B．Training AI Agentn AI
C．Teaming up with AI
D．AI Competing with Human Beings
【答案】BDCAC
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人工智能在团队合作上的发展，人工智能可以通过训练与人类
在不同的领域进行团队合作。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第四段中的However，successfully using teamwork to win in multiplayer
games with complex environments was difficult to achieve.（然而，在复杂环境的多人游戏中成功利用团队
合作获胜是很困难的。）可知，团队合作可能是很困难的任务。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据第七段中的 The AI agents "trained" with 12 hours of game data，then matched up
against professional game testers.（AI代理使用12小时的游戏数据 进行"训练"，然后与专业游戏测试人员进行匹配。）以及第八段中的And in order to make improvements，the programmers used various kinds
of "rewards" to help the AI players weigh their goals and actions to help them cooperate in the teamwork.（而
为了做出改进，程序员们用各种"奖励"来帮助AI玩家权衡他们的目标和行动，帮助他们在团队合作中
合作。）可知，研究者通过将人工智能置于各种不同的情况下进行训练。故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据尾段中的Ethan Gach said at the video game news website Kotaku，"It suggests that
the AI program is able to adapt to playing with non﹣AI teammates."（Ethan Gach 在视频游戏新闻网站
Kotaku上说，"这表明AI程序能够适应与非AI队友一起玩。"）可知，Ethan Gach认为人工智能在与人
类玩家合作中表现很好。故选C。
（4）词句猜测题。结合划线单词所在的句子They also used…maps for each new match.（他们为每一款
新游戏使用……地形图。）可知，他们也使用新比赛的各种地形图来训练人工智能的团队合作，再根据
第四段However，successfully using teamwork to win in multiplayer games with complex environments was
difficult to achieve.（然而，在复杂环境的多人游戏中成功利用团队合作获胜是很困难的。）可知，多玩
家游戏相对来说环境是很复杂的，所以在训练过程中的地图也不应该是固定的，而是随机的，由此可猜
测该单词的意思是"随机化的"，A．generalized广泛的；B．specialized专门的；C．updated更新的；
D．memorized记忆的。generalized词义最为接近。故选A。
（5）标题归纳题。根据第二段"Artificially intelligent agents are getting better and better at two﹣player
games，but most real﹣world endeavors require teamwork，" DeepMind's researchers wrote in a paper
published in Science in June.（"人工智能代理在双人游戏中越来越好，但大多数现实世界的努力都需要团
队合作，"DeepMind的研究人员在六月发表在《科学》杂志上的一篇论文中写道。）可知，人工智能在
双人游戏对战中表现越来越好，但是大多数的现实世界中需要的是团队合作，由此引出下文的介绍，研
究者通过训练来培养人工智能的团队合作能力，结合尾段 In the near future，AI may cooperate with
human beings in some other fields，such as medicine and other branches of science.（在不久的将来，人工智
能可能会在其他一些领域与人类合作，例如医学和其他科学分支。）可知，在未来，人工智能能在某些
领域与人类合作，所以该文主要介绍的是人工智能的团队合作。故选C。
passage 15
Technology caused the problem of false news，and it's easy to think that technology can solve it and that
we only need to find the right technology to solve the problem.But this approach ignores valuable lessons
concerned with how we acquire knowledge.
To understand how false news comes，start with an example.Imagine you're out for drinks when one ofyour friends shocks the table with an unproven story about a local famous people.The story is so shocking
you're not sure it could be right.But then，here's your good friend，putting their reputation on the line.Maybe
you should believe it.
This is an instance of what philosophers call testimony （证词）.It's similar to the sort of testimony given
in a courtroom，but it is less formal and much more frequent.Testimony happens any time you believe
something because someone else proves the accuracy of the information.Most of our knowledge about the world
is secondhand knowledge that comes to us through testimony.After all，we can't each do all of our own
scientific research，or make our own maps of distant cities.
Social media has strange testimonial rules，and it is hard to solve the problem of false news.On
Facebook，Twitter and similar platforms，people don't always mean what they say，and we don't always
expect them to.A the informal Twitter：advertisement goes： "A retweet （转发推文） is not an approval."
When a well﹣known politician was caught retweeting false statistics about race and crime，he told Fox News
it wasn't a big deal： "am I gonna check every statistic？All it was is a retweet.It wasn't from me."
Intellectually （理智上），we know that people do this all of the time on social media，and pass along news
without checking its accuracy，but many of us listen to them anyway.The information they share is just too
attractive to ignore﹣especially when it is about our existing political beliefs.
（1）Why do we tend to believe surprising news over drinks？
A.We've confirmed it.
B.We may be drunken.
C.We find it amazing.
D.We trust in our friends.
（2）What does the underlined word "it" refer to in paragraph 3？
A.The statement in court.
B.The talk in a restaurant.
C.The evidence of a crime.
D.The testimony of a philosopher.
（3）Why is it easy for us to believe the content producers on social media？
A.We are tolerant of their actions.
B.Social media have issued odd regulations.
C.We will identify with them readily.D.Social media don't check the information.
（4）What may be the best title for the text？
A.How to Fix False News
B.How Incorrect Information Arrives
C.What Information to Acquire
D.When Testimony Disturbs Audience
【答案】DBCB
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们总认为技术可以解决假新闻这个问题，其实不然，文
章分析了假新闻是如何产生的。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。由此篇文章第二段中的关键句The story is so shocking you're not sure it could
be right.But then，here's your good friend，putting their reputation on the line.Maybe you should believe it.
（这个故事太令人震惊了，你不确定它是否正确。但现在，你的好朋友冒着名誉风险。也许你应该相
信。）可知你是因为相信自己的朋友才相信这则消息。故选D。
（2）代词指代题。由此篇文章第三段This is an instance of what philosophers call testimony （证词）.It's
similar to the sort of testimony given in a courtroom，but it is less formal and much more frequent.（这就是
哲学家所说的证词。它类似于法庭上的证词，但它不那么正式，而且更频繁。）可知，这个"it"指的正
是哲学家所说的"证词"，而这个证词指的是第二段的Imagine you're out for drinks when one of your friends
shocks the table with an unproven story about a local famous people.The story is so shocking you're not sure it
could be right.But then，here's your good friend，putting their reputation on the line.Maybe you should believe
it. （想象一下，当你出去喝酒时，你的一个朋友说了一个关于当地名人的未经证实的故事，震惊了整
个桌子。这个故事太令人震惊了，你不确定它是否正确。但现在，你的好朋友冒着名誉风险。也许你应
该相信。）可知这个it所指的正是在餐厅里的谈话。A.The statement in court.法庭上的陈述；B.The talk
in a restaurant.餐馆里的谈话；C.The evidence of a crime.犯罪的证据；D.The testimony of a philosopher.哲
学家的证词。故选B。
（3）推理判断题。由此篇文章第三段中的关键句 Testimony happens any time you believe something
because someone else proves the accuracy of the information.（任何时候，当你相信某件事，因为别人证明
了该信息的准确性时，证词就会发生。）和最后一段中的关键句 Intellectually （理智上），we know
that people do this all of the time on social media，and pass along news without checking its accuracy，but
many of us listen to them anyway.The information they share is just too attractive to ignore﹣especially when it
is about our existing political beliefs.（理智上，我们知道人们在社交媒体上一直都是这样做的，并且在不检查准确性的情况下传递新闻，但我们中的许多人还是会听它们。他们分享的信息太有吸引力了，不容
忽视﹣﹣﹣尤其是当它涉及到我们现有的政治信仰时。）可知我们会很容易地与社交媒体上的内容生产
者产生共鸣。故选C。
（4）标题判断题。由此篇文章第一段中的关键句But this approach ignores valuable lessons concerned with
how we acquire knowledge.（但是，这种方法忽略了与我们如何获得知识有关的宝贵经验。）第二段To
understand how false news comes，start with an example.（要了解假新闻是如何产生的，请从一个例子开
始。）以及最后一段中的关键句 Social media has strange testimonial rules，and it is hard to solve the
problem of false news.（社交媒体有着奇怪的证言规则，虚假新闻的问题很难解决。）可知，本文解释了
假新闻是如何产生的。所以"不正确的信息是如何产生的"作为题目最合适。故选B。
passage 16
While most of us are never without our smartphones ， robots may also soon become essential
companions.It certainly seems so based on the recent experiments conducted by researchers in Japan，who
developed a wearable soft robot for patients to use during treatments，such as injections（注射）and other
unpleasant therapies in an attempt to ease their pain and defend people against anxiety.On being subjected to a
moderate heat stimulus（刺激），the study participants who wore the robot experienced less pain than in the
tests in which they did not wear the robot.
During the campaign to encourage vaccination against COVID﹣19，public health officials recognized
that some people are simply afraid of needles，which contributed to reduced vaccination rates.While the
problems of patient anxiety and pain during medical procedures have been well studied，there remains a need
to test and implement solutions to help patients.
The soft fur﹣covered robot the scientists called Reliebo was designed to be attached to the participant's
hand.The researchers tested its effectiveness under various conditions based on the clenching of the participant's
hand，while applying the painful thermal stimulus to the other arm that was not being used to hold the
robot.The researchers found that holding the robot helped relieve the experience for patients regardless of the
experimental conditions used，and concluded that the feelings of well﹣being that can be created by human
touch may have also been activated by the robot."It is well known that interpersonal touch can reduce pain and
fear，and we believe that this effect can be achieved even with nonliving soft robots，"states Professor Tanaka.
This may be useful when actual human contact is not feasible，such as during pandemics.Future versions
of the robot might use a controlled gaze or even AR（augmented reality）technologies to help build aconnection with the patient or distract them from pain perception in various situations.
（1）What is the purpose of the robot？
A.To assist doctors in injecting accurately.
B.To help relieve people's pain from injections.
C.To evaluate patients' physical and mental health.
D.To assess the effects of getting vaccinated against COVID﹣19.
（2）How does the robot ease the pain and anxiety of the patients？
A.The robot is designed to be attached to the patients' hand.
B.The robot's soft fur gives the patients a feelings of well﹣being.
C.The robot's"interpersonal touch"creates a feelings of well﹣being.
D.The robot instructs the researchers to relieve the experience for patients.
（3）What will researchers probably do next？
A.Develop other devices for medical treatment.
B.Carry out more and more tests on the robot.
C.Evaluate the possible risk of using the robot.
D.Promote the application of the robot worldwide.
（4）Which of the following can be the best title for the passage？
A.How to Reduce People's Fear of Injections.
B.Advanced Technology Helps to Cure Patients.
C.Being Afraid of Needles Reduced Vaccination Rates.
D.Wearable Soft Robot Helps People Scare of injections.
【答案】BCAD
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了日本研究人员最近进行的实验，他们开发了一种可穿戴的
软体机器人从而保护人们免受焦虑。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据文章第一段 It certainly seems so based on the recent experiments
conducted by researchers in Japan，who developed a wearable soft robot for patients to use during treatments，
such as injections（注射） and other unpleasant therapies in an attempt to ease their pain and defend people
against anxiety.（从日本研究人员最近进行的实验来看，似乎确实如此。他们开发了一种可穿戴的软体
机器人，供患者在治疗期间使用，如注射和其他令人不快的治疗，试图减轻他们的疼痛，保护人们免受
焦虑。）可知，这款机器人可以减轻患者的疼痛。故选B。
（2）细节理解题。根据文章第三段 The researchers found that holding the robot helped relieve theexperience for patients regardless of the experimental conditions used，and concluded that the feelings of well
﹣being that can be created by human touch may have also been activated by the robot. "It is well known that
interpersonal touch can reduce pain and fear，and we believe that this effect can be achieved even with
nonliving soft robots，" states Professor Tanaka.（研究人员发现，无论实验条件如何，抱着机器人都有助
于缓解患者的体验，并得出结论，人类触摸所产生的幸福感可能也被机器人激活了。田中教授说："众
所周知，人与人之间的接触可以减少疼痛和恐惧，我们相信即使是在无生命的软体机器人身上也能达到
这种效果。"）可知，这款机器人让人们在触摸它的时候产生了幸福感，从而缓解了疼痛和焦虑。故选
C。
（3）推理判断题。根据文章最后一段Future versions of the robot might use a controlled gaze or even AR
（augmented reality） technologies to help build a connection with the patient or distract them from pain
perception in various situations.（未来版本的机器人可能会使用控制凝视甚至 AR（增强现实）技术来帮
助与患者建立联系，或在各种情况下分散他们对疼痛的感知。）可推断，研究人员未来会开发一些其他
的医疗功能。故选A。
（4）标题归纳题。根据文章第一段 It certainly seems so based on the recent experiments conducted by
researchers in Japan，who developed a wearable soft robot for patients to use during treatments，such as
injections（注射） and other unpleasant therapies in an attempt to ease their pain and defend people against
anxiety.On being subjected to a moderate heat stimulus（刺激），the study participants who wore the robot
experienced less pain than in the tests in which they did not wear the robot. （从日本研究人员最近进行的实
验来看，似乎确实如此。他们开发了一种可穿戴的软体机器人，供患者在治疗期间使用，如注射和其他
令人不快的治疗，试图减轻他们的疼痛，保护人们免受焦虑。在接受适度的热刺激时，佩戴机器人的研
究参与者比不佩戴机器人的测试参与者感受到的疼痛要少。）及全文可知，文章主要介绍了一种可穿戴
的软体机器人，它们可以帮助那些害怕注射的人们，以缓解他们的焦虑。所以"Wearable Soft Robot
Helps People Scare of injections.（可穿戴软体机器人帮助人们避免打针。）"作为文章标题最为合适。故
选D。
passage 17
A battery made of paper stands out among the 200 best inventions of the year in TIME Magazine. "It
sounds impossible：Just add water to a piece of paper and get energy，" said TIME Magazine，who chose the
Swiss﹣made battery as one of the winners in this year's "Experimental" inventions.
The battery was created by researchers at the Swiss Federal Laboratory for Materials Testing and Research."Over the last decades，we have witnessed an increasing use of electronic devices，leading in turn to electronic
waste （e﹣waste）becoming the world's fastest growing waste stream." wrote the researchers in their
published paper.They developed the paper battery aiming to reduce the environmental impact of single﹣use
electronics by turning to more environmentally friendly materials.
The battery was described to be made from paper with salt inside and based on printed inks：two kinds of
inks containing different minerals acted as the positive end and the negative end.Analysis of the performance of
a one﹣cell paper battery showed that after two drops of water were added，the battery started working within
20 seconds and reached a stable voltage （电压） of 1.2 V.After one hour，the one﹣cell battery's
performance dropped significantly as the paper dried out.But after the researchers added two extra drops of
water，its performance increased with a stable voltage of 0.5 V for another hour.
Within two to five years，the technology could be used in low﹣power electronics such as medical devices
and smart packaging. "I see a new role for paper...that could also be an answer to the growing concern over e﹣
waste，" said EMPA's Gustav Nyström，the inventor.He told TIME Magazine they wanted to improve the
efficiency of the battery in the futured and get it working for longer.
Each year TIME Magazine lists a selection of best inventions that "change how we live"，based on their
originality，creativity，efficiency，impact and other criteria.
（1）What did the researchers aim to do by developing a paper battery？
A．Create more environmentally friendly materials.
B．Win the best experimental invention of this year.
C．Reduce the impact of electronics on the environment.
D．Make the development of electronic devices grow faster.
（2）How did the researchers increase the performance of the battery？
A．By rewetting the paper.
B．By dropping more ink.
C．By shortening its working hours.
D．By adding another paper battery.
（3）What aspect of the battery do the researchers plan to promote according to Gustav Nyström？
A．Its creativity.
B．Its packaging.
C．Its technology.D．Its efficiency.
（4）What is the text mainly about？
A．Scientists invent a paper battery﹣just add water.
B．Paper battery is named among world's best inventions.
C．TIME Magazine lists a selection of inventions each year.
D．A new role for paper may help reduce the electronic waste.
【答案】CADB
【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲的是纸电池被评为世界上最好的发明之一。
【解答】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段中的 They developed the paper battery aiming to reduce the
environmental impact of single﹣use electronics by turning to more environmentally friendly materials.（他们
开发了纸电池，旨在通过转向更环保的材料来减少一次性电子产品对环境的影响。）可推知，研究人员
开发纸电池的目的是减少电子产品对环境的影响。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中的Analysis of the performance of a one﹣cell paper battery showed that
after two drops of water were added，the battery started working within 20 seconds and reached a stable
voltage （电压） of 1.2 V.After one hour，the one﹣cell battery's performance dropped significantly as the
paper dried out.But after the researchers added two extra drops of water，its performance increased with a
stable voltage of 0.5 V for another hour.（对单芯纸电池的性能分析表明，在加入两滴水后，电池在20秒
内开始工作，并达到1.2 V的稳定电压。一小时后，由于纸张变干，单电池的性能显著下降。但在研究
人员额外加入两滴水后，它的性能在0.5 V的稳定电压下又提高了一个小时。）可知，研究人员通过重
新润湿纸张来提高电池的性能。故选A。
（3）细节理解题。根据第四段中的 He told TIME Magazine they wanted to improve the efficiency of the
battery in the futured and get it working for longer.（他在接受《时代》杂志采访时表示，他们希望在未来
提高电池的效率，使其工作时间更长。）可知，研究人员计划提升电池的效率，故选D。
（4）主旨大意题。根据第一段中的A battery made of paper stands out among the 200 best inventions of the
year in TIME Magazine.（在《时代》杂志评选的年度200项最佳发明中，纸做的电池脱颖而出。）并结
合全文内容可知，文章主要介绍的是纸电池被评为世界上最好的发明之一。故选B。
passage 18
Radio stations，TV stations，and online video and livestreaming platforms are forbidden to make，
broadcast or spread programs that feature overeating，according to a new work plan issued by the National
Development and Reform Commission，together with three other departments.That's a positive move.It is easy to see from even a glimpse at any of the "big stomach" videos or
livestreams，in which the hosts may eat a dozen hamburgers for lunch，for example，that their eating
obviously exceeds a normal appetite.According to reports ， such "big stomach" eaters can attract large
audiences and more followers for commercial advertisements.
A good appetite can be healthy.Yet to promote such distorted eating is dangerous，not only to those doing
the eating on the shows but also anyone who may be tempted to emulate or compete with them，it can cause
eating disorders such as bulimia and can prove fatal.
In August 2020，a "big stomach" surnamed Wang in Shenyang city，Northeast China's Liaoning province
died when preparing for his job，before which his weight rose from 100 kilos to 140 kilos.In the same month，
a 3﹣year﹣ old girl called "Peppa" was found to weigh 35 kilos，far exceeding the normal weight，which
aroused nationwide worries about her health.
Those appearing in such videos or livestreamings are usually hired by companies with whole teams to finish
the job，and even then they often throw up during ad breaks so that they can continue their performances.And
as well as by encouraging people to eat so much it may harm their health，by creating the impression that it is
OK to eat to excess，such "big stomach" shows may lead to people wasting food.
Of course，that does not mean food videos or livestreamings should be curbed.A good food program can
teach people how to cook delicious dishes or showcase local specialties from around the country.It could also
spread the millenniums﹣long traditional food culture of China，which has made a deep impression on the
whole world and got many followers.
（1）What can we know about "big stomachs"？
A.They can draw many audiences and followers.
B.They can see videos or livestreams easily.
C.They are a positive move.
D.They often advertise their non﹣profit food.
（2）The underlined word "distorted" in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by .
A.exceptional
B.casual
C.abnormal
D.rigid
（3）Which of the following is NOT the effects of "big stomach" video or livestreaming for the eaters？A.They may arouse eating disorders and even death.
B.They may keep the eaters from throwing up.
C.They may mislead people into wasting food or overeating.
D.They may trigger some health problems such as overweight.
（4）What is the best title of the passage？
A.Food livestreamings should be banned
B.Food culture of China
C.Good appetite，good health
D.Love food，love life；don't envy "big stomachs"
【答案】ACBD
【分析】这是一篇议论文。本文介绍了关于禁止制作、播放和传播暴饮暴食节目的消息，分析了"大胃
王"直播的不良影响，指导人们看合适的美食直播，呼吁人们热爱正常饮食，关爱自己的生命。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句 According to reports，such "big stomach" eaters can
attract large audiences and more followers for commercial advertisements.（据报道，这种"大胃王"可以吸引
大量的观众和更多的追随者为商业广告。）可知，为了商业广告而设计的"大胃王"的播出能吸引住观众、
粉丝。故选A。
（2）词句猜测题。根据第二段第二句 It is easy to see from even a glimpse at any of the "big stomach"
videos or livestreams，in which the hosts may eat a dozen hamburgers for lunch，for example，that their
eating obviously exceeds a normal appetite.（在"大胃王"视频或直播中，主持人可能会在午餐时吃一打汉
堡包，即使只是瞥一眼，也很容易看出他们的食欲明显超过了正常的食欲。）此句中 exceeds a normal
appetite 为关键词；第三段 A good appetite can be healthy.Yet to promote such distorted eating is
dangerous，not only to those doing the eating on the shows but also anyone who may be tempted to emulate or
compete with them，it can cause eating disorders such as bulimia and can prove fatal.（好的食欲可以是健康
的。然而，宣传这种扭曲的饮食习惯是危险的，不仅对那些在节目中吃东西的人，而且对任何可能被诱
惑去模仿或与他们竞争的人来说，都是危险的，它可能导致饮食失调，如贪食症，并可能证明是致命
的。）可知，"大胃王"暴饮暴食是不正常的饮食行为，会损害身体健康。A.exceptional非常特别；
B.casual随意，满不在乎；C.abnormal异常；D.rigid死板。划线词distorted与"normal"为反义词。故选
C。
（3）细节理解题。根据第三段 A good appetite can be healthy.Yet to promote such distorted eating is
dangerous，not only to those doing the eating on the shows but also anyone who may be tempted to emulate or
compete with them，it can cause eating disorders such as bulimia and can prove fatal.（好的食欲可以是健康的。然而，宣传这种扭曲的饮食习惯是危险的，不仅对那些在节目中吃东西的人，而且对任何可能被诱
惑去模仿或与他们竞争的人来说，都是危险的，它可能导致饮食失调，如贪食症，并可能证明是致命
的。）可知，"大胃王"视频或直播者可能因暴饮暴食而导致饮食失调，甚至死亡。根据第四段In August
2020，a "big stomach" surnamed Wang in Shenyang city，Northeast China's Liaoning province died when
preparing for his job，before which his weight rose from 100 kilos to 140 kilos.In the same month，a 3﹣year
﹣ old girl called "Peppa" was found to weigh 35 kilos，far exceeding the normal weight，which aroused
nationwide worries about her health.（2020年8月，中国东北沈阳市一位姓王的"大肚子"辽宁省在准备工
作时死亡，此前他的体重从100公斤上升到140公斤。同月，一位名叫" Peppa"的3岁女孩被发现体重
35公斤，远远超过正常体重，这引起了全国人民对她健康的担忧。）可知，"大胃王"行为导致当事人体
重超重。第五段最后一句And as well as by encouraging people to eat so much it may harm their health，by
creating the impression that it is OK to eat to excess，such "big stomach" shows may lead to people wasting
food.（此外，鼓励人们吃得太多可能会损害他们的健康，给人造成吃得过多是可以接受的印象，这
种"大胃"的表现可能会导致人们浪费食物。）可知，"大胃王"节目误导人们，导致食物的浪费。A项、
C项和D项都是"大胃王"的不良影响，排除法，故选B。
（4）标题判断题。根据第一段Radio stations，TV stations，and online video and livestreaming platforms
are forbidden to make，broadcast or spread programs that feature overeating，according to a new work plan
issued by the National Development and Reform Commission，together with three other departments.（根据国
家发改委和其他三个部门发布的新工作计划，广播电台、电视台、在线视频和直播平台禁止制作、播放
或传播以暴饮暴食为特征的节目。）可知，被禁止的是暴饮暴食类的食品直播。第二至第五段分析"大
胃王"直播吸的目的，以及产生的各种不利影响；最后一段引导大家看合适的美食直播。选项 D.Love
food，love life；don't envy "big stomachs"（热爱食物，热爱生活，不要羡慕"大肚子"）符合本文标题。
故选D。
passage 19
Teaching artificial intelligence to understand simple physics concepts，such as that one solid object can't
occupy the same space as another，could lead to more capable software that takes less computational resources
to train，say researchers at DeepMind.
Now，Luis Piloto at DeepMind and his colleagues have created an AI called Physics Learning through
Auto﹣encoding and Tracking Objects （PLATO） that is designed to understand that the physical world is
composed of objects that follow basic physical laws.The researchers trained PLATO to identify objects and their interactions by using simulated（模 拟的）
videos of objects moving as we would expect，such as balls falling to the ground，rolling behind each other
and bouncing off each other.They also gave PLATO data showing which pixels（像素） in every frame or
photo belonged to each object.To test PLATO's ability to understand five physical concepts，such as solidity，
persistence （that an object doesn't tend to vanish） and unchangingness （that an object tends to retain
features like shape and colour），the researchers used another series of simulated videos.Some showed objects
obeying the laws of physics，while others depicted ridiculous actions.They tasked PLATO to predict what
would happen next in each video，and found that its predictions were reliably wrong for nonsensical videos，
but usually correct for logical ones，suggesting the AI has an intuitive（直觉的）knowledge of physics.
Piloto says the results show that an object﹣centric view of the world could give an AI a more generalised and
adaptable set of abilities. "If you consider，for instance，all the different scenes that an apple might be in，" he
says. "You don't have to learn about an apple on a tree，versus an apple in your kitchen，versus an apple in the
garbage.When you kind of separate the apple as its own thing，you're in a better position to generalise how it
behaves in new systems，in new contexts.It provides learning efficiency."
"This is somewhat like teaching a kid what a car is by first teaching them what wheels and seats
are，"Chen Feng at New York University says."The benefit of using object﹣centric representation，instead of
raw visual inputs，makes AI learn intuitive physical concepts with better data efficiency."
（1）Why was PLATO created？
A.To help AI process more data.
B.To teach AI researchers how to use simple physics knowledge.
C.To enable AI to comprehend simple physics concepts.
D.To have objects follow basic physical laws.
（2）What does the third paragraph mainly talk about？
A.The purpose of the research.
B.The participants of the research.
C.The objects of the research.
D.The process of the research.
（3）What's the function of the example in paragraph four？
A.Clarify a concept.
B.Provide theoretical basis.C.Attract readers' attention.
D.Introduce a scene.
（4）Which word can best describe the attitude of the author towards PLATO？
A.Unconcerned.
B.Critical.
C.Objective.
D.Indifferent.
【答案】CDAC
【分析】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了教会人工智能理解基本的物理概念，使之拥有人一样的直觉感知，
有利于研制出占用更少计算资源的、功能更为强大的软件。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Now，Luis Piloto at DeepMind and his colleagues have created an
AI called Physics Learning through Auto﹣encoding and Tracking Objects （PLATO） that is designed to
understand that the physical world is composed of objects that follow basic physical laws.（现在，DeepMind
的路易斯皮洛托（Luis Piloto）和他的同事们已经创建了一种名为"通过自动编码和跟踪物体进行物理学
习"（PLATO）的人工智能，该智能旨在理解物理世界是由遵循基本物理定律的物体组成的。）可知，
制造PLATO 的目的是为了教会人工智能理解基本的物理概念，故选C。
（2）段落大意题。根据第三段第一句 The researchers trained PLATO to identify objects and their
interactions by using simulated（模 拟的）videos of objects moving as we would expect，such as balls falling
to the ground，rolling behind each other and bouncing off each other.（研究人员训练 PLATO 通过模拟物体
运动的视频来识别物体及其相互作用，就像我们期望的那样，比如球落到地上，在彼此后面滚动，互相
碰撞。）以及本段最后一句They tasked PLATO to predict what would happen next in each video，and found
that its predictions were reliably wrong for nonsensical videos，but usually correct for logical ones，suggesting
the AI has an intuitive（直觉的）knowledge of physics.（他们让 PLATO 预测每个视频中接下来会发生什
么，发现它的预测对于无意义的视频来说是可靠的错误，但对于逻辑性的视频来说通常是正确的，这表
明人工智能具有物理学的直觉知识。）可知，本段主要讲述的是研究过程，故选D。
（3）推理判断题。根据第四段第一句Piloto says the results show that an object﹣centric view of the world
could give an AI a more generalised and adaptable set of abilities.（ Piloto说这个结果显示对世界有古怪的
想法会给人工智能一种概括性更强、适应性更强的能力。）以及后面的"for instance（例如 ）"可知，作
者举例是要对前面提出的概念进行解释，故选A。
（4）推理判断题。根据最后一段第一句This is somewhat like teaching a kid what a car is by first teaching
them what wheels and seats are，"Chen Feng at New York University says.（这有点像教一个孩子什么是汽车，首先教他们什么是轮子和座椅，"纽约大学的陈峰说。）"可知，作者对PLATO的态度是一种基于
常识的客观的态度，故选C。
passage 20
A group of researchers has developed a new material which is as soft as cotton but as strong as Kevlar and
as conductive as many metals.It can be worn and washed like normal clothing and could eventually turn athletic
clothes into smart "wearables".
The so﹣called "carbon nanotube（纳米管）threads" work similarly to the wires in an EKG （心电图）
monitoring device，which measures heart rhythms to detect heart conditions.But instead of having to be
patched（贴上）onto the skin，they can be sewn into a T﹣shirt and worn like normal athletic clothes，
according to a new study from researches at a Rice University Brown School of Engineering lab.And unlike
wires.they say the threads can comfortably move with the wearer.and be washed ， stretched and worn
repeatedly without breaking down.
The Rice University lab first developed carbon nanotube fiber in 2013，and has studied its use in medical
operations，such as in cochlear（耳蜗的） implants for hearing loss and to repair damaged hearts.But at the
time，the original filaments （细丝） were too thin to be used by a standard sewing machine.
For this latest one，researchers worked with a rope﹣maker to weave the filaments together into a material
similar to regular sewing thread that could be sewn into athletic clothes.The resulting "smart" shirt provides
"soft，wearable，dry sensors for continuous" EKG monitoring，the study states.
Though likely a long way off from going into production for consumers.the material could eventually help
replace heavy EKG monitors in medical settings and heart rate monitoring watches.With some changes，clothes
with these fibers could eventually be able to track other vital signs，according to the researchers.
"You just don't find soft，flexible，thread﹣like materials that are comfortable to the touch，that you can
work with，that you can build a bridge or you can build a power line out of ，but you can also run it through a
sewing machine. " said Oliver Dewy，a member of the research team. "Nothing else behaves like this. "
（1）What's the feature of the new material？
A．It's soft but not strong enough.
B．It's flexible but not comfortable.
C．It can conduct electricity easily.
D．It's too thin to be used by a standard sewing machine.（2）What was the carbon nanotube fiber used for initially？
A．Measuring heart rhythms.
B．Being sewn into athletic clothes.
C．Helping patients with hearing loss.
D．Improving exercise capacity of athletes.
（3）What's Oliver Dewy's attitude to this new material？
A．Favorable.
B．Doubtful.
C．Unclear.
D．Critical.
（4）What's the best title of the text？
A．The Future of Sports Clothes.
B．Portable Accurate EKG Monitoring Device.
C．The Study of Carbon Nanotube Fiber.
D．Measuring Heart Rate Through a Smart Shirt.
【答案】CCAD
【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了最近研究人员研究出一种纳米纤维，把它织进衣服，再通过蓝
牙连上电脑，不仅能监测心率，还能随时做心电图。
【解答】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段中的A group of researchers has developed a new material which is
as soft as cotton but as strong as Kevlar and as conductive（导电的） as many metals.（一组研究人员开发
了一种新材料，它像棉花一样柔软，像凯夫拉尔纤维一样坚固，像许多金属一样导电。）可知，这种新
型材料跟许多金属一样导电性能好。故选C。
（2）细节理解题。根据第三段中的The Rice University lab first developed carbon nanotube fiber in 2013，
and has studied its use in medical operations，such as in cochlear implants（人工耳蜗）for hearing loss and to
repair damaged hearts.（莱斯大学实验室于2013年首次开发出碳纳米管纤维，并研究了其在医疗手术中
的应用，如用于听力损失的耳蜗植入和修复受损的心脏。）可知，这种碳纳米管纤维可用于帮助有听力
损失的病人。故选C。
（3）观点态度题。根据最后一段 You just don't find soft，flexible，thread﹣like materials that are
comfortable to the touch，that you can work with，that you can build a bridge out of it or you can build a
powerline out of it，but you can also run it through a sewing machine，" said Oliver Dewy，a member of the
research team. "Nothing else behaves like this. "（研究团队成员奥利弗•杜伊表示："你找不到柔软、柔韧、线状的材料，这些材料摸起来很舒服，你可以用它们工作，你可以用它们搭建桥梁或电线，但你也可以
用缝纫机来运转它。"。"没有其他东西有这样的表现。"）可知，Oliver Dewy的态度是赞成的。A．
Favourable.赞成的。B．Doubtful.怀疑的。C．Unclear.不清楚的。D．Critical.批判的。故选A。
（4）标题判断题。第一段介绍了一种新材料，结合第二段 The so﹣called "carbon nanotube（纳米管）
threads" work similarly to the wires in an EKG （心电图）monitoring device，which measures heart rhythms
to detect heart conditions.But instead of having to be patched（贴上）onto the skin，they can be sewn into a T
﹣shirt and worn like normal athletic clothes，according to a new study from researches at a Rice University
Brown School of Engineering lab.（ 所谓的"碳纳米管线"工作原理类似于心电图监测设备中通过测量心律
来检测心脏状况的电线。但是，根据莱斯大学布朗工程学院实验室的一项新研究，它们不需要贴在皮肤
上，而是可以缝在T恤上，像普通的运动服一样穿着）可知，本文主要介绍一种新材料，这种新材料可
以做成线，织在衣服中，从而可以检测心脏状况。所以以Measuring Heart Rate Through a Smart Shirt.
（通过智能衬衫测量心率。）作为题目最合适。故选D。
