文档文本内容
文化类词汇对应阅读
passage 1
Join Us，Succeed Together!
To meet the rapid development of Wal﹣Mart in China，we now invite people with qualification to join us.
Construction Manager
You are employed to lead and train a team of project managers and manage all stages of projects under
construction throughout China.
Requirements：University graduate in Architecture with at least 6 years in Project Management.Being able
to work on weekends and on the night shift is a distinct advantage.
Public Relation Manager
Your duties include publishing the news related to the company，supporting and maintaining（维护）the
local public relationship all over the country.
Requirements：Bachelor degree or above，3 + years' managerial experience.Good command of Chinese
and English.Rich media network，excellent negotiation skill，and good organization skill.Senior Market
Research Manager
We are accepting applicants who are responsible for researchprojects design，quality control，data
analysis，report preparation and presentation.You also communicate with research suppliers，manage and
control the survey quality.
Requirements：Bachelor degree or above，majoring in Business Administration or Marketing.Fluent
English ， skillful PC operation and complete knowledge about statistics & data processing.Business
Development Manager
You are responsible for finding new business sites.You'll conduct negotiations，sign and keep good
relationship with developers.
Requirements：Bachelor degree，good spoken and written English and good computer skill.5 plus years
experience with not less than 3﹣year experience in business development field.
（1）What is a plus if you apply to be a construction manager？
A.Willingness to work overtime.
B.Rich working experience.
C.Great sense of team spirit.D.Excellent human relations.
（2）What position requires an applicant to master English and Chinese？
A.Construction manager.
B.Public relation manager.
C.Business development manager.
D.Senior market research manager.
（3）What's the duty of a business development manager？
A.Checking project quality.
B.Training project managers.
C.Negotiating with developers.
D.Publishing the corporate news.
passage 2
Tens of thousands of ancient pictures carved into the rocks at one of France's most important tourist sites
are being gradually destroyed.Scientists and researchers fear that the 36，000 drawings on rocks in Mont Bego
in the French Alps are being damaged so rapidly that they will not survive for future generations.
The mountain believed to have once been a site for prayer is scattered （散布） with 4000﹣year﹣old
drawings cut into bare rock.But as the popularity of the site increases ，the pictures are being ruined by
thoughtless graffiti （涂鸦）.
Jean Clottes is the chairman of the International Committee on Rock Art.He says "People think that because
the pictures have been there so long they will always continue to be there.But if the damage continues at this
rate there will be nothing left in 50 years."
He describes seeing tourists stamping on the drawings，wearing away the rock and clearness of the
artwork as they do so.Some visitors he says even cut off parts to take home as souvenirs.Other researchers
describe how people arrive carrying long sticks with sharp ends to scratch their own drawings，or even their
names in the rocks.
But experts are divided over the best way to preserve the drawings.Henry de Lumley，director of the
Museum of Natural History in Paris，believes that the only way to save the site is to turn the whole mountain
into a "no﹣go" area，preventing the public from going there except on guided tours.
Clottes disagrees. "The measure suggested by Henry de Lumley is the most severe，and while it is themost effective，it is also certain to bring about protests from people who live there " he said. "The site was
classified as a historic monument years ago by the Ministry of Culture and we must do as much as possible to
save what is there."
Annie Echassoux who also worked on researching the site is alarmed that as the mountain becomes easier to
reach — tourists can now avoid the three﹣and﹣a﹣half﹣hour walk by hiring vehicles — the damage will
increase rapidly.She thinks that the only solution is to rope off the area and provide guides. "You can't say the
plan can't go ahead because there is no money " she said. "That is not good enough.Money must be provided
because the Ministry of Culture has classified this area as a historic site.If we don't take steps，we will be
responsible for losing the drawings for the next generation."
（1）Jean Clottes says that people who visit the mountain .
A.do not believe the drawings are old
B.believe they are allowed to paint there
C.assume the drawings will not disappear
D.think the drawings should be left alone
（2）According to Jean Clottes some of the visitors to the area have .
A.taken bits of the rock home
B.helped to clean the drawings
C.been unable to take photographs
D.misunderstood what the pictures mean
（3）Henry de Lumley is eager to .
A.protect public rights
B.ban traffic in the area
C.set up research projects
D.keep out individual visitors
（4）Which word best describes Annie Echassoux's attitude towards saving the historic site？
A.Worried.
B.Supportive.
C.Disappointed.
D.Hesitant.
（5）This passage has been written about Mont Bego to .A.advertise the closing of the site
B.encourage scientists to visit the site
C.describe fears for the future of the site
D.warn visitors about the dangers of the site
passage 3
Explore China's Ancient Water Towns
Nanxun
This water town typically draws smaller crowds.The architecture is a unique mix of traditional Chinese and
Western styles.As you walk along the ancient canals，you're likely to see locals playing cards or having tea
outdoors.The town dates back to the Chunyou Period of the Song Dynasty，between the years of 1241 to
1252.Today，it's considered to be the best destination for weddings.
Tongli
Tongli is considered a mini Venice，with nearly every building on or by a canal.The town itself is
composed of seven small islands，separated by 15 canals and joined by more than 40 bridges—plus，five lakes
surround the town itself.Tongli is more than 1，000 years old，and the oldest bridge in the town dates back to
the Song Dynasty，which began in the year 960.Visitors here should check out the wedding museum，which
has antique Chinese wedding clothes and items on display.
Zhouzhuang
This is the most famous and most commercialized ancient water town in China.The architecture here dates
back more than 900 years，with about 60 original brick archivesand 100 original courtyards.More recently，a
tower called Quanfu Temple was built in 1987.Climb to the top to get the best view of the ancient town.Or for a
more authentic experience，visit Chengxu Taoist Temple，which was built between 1086 and 1093.It's one of
the most famous Taoist temples in the area.
Xitang
Xitang separates itself from other water towns with sheltered waterside streets，allowing locals and guests
to comfortably walk alongside the canals even during the rainy season.Thanks to a less commercial
atmosphere，visitors will be rewarded with opportunities that aren't likely to be found in other water towns—
like fishing with locals on the canals and having dinner on a boat.Xitang is truly ancient，dating back to the
Warring States Period of 476 BC to 221 BC.（1）Which town will an ancient Chinese wedding culture lover most probably prefer？
A.Nanxun.
B.Xitang.
C.Tongli.
D.Zhouzhuang.
（2）When was Quanfu Temple built？
A.In 900.
B.In 1086.
C.In 1093.
D.In 1987.
（3）What is unique about Xitang？
A.Its famous Taoist temples.
B.Its sheltered waterside streets.
C.Its various ancient bridges.
D.Its commercial atmosphere.
passage 4
Few would question that arts，in its massive forms and media，are like a mirror that reflects the social，
cultural.economic or even political situation of a society of a particular era.However，beyond being simply an
illustration of the human condition.arts can be vital in pushing the country forward.culturally and economically.
Without doubt，arts are important for the progress of society.They enable individuals to develop on the
whole and deepen the social ties in communities by gathering people to create.experience and enjoy art
together，which can be seen from traditional ethnic dances to interactive theatre performances.Beyond material
wants and.needs，human beings find fulfilment in experiencing and expressing things of remarkable value
through arts.Meanwhile，strong citizens' participation in arts also strengthens the social fabric of a nation.
Morcover，arts enable a nation to progress in human rights and values.As powerful media that are able to
stir hearts and cause reflection，arts can speak up the human voice of criticism sharply and clearly in times of
crisis，and call upon society to seek the common good.It is evident that arts，which express human values and
emotions，can constitute a profound way of promoting human dignity and additionally，form the barrier of theethical and moral life of society.
More often than not，a booming arts scene may not narrow the rich﹣poor divide.It's not hard to see that in
a highly competitive world，it is essential for governments to prioritize the development of a strong workforce
and the building of sustainable industries.However，where they can be afforded，arts may well complement
（补充） economic policies as arts encourage individuals to exercise creativity.As Albert Einstein stated，
imagination is more important than knowledge.While knowledge and professional skills may stimulate a
country's development，the ability to innovate and think out of the box may be valuable to a society facing ever
new and unpredictable challenges.
While the importance of arts may differ from country to country ， depending on its economic
circumstances and the social﹣political issues each face，the importance of arts to the progress of a nation
should not be overlooked.
（1）What's the first paragraph mainly about？
A.The forms of arts.
B.The functions of arms.
C.The definition of arts.
D.The development of arts.
（2）How do arts influence human nights and values？
A.By reflecting humans' views.
B.By pointing out the common good.
C.By giving people a sense of fulfilment.
D.By forming the moral standard of society.
（3）Why is Albert Einstein mentioned in paragraph 4？
A.To praise Albert Einstein's achievements.
B.To call on humans to remember our history.
C.To stress the unimportance of arts in creativity.
D.To show the necessity of knowledge and skills.
（4）What will the author probably agree with？
A.Arts serve as the major influence in values.
B.Arts play a part in the progress of a country.
C.Arts should aim at strengthening social bonds.D.Arts can bridge the gap between rich and poor.
passage 5
The artifacts（文物）are silent witnesses of bygone eras.It is only in a museum that you can reconnect
with the past.If you are visiting museums in Sydney，the following will offer you the best experiences that
reflect on the diverse history of Australia and its people.
Powerhouse Museum
In case you are visiting Sydney with your family，this museum offers one of the most exciting experiences
in this city.The museum's exhibits are devoted to displaying technologies that have transformed our
world.Detailing innovations in space travel，nuclear science and the workings of light ，electricity and
gravity，they will surely interest your entire family，especially the young ones.
Australian National Maritime Museum
Australia is surrounded by water.Getting some insights into how this huge land relates to its surrounding
waters is quite helpful as it is exciting.Learn how Australia and its people have been affected by the waters.Go
back in history and learn about the experiences of the first people brought to Australia as prisoners.The Sea
Journeys exhibit takes care of this.
Australian Museum
Imagine coming face to face with ten complete dinosaur skeletons in the Dinosaur exhibit!As you walk
through the museum，you will come across the Exploring Australia exhibit which will take you through stuffed
recreations of some of Australia's most dangerous animals including the now﹣extinct Tasmanian Tiger，ten
most poisonous snakes and a number of crocodiles.Certainly，this is a museum you will not want to miss out
on.
Museum of Sydney
Here you will learn everything about the rich and diverse history of this city.The digital presentations will
interest you.Get the opportunity to view a huge range of artifacts from Sydney's history.The gift shop in the
museum gives you a wide range of special gifts to choose for your loved ones.
（1）What is special about Powerhouse Museum？
A.It's especially kid﹣friendly.
B.Its exhibits are the latest.C.It tells Australia's early history.
D.It reflects Sydney's life near the sea.
（2）Where does the Exploring Australia exhibit take place？
A.Powerhouse Museum.
B.Museum of Sydney.
C.Australian Museum.
D.Australian National Maritime Museum.
（3）Who are the intended readers of this text？
A.Students.
B.Tourists.
C.Historians.
D.Journalists.
passage 6
With lion dance，Chinese Kongfu，Chinese crosstalk，songs and dances，and award﹣winning
speeches，students from across New Zealand showed their Chinese language skills in the annual "Chinese
Bridge" event held on Saturday.
Fifteen secondary school students and two primary school students participated in the event，which was
organized by the Confucius Institute in Auckland.
Naisi，a New Zealand member of parliament （议会），reflected on his own experience of learning
Chinese.He came to New Zealand at five.He had very patient Chinese teachers and passed the Chinese language
tests smoothly.The capability to speak Chinese grounded him well in his Chinese culture.He is looking forward
to hearing from bilingual （双语） talents who will help New Zealand become more diverse and promote
cross﹣cultural exchanges.
Elijah from the Lincoln High School started learning Chinese when he was eleven.It was his fifth time to
participate in the "Chinese Bridge".He said that learning Chinese is of great help for him to know China better
and he wished to visit the Great Wall in Beijing，the Oriental Pearl Tower in Shanghai and the Yellow Crane
Tower in Wuhan.
Ryan from the Christchurch Boy's High School said that learning Chinese provides him with more
opportunities for future career development.He said it was awesome that learning Chinese could allow him tomake friends with 1.4 billion people.
Chinese Ambassador Trophy from ACG Parnell College said that learning Chinese had opened a new door for
him.From leaning Chinese，he started to understand the meaning of filial piety （孝顺），which made him
closer to his parents.He learned Chinese very hard and wished the friendship between New Zealand and China
makes further progress.
（1）What can we learn about"Chinese Bridge"event from the first paragraph？
A．It's a Chinese bridge.
B．It's held on weekdays.
C．It's a yearly event.
D．It's held for Chinese students.
（2）Why could Naisi know Chinese culture well？
A．He relied on his own experience.
B．He had the ability to speak Chinese.
C．He began to learn Chinese at five.
D．He attracted some bilingual talents.
（3）What has Trophy benefited from learning Chinese？
A．Organizing the cross﹣culture event.
B．Securing him a job in China.
C．Visiting China with a scholarship.
D．Having a better relationship with his parents.
（4）What did the four men mentioned in the passage think of learning Chinese？
A．Amusing.
B．Meaningful.
C．Efficient.
D．Tough.
passage 7
Chinese ink paintings once were on the edge of being forgotten﹣at least according to a paper of Li
Xiaoshan，a postgraduate art student.At the time，many Chinese painting professionals passed away without finding younger artists to fill their
shoes.Young artists were left on their own to find breakthroughs and define themselves as artists.While
extremely exaggerated （ 夸 张 ） ， Li's comment sent shock waves through the Chinese painting
community.Since then，many experimental painters have taken to their studios in China，creating many
astonishing and inspirational ink paintings using new methods and concepts，marking an important step for the
development of contemporary Chinese paintings.
Shao Ge is a representative of this new form.Born to an ordinary family in Beijing in 1962，Shao was
keen on traditional Chinese paintings.As a child，he spent much of his time staring at the ink masterpieces in
the Palace Museum.There was an elder neighbor，who was good at Chinese painting and calligraphy.In his
spare time，the kind elder talked about traditional Chinese culture to young Shao.Some years later，Shao
decided to study painting after graduating from high school.After graduating in the Beijing Arts and Crafts
School in 1978，Shao was sent to work at a small crafts factory.Before long，the factory went bankrupt.Shao
later passed an exam and became a painter for RongBao Zhai，a famous Chinese art gallery established in
1672.This career jump allowed Shao to springboard into a lifetime of ink paintings.
"At first，I just drew everything﹣landscapes，figures，flowers，birds，and fish，" Shao said. "But I
soon found sticking to traditional thoughts and skills of Chinese paintings would be a brake on my development
as a professional painter.For this reason，I decided to innovate my own style."
（1）What do the underlined words "fill their shoes" mean in Paragraph 2？
A．Calm them down.
B．Ask them for help.
C．Focus on themselves.
D．Take over their roles.
（2）What does Paragraph 3 mainly introduce about Shao Ge？
A．His journey to art.
B．His family background.
C．His neighbor's influence.
D．His passion for learning.
（3）What will be probably talked about in the next paragraph？
A．People's view of Shao's painting.B．Shao's impact on Chinese painting.
C．The development of traditional painting.
D．Shao's successful experiment in painting.
（4）In which column of a newspaper can this text probably be found？
A．Fashion.
B．Feature.
C．Education.
D．Literature.
passage 8
Some Italian architects have completed the first 3 D﹣printed home made from clay recently.It is called
TECLA，which comes from "technology" and "clay".
Its founder，Mario Cucinella，points out that building homes from earth is not new.Adobe﹣made from a
mix of earth，water and organic material﹣is one of the world's earliest construction materials，known for its
firmness，and bio﹣degradability.He hopes that its design can become a practical option to house people who
lack adequate housing due to financial issues.
Over the past few years，many 3 D﹣printed homes and communities have been conceptualized，
promising low construction costs.But while previous structures were built using concrete or plastic，TECLA
was mainly built from soil at the site mixed with water and fibers from rice husks.Cucinella believes this
approach can be adopted in different parts of the world，using whatever local materials are available，and
could be particularly helpful in remote areas，where industrial construction materials are harder to come by.
Printing with clay has its drawbacks.It's a much slower process than quick﹣drying concrete 3 D﹣printed
homes and all﹣clay skyscrapers are not likely in the future.However，the use of available soil and the
program's ease of construction mean that TECLA could be well﹣suited to provide housing in many different
countries.It is estimated that by 2030，3 billion people will require access to accessible and affordable
residences. "You can build this kind of house in many more places when you are not dependent on some specific
product，" Cucinella explained.
TECLA has drawn wide attention. "I'm not in the position to say this will be the future of all houses on the
planet， "Russo，another 3 D﹣printing architect said.However，he added， "I think this revolution of 3 D
printing is to give people a degree of freedom in how to do things，without being connected to a big，professional industry."
（1）What's the purpose of TECLA？
A．To make 3 D﹣printed homes firmer.
B．To assist in solving housing issues.
C．To provide alternatives for house buyers.
D．To help the poor through financial difficulty.
（2）What can we learn about the construction of TECLA？
A．It's quite expensive.
B．It takes a shorter time.
C．It's a demanding process.
D．It's flexible in material selection.
（3）What is Russo's attitude to TECLA？
A．Favorable.
B．Critical.
C．Doubtful.
D．Tolerant.
（4）What's the text mainly about？
A．A design that can replace the previous patterns.
B．A technology that takes the lead in architecture.
C．A structure where tradition meets new technology.
D．A trend where technology is coupled with architecture.
passage 9
Invented in the Tang Dynasty and widely adopted after the Song Dynasty in Fujian，the watertight﹣
bulkhead （水密舱壁） technology permits the construction of ocean﹣going ships with watertight
compartments（隔层）.If one or two cabins are accidentally damaged at sea，water will not flood the other
cabins and the ships will remain afloat.
The experience and working methods of watertight﹣bulkhead technology are transmitted orally from master
to apprentices.However，the need for Chinese junks（中国式帆船） has decreased sharply as wooden shipshave been replaced by steel﹣hulled ships，and today only three masters can claim full command of this
technology.Associated building costs have also increased owing to a shortage in raw materials.Therefore，the
inheritance（继承） of this heritage is decreasing，and inheritors are forced to seek alternative employment.
Zhang Guohui，a 77﹣year﹣old inheritor of the watertight﹣bulkhead techniques used to make Chinese
junks，has been making ships for more than six decades.Coming from a poor family in a fishing town in East
China's Fujian Province，Zhang started to make a living at the age of 16 fishing on the open seas，which is
where he developed a keen interest in constructing boats.As a fast learner，Zhang was later sent to shipyards in
the cities of Quanzhou and Xiamen in Fujian
Province，where he received training and became a master of traditional Chinese junks and gained fame
because of his extremely skilled craftsmanship in the construction of these junks.
In fear that the traditional skills would die someday，Zhang started to restore old ships and make model
junks for the museum with his 20 years of shipbuilding skills. "The restored ancient ships are the historical
witnesses of Quanzhou as a maritime center of the East and Southeast Asia trade network，" said Zhang，
adding that he finds the work meaningful since younger generations can learn from exhibitions of ancient ships
that their ancestors had advanced shipbuilding technology at an early stage of development. "As long as I'm
alive，I'll keep passing on the heritage，" he said.
（1）What function is expected of the watertight﹣bulkhead technology？
A．To prevent ships from sinking.
B．To reduce the weight of ships.
C．To allow ships to sail faster.
D．To help ships resist strong winds.
（2）Which of the following is the purpose of paragraph 2？
A．To prove the significance of steel﹣hulled ships."
B．To stress the complex process of building wooden ships.
C．To present people's efforts to pass down cultural heritages.
D．To show difficulties of inheriting watertight﹣bulkhead technology.
（3）What can we learn about Zhang Guohui from paragraph 3？
A．He supports his family by fishing.
B．He was born with a talent for shipbuilding.C．He has devoted himself to constructing boats.
D．He has won many awards for restoring ancient ships.
（4）What does Zhang Guohui convey in his words？
A．Traditional culture should be innovated with the times.
B．The ancient ship trade originated from Quanzhou in China.
C．It is necessary for modern students to learn shipbuilding skills.
D．It is worth passing on traditional skills from generation to generation.
passage 10
The Chinese new year begins on 22 January，2023 and lasts until 9 February 2024.While most of Asia
celebrates the year of the rabbit，Vietnam celebrates the year of the cat.In the Chinese zodiac（十二生肖），
there are 12 animals，and the 4th animal is the rabbit；while in the Vietnamese zodiac，the 4th position is
occupied by the cat.How the cat covered for the rabbit in Vietnam's zodiac is still the subject of debate.
It was said the Jade Emperor organized a race across a river for all the animals in the world.The first 12 to
reach the other side would appear in the zodiac.In the Chinese version of the story，the cat and the rat were
riding across a river on an ox when the rat pushed the cat into the water.The rat won the race，turning the two
animals into enemies.That is why cats have been hunting rats ever since.However，in the Vietnamese version—
which did not have a rabbit—the cat could swim and ended up arriving.
One possible explanation for replacing rabbit with cat might have to do with language.In old Chinese，
there is' a word tied to the sign of the rabbit that is pronounced mao （卯）.The pronunciation is similar to
mèo，the Vietnamese word for cat.
Quyen Di，a lecturer at UCLA，said the custom has to do with the landscape of Vietnam. "Initially，the
Chinese lived in the savanna（稀树草原）area，while the Vietnamese lived in the lowland area.The people of
the savanna prefer a nomadic life，close to the wilderness，and they chose the rabbit as an animal that lived in
the wild fields.In contrast，the lowland people of Vietnam consider rabbits as animals that are used for food and
chose the cat because they believe cats are friends living in their house.
This year，many Vietnamese are buying new cat﹣themed cases for their mobile phones.And one of the
top Google searches in Vietnam is "why there is no cat in the Chinese zodiac".
（1）What does the underlined phrase "covered for" in paragraph 1 refer to？A．took charge of.
B．fought for.
C．took the place of.
D．depended on.
（2）What can we learn from the Vietnamese zodiac story？
A．The Jade Emperor showed favor to the cat.
B．The rabbit fell into the river in the zodiac race.
C．The cat finished fourth by swimming across the river.
D．The rat and the rabbit were enemies in ancient times.
（3）According to Quyen Di，what made the Vietnamese choose the cat？
A．Their living environment.
B．Their language pronunciation.
C．Their lifestyle of raising cats as pets .
D．Their custom of hunting rabbits for food.
（4）Which can be a suitable title for the text？
A．The History of the Chinese Zodiac
B．Ways of Celebrating the Year of the Rabbit.
C．The Popularity of Chinese Traditional Culture
D．The Origin of the Year of the Cat in Vietnam
passage 11
One of the most famous literary challenges in history was when Dr.Seuss received a challenge from his
publisher that he could only use 50 words to write an entire book.That's all well and good，but it's a tough
challenge，to be sure.
However，Ernest Vincent Wright would no doubt turn up his nose，as he challenged himself to pen an
entire 50，000﹣word novel without once using the letter "e".
Wright managed to pull it off.The final product was Gadsby，which is about a man named，well，
Gadsby，who tries to save his city with the help of a youth group.It took Wright nearly six months to complete
the work，and in his introduction pages he mentioned the challenges along the way.
One of the biggest challenges was replacing pronouns，since it' s tough to write a sentence，let alone anovel，without words like "he" or "she" or "her" and so forth.Additionally，he was forced to find ways to work
around using past tense words that typically end in "﹣ed"，which，as you might imagine，is more than a little
tricky.
Still，Wright did manage to come up with 50，110 words and a full story without any cheats，making it
one of the most successful lipograms （避讳某字之文） in the history of writing.Wright self﹣published the
book in 1939 and it was read primarily by people who tried to find any cheats，so convinced were they that
Wright simply must have used the letter.
The entire novel is available online to read for free，as domain in 1968.It's a good thing，too，as the
storehouse that contained the majority of the copies burned down，destroying enough of the books that it has
since become a rare book collector's prize，with copies being valued at thousands of dollars.
At the end of the day，of course，it remains a truly great achievement.After all， "e" is the most
commonly used letter in English，with more than 11 percent of all words in the Oxford dictionary containing at
least one "e".
（1）What did Wright challenge himself to write？
A.An entire book.with 50 words.
B.A 50，000﹣word book in six months.
C.An entire book including "e" 50，000 times.
D.A 50，000﹣word book without the letter "e".
（2）What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about？
A.The difficulties Wright faced.
B.The plot of Wright's final product.
C.The popularity of Wright' s final product.
D.The smart ways Wright used to replace pronouns.
（3）What can we infer about the readers of Gadsby？
A.They considered the book a great success.
B.They doubted if Wright really made it.
C.They wondered what lipograms mean.
D.They expected the book to be available online.
（4）Why do Wright' s book copies become valuable？
A.Due to their rarity.B.Because Wright won a big prize.
C.Because they had a really long history.
D.Due to book collectors' recommendation.
passage 12
Not every architectural landmark is grand in scale，with splendid decorations，or amazing colors.Suzhou
Gardens may just be the opposite.
When a group of monks during the Yuan Dynasty （1271﹣1368）first constructed Lion Grove Garden，
they may have just wanted to enjoy a quiet place，hidden away from urban noise，while in the following
centuries，this charming garden ﹣ most notable for its waterside rockeries resembling the shape of lions—has
attracted a constant stream of celebrity guests，who have left a long list of poems，paintings and historical
anecdotes （轶事）.
In recent years，nine of the best﹣known classical gardens of Suzhou，including Lion Grove Garden，
Humble Administrator's Garden and Great Wave Pavilion，were registered into the World Heritage List.As
UNESCO remarks， "Classical Chinese garden design，which seeks to recreate natural landscapes in
miniature （缩略图），is nowhere better illustrated than in the nine gardens，which reflect the profound
natural beauty in Chinese culture and inspire people to pursue harmony with the world."
Nowadays，relevant administrations have been trying to restore the historical landscapes of Suzhou's
classical gardens.Consequently，last year，a new project was launched allowing tourists in small groups to
reserve places to enter the garden in the early morning before the regular opening time.Their visit ended with
them completing the last step in making a traditional folding fan，adding a poem about the garden on its
surface.The experience was also regarded as a way to help people understand the wisdom，elegance and
philosophical worldview of the ancient Chinese literati （文人）.
The delicate beauty of the gardens still flows via the canals that snake across Suzhou.Hardly felt，their
strength in shaping the city's character seems to last forever.
（1）What's the purpose of building the Lion Grove Garden？
A.To share historical anecdotes.
B.To attract celebrity guests.
C.To enjoy the beautiful scenery.D.To stay far from the madding crowd.
（2）What do Suzhou Gardens show？
A.Splendid decorations.
B.Grand beauty.
C.Human﹣nature harmony.
D.Amazing colors.
（3）What can we know about the project from Paragraph 4？
A.It featured traditional Chinese elements.
B.Small groups without reservation were welcome.
C.Its main aim was to help people approach poems.
D.It was launched when the gardens were open to the public.
（4）What can be the best title for the text？
A.Suzhou Gardens，a place of national pride
B.Suzhou Gardens，a place with natural beauty
C.Suzhou Gardens，a place that shows the decorations and colors
D.Suzhou Gardens，a place that reflects the philosophy and culture
passage 13
To really know a country，you need to understand its culture and history.
That was why journalist and media expert Zhang Ciyun began his work on a six﹣volume（册）exploration of
ancient Chinese wisdom as reflected in myths，classics works，idioms，paintings，historical figures and
architecture.
The English﹣language edition of the book series was unveiled at last week's Shanghai Book Fair.The series
caters for an increasing number of foreign readers who are deeply interested in traditional Chinese culture.
"The idea of the book series came to me nearly three decades ago，when I discovered how little foreigners
knew about Chinese culture"，Zhang said. "Oh，they knew about kung fu movies，the Great Wall and the
terracotta warriors，and had vague impressions of Chinese emperors.But they wanted to know more about
Chinese culture."
Zhang，a founder and former editor﹣in﹣chief of the English﹣language Shanghai Daily，is fluent in
English.He draws on that skill to tell the stories of ancient China in the everyday language and experiences ofnative English speakers.
Zhang said ancient culture has had a far﹣reaching impact on the behavior and thinking of contemporary
Chinese，and gives foreign readers insight into modern﹣day China.
He recalled a Shanghai Daily survey of readers that showed foreigners had great curiosity about Chinese
culture.But at that time，books that might help them explore deeper into that culture were pieces scattered（散
布）over different publications.There were no books in English providing easy access to Chinese history and
culture.
"As a journalist working for an English﹣language newspaper，I really wanted to do something to meet
that need，" he said. "I decided to use my writing skills to tell ancient stories about Chinese culture，especially
its traditional aspects."
He began his project in about 1993，beginning with a series of articles explaining the stories behind
Chinese idioms.His first works were compiled into one book，which received positive feedback and was later
translated into German and other foreign languages.
（1）What can we learn about Zhang Ciyun's books？
A．They involve various Chinese culture forms.
B．They have been translated into German.
C．They were not well received at first.
D．They were accomplished in 1993.
（2）Why did Zhang write the book series？
A．To record ancient Chinese wisdom.
B．To spread Chinese culture.
C．To pursue fame and interests.
D．To promote Shanghai Daily.
（3）What can be inferred about foreigners' learning Chinese culture in the past？
A．No English books about Chinese ancient culture were available.
B．Foreigners showed little interest in learning about Chinese culture.
C．It was not convenient for foreigners to learn about Chinese culture.
D．English books on Chinese culture were published in large numbers.
（4）Which of the following best describes Zhang？
A．Famous and humorous.B．Creative and responsible.
C．Ambitious but unlucky.
D．Wise but conservative.
passage 14
Time and time again，I hear someone ask why anyone would want to keep an "ugly" building or a building
that is dirty and clearly in need of work.I think you could say we preservationists （文物保护者） look at
buildings through a different angle ﹣﹣ an angle that can see the swan in the ugly duck，the story in the simple
lines，the book behind the cover.
Take the Queen Emma Building for example.While people may remember that building being named as one
of the ugliest buildings in town，the angle from which a preservationist will view the building is that it is
uniquely constructed with an artistical brise﹣soleil （遮阳板） to block the sun.The designer used standard
concrete bricks to form a decorative wall.Unfortunately，the brise﹣soleil was removed in 2011，making the
building look like many of the contemporary buildings in town.
Sometimes people remember a beautiful site that was replaced by a "horrid" piece of architecture and can't get
over their anger，even when that building becomes an important part of our story.This is particularly true in San
Francisco where many preservationists themselves dislike anything newer than the Victorian era.Yes，it was a
tragedy that many failed to appreciate the Victorian buildings and let many get torn down several decades ago，
but those losses also tell another important story.It tells the story of the 1950s and 1960s when there was hope
for a more equal society with inexpensive housing for the working class.Should that history be wiped from our
memories？
Preservation is not just about keeping pretty，well﹣kept buildings，but about conveying parts of our
history ﹣﹣not just the history of huge events，but the story of how everyone used to go to a certain corner
market.Our history cannot be told only in buildings that meet someone's criteria of beauty；sometimes our
history is painful，but no less important.
（1）How do preservationists see buildings？
A.They focus on their value rather than appearance.
B.They pay great attention to ancient buildings.
C.They are devoted to repairing famous buildings.D.They prefer ugly buildings to beautiful ones.
（2）What does the author think of removing the brise﹣soleil of the Queen Emma Building？
A.It' s confusing.
B.It's pleasing.
C.It' s regrettable.
D.It's unbelievable.
（3）Why were many Victorian buildings in San Francisco torn down？
A.To wipe the history of the Victorian era.
B.To make land available for cheap housing.
C.To work off the deep anger of the working class.
D.To restore the architecture before the Victorian era.
（4）What is the author's intention of writing this passage？
A.To introduce some buildings with historical value.
B.To explain the reason why architects make ugly buildings.
C.To praise the work of preservationists.
D.To stress the importance of preserving ugly buildings.
（5）Where does the text probably come from？
A.A culture paper.
B.A science book.
C.An environment report.
D.A travel magazine.
passage 15
Our guided tours here at Shakespeare's Globe are an experience 400 years in the making.
Heaven to hell tour
Our unique heaven to hell tour experience offers Globe members the opportunity to discover the backstage
world of Shakespeare's Globe.
Join us in the heavenly attic （阁楼） towering above the theater before going down into the depths of
"hell" underneath the stage to discover the secrets behind how our productions are staged.You'll have the
opportunity to visit our backstage stores and see props and costumes from the famous Globe productions before
experiencing the thrill our actors feel when they step out onto the stage.Twilight walking tour
Be transported back to a time of late﹣night cakes and ales （麦芽酒），midnight revels （狂欢） and
demons，and the "Kingdom of Night" on our Twilight walking tour around the Bankside area and beyond.
Imagine city life without streetlights and visit the locations of Shakespeare's own night﹣time adventures
across the River Thames on the Northbank，including the original site of his candlelit Blackfriars playhouse.
Festive family tour
Celebrate the holiday season on a festive family tour of the magical Globe Theatre.Hear how Christmas was
observed in Shakespeare's time and the folk traditions that people practiced to welcome in winter.
This family﹣friendly guided tour will fascinate and warm even in the coldest of weather.But do still wrap up
well﹣ don't forget our playhouse is outdoor!
Globe Theatre guided tour
Our world﹣famous Globe Theatre is a faithful reconstruction of the open﹣air playhouse in which
Shakespeare worked，and for which he wrote many of his most famous plays!
Our expert guide﹣storytellers will provide your group with a fascinating tour of the Globe Theatre
auditorium （礼堂），colorful stories of the 1599 Globe Theatre，the reconstruction process in the 1990s.
Our guides will also bring the theater to life，exploring how the theater works today as an imaginative and
experimental space for performance.
（1）Which is an ideal tour for people who are fond of backstage stories of Shakespeare's Globe？
A．Heaven to hell tour.
B．Twilight walking tour.
C．Festive family tour.
D．Globe Theatre guided tour.
（2）Where does the twilight walking tour take place？
A．On the River Thames.
B．Around Bankside area and beyond.
C．In Shakespeare hotel.
D．At Shakespeare's Globe.
（3）What can people do if they take part in the festive family tour？
A．Go for a walk along the river.
B．Watch some plays on Christmas.C．Explore how the theater works during the Christmas season.
D．Learn something about Christmas in Shakespeare's time.
（4）What is special about the Globe Theatre guided tour？
A．It shows what inspired Shakespeare to write his plays.
B．It is only available to Globe members.
C．Visitors can enjoy imaginative performance.
D．Visitors can hear the stories of the 1599 theatre.
（5）What is not mentioned in the passage？
A．Today's Globe Theatre is a reconstructed work of the open﹣air playhouse.
B．The experience will also bring the theater to life.
C．You'll have the opportunity to visit our stage stores and see our customers.
D．The experience will help us hear how Christmas was observed in Shakespeare's time.
passage 16
French writer Annie Ernaux won the 2022 Nobel Prize in literature on Oct 6.She is the first French female
to win the prize.In the words of the Nobel committee，Ernaux was given the award "for the courage and
amazing insight" of her writing.
Having spent over five decades as a writer，the 82﹣year﹣old winner has published more than 20 books
to her name，including Cleaned Out （1974），Shame （1997）and A Girl's Story（2016）.
Rather than consider herself a writer of fiction，Ernaux has used the term "an ethnologist（民族 学家）
of herself" to describe herself.
Born in 1940 in a rural village in Normandy，France，Ernaux grew up in a working﹣class environment
as her parents ran a combined grocery store and cafe.She worked as a teacher before becoming a full﹣time
writer.Her "upbringing and experiences navigating adolescence and adulthood" inspire many of her works.For
example，the book Shame explores the theme of childhood trauma （创伤） while A Girl's Story follows a
young woman's coming of age in the 1950s.
Though the matters Ernaux describes in her books are serious and even sometimes heavy，they are always
written in plain language.Ernaux described her style as "flat writing" through which she aims to tell her stories
objectively， "unshaped by florid（过多修饰的）description or overwhelming emotions， " noted Fox
News."She writes about things that no one else writes about，for instance her jealousy，her experiences as an
abandoned lover and so forth.I mean，really hard experiences， " Anders Olsson，chairman of the Nobel
Committee for Literature，said after the award announcement in Stockholm.He added， "She gives words for
these experiences that are very simple and striking.They are short books，but they are really moving. "
（1）What can we learn about Annie Ernaux from the text？
A.She was awarded for the bravery and observations shown in her writing.
B.The Nobel committee described her as "an ethnologist of herself".
C.She is the first French person to win the Nobel Prize.
D.She started working as a full﹣time writer in 1974.
（2）Where did she get inspiration for her works？
A.Her students' lives.
B.Her personal experiences.
C.The stories of guests to her cafe.
D.The history of her hometown.
（3）Which of the following best describes Ernaux's writing style？
A.Plain and relaxing.
B.Descriptive and serious.
C.Objective and easy to understand.
D.Emotional and touching.
（4）Why is Annie Ernaux different from other writers，according to Anders Olsson？
A.She suffered a lot of hardships.
B.Her works are short and moving.
C.Her works are about unexplored subjects.
D.She shares painful feelings through her writing.
passage 17
Architecture（建筑）firm Bua Studio recently turned a used barn（谷仓） in Iceland into an artist's studio
and home.Titled Hloduberg Artist's Studio.the project includes work spaces on the lower level and the living area
above.The architects carefully worked with the barn's original structure（结构）o protect the walls and make good
use of the other parts.The completed project looks interesting with a range of materials.On the lower level，the old walls of the
barn contrast with the light wood structure within.Above，cold﹣rolled steel structure protects the second level
from the strong winds.This part of the new addition is finished with an enabled roof，adding more interest to
the interior（内部）。
Within the existing barn the architects fit a kitchen and dining area.Also on the first level is a double﹣height
artist's studio after which the project is named.The rest of the original structure o the bam now acts as a garden
wall in the courtyard.
The architects didn't want to create big changes even to the areas of the barn that were safe enough for further
construction.Small openings were made to prevent the influence on the structure.Still，shots of the interior
show a beautiful light space，partially lit with openings coming from the second level in the double height
studio.
"We added two big openings because we needed to let more light into the kitchen and an entrance to the
studio to get in large at works." say the architects.
The interior of the building is made up of a much lighter color palette with white wood board on the walls and
floor and other cool colors.Much of the furniture and larger design were inspired by local design of the area in
Iceland.
（1）What does paragraph 2 mainly tell us about the barn？
A．The materials used for the barn.
B．The equipment in the barn.
C．The changes made to the interior of the barn.
D．The atmosphere in the barn.
（2）Why did the architects make small openings？
A．To keep the bam safe.
B．To make the studio more enjoyable.
C．To add a decoration to the studio.
D．To let in as much light as possible.
（3）What can we know about the interior of the building？
A．It is equipped with expensive furniture.
B．It features local design.C．It follows a simple style.
D．It is friendly to the environment.
（4）What is the best title for the text？
A．Architects build a new studio on the farm.
B．Architects enjoy building their studios in the bam.
C．Architects try to make good use of old buildings.
D．Architects turn an old barn into a beautiful studio.
passage 18
You might think of martial arts movies when you see people performing graceful moves down the river，
all standing on a bamboo strip，but actually it is a form of intangible cultural heritage：bamboo drifting.
Over 2，000 years ago，the high﹣quality wood，nanmu，in Guizhou was in great demand by the royal
court more than 2，000 kilometers to the north.With no better transportation，people had to stand on one log to
drift down the river.Later，local people began to compete along the way and the game of wood drifting was
born.In the Qing Dynasty，wood drifting became bamboo drifting because of bamboo's lower price.Due to the
skills it takes for one to master this act，bamboo drifting was included in the national intangible cultural
heritage list this year.
Yang Liu，a 24﹣year﹣old inheritor of bamboo drifting，learned it at 7. "Usually，the bamboo under
your feet is about 9 meters long，and the bamboo in your hands is about 5 meters.If the length or diameter of
the bamboo is not long enough，it will not float.Keeping our feet firmly positioned on the narrow bamboo pole
is the key，so we should fight against the current by constantly changing the angle.I lost my balance and fell in
the water many times while practicing.Once I fell，I gave it another try until I knew how to handle the most
difficult part." she said.
The love for the ancient skill keeps Yang going.In the past 17 years，she has drifted all year round，in
winter cold and summer heat.As hanfu culture has been on the rise ，Yang started wearing hanfu while
performing，creating a more beautiful feel.In 2020，Yang began to post her videos on social media. "I'm
extremely proud to get responses from viewers that bamboo drifting makes the line between what is possible
and impossible unclear.It's my mission to keep it alive and known to more people，" Yang Liu told China Daily.
（1）What can be learned from the first two paragraphs？A.The martial arts movie is a form of cultural heritage.
B.Nanmu was delivered to the north by land.
C.Bamboo was costly in Guizhou 2，000 years ago.
D.Bamboo drifting involves lots of skills.
（2）What is the biggest challenge in bamboo drifting？
A.Finding the proper bamboo.
B.Holding the bamboo firmly in hands.
C.Maintaining a fixed angle.
D.Keeping balance.
（3）What do the viewers think of bamboo drifting？
A.Unbelievable.
B.Impossible.
C.Confusing.
D.Complicated.
（4）Which of the following is a suitable title for the text？
A.Transporting Bamboo down the River.
B.Intangible Cultural Heritage in Guizhou.
C.Balancing with Grace.
D.Yang Liu：a Creative Performer.
passage 19
Many linguists （语言学家） predicted in the 1960s that accents would disappear in America.As
Americans moved across the country，they said English would become standardized，meaning that it would be
spoken the same way everywhere.But sociolinguist William Labov of the University of Pennsylvania says，
while some accents in America are disappearing，others are growing stronger.
One of these regional accents is Native American English，known as the "rez accent".It is spoken in many
Indigenous communities in the United States and Canada.The word "rez" is shortened from the word
"reservation".Reservations are areas of land in the United States and Canada that are kept separate for Native
Americans or Indigenous people to live in.
Kalina Newmark is from the Sahtu Region in Canada's Northwest Territories.Her ancestors were called theDene people，but she does not speak her tribe's language of Slavey. "My mom can understand and speak it，
but she didn't pass it on to us.She learned it from her great﹣grandmother.My grandmother chose not to pass
along the language because she wanted to make it easier for her children when they went to school，" Newmark
said.Newmark went to Dartmouth College in the U.S.state of New Hampshire.The school is known for its
Indigenous student population.There ， she met other Indigenous students from all over North
America.Newmark noticed something very interesting about everyone's pronunciation.The English they spoke
shared some similar qualities，although they came from different language backgrounds.These especially could
be heard during times of socializing.The accent was even present for students who had not learned their
ancestral language.Indigenous communities speak different English dialects，but these ways of speaking shared
prosody （韵律学） patterns.
The rez accent possibly came from different Native tribes interacting in the 1880s when Indigenous peoples
were placed on reservations.The Native American and First Nations children were forced into school and had to
speak English.The rez accent also might have had its beginning in the 1950s and 1960s when the US
government closed some reservations and sent Native American into cities.The children were forced to speak
English and interact with each other. "They were all learning English together，" said Newmark， "and
making an English of their own."
（1）What can we infer from Kalina Newmark's experience？
A．She learnt her tribe's language from her mother.
B．Her ancestors spoke English with rez accent.
C．Native American students account for a considerable percentage in her school.
D．Indigenous students speak English in exactly the same way in the school.
（2）Which statement is TRUE about the "rez accent"？
A．It is a shared pattern of speaking English among the Indigenous population.
B．It originated from the Native Americans' ancestral languages.
C．Us government is worried about the tendency of speaking English with rez accent.
D．The reason for the continuing growth of rez accent has been confirmed.
（3）How does the author introduce the topic of the text？
A．By making a comparison.
B．By analyzing a reason.C．By giving an example.
D．By having an argument.
（4）What is the main idea of the text？
A．Accents of American English are disappearing.
B．Native Americans speak English with a similar accent.
C．Indigenous people obtain rez accent from their ancestors.
D．The majority of Americans don't speak standardized English.
passage 20
Mention sand art and the image that comes to mind is that of an intricately（杂乱的） carved sculpture or
design sketched on a beach surface.Though impressive，they are transient（短暂的） masterpieces that
disappear with the first large wave or splash of rain.However ，24﹣year﹣old Tim Bengel's sand art is
permanent.That's because the German artist uses the grit（粗砂） to "paint" his masterpieces on canvas.While
the final product is certainly beautiful，what is even more so is the way it is created.
Bengel begins by covering a blank canvas with a special adhesive（黏合剂） that dries extremely
slowly，giving the artist enough time to draw the desired image.He then begins "painting" with grains of black
sand and in some cases，gold foil.It takes the young man anywhere from 200 to 300 hours to complete each
work of art.
What is most intriguing about Bengel's process is that only the artist knows what the final image will be.To
the rest of the world，the canvas appears to be a mess of black sand.It is only when Bengel sprinkles white sand
over the canvas and then dramatically sweeps off all the excess grit that the masterpiece is revealed!
The talented artist，who is currently studying art at the University of Tubingen，says his interest in the
subject began after he visited the Staatsgalerie Stuttgart Art Museum as a child.Bengel was so inspired that he
came home and began trying to reproduce the paintings he had seen at the museum.After winning an art
competition at this school at the age of 18，Bengel knew that it was the career he wanted to pursue.But the
young man also realized that to be successful，he would have to develop his own unique style.
（1）From the first paragraph we can see that .
A.sand art only last for a short time.
B.Bengel's works are intricately carved sculptures.C.Bengel's works stretch on the beach.
D.the creation of sand art is more beautiful.
（2）What can we infer from the second paragraph？
A.The artist creates his work on the beach.
B.It takes the artist a long time to finish each work of art.
C.This kind of art work is very easy to create.
D.The artist has to work quickly because of the adhesive.
（3）Bengel became interested in art .
A.when he became a university student.
B.after he went to an art museum.
C.after he saw some sand sculptures.
D.when he was at the age of 18.
（4）What did Bengel realize he had to do if he wanted to be successful？
A.He must visit museums often.
B.He must reproduce the paintings.
C .He must have his own unique style.
D.He must win art competitions.
