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专八翻译文学类、文化负载词译词 100 组
1. 一碗水端平 giveeven-handedtreatment
字面意思是“hold a bowl ofwater level”,意思是处理事情公正,不偏袒任
何一方(be fair and just in handling matters),可以翻译为”give even-handed
treatment”。
Forexample
有几家广播公司因在竞选期间未能对所有政党一碗水端平而受到批评。
Several broadcasters have been criticized for failing to give even-handed treatment to
all theparties during theelection campaign.
他对待员工绝对是一碗水端平。
Hewas very even-handed intheway hetreated his employees.
2. 太阳打西边出来 when pigsfly
太阳从东边升起,西边落下(the sun rises in the east and sets in the west),
这是众所周知的科学真理(scientifictruth)。“太阳打西边出来”比喻一件事情
发生的可能性几乎为零(something seldom seenor hardly possible),可以翻译为
“when pigs fly”。也可以用“太阳打西边出来了”表达说话者的惊讶。
Forexample
你觉得我能考进哈佛吗?
Do you thinkI couldget into Harvard?
除非太阳打西边出来。
When pigs fly!
3. 说曹操,曹操到 Speak ofthedevil, andheappears
正在谈论某人的时候,他/她恰好就出现了,真是“说曹操,曹操到”。在
英文中,也有一个很地道的表达来谈论同样的情况,“talk of the devil”。有些
时候人们用“speak ofthedevil”来表达相同的意思。《简明英汉词典》则给出了
更为全面的解释:“Speak ofthe devil, and heappears”。
微信公众号:漫学英语。原创整理。Forexample
说曹操,曹操到,老约翰逊来了。
Well,talk ofthe devil, here isold Johnson.
说曹操,曹操到!那些女孩正说你呢。
Speak ofthe devil!Someofthegirls were justtalking about you.
4.雷声大,雨点小 much cry andlittle wool
字面意思是“loudthunder but smallraindrops”,比喻言语上夸大其词,但是
却无实际作为(muchsaid but littledone)。与英文俗语“much cry and little wool”
意思相近。
Forexample
形式主义的特点是走过场,雷声大,雨点小。
What characterizes formalism is that it goes through the formality with much cry and
littlewool.
5. 三句话不离本行 talk shopall thetime
字面意思是“never to say three sentences without talking about one’s own
work”,指人的言语离不开他所从事的职业范围,言谈都与自己的职业相关。“talk
shop all thetime”。“talk shop”是英文惯用语,表示“to talk about your job when
notat work”。
Forexample
下班后,我很少与我的搭挡去喝酒,因为他老是三句话不离本行。
I don't usually go for a drink with my partner after work because he can hardly open
hismouth withouttalkingshop.
那位商人三句话不离本行。
That businessman never opens hismouth withouttalking shop.
微信公众号:漫学英语。原创整理。6. 机不可失,时不再来 Opportunity knocksbutonce
指“时机难得,必须抓紧,不可错过”,可以翻译为“Such an opportunity, once
missed,will beforever gone”。还可以用“opportunity knocks but once”.
Forexample
机不可失,时不再来。哥们儿,如果你不去做,你会后悔的。
“Opportunity knocks but once, dude. You'll always regret it ifyou don't go for it.”
机不可失,时不再来,这可能是你获得良好教育的唯一机会。
Opportunity knocks but once, and this may be your only chance to get a good
education.
7. 物以类聚,人以群分 birdsof afeatherflocktogether
比喻同类的东西常聚在一起,合得来的人相聚成群,是朋友之间志同道合的
统称,可分开使用。与英文习语“birds ofafeather flock together”意思相近。
Forexample
乔治:你为什么认为唐纳德靠不住? 微信公众号:漫学英语。原创整理。
George: Whydoyou think Donald is dishonest?
内德:他的朋友都靠不住。物以类聚,人以群分。
Ned: All his friends are dishonest. Birds ofafeather flock together.
我一直认为艾米很狂,而现在她和那个势利的男孩路易斯在约会。真是物以类聚。
I always thought Amy was pretentious, and now she's going out with that snobbish
boy, Louis.Birds ofa feather flock together.
8. 一竿子打翻一船人 tarsomebody/something with thesame brush
意思是因为对某人或某物不满意,就否定和他们类似的人或物。与英文俗语
“tarsomebody/something with thesamebrush”意思相近。
Forexample
我哥们儿觉得我不应该和琼约会,因为她离过婚。他交往过离婚女人,觉得她们
的人生态度都很消极。不过,我不会一竿子打翻一船人,这不公平。My buddy
thinks that I shouldn't ask Joan out because she's divorced and he'd dated divorcees
who seemed desperate. But I'm not going totar her withthe samebrush. It isn't fair.9. 酒肉朋友 fair-weather friend
字面意思是“friends only for wining and dining together”,比喻只可一起享
乐而不干正经事的朋友,或可共安乐而不能共患难的朋友,与英文“fair-weather
friend”意思相同。
Forexample
忠实的朋友是那些会支持你的人,而酒肉朋友却会对你不理不睬。
True friends are those who will stand by you, whereas fair-weather friends will ignore
you.
10. 虎父无犬子 theappledoesn'tfallfarfrom thetree
字面意思是“a tiger father willnot beget adogson”,比喻出色的父母生出的孩
子也会很优秀,常用于夸奖别人的子辈。可以翻译为“there will be no laggard
among thechildren ofa brave ortalented man”。
Forexample
小吉姆和他爸爸一样勇敢,真是虎父无犬子。
Young Jim is turning out to be as brave as his dad — A wise goose never lays a tame
egg.
11. 敲门砖 asteppingstone
字面意思指“拣来敲门、门开后即被丢弃的砖头(brick picked upto knock on
thedoorand thrown away when it has served its purpose)”。常用来比喻世人借以
猎取功名的工具(thingused as ameans forfame and position),一达目的,即可
抛弃。
Forexample
有些人常把读书当成“敲门砖”,一旦功名到手,书籍也就被束之高阁了。
Somepeople take attending toschool only asastepping stoneto status; once they
succeed, all thebooks will beshelved.
微信公众号:漫学英语。原创整理。12. 眼中钉 thethorn in theflesh
字面意思是“asting inthe eye”,用来比喻心中最看不惯或恨之入骨的人。
“某人的眼中钉”指一个人或一件事像“眼中的钉子”一样不断地惹恼你或使你
痛苦(aperson orthing that repeatedly annoys you orcauses you pain)。
Forexample
除去眼中钉Removethethorn in theflesh
该党是他所在联盟的眼中钉、肉中刺。
TheParty was athorn in theflesh ofhis coalition.
13. 接地气 down-to-earth
指一个人的性格态度或行为方式亲善大众,与最广大的人民群众打成一片。
常用这个词形容名人名士作风亲民,或事物反映广大民众的愿望、诉求、利益,
可以翻译为“down-to-earth”。
Forexample
弗兰是一个非常友好且接地气的人。
Fran's a very friendly, down-to-earth person.
一位烹饪方法很接地气的大厨
Achef with avery down-to-earth approach to cooking.
14. 一本正经 bepoker-faced
原指一部合乎道德规范的经典。后用以形容态度庄重严肃,郑重其事。有时含讽
刺意味。可以翻译为“bepoker-faced,solemn, take something seriously”等。
Forexample
他是个一本正经、寡言少语的人。
Hewas aserious, silentman.
她一本正经地说:“你不该讲那样的话。”
"You'renot supposedto say that,"she said primly.
微信公众号:漫学英语。原创整理。15. 迫在眉睫 extremely urgent,imminent
意思是事情十分紧急,已到眼前。可以翻译为“extremely urgent,imminent”
等。
Forexample
危机迫在眉睫。
There was a crisis looming.
他不相信战争已迫在眉睫。
Hehad doubt about theimminenceofwar.
16. 如火如荼 in fullswing
形容大规模的行动气势旺盛,气氛热烈。可以翻译为“in full swing,proceeding
withfull vigor”等。
Forexample
国际橄榄球赛季正如火如荼地进行着。
Theinternational rugby season is in full swing.
世界杯正如火如荼地进行着,所有球队都已经踢完他们的首场比赛。
TheWorld Cupis in full swing as all teams have played theiropening matches。
17. 顺水推舟 pushtheboatwith the current
意思是顺着水流的方向推船(push theboat along with thecurrent),比喻顺
着某个趋势或某种方式说话办事。可以翻译为“makeuse ofan opportunity to
achieve one's end”
Forexample
既然他们坚持要去,干脆我们就顺水推舟,让他们一同去吧。
Sincethey insistongoing, we'llsimply pushtheboat withthe current andlet them
go withus.
微信公众号:漫学英语。原创整理。18. 含苞待放 in bud
形容花朵将要开放时的形态。也比喻将成年的少女。可以翻译为“inbud,
ready to burst,inearly puberty”。
Forexample
玫瑰花正含苞待放。
Theroses are in bud.
19. 真人不露相 goodlenses, bad frames
直译为“好镜片,赖镜框”通常用来描述那些给人第一印象不太好,但实际
上人品很好的人;或者看起来没什么本事,但其实工作能力很强的人。所以,可
以译为“人不可貌相”或者“真人不露相”。
Forexample
Dr. Bruce is aspaz,but he’s one ofthebest doctors I know.You wouldn't knowit by
lookingat him...good lenses, bad frames.
布鲁斯医生是个怪人,不过他是我认识的医生中最好的一位。看他的样子你是看
不出来的,他是真人不露相。
20. 交交心 tete-a-tete
是口语化的说法,“促膝谈心”是书面的说法,那么英语是怎么说的?可以
用这个词:tete-a-tete。这个词用作名词是“两人之间的私下交谈、面谈”的意思,
用作副词是“面对面”的意思。这个词来自法语,法语的写法是tête-à-tête。
Forexample
Sheleaned forward and confided tete-a-tetethat she'd been seeing someonenew.
她身体向前一倾,面对面坦白说,她最近在跟人约会。
Let's get together and have atete-a-tete.
我们聚一下,谈谈心吧。
微信公众号:漫学英语。原创整理。21. 找回童真 down aging,childhoodwonders
指回到我们曾经欢笑和玩耍的那个单纯年代。如今的中年人们想要永远保持
年轻,我们都很怀念自己从前的样子。
22. 马后炮 asecond-guesser/bewise afterthe event
本是一个象棋术语,意思是在“马”后面加一颗“炮”,将对方的军(check,
putthe otherplayer's king underdirect attack)。比喻事后采取措施,无济于事;或
事情发生后才提出批评或建议,表示自己有先见之明的人, 也称“事后诸葛亮
(second guesser, be wiseafter theevent)”。
Forexample
考试都完了,你才说帮我复习功课,这岂不是马后炮吗?You come and offer to
help with mylessons only after the examination. Isn’t that abit too late?
他是个马后炮。Heis asecond-guesser.
事后诸葛亮人人都会做。It iseasy tobewise after theevent.
23. 狗咬吕洞宾 repay kindness withvice
常用来形容一个人“缺乏识别能力,不分好歹(cannot tell good from bad)”,
具有贬义。比喻一个人“以恶报善,不分好歹(repaykindness with vice)”。
Forexample
A:我只是想帮他,他却以为我要陷害他。Ijust wanted to help him, but hethought
Iwas going to frame him.
B:真是狗咬吕洞宾,不识好人心。Heis reallyan ungrateful person.
24. 爱面子 bekeen on face-saving
死要面子活受罪,意思是为了维护“面子问题(issue concerning one’s
reputation)”,宁愿损害自己的利益。这里的“面子”可以理解为“face, prestige,
reputation”。爱面子(bekeen on face-saving)一定要注意给对方面子(give face
tosomebody),千万不要做伤对方面子(hurt somebody’s feeling)的事情。
Forexample他的行为让全家颜面尽失。
His conduct has brought thefamily intodisrepute.
贫穷并没有什么可丢面子的。
There’s nodisgrace inbeing poor.
25. 走后门 back-doordealings
字面意思是“enterbytheback door”,比喻不是通过正当途径,而是通过内
部关系谋取通融或利益(secure advantages through pullorinfluence),带有贬义。
Forexample
她找工作走后门。
Someoneis pullingstrings to get ajob forher.
这些年买名烟名酒用不着走后门了。
These years back-door dealings are not needed to buy cigarettes and wines of brand
names.
26. 留余地 leeway
比喻不把话说死或不把事办绝,留下进退回旋的地步(leave someleeway,
allow for some unforeseen circumstances)。常见用法为“留有足够余地(leave
adequateleeway)”。
Forexample
说话、办事时一定要给自己留余地。
Wemustleave some leeway when wetalk about or dosomething.
制订预算时要留余地。
Leave someleeway when preparing thebudget.
27. 心眼儿好 bekind-hearted; 心眼儿坏 beevil-minded;
没安好心眼儿 be up to no good;有心眼儿 have brains; 缺心眼儿 be
slow-witted; 死心眼儿 inflexible; 小心眼儿benarrow-minded;28. 敲竹杠 daylightrobbery
字面意思是“beat thebamboo stick”,用来比喻利用他人的弱点或错误敲诈
勒索(fleece,take advantage of somebody's being in a weak position to overcharge
him)。也可以指借机抬高价格,漫天要价(blatant overcharging)。
Forexample
他们大敲游客的竹杠。
They really soaked the tourists.
这简直是敲竹杠。
Thisis absolutely daylight robbery.
这笔生意听起来好像有点像敲竹杠,我不想做这笔买卖。
Thissale sounds likesharp practice to meandI want nothingto dowith it.
29. 门外汉 layman,lay person
比喻在某一学科或活动中没有受过训练或没有经验的人(aperson whois not
trained or experienced in aparticular subject oractivity),这类人也被称作“外行”,
英文可以翻译为“layman,lay person”。
Forexample
谈到法律, 我不过是门外汉。
Wherethelaw is concerned, I am only alayman.
很抱歉,这方面我可是门外汉。
Sorry, I'm alayman inthat area.
种庄稼他可不外行。
He's noamateur infarming.
30. 抬杠argue forthe sakeofarguing
比喻“做无谓地争辩、为了争论而争论(argue forthe sakeof arguing)”。
别在意,他是故意和你抬杠。
Forexample
You mustn’ttake offence. He is justtrying to pick a quarrel withyou.他们闲得无聊,又抬起杠来了。
They found nothingbetter to doand onceagain started arguing for thesake of
arguing.
31. 开小差 beabsent-minded
比喻“做事不专心,思想不集中”,英文可以翻译为“loseconcentration, be
absent-minded”。
Forexample
听课时开小差,成绩肯定好不了。
If you fail tofollowthe teacher’s lecture attentivelyinclass, you willcertainly not
improveyour performance ontests.
32. 两面派 double-dealer/two-faced person
一般指“表里不一、虚伪的,说一套做一套的人(a person who says onething
and does another)”,带有贬义,英文可翻译为“double-dealer”,或“two-faced
person”。“两面派”也可以作动词使用,常见表达如“耍两面派”,表示“play
adoublegame,play double-dealing”。
Forexample
我不信任她——我觉得她是个两面派。
Idon't trust her-I suspect she's a bittwo-faced.
两面派行为的暴露使婚姻破裂了、生活毁了。
Marriages were broken and livesruined bytherevelation ofdouble-dealing.
33. 挖墙脚 poach talents (from)
指“从竞争对手处挖取相关人才”,英文可以翻译为“poach talents(from)”,
有时也有“抢走他人的对象(steal one’s girlfriend/boyfriend)”的意思。
Forexample
你抽走了所有的资金,这是在挖我们公司的墙角。
You are hurting thefundamentals ofourcompany bywithdrawing all the funds.由于银行相互之间积极挖墙脚,薪酬水平迅速上升。
Salaries have risen fast, as banks become aggressiveabout poaching from each
other.
34. 白眼狼 ingrate
字面意思是“white-eyed wolf”,多用来形容忘恩负义、恩将仇报的人(aperson
who is not grateful),与英文单词“ingrate”意思相近。
Forexample
我再也不跟这样的白眼狼做朋友了。
Iwill never makefriends with such an ingrate again.
总统将他的副手们分为两派:忠诚的追随者和白眼狼们。
Thepresident seems to divideaides intotwo groups: thoseloyal to theirmasters, and
ingrates.
35. 下马威 prevail over theopponentfromthevery firstencounter
常用表达“给对手一个下马威”,英文可以翻译为“prevail overtheopponent
from thevery first encounter”,或“secure aleading positionover theopponent from
thevery beginning”。
Forexample
新经理一来就来了一个下马威,开除了几个懒散的员工。
As soon as thenew manager assumed office, heshowed hisruthlessness byfiring
several slackers.
教练一开始就给每个球员来了一个下马威。
Thecoachbegins byputting thefearof God in every ballplayer.
36. 和稀泥 mediate differences at thesacrificeofprinciple
字面意思是“mixthewater into themud”,实际指“无原则地调和折中(try
tomediate differences at thesacrifice of principle)”,常用来比喻“做事谁也不得
罪(give offence to noone)”,带有贬义。
微信公众号:漫学英语。原创整理。Forexample
这是原则问题,我们绝不可和稀泥。
Wecan’ttry and patch things upon amatter ofprinciple.
37. 势利眼 snobbishperson
一般指对上位者趋奉,对无权无势的人歧视,谄上欺下的人(aperson who
admires people in thehighersocial classes too much and has norespect for peoplein
thelower social classes),与英文单词snob 同义。势利小人表示“snobbish person”。
Forexample
她太势利,不与邻居交往。
Sheis toosnobbish tomix with her neighbors.
他是个十足的势利眼——如果你没上过名牌学校,他也许一句话都不跟你说。
He's a terriblesnob - ifyou haven't been to theright school heprobably won't even
speak to you.
38. 心头肉 theappleof somebody’s eye
英文可以翻译为“best lovedone,favorite”。与英文习语“theapple of
somebody's eye”意思相近。
Forexample
你是我的心头肉。
You are theapple ofmy eye.
她是妈妈的心头肉。
She’s thedearest heart ofher mother.
39. 乌鸦嘴 makeimproper remarks
字面翻译是“crow’s beak”,比喻嘴巴不吉利、说话不中听(mouth from which
inauspicious remarks are uttered)。中国人认为乌鸦的叫声会带给人厄运(crow's
cawing could bring peoplebad luck),因此常用“乌鸦嘴”来形容一个人讲话晦气,
好事说不灵,坏事一说就灵。
Forexample你这张乌鸦嘴!Whatimproper remarks you’vemade!
别乌鸦嘴!Don't say such shitty things!
40. 守口如瓶 keep one’s lips buttoned
意思是闭口不谈,像瓶口塞紧了一般(keep one's mouthshut as that of ajar)。
比喻说话谨慎,严守秘密,可以翻译为“seal one's lips”,或“ betight-mouthed”。
他对她的身份守口如瓶。
Forexample
Heclosely guarded her identity.
无论出什么事,他都会守口如瓶。
No matterwhat happened, hewould not say a word.
约翰有意说出来,但玛丽要他守口如瓶。
John wanted to talk, but Mary toldhim tokeep his lipsbuttoned.
41.吃霸王餐 dineanddash
本意是指去餐厅点单吃饭却不付钱的一种行为,可以翻译为“dineand dash”,
表示“order and consume food from arestaurant orsimilarestablishment with the
intentnot topay”。
Forexample
任何人都不应该吃霸王餐。
Nobody should ever dineand dash.
鲍勃经理对不起,我负责的16号桌吃了霸王餐。
Excusememanager Bob, Ijust had adineand dashontable16.
42.划水slack (off)
本意是指用胳膊划的动作,延伸为“偷懒、怠工(work less hard than you
usually do orshould do)”,可以用“slack”表示。
Forexample
那个女团成员舞蹈动作都忘了,明显是在划水。That band member forgot all her
dance moves. Sheis definitely slacking.如果有人上班划水,比尔就会严厉地加以斥责。
If someone slacks off, Bill comes down hard.
43. 大材小用 wasteatalent ontrivial job
把大的材料用于小的用处(put finetimberto petty use),比喻人才使用不当,
浪费人才,可以翻译为“make littleuseof agreat talent,wastea talent ontrivial job,
putsomething big to smalluse”。
Forexample
让你当打字员是大材小用。
Thejobofa typist is unworthy ofyour talents.
很多人觉得自己在工作上被迫大材小用。
Manyfind themselves having totake jobs farbeneath them.
44. 抛砖引玉 to setthe ball rolling/to start further discussion
字面意思是“throw away a brick in order to get a gem”,用来比喻用自己不
成熟的意见引出别人更好的意见(offer a few commonplace remarks by way of
introduction inthe hopethat others may comeupwith valuableopinions),是一种表
示自谦的说法(apoliteexpression)。
Forexample
我来说几句,算是抛砖引玉吧。
Let mesaya few words, just to setthe ballrolling.
这篇文章旨在抛砖引玉,引起大家对该问题的进一步讨论。
Thisarticle intends to start further discussion onthis issue.
45. 三天打鱼,两天晒网 workby fits andstarts
字面意思是“go fishingfor three days and dry thenets for two”,比喻做事情
“没有恒心,经常中断,不能长期坚持(lack perseverance)”,可以翻译为“work
by fitsand starts”。
微信公众号:漫学英语。原创整理。Forexample
他三天打鱼,两天晒网,怎么能把学习搞好?
Playing truant from timetotime, howcan he learn well?
安做事三天打鱼,两天晒网,缺乏努力坚持的精神。
Ann works byfits and starts and lacks continuityinendeavor.
46. 办年货 do SpringFestival shopping
过年置办年货成为中国老百姓的头等大事,家家户户采购各种吃的、穿的、
用的、玩儿的,这些被统称为“年货(special purchases for theSpringFestival)”,
而采购年货的过程称为“办年货(do Spring Festival shopping)”。人们“办年
货”更多是为了追求新年的仪式感(preparing the special purchases is more like a
ceremony to feel thenewyear atmosphere)。
Forexample
从小年开始,人们就要置办年货了,包括给祖先的贡品、招待客人的用品,还有
过年期间一家人的吃食都要提前买好。
Peoplestart to stock upnecessary provisionsfor theSpring Festival since theLittle
New Year. Everything needed tomake offerings tothe ancestors,entertain guests, and
feed thefamily over thelongholiday must be purchased in advance.
– Couplets 春联 – Gods oftheGate 门神 – New Year paintings 年画
– Paper cuttings 剪纸 – Lantern 灯笼
47. 覆水难收 Whatis donecannot beundone/Whatis lostislost.
倒在地上的水难以收回(spilledwater cannot be gathered upagain),常用来
比喻事情已成定局、难以挽回,可以翻译为“Whatis donecannot beundone”。
Forexample
吉尔很快就后悔告诉迈克她恨他,但她知道已经是覆水难收了。
Jillsoon regretted telling Mikethat shehated him, but sheknew that what's done
cannot be undone.
没有人能拯救他们的婚姻,已经覆水难收了。
Nobody can savetheir marriage. What islost is lost.48. 福无双至,祸不单行 it neverrains butitpours
幸运的事不会连续到来,祸事却会接踵而至(literallyblessings never come in
pairs and misfortunes never comesingly)”,与俗语“屋漏偏逢连夜雨”意思相
同,可以用“itnever rains but itpours”表示。
Forexample
屋漏偏逢连夜雨,先是我的车被偷了,然后我又丢了办公室的钥匙。
It never rains but it pours!First Ifound that thecar had been stolenand then Ilost the
keys to my office.
49. 随大溜 swimwith thetide
亦作“随大流”,比喻“跟着多数人说话或行事”,可以翻译为“followthe
general trend,swimwith thetide”,也可以表示“盲目跟从(followothers blindly)”。
Forexample
他们是独立的个体,不愿随大溜。
They are individuals; they willnot followtheherd.
我爱干啥干啥,从不随大溜。
Idowhat I likeand never followthecrowd.
50. 揭老底 digupdirt
“揭”表示“揭露(expose,unmask)”,揭老底比喻“揭露一个人的底细、
短处”,与英文习语“digupdirt”意思相近,表示“uncover negativeinformation
about someoneor something”。
Forexample
他们试图揭他们政治对手的老底。
They tried to dig updirt ontheirpolitical enemies.
不要揭他的老底。
Don’t diguphis unmentionable past.
微信公众号:漫学英语。原创整理。51. 五十步笑百步 thepotcallingthe kettle black
作战时后退了五十步的人讥笑后退了百步的人。通常用来比喻“自己跟别人
有同样的缺点或错误,可是却指责嘲讽别人,与英文习语“thepot calling thekettle
black”含义相同。
Forexample
埃利奥特怪我自私,真是五十步笑百步!
Elliottaccused meof being selfish. Talk about thepot calling the kettleblack!
两位政客互相攻击,在公众眼里他们是五十步笑百步。
Thetwo politicians attacked eachother fiercely. In the public's eye, it's likethe pot
calling thekettleblack.
52. 车到山前必有路 You will cross the bridgewhenyou get toit
比喻事先不用着急,到时候问题总可以解决(things will eventually sort
themselves out; In theend things will mend)。与“船到桥头自然直”同义,可互
相替换,英文可以翻译为“You willcross thebridge when you get toit”。
Forexample
别担心我们该怎么支付新机器的款项,车到山前必有路。
Don't worry about howwe're going to payfor anew machine; we'll cross that bridge
when we come toit.
工作面试还有一个星期,所以我还不担心,船到桥头自然直。
Thejobinterview isa week away, soI'm not worried about it yet—I'll cross that
bridgewhen Icome to it.
53. 昙花一现 aflash inthe pan
比喻美好的事物或景象出现了一下,很快就消失(vanish as soon as it
appears),与英文习语“a flash in thepan”意思相近。
Forexample
很可惜,他们的成功只是昙花一现。Sadly, theirsuccess was justa flash in thepan.
他们不过是历史舞台上昙花一现的人物。They are merely passers-by onthestage
ofhistory.54. 门可罗雀 befewandfarbetween
用来形容十分冷落,宾客稀少(visitorsare few and far between,having few
visitors)。
Forexample
展厅门可罗雀,开发商已经开始降低价格。
Showroomsare empty and developers have already started cutting prices.
地震过后这个景点门可罗雀。
Visitors are fewand far between in thisscenic spot after theearthquake.
55. 一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳 oncebitten, twiceshy
一旦受过伤害就对类似的事物或事件十分小心谨慎(once one is hurt by
someone or something, one will be extra cautious to avoid that person or thing)”,
可以翻译为“once bitten,twice shy”。
Forexample
A: 你觉得她还会结婚吗?Willshe marry again, doyou think?
B: 我觉得悬,一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳。Idoubt it — once bitten, twice shy.
珍妮肯定不会再去游泳了,一朝被蛇咬,十年怕井绳。Jennycertainlywon't go
swimmingagain. Once bitten, twice shy.
56. 马到成功 wish you instantsuccess!
比喻成功迅速而顺利,可以翻译为“win instant success; gain an immediate
victory; with success the momentone arrives”。常用于祝福语,如“祝你马到成功!
(Iwish you instant success! )”
57. 苦果eat the bitterfruitofone's ownmaking
佛教用语,字面意思是“bitterfruit”,比喻不得不接受的痛苦结果(Asituation
or result that is unpleasant but must be accepted),与英文谚语“a bitter pill to
swallow”意思相似。常用表达如,“自食苦果( eat the bitter fruit of one's own
making)”。微信公众号:漫学英语。原创整理。
Forexample
尽管后来他成了事业有成的生意人,以前的犯罪前科终究让他尝到了苦果。
Although he subsequently became a successful businessman, his criminal past caught
up withhim.
我做出了错误的决定只得自食苦果。
Ihad to pay thepenalty for thewrong decisions I made.
58. 情人眼里出西施 love isblind
比喻由于存在感情,不论对方外表如何,都会觉得对方是完美的,看不到对
方的缺点,可以翻译为 beauty is in theeye ofthebeholder 或loveis blind。
Forexample
史蒂文似乎认为他的妻子很美。这就叫做情人眼里出西施嘛。
Steven seems to think his wife is beautiful. It all goes to show that beauty is in the eye
ofthebeholder.
情人眼里出西施。换句话说,当你爱着某人,你可能会看不到这个人的任何缺点。
Love is blind. In other words, when you are in love with someone, you may refuse to
seeanything bad about that person.
59. 打退堂鼓 draw inone’s horns
本意是指封建官吏退堂时打鼓。现在比喻在达到目的之前先退缩、放弃(give
up apursuit withoutattaining the goal),与英文习语“draw inone's horns”意思相
近,可以表示“makea retreat from an earliercommitmentor activity”。
Forexample
镇长想要增加税收,但公众的反应使他打退堂鼓。
Thetown head wanted highertaxes but publicreactionmade himdraw inhis horns.
不要遇到一点困难就打退堂鼓。
Don't back up themoment you run upagainst alittle difficulty.现在打退堂鼓已经太晚了。It's toolate toback down now.
60. 班门弄斧 teach one’s grandmother (how)to suck eggs
在鲁班门前舞弄斧子(showoffone's proficiency with theaxebefore Lu Ban,
the master carpenter)”。比喻在行家面前卖弄本领,不自量力(show off in the
presence ofan expert;be conceited),与英文习语“teach one's grandmother (how)
tosuck eggs”意思相近。
Forexample
他总是告诉上司怎样经营生意,简直是班门弄斧。
He is always telling the director how to run the business that's like teaching his
grandmother tosuck eggs.
61. 竹篮打水一场空 afruitless attempt
又作竹篮打水(draw water with a bamboobasket ─ all in vain),比喻白费
力气,没有效果,劳而无功(work hard but to noavail;afruitless attempt)。
Forexample
到头来,竹篮打水一场空。
Finally, it islikedrawing water with asieve.
一味地追求不切实际的东西,到头来只能是竹篮打水一场空。
On pursuing theunpractical things, you willgain nothing.
62. 拾人牙慧 steal others' ideas/sayings
比喻拾取别人的一言半语当作自己的话(pick up phrases from somebody and
pass them off as one's own),也比喻窃取别人的语言和文字(steal others'
ideas/sayings),带有贬义。
Forexample
他只是鹦鹉学舌,拾人牙慧罢了!
Hetalks likea parrot and justrepeat what heheard.
他那篇文章尽是拾人牙慧的观念。
His articleis full ofhand-me-down concepts.63. 冰冻三尺非一日之寒 Rome wasn'tbuiltin aday
比喻一种情况的形成,是经过长时间的积累、酝酿的,与英文谚语“Rome
wasn't built ina day”意思相近,表示“it takes a long timeto do atask properly, and
you should notrush itorexpect to doit quickly”。
64. 风调雨顺 windand rain come intheirtime
字面意思是“seasonable weather with gentlebreeze and timely rain”,形容风
雨适合农作物生长(good weather for thecrops),亦可喻指天下安宁,常与“国
泰民安”一起出现。
Forexample
风调雨顺,国泰民安。
The wind and rain come in their time. The country prospers and the people enjoy
peace.
65. 江山易改,本性难移 aleopard can’tchangeits spots
人的本性的改变比江山的变迁还要难。形容人的内在秉性难以改变,与英文
习语“aleopard can't change itsspots 或atiger cannot change its stripes”意思相近。
Forexample
我们分手后他回来找我,试图让我相信他已经变了。但我知道江山易改本性难移。
After our breakup, he came crawling back, trying to convince me that he'd changed,
butI knowthat aleopard can't change its spots.
他一定还会挂科的,毕竟江山易改本性难移。
Heis boundto fail theexam again, aleopard cannot change his spots after all.
66. 小道消息 heard something on thegrapevine
汉语中习惯将非官方发布,而是道听途说的消息和传闻称为“小道消息”,
泛指没有根据的传闻(hearsay;rumour;gossip)。与英文习语“hear (something)
on thegrapevine”意思相近。
Forexample我听小道消息说斯泰西和马克要离婚了。
Iheard on thegrapevine that Stacy andMark are getting adivorce.
A:“你怎么知道公司要破产了?”
A: "Howdoyou knowthe company isgoing bust?"
B:“我听小道消息说的。”
B: "I heard it onthegrapevine."
67. 此地无银三百两 avery poorliewhich reveals thetruth
比喻一个人想要把事情隐瞒掩饰,结果反而暴露(A guilty person gives
himselfaway byconspicuously protesting his innocence)
Forexample
你说这话不是此地无银三百两吗!
Whatyou said only gave yourself away.
你这是此地无银三百两,人们很快就会知道是你犯了错。
You gave yourself away by concealing the truth; people will soon find out what
mistakeyou have made.
68. 落井下石 kick (one)when (one) isdown
字面意思是“dropdown a stoneontheman who has fallen intoa well”,比喻
乘人有危难时加以陷害,与英文俗语“ kick (one)when (one) is down”意思相近。
Forexample
最后我就是无法做到在吉米倒霉时落井下石。
In theend Ijustcouldn't kick Jimmy when he was down.
杰夫的女朋友刚抛弃了他,我不想再落井下石。
Jeff's girlfriend just left him,and Idon't want tokick him whilehe's down.
69. 搬起石头砸自己的脚 shootoneselfin thefoot
比喻本来想害别人,结果害了自己(hurt oneself byone's own doing,behoist
with[by] one's own petard),与英文俗语“shoot oneself in thefoot”意思相近。
Forexample一名法国外交官说:“他们是在搬起石头砸自己的脚。”
“They are shootingthemselves inthefoot, ”said oneFrench diplomat.
实行这种政策,只能是搬起石头砸自己的脚。
Following such a policy can only result in sowing the wind and reaping the
whirlwind.
70. 隔墙有耳 walls haveears
比喻即使秘密商量,别人也可能知道,也用于劝人说话小心,免得泄露。与
英文谚语“walls have ears”意思相同。
Forexample
别在这里聊生意上的事情,隔墙有耳。
Don't say anything about our businessdealings in here. Wallshaveears.
你最好小点声,要知道隔墙有耳。
You’dbetter keepyour voicedown. Walls haveears, you know.
71. 有其父必有其子 likefather, likeson
表示“孩子的行为举止通常与父母相似(a child usually behaves in a similar
way to his or her parent(s))”,含有贬义。与英文谚语“like father, like son”意
思相近。
Forexample
小吉姆原来和他爸爸一样懒,真是有其父必有其子。
Young Jim isturning out tobe as lazy as his dad — likefather, likeson.
吉尔:乔治的父亲总是抽烟,而现在乔治也吸烟。
Jill:George's father smoked all thetime, and nowGeorge is smokingtoo.
简:有其父必有其子吧。
Jane: Like father, likeson,eh?
微信公众号:漫学英语。原创整理。
72. 抱佛脚 do nothing until thelastminute字面意思是“clasp Buddha’s feet”,原比喻平时不联系,急时慌忙求助(beseech
one’s help onlywhen in trouble)。后多指平时不准备,到时忙应付,可以翻译为
“donothinguntil thelast minute; make alast-minuteeffort”。
Forexample
为应付考试抱佛脚Cram foratest
在她看来,考前临时抱佛脚绝非学习语言的最佳途径。
In her opinion,cramming afewdays before theexamis never the best way for
learning a language.
73. 近朱者赤,近墨者黑 if youliedownwith dogs, youwill get upwith fleas
比喻接近好人可以使人变好,接近坏人可以使人变坏。指人容易受客观环境
影响(be influenced byone's surroundings)。与英文谚语“ifyou liedown with dogs,
you willget upwith fleas”意思相近。
Forexample
我很担心我弟弟和那些捣蛋鬼混在一起。你知道,近朱者赤,近墨者黑。
I worry about my brother hanging out with all those troublemakers—if you lie down
withdogs, you willget upwith fleas, you know?
74. 因小失大 sufferabig lossforalittlegain
字面意思是“losea great deal through trying to save alittle”,比喻“为了小的利
益而失去大的利益,得不偿失”,可以翻译为“suffer a big loss for a little gain”或
“losethemain goal because ofsmall gains”。
Forexample
我们不能因小失大。
Wecan't risk big things for thesake ofsmall ones.
不要因小失大,而要从全盘考虑问题。
You should have the overall situation in mind, refraining from seeking small gains at
great cost.
微信公众号:漫学英语。原创整理。75. 鹤立鸡群 stand outinthecrowd
“像鹤站在鸡群中一样(likeacrane standingamong chickens)”,比喻一个
人的仪表或才能在周围一群人里显得很突出(stand head and shoulders above
others,stand out in thecrowd,towerover)。
Forexample
在周围一群泛泛之辈的衬托之下,他就像一个鹤立鸡群的智者。
Surrounded bymediocrities, hecan seem a towering intellectual.
在当前这帮无足轻重的人里面,他算是鹤立鸡群。
Amidthe current bunch ofnonentities, heisa towering figure.
76. 一根筋 one-track minded
指性格偏执、固执(stubborn),常用来形容某些人做事死板不开窍、不知
变通,可以翻译为“one-track minded”。
Forexample
为了我的理想,再苦再累也值。你可以说我是一根筋,但是,在梦想的道路上,
我不是一个人。
No matterhow hard or tiringit may be, it's worth it to achieve my dreams. You can
sayI amastubbornman,but Iam notthe onlyone traveling theroad ofdreams.
77. 患难见真情 Afriendinneed is afriendindeed
指只有经过共同的患难才能看出自己的知心朋友,与英文谚语“A friend in
need isa friend indeed”意思相同。
Forexample
我将永远感激汤姆对我的帮助,患难见真情!
I’ll always begrateful toTom forhelping me; afriend in need is afriend indeed!
78. 自不量力 biteoffmore than onecan chew
亦作“不自量力”,意思是自己不估量自己的能力,指过高地估计自己的力
量(overestimateone's own strength orability),与英文谚语“biteoff morethanonecan chew”意思相近。
Forexample
我本应该小心,但是我自不量力。下来的时候我几乎立即失去控制,结果撞到一
棵树上受伤了。
Instead of being cautious, I bit off more than I could chew. On my way down, I lost
control almost immediately and slammed intoa tree and got injured.
你得小心,不要自不量力。
Be careful you don't biteoff morethanyou can chew.
79. 摊牌showone’s hand
比喻“把事情的有关情况都向对方公开,表明自己的真实意图”,与英文习
语“show one's hand”意思相近,表示“to make one's plans, intentions, ideas, or
resources known to others, especially those that were previously hidden or kept
secret”。
Forexample
在商务谈判中,关键是不要马上摊牌,否则你可能会失去最好的交易机会。
In business negotiations, it's important that you don't show your hand right away, or
you might risk losingout onthebest deal possible.
他们要是不肯摊牌,谈判就不会有进展。
Thenegotiations will notmake progress as long as they refuse toshowtheir hand.
80. 卧薪尝胆 putupwith an insult/endurehardships inorder to
字面意思是“sleep onthe brushwood [sticks] and tastethegall”,形容一个人
忍辱负重,发愤图强(put upwith an insult inorder to takerevenge,endure hardships
toaccomplish someambition)。
Forexample
他卧薪尝胆,图谋报复。
Heenduredhardships to plan retaliation.81. 强词夺理 defendoneself bysophistry
指无理强辩,没理硬说成有理(argue irrationally; turn things upsidedownbya
stretch of thelanguage),可以翻译为“defend oneself bysophistry”。
强词夺理不能折服人。
Forexample
No onecan be persuaded bysophistry.
错了就要承认,不要强词夺理。
If you are wrong, you should admityour mistake and not resort to lame arguments.
82.小巫见大巫 bepalebefore...; appearinsignificantwhencompared with...
比喻能力高低相差悬殊,相形见绌(appear insignificant when compared
with;bepalebefore)。
Forexample
我们这个温室比起你们那个简直是小巫见大巫。
Ourgreenhouse isnothing compared with yours.
比起他来,我过去所受的那些苦难也只是小巫见大巫,算不得什么。
What little pain and adversity I've experienced so far is simply nothing compared to
what he's been through.
83. 杞人忧天 meet troublehalf-way
杞国人担心天会塌下来(Theman of Qi was afraid that theheavens were about
to fall on him),比喻缺乏根据或不必要的担心和忧虑(unnecessary worry,
excessiveanxiety),与英文俗语“meet troublehalf-way”意思相近。
Forexample
你不能杞人忧天的生活,不然会因为优柔寡断和焦虑而崩溃。
You can't go through life meeting trouble halfway, or you'll end up paralyzed with
indecision and anxiety.
也许明天会更好,我们现在不应该杞人忧天。
Maybetomorrow willbe better. Weshouldn't meet troublehalfway now.84. 含沙射影 resort to insinuation
字面意思是“含沙喷射人的影子(spitsand onashadow)”。后来人们就用
“含沙射影”比喻暗中攻击陷害他人,或暗中讽刺别人,含贬义。可以翻译为
“resort to insinuation 或 attack byinnuendo”。
Forexample
这份报告建立在谣言、臆断和含沙射影的基础之上。
Thereport was based onrumors, speculation, and innuendo.
马库斯一直在说些含沙射影的话。
Marcus kept making insinuatingremarks.
85. 滥竽充数 to havesomeoneincompetent to makeup thenumber
意思是不会吹竽的人混在会吹竽的队伍里充数。比喻无本领的冒充有本领,
次货冒充好货tobe there justto make upthenumber.
Forexample
我不会唱歌, 我在这儿只是滥竽充数。
Iam not good at singing. I'm here justtomake upthenumber.
宁可虚位以待,也不要让不称职的人滥竽充数。
We'd rather leave theplace vacant than have someoneincompetent fill theposition.
86. 站不住脚 notholdwater
当我们形容一种观点或理论“经不起推敲与反驳、存在漏洞”时,常常说这
种观点是“站不住脚的”,它与英文俗语“nothold water”意思相近。
Forexample
反对者反对这项法案的论点站不住脚。
That argument that opponents are making against this billdoes not hold water.
警察的理论站不住脚,嫌疑犯有明确的不在场证明。
Thepolice’s theory will not holdwater. The suspect has anironclad alibi.
87. 九牛一毛 adrop inthe ocean(bucket)
字面意思是“九头牛身上的一根毛(asingle hair outof nineoxhides)”,比喻渺小、轻微,或很大数量中的极少数,与英文习语“adrop in theocean(bucket)”
意思相近。
Forexample
许多公司捐赠食品和药品帮助地震幸存者,但和所需之物相比只是九牛一毛。
Many companies donated food and medicine to help the survivors of the earthquake,
butit was justadrop in thebucket of what was needed.
同播出的实际开支相比较,他那点酬金不过是九牛一毛。
His fee isa drop intheoceancompared with thereal cost of broadcasting.
88. 说风凉话 make irresponsibleandcarping comments
站在事件之外说些不负责任的讽刺性的话,常常用于对不站在对方立场上思
考和讲话的人的反驳。可以翻译为“make irresponsible and carping comments”或
“makesarcasticcomments ”。
Forexample
他专门找空子说风凉话。
Heuses every opportunityto make irresponsibleand sarcastic comments.
为什么大家总认为我在说风凉话?
Whydoes everyone always thinkI'm beingsarcastic?
89. 三思而后行 lookbeforeyou leap
出自《论语》,意思是“多次思考再行动(think twice before you do)”,
形容做事谨慎,小心稳妥。与英文谚语“look before you leap”意思相近,表示
“carefully consider thepossibleconsequences before taking action”。
Forexample
如果你现在欺骗你的老板,一旦他发现后会发生什么?我想说, 三思而后行!
If you deceive your boss now, what do you think will happen if he finds out about it?
Imean, lookbefore you leap!
我不是说你不应该签那套公寓的租约。我只是说你应该三思而后行。
I'm not saying you shouldn't sign the lease for that apartment. I'm just saying you
should lookbefore you leap.90. 以牙还牙 engage inatitfortat
意思是用牙咬来对付牙咬,比喻用对方使用的手段来回击对方,以同样的方
式报复,常与“以眼还眼”连用。可以翻译为“engage in atitfor tat”。
Forexample
这种以牙还牙的报复还要持续多长时间?
Howmuch longer is thistitfor tat going tolast?
91. 和颜悦色 with akindandpleasantcountenance
和蔼喜悦的神色,形容态度温和亲切。可以翻译为“witha kind andpleasant
countenance, wearing apleasant andgracious face, bemild and nice”等。
Forexample
他和颜悦色地说:“我并不是想扫你的兴。”
"I didn't mean to upset you," hesaidmildly.
我会和颜悦色地对她。
I'd go easy onher.
92. 唱白脸 do thedirty work、goodcop, badcop
“唱白脸”,字面意思是“tosing whiteface”,比喻在解决问题的过程中,充当
严厉或令人讨厌的角色(pretend to be harsh and severe)。在京剧脸谱(facial
makeup in Peking Opera)中,“红脸”是正直的象征(symbol ofintegrity)。“白脸”
是奸邪的象征(symbol of evil)。后来人们就用红脸代表好人,用白脸代表坏人。
习语“一个唱白脸,一个唱红脸”表示在做某件事情时,两人合作,一人哄骗、一
人恐吓(One coaxes, the other coerces.),软硬兼施来达到说话人的目的,与英
文“good cop, badcop”用法相似。
Forexample
你只要负责在这个纸上签字就可以了,白脸我来唱。
You go ahead and sign this paper, and I’lldothe dirty work.
也许我们应该换个战术。听说过“一个唱白脸,一个唱红脸”吗?
Maybewe should try anew tactic. Have you heard of "goodcop, badcop" ?93. 打圆场 mediate adispute、smooth things over
以特定的话语去缓和紧张气氛、调节人际关系,出面替双方调解纠纷、处理
尴尬局面,可以翻译为“mediatea dispute,smooththings over”。
他很会替人打圆场。
Forexample
Heis agood mediator.
布莱克夫人赶紧问客人假期过得怎么样,替自己的言不得体打圆场。
Mrs Black hurried to make up for her tactlessness by asking her guest about his
holiday.
94. 入木三分 penetrating; profound
比喻对文章或事物见解深刻、透彻,可以用“penetrating;profound”表示。
他的分析真是入木三分。
Forexample
His analysis was really penetrating.
这个真实的故事把两个年轻人的冷酷残忍刻画得入木三分。
Thecold, hard cruelty oftwo young menis vividlybrought to lifeinthistrue story.
这位书法家的字苍劲有力,入木三分。
Thiscalligrapher writes aforceful hand, withbold and vigorous strokes.
95. 朝三暮四 chop andchange
字面意思是“three inthe morningand four inthe evening”,比喻常常变卦,
反复无常(change one's mind frequently)。与英文习语“chop and change”意思
相近。
Forexample
我希望你不要总是朝三暮四的。
Ihopeyou not chop and change your mind so often.
在女人这方面,他也许会朝三暮四,但是谈及美食与美酒时,他却深知自己的喜
好,并且一成不变。
He may chop and change when it comes to women, but when it comes to food anddrink, heknows what helikes andsticks to it.
96. 鸡蛋里挑骨头 allthis nit-picking、nit-picker
鸡蛋里挑骨头,字面意思是“lookfor abonein an egg”。人们常用这句话来
比喻“故意挑毛病、吹毛求疵(lookfor a flawwhich doesn’t exist)”。
Forexample
我讨厌这些鸡蛋里挑骨头的话。
Iam sick of all thisnit-picking.
他这人喜欢鸡蛋里挑骨头。
Heis acaviler/nit-picker.
97. 朝秦暮楚 changeone’s loyaltyfrequently
本指战国时期,秦楚两个诸侯大国相互对立,经常作战。有的诸侯小国为了
保证自身的利益与安全,时而倾向秦,时而倾向楚。现在比喻反复无常,可以翻
译为“change one's loyalty frequently,befaithless”或“be quick to switch sides”。
Forexample
他岂是朝秦暮楚之辈!
Heis certainly not thetype who frequently switches sides.
98. 得道多助,失道寡助 Ajust causeenjoys abundantsupport
出自《孟子·公孙丑下》。意思是“只有奉行道义,才能赢得内部的团结一
致、赢得民心;否则就将不得人心,从而陷入孤立无援的境地。这句话可以翻译
为“Ajustcause enjoys abundant support whilean unjustcause finds little support”。
Forexample
得道多助,你本应明白这个道理,我对你很失望。
You should have understood that a just cause enjoys abundant support. I'm very
disappointed in you.
微信公众号:漫学英语。原创整理。99. 套近乎 cotton up to someone
“套近乎”或“拉近乎”,形容“和不太熟识的人拉拢关系,表示亲近(try
toget in good with someone)。“套近乎”通常带有目的性,为了获得某种好处
(in hopes of favorable treatment),常见用法如“与某人套近乎(cotton up to
someone)”。
Forexample
咱们按原则办事,别想套近乎。
Wemustadhere tothe principle. Don’t try to cotton upto me.
100. 和事佬 act likeapeacemaker
“和事佬”,字面意思是“调停争端的人(mediator, someone who tries to bring
peace)”,也指不讲原则、不问是非而一味劝双方和解的人(person who is more
concerned withstopping thebickering than settlingthe issue)。
Forexample
你今天可得说个谁对谁错,不能遇事总当和事佬。
Tell us who’s in the right and who’s in the wrong. You can’t act like a peacemaker
every timethere isadispute.