文档内容
主题对接教材
必修第三册 Unit 2 Morals and virtues；选择性必修第三册 Unit 4
人教版
Adversity and courage；选择性必修第四册 Unit 4 Sharing
必修第三册 Unit 2 Making a difference；选择性必修第一册 Unit 2
外研版
Onwards and upwards；选择性必修第四册 Unit 1 Looking forwards
译林版 选择性必修第四册 Unit 1 Honesty and responsibility
北师大版 必修第二册 Unit 6 The admirable；选择性必修第二册 Unit 4 Humour
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．daring adj.勇敢的
2．collapse vi.(突然)倒下
3．justice n．公平，公正
4．discrimination n．歧视
5．foundation n．基金会
6．territory n．地区，地方
7．institution n．机构，团体
8．leftover adj.吃剩的；残留的 n．吃剩的食物；遗留物
9．contract vt.感染(疾病)；与……订立合同(或契约) n．合同；契约
10．fund v．为……提供资金，资助 n．基金；资金
11．handshake n．握手
12．far-reaching adj.影响深远的
13．self-evident adj.不证自明的；显而易见的
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．reputation n．名誉；名望
2．internal adj.内部的
3．encounter vt.遇到4．mission n．职责，使命
5．circumstance n．情况，情形
6．crisis n．危难时刻；危机
7．plot n．(书、电影、戏剧的)情节
8．platform n．平台；站台；舞台
9．chief adj.最高级别的，首席的；首要的 n．首领；最高领导人
10．purely adv.完全地；纯粹地；仅仅
11．sensitive adj.敏感的；容易生气的
12．pray vi.& vt.企盼；祈祷
13．aid v．& n．帮助，援助
14．eventually adv.最终；终于
15．march n．& v．示威游行，抗议游行
16．dilemma n．进退两难的境地；窘境
17．undertake vt.& vi.(undertook；undertaken) 着手做；承担；承诺，允诺
18．shift n．(工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间；转变 v．(使)转移
19．remarkable adj.不寻常的；显著的；非凡的
20．gain v．获得，赢得，取得；受益 n．好处；利益
21．ongoing adj.继续进行的，不断发展的
22．ultimately adv.最后，最终
23．arise vi.(arose；arisen)出现；上升；起立
24．drag(dragged；dragged) vt.拖；拽 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．engage vi.参加，参与→engagement n．婚约；约会；交战；雇用→engaged adj.已订婚
的；占线的
2．mixture n．混合，混合体→mix v．(使)混合；配制；参与
3．contrary n．正相反，恰恰相反 adj.相反的；截然不同的→contrarily adv.相反地；反之
4．perseverance n．不屈不挠，坚持不懈→persevere vi.坚持；不屈不挠
5．establish vt.建立，设立→establishment n．确立，创立；企业
6．protest n．& vi.& vt.抗议；反对→protester n．抗议者；反对者；持异议者
7．racial adj.种族的；人种的→race n．种族，人种；赛事，赛跑 vt.使参加比赛；和……竞
赛；疾走
8．temporary adj.短期的，短暂的；临时的→temporarily adv.临时地，临时
9．affection n．喜爱，钟爱；感情→affect vt.影响；使感染；使悲伤；假装
10．passion n．热衷的爱好，热爱；激情→passionate adj.具有强烈情感的；热爱的，酷爱的
11．casually adv.漫不经心地；非正式地→casual adj.随便的；非正式的；临时的；偶然的
12．stability n．稳定(性)；稳固(性)→stable adj.稳定的，牢固的；稳重的，沉稳的；持久的
13．promising adj.大有希望的→promise n．许诺，允诺；希望 vt.允诺，许诺；给人以……
的指望或希望 vi.许诺
14．donate vt.捐赠，捐献→donation n．捐款，捐赠物；捐赠→donor n．捐赠者
15．assistance n．帮助，援助→assist v．(通过提供金钱或信息)帮助；在场(当助
手)→assistant n．助手，助理，助教
16．resign vi.& vt.辞职；辞去→resignation n．辞职；放弃；辞职信；顺从→resigned adj.
顺从的；已辞职的；已放弃的
17．peaceful adj.和平的，没有暴力的→peacefully adv.平静地；和平地→peace n．和平；
平静；和睦
18．horror n．令人惊恐的事；震惊，恐惧→horrible adj.可怕的；极讨厌的→horribly adv.
可怕地；非常地
19．possession n．财物，财产→possess vt.控制；使掌握；持有；迷住；拥有，具备
20．strike vi.& vt.(struck；struck)突然发生(某种不幸)；打，击→striking adj.显著的，突出
的，惊人的；打击的；罢工的
21．advocate n．提倡者；拥护者；支持者 v．拥护；提倡→advocation n．拥护；支持；辩
护→advocator n．提倡者；拥护者
22．participation n．参加，参与→participate vi.参与，参加；分享→participant n．参与者，
参加者
23．persist vi.顽强地坚持；保持；持续存在→persistent adj.执着的，坚持不懈的
→persistence n．持续；固执；存留；坚持不懈；毅力
24．loosely adv.不严谨地；松弛地→loose adj.宽松的；散漫的；不牢固的；不精确的 vt.释
放；松开；射出(子弹、箭等)→loosen vt.& vi.放松；松开
25．privilege n．优惠待遇；特权→privileged adj.有特权的；受特别优待的
26．contribution n．贡献→contribute vt.贡献，出力；投稿；捐献 vi.贡献，出力；投稿；
捐献→contributor n．贡献者；投稿者；捐助者
1．mindless adj.盲目的
2．grant vt.同意；准许 n．拨款
3．evil n．邪恶之事；祸害 adj.邪恶的
4．criterion n．标准；准则；原则
5．circuit n．巡回；环形线路6．dignity n．(举止、态度等的)庄严，端庄
7．obligation n．义务；职责
8．dedicator n．献身者；奉献者
9．authoritative adj.有权威的；命令式的；可信的
10．enforce vt.强行实施，强制执行；强迫，强制
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．put out the fire灭火
2．take action采取行动
3．be reunited with (使)重聚
4．rise to one’s feet 站起身来
5．pass up放过，放弃；错过(机会)
6．put off推迟……，使……延期
7．weigh up权衡；仔细考虑
8．be regarded as被认为，被看作
9．relay to转达给……；转发给……
10．not to mention更不用说；且不说
11．fight for努力争取，为……斗争
12．in spite of尽管；虽然；不顾
13．take...for granted认为……是理所当然；对……不予重视
14．have second thoughts(对原先的决定)犹豫，产生怀疑
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．be doing...when...正在做……这时突然……
The other day I was showing the boys a chemistry experiment when，before I knew it，the
mixture was bubbling out of the test tube spilling everywhere!
不久前的一天，我正给男孩子们演示一个化学实验，我还没弄明白怎么回事，混合剂就从试
管里冒了出来，溅的到处都是！
2．see sb doing sth看到某人正在做某事
Everyday we see people from all walks of life working in nearly every corner of the world.
每天我们都看到各行各业的人在世界上几乎每个角落工作。
3．现在分词短语作状语
China is dedicated to building a community with a shared future for the world，helping many
other countries in difficulty with their development.
中国致力于构建世界命运共同体，帮助许多面临发展困难的国家。
4．not only位于句首的倒装句
Not only is this country helped by the organization，but people in neighbouring countries are
helped as well.
不仅这个国家得到了这个组织的帮助，邻国的人民也得到了帮助。Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共6分)
1．collapse vi. ( 突然 ) 倒下
2．justice n．公平，公正
3．foundation n．基金会
4．institution n．机构，团体
5．fund v． 为 …… 提供资金，资助 n．基金；资金
6．far-reaching adj.影响深远的
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共12分)
1．encounter vt.遇到
2．circumstance n．情况，情形
3．plot n．(书、电影、戏剧的)情节
4．chief adj.最高级别的，首席的；首要的 n．首领；最高领导人
5．sensitive adj.敏感的；容易生气的
6．pray vi.& vt.企盼；祈祷
7．aid v．& n．帮助，援助
8．march n．& v．示威游行，抗议游行
9．dilemma n．进退两难的境地；窘境
10．undertake vt.& vi.着手做；承担；承诺，允诺
11．gain v．获得，赢得，取得；受益 n．好处；利益
12．drag vt.拖；拽 vt.& vi.缓慢而费力地移动
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1．perseverance n．不屈不挠，坚持不懈→persevere vi.坚持；不屈不挠
2．establish vt.建立，设立→establishment n．确立，创立；企业
3．contrary n．正相反，恰恰相反 adj.相反的；截然不同的→contrarily adv.相反地；反之；
反对地
4．affection n．喜爱，钟爱；感情→affect vt.影响；使感染；使悲伤；假装
5．possession n．财物，财产→possess vt.控制；使掌握；持有；迷住；拥有，具备
6．strike vi.& vt.突然发生(某种不幸)；打，击→striking adj.显著的，突出的，惊人的；打
击的；罢工的
7．passion n．热衷的爱好，热爱；激情→passionate adj.具有强烈情感的；热爱的，酷爱的
8．stability n．稳定(性)；牢固(性)→stable adj.稳定的，牢固的；稳重的，沉稳的；持久的
9．promising adj.大有希望的→promise n．许诺，允诺；希望 vt.允诺，许诺；给人以……的指望或希望 vi.许诺
10．persist vi.顽强地坚持；保持；持续存在→persistent adj.执着的，坚持不懈的
→persistence n．持续；固执；存留；坚持不懈；毅力
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．grant vt.同意；准许 n．拨款
2．criterion n．标准；准则；原则
3．obligation n．义务；职责
4．mindless adj.盲目的
5．enforce vt.强行实施，强制执行；强迫，强制
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1．put out the fire 灭火
2．be reunited with (使)重聚
3． rise to one ’ s feet 站起身来
4．put off 推迟……，使……延期
5．pass up 放过，放弃；错过(机会)
6．not to mention 更不用说；且不说
7．relay to 转达给……；转发给……
8．be regarded as 被认为，被看作
9．have second thoughts(对原先的决定)犹豫，产生怀疑
10．take...for granted 认为……是理所当然；对……不予重视
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共16分)
1．The contributor made a very positive contribution to the success of the project and I believe
that each of us can contribute to it.(contribute)
2．If you have more money than time，then you can be a donor.It makes sense to make a
donation to non-profit organizations that help poor people.(donate)
3．They called for citizens’ participation and she was an active participant in this activity.
(participate)
4．The company needs some assistants who can provide advice and assistance in finding work.
(assist)
5．I live a peaceful life and my soul peacefully enjoys the simple，natural and easy lifestyle！
(peace)
6．When trouble comes they behave selfishly and horribly，which is really horrible.(horror)
7．As an advocator of hard work，I think such work attitude is worthy of study and advocation.
(advocate)8．First，his hands laid loosely and then he did more exercises to loosen up his tense back.
(loose)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．Nowadays，a number of graduates have to fight for jobs in a highly competitive market.
2．After the firefighters came，they took action immediately to stop the fire spreading.
3．Don’t take what others do for you for granted.You should be grateful.
4．You have to weigh up all the pros and cons of the matter before you make a decision.
5．In spite of many ups and downs，he still has a positive attitude to failures.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共16分)
1．他深受同事的欢迎，不仅因为他的知识渊博还因为他的乐于助人。(not only位于句首的
倒装句)
Not only is he knowledgeable but also he is ready to help others，so he is very popular with his
colleagues.
2．看到人们正在对我们赖以生存的地球造成越来越严重的破坏，我们很难过。(see sb doing
sth)
It’s sad to see people doing more and more serious damage to the Earth on which we rely.
3．我们正在岸上看书，突然听到从河里传来呼救声。一个士兵冒着生命危险救了那个溺水
的人。(be doing...when...)
We were reading on the bank when we heard a cry for help from the river.A soldier saved the
drowning man at the risk of losing his life.
4．我很荣幸能成为这些孩子生活的一部分，了解他们，倾听他们的故事。(现在分词短语作
状语)
It’s an honor for me to be a part of these kids’ life，getting to know them and hearing their
stories.
The area was struck by a crisis，many volunteers offering their assistance 1.to aid(aid)
the local people out of the difficulties.As a group of promising and 2.ambitious(ambition) young
people，they 3.are recognized(recognize) and praised by people.They appealed to the public to
donate to people in need on social media platforms and undertook to establish job-hunt
association，which had a far-reaching influence 4.on society.There is no doubt that volunteer
service teams make 5.a great contribution to our society and the people in need.6.Serving(serve)
as a volunteer is beneficial to the volunteers 7.themselves(they) too，which can not only help them
gain the skills to communicate with others but also 8.broaden(broad) their horizons.Therefore，it
is hoped that more people will join the team of volunteers to do their part 9.and undertake their
mission.I 10.firmly(firm) believe that many hands make light work.circumstance n．(usually pl.)条件；环境；状况
under/in no circumstances无论如何不，决不(置于句首，句子用部分倒装)
under/in the circumstances在这种情况下；既然如此
if circumstances permit/allow如果情况允许的话
(1)我决不放弃创办一家公司的目标。如果条件允许的话，我将立即采取行动去实现我的梦
想。
Under/In no circumstances will I give up the objective of founding a company.If circumstances
permit/allow，I will take immediate action to accomplish my dream.
(2)我的搭档生病了。即使在这种情况下，他仍然不遗余力地和我一起分析评估我们收集的
数据，我内心深处的敬佩之情油然而生。(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)
My partner was ill.Even under/in the circumstances，he still spared no effort to analyse and
evaluate the data we collected，and a feeling of admiration rose from the bottom of my heart.
undertake vt.& vi.(undertook；undertaken)承担，从事；承诺，答应；着手做
undertake a task承担任务
同意、答应或着手做某事
(1)The promising and ambitious architect has undertaken to construct(construct) a user-friendly
building.
(2)在我看来，只有经过充分准备，我们才能接手新任务。
As far as I’m concerned ， we can’t undertake a new task without making adequate
preparations.
arise vi.(arose，arisen)发生，出现，产生；起身，起立；(由……)引起
arise from＝arise out of由……引起/产生；从……中产生
arise from one’s chair/seat从椅子/座位上站起来
(1)小女孩从椅子上站起来，摇摇晃晃地向奶奶走去，抽噎道：“向您撒谎，我非常抱
歉。” (读后续写之动作链描写)
The little girl arose from her chair，wobbled toward her grandmother and sobbed，“I’m
terribly sorry for telling lies to you.”
(2)休息时，我们的班主任开始处理他课上出现的问题。
At break，our head teacher got down to dealing with the matters which/that arose from his class
/arising from his class.
donate vt.捐赠，捐献；赠送(donation n．捐献 donor n．捐赠者)•donate...to...把……捐献给……
•make a donation to向……捐赠
(1)The businessman donated a lot of money to the school，enabling the students to return to their
classrooms.
(2)Governments，organizations，enterprises and individuals are offering donations(donate) of
money and materials to the region.
(3)我们可以给基金会捐款，帮助偏远乡村的孩子们摆脱困境。
We can make a donation to the foundation and help the children in remote villages out of trouble.
resign vt.& vi.辞职，辞去(工作、职位等)；听任，顺从(resignation n．辞职；辞职信；
放弃)
resign from/as...辞职/辞去(某职务)
resign oneself to (doing) sth 听任/顺从(做)某事
(1)You have no choice but to resign yourself to waiting(wait) a bit longer with patience.
(2)我写这封信是想告诉您我决定辞掉现在的职务。
I am writing to inform you of my decision to resign from my current position.
(3)为了帮助家里渡过危机，玛丽决定辞去公司经理一职。
To help her family through the crisis，Mary decided to resign her position as a manager in the
company.
possess vt.拥有；具有；支配(不用于进行时)[possession n．(常用复数)所有物；财产]
•be possessed of具有(某品质、能力等)
•in possession of占有；拥有；持有
in the possession of为某人所有
take possession of占有；拥有；支配
(1)His abnormal behavior suggested that he was unable to make reasonable choices after losing all
his possessions(possess)．
(2)幸福不是渴望我们没有的东西，而是享受我们所拥有的东西。
Happiness is not wishing for what we don’t have，but enjoying what we possess/take possession
of/are in possession of.
(3)我鼓励不知所措的大卫：“务必记住只有拥有良好的心态你才能获得成功。”
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
I encouraged David who was at a loss，“Do keep in mind that only by possessing/being
possessed of a good state of mind can you attain success.”(运用倒装句)
privilege n．特权；特别优待；优惠待遇 v．给予特权；特别优待(privileged adj.有特权的；受特别优待的)
•It is a privilege to do sth.做某事是一种殊荣。
have the privilege to do/of doing sth 有特权做某事
•be privileged to do sth 有幸做某事
(1)I take it for granted that I have the privilege to enter(enter) the lab to offer guidance.
(2)在这儿做有关如何帮助这些贫困儿童获得教育和医疗保健的演讲，我倍感荣幸。(应用文
写作之演讲稿)
I am greatly privileged to/It is a great privilege for me to deliver a speech on how to help these poor
children get an education and health care.
contribution n．捐献；贡献；捐赠(contribute v．捐献；贡献；投稿；导致)
•make contributions/a contribution to对……做出贡献；捐款
•contribute...to...把……贡献给……
contribute to (to为介词)有助于；导致；把(时间)投入……；捐款；投稿
(1)On the social level，the establishment of social assistance agencies can contribute greatly to
social harmony.
(2)Wilson received several international awards for his great contributions(contribute)．He lost his
sight but found a vision.(2020·江苏)
(3)总之，我为自己对传播中国文化做出的巨大贡献感到自豪。
In conclusion，I am proud of making great contributions to spreading Chinese culture.
pass up 放过，放弃；错过(机会)
pass through经过……；路过……
pass out 昏倒，失去知觉；分发
pass on传递；继续
pass by经过；走过；逝去
pass away去世；停止；度过时间
pass down世代相传，流传
(1)It is impossible for a lonely and helpless girl to pass through the wilderness without any harm.
(2)He knows the water is so cold and he’ll probably pass out and die of shock before he drowns.
(3)She made it clear that under no circumstances would she pass up the opportunity.
(4)通过教育，人类把这些技术和知识代代相传。
Humans pass down their skills and knowledge to the next generations through education.Ⅰ.一词多义/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．affect
(1)He affected an English accent when he met people he didn’t know. D
(2)I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life was affected.(2022·浙江1月) A
(3)The disease affects a small area in the middle of the brain called the substantia nigra(脑黑质)．
B
(4)People from all over the world were deeply affected by her art，which was beyond her
expectations. C
2．contract
(1)Several computer engineers have been contracted to the finance department. C
(2)The new contract will be the same in every particular as the old one. A
(3)As is known to us all，metal contracts as it cools. B
(4)Unluckily，the doctor contracted a virus when he performed an operation on an old lady. D
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)Make sure your hearing aid，wheelchair and eyeglasses are next to your bed.辅助设备
(2)If you have to care for your children at home，you can switch your shift with some of us.轮班
(3)When problems arise，they will discuss them with the tribal(部落的) chief.首领
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．I take it for granted that I’ll always spend the Spring Festival with my family in my
hometown.
2．Tu Youyou was awarded the Nobel Prize for her contributions(contribute) to anti-malarial
drugs.
3．The students benefiting most from college are those who are totally engaged in academic life.
4．Learning that you have returned to Ireland because you are affected with a serious disease，I
am terribly sorry about it.
5．Mr Morgan has offered his resignation(resign) and it has been accepted.
6．We should pass down the fine tradition of hard struggle from generation to generation.
7．Charities appealed for donations(donate) of food and clothing for victims in the hurricane.
8．I was driving home when my car broke down and I had to ask someone for help.
9．Eventually，it was their endurance，resolution and perseverance(persevere) that helped them
survive.
10．In 1934，Madam Curie passed away and the whole world mourned the great loss of a
remarkable(remark) scientist.
11．In spite of these difficulties，I strongly believe that we can solve the problems we encounter
and gain success.12．I want to relay to people that the disabled need help and I pray that more and more people can
be volunteers.
你市即将举办以“毅力perseverance”为主题的中学生英语演讲比赛。请根据下面的
提示写一篇演讲稿。内容包括：
1.毅力的重要性；
2.如何培养毅力。
完成句子
1．在我看来，毅力是在困难面前不断尝试的品质，这是成功的关键。(perseverance)
2．首先，我们应该设定一个可实现的目标，坚持并朝着这个目标努力。(现在分词短语作状
语)
3．目标不仅能激励我们努力学习，而且能帮助我们获得前进的动力。(not only 位于句首的
倒装句)
4．此外，我们应该拥有强烈的责任感，在未来遇到困难时，我们可以勇敢地前进。
(possess/encounter)
5．我们在任何情况下都不应该灰心丧气，因为如果我们一直努力，我们最终一定会成功。
(under no circumstances)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
Dear honorable judges and fellow students，
That’s all.Thank you.参考范文
Dear honorable judges and fellow students ，
I feel honored to deliver a speech here.In my opinion，perseverance is the quality of keeping
on trying in the face of difficulties，which is the key to success.
Firstly，we should set an achievable goal，sticking to it and working towards it.Not only can
goals inspire us to study hard but also they can help us gain the motivation to move on.Moreover，
we should possess a strong sense of responsibility，with which we may advance bravely when we
encounter difficulties in the future.Under no circumstances should we lose heart，because if we
always keep on trying，we will surely succeed in the end.
That ’ s all.Thank you .
语料积累 情感细节描写：惊讶
open-mouthed adj.惊愕得张大嘴的；目瞪口呆的
surprise/amaze/astonish vt.使吃惊，使惊讶→surprised/amazed/astonished adj.吃惊
单词 的，惊讶的→surprising/amazing/astonishing adj.令人吃惊的
→surprise/amazement/astonishment n．惊讶
shock vt.使震惊 n．震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.震惊的
much to one’s shock/astonishment/surprise/amazement 令某人很震惊/吃惊/惊讶/惊奇
的是 in disbelief难以置信地 come as a shock to sb让某人震惊 a look of surprise
spreads over/flashes across one’s face 脸上出现/掠过惊讶的表情 have a look of
词块
surprise on one’s face 某人脸上露出惊讶的表情 eyes widen in
surprise/astonishment惊讶地睁大眼睛 stare/look at sb with wide eyes目瞪口呆地看
着某人 one’s mouth drops/hangs open in surprise 惊讶地张大嘴
1.It gave me a shock when I realized...当我意识到……，我感到震惊。
2.He froze，his mouth hanging open in surprise.(独立主格)他僵住了，惊讶地张着
嘴。
3.I jumped to my feet in disbelief and stepped back in no time.
我难以置信地跳了起来，立刻后退了一步。
4.I froze with shock，as if rooted to the ground.(状语从句的省略)
句型
我震惊得僵住了，仿佛在地上扎了根。
5.I got first prize in the writing competition，with a spark of surprise flashing across
my face.(with的复合结构)我在写作比赛中得了第一名，脸上闪过一丝惊喜。
6.Staring at him with wide eyes，I hardly believed what he had done.(现在分词短语作
状语)
我目瞪口呆地看着他，简直不敢相信他所做的一切。7.Astonished and excited，I got praise in front of my classmates.(形容词短语作状语)
我既惊讶又兴奋，在同学面前得到了表扬。
语料运用 Much to people’s shock，a tornado occurred in a small town nearby.At the bad
news，Mary ①froze with shock，as if rooted to the ground.Mary shared the news with her
children，and asked if they would like to share what they had with the less fortunate.To her
amazement，all the children didn’t hesitate to donate something and ②her mouth hung open in
surprise.Anne’s brother saw Anne place her favorite toy in the box，③with a spark of surprise
flashing across his face(with的复合结构)．④Staring at her with wide eyes(现在分词短语作状
语)，he then rose to his feet，went back to his room and ran back with his favorite toy to the
living room.⑤Astonished and excited(形容词短语作状语)，Mary saw what her children were
doing in disbelief.Mary ⑥broke into a smile，thinking，“⑦How generous my children are(感
叹句)！They are willing to go to others’ assistance.”
令人震惊的是，附近的一个小镇发生了龙卷风。听到这个坏消息，玛丽吓得僵住了，好像在
地上扎了根似的。玛丽把这个消息告诉了她的孩子们，并问他们是否愿意与那些不幸的人分
享他们的东西。令她惊讶的是，所有的孩子都毫不犹豫地捐了一些东西，她惊讶得张大了嘴
巴。安妮的哥哥见安妮把她最喜欢的玩具放进盒子里，脸上闪过一丝惊讶。他睁大眼睛盯着
她，随后站起身来，回到自己的房间，拿着他最喜欢的玩具跑回客厅。玛丽难以置信地看着
她的孩子们在做什么，又惊又喜，简直不敢相信。玛丽突然笑了起来，心想：“我的孩子们
多慷慨啊！他们愿意去帮助别人。”
高考题型组合练
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
My husband and I always wanted to go to the Caribbean but didn’t know much about the
islands or how we were going to afford it.By chance，a friend of ours in Australia mentioned
“pet sitting” and that it is something you can do all over the world.
We quickly created an account on a pet sitting website and began searching for options.There
were only a couple of sits available in that part of the world，but we tried our luck，sent a
request，and to our surprise landed a three-month job in Grenada，so our year was going to be
taken up with Caribbean pet sits.
Inspired by a Canadian couple，we decided to start our own travel blog.We began by writing
about the Virgin Islands，highlighting the beautiful beaches.However，for every photo album of a
beautiful beach，there were 10 photos of trash(垃圾)．It was hard to ignore the plastic pollution
issue，especially on such primitive and remote beaches.So，we began to share photos of the trashwe saw and how much we could pick up on our daily dog walks.
The more we looked into plastic pollution，the more we realized the severity of the global
plastic pollution.From that point，we used our platform to create awareness and highlight ways to
say no to plastic and travel plastic-free.We changed our daily routines，our way of living，and
even our diets to accommodate more organic foods and little to no plastic packaging.
It’s been over three years now and we continue to do what we can.This journey has led us to
some amazing places，working with great brands and even organizing a country-wide beach clean-
up campaign in Grenada.
Our aim now is to keep on going.We love connecting with like-minded people.It’s been
amazing few years that was sparked by a conversation about pet sitting.Who would have guessed?
语篇解读 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为一次宠物看护工作去了一座很美丽的小
岛，但是小岛却被塑料所污染，之后作者一直致力于环境保护工作。
1．Why did the author do pet sitting?
A．To raise fund.
B．To protect the environment.
C．To cover travel expenses.
D．To shoot beautiful beaches.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“My husband and I always wanted to go to the Caribbean
but didn’t know much about the islands or how we were going to afford it.”可知，作者做“宠
物看护”的工作是为了支付自己和丈夫旅行的费用。故选C。
2．What does the author intend to convey through her story?
A．Pet sitting is a new type of occupation.
B．The Caribbean is an ideal travel destination.
C．Travel blog is a superb way to gain popularity.
D．Action should be taken to fight plastic pollution.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段末句“So，we began to share photos of the trash we saw and
how much we could pick up on our daily dog walks.”和第四段首句“The more we looked into
plastic pollution，the more we realized the severity of the global plastic pollution.”可推知，作者
想通过自己的故事告诉读者应该采取措施应对塑料污染。故选D。
3．How did the author find her experience in the Caribbean?
A．Significant. B．Challenging.
C．Adventurous. D．Terrible.
答案 A解析 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“This journey has led us to some amazing places，
working with great brands and even organizing a country-wide beach clean-up campaign in
Grenada.”可推知，作者认为自己在加勒比的经历是非常有意义的。故选A。
4．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Changing Lifestyles by Pet Sitting
B．Unexpected Gains from Pet Sitting Travel
C．Dealing with Global Environmental Pollution
D．The Availability of Pet Sitting in the Caribbean
答案 B
解析 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者因为一次宠物看护工作去了一座很
美丽的小岛，但是小岛却被塑料所污染，所以作者把看到的垃圾分享到网络上，希望唤起人
们的环保意识，之后作者一直致力于环境保护工作。B项“宠物看护之旅的意外收获”可以
概括文章大意，适合作为本文的标题。故选B。
B
(2024·山东潍坊期末)
In the endless sky，the unaided human eye should be able to perceive several thousand stars
on a clear，dark night.Unfortunately，growing light pollution has disabled people from the nightly
view.
New citizen-science-based research throws alarming light on the problem of “sky glow”—
the diffuse illumination(漫射照明) of the night sky that is a form of light pollution.The data came
from crowd-sourced observations collected from around the world as part of Globe at Night，a
program developed by astronomer Connie Walker.
Light pollution has harmful effects on the practice of astronomy but also on human health and
wildlife，since it disturbs the cycle from sunlight to starlight that biological systems have evolved
alongside.Furthermore，the loss of visible stars is a great loss of human cultural heritage.Until
relatively recently，humans throughout history had an impressive view of the starry night sky，
and the effect of this nightly spectacle(壮观景象) is evident in ancient cultures.
Globe at Night has been gathering data on star visibility since 2006.Anyone can submit
observations through the Globe at Night web application.Participants record which one best
matches what they can see in the sky without any telescopes or other instruments.
Researchers find that the loss of visible stars indicates an increase in sky brightness of 9.6%
per year while roughly 2% is measured by satellites.Existing satellites are not well suited to
measuring sky glow as it appears to humans，because they can not detect wavelengths shorter than
500 nanometers(纳米)．White LEDs，with shorter wavelengths under 500 nanometers，now are
increasingly commonly used in outdoor lighting.But human eyes are more sensitive to these shorter
wavelengths at nighttime.Space-based instruments do not measure light from windows，either.Butthese sources are significant contributors to sky glow as seen from the ground.
“The increase in sky glow over the past decade underlines the importance of redoubling our
efforts and developing new strategies to protect dark skies，” said Walker.“The Globe at Night
dataset is necessary in our ongoing evaluation of changes in sky glow，and we encourage whoever
can to get involved to help protect the starry night sky.”
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了光污染正在夺走我们的夜空，使得星星在我
们眼前消失，并呼吁更多的人加入保护夜空的行动。
5．What is a purpose of Globe at Night?
A．To develop new light sources.
B．To collect data on star visibility.
C．To help astronomers explore space.
D．To popularize science among citizens.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段第二句和第四段中“Globe at Night has been gathering data on
star visibility since 2006.”可知，“夜晚观星”项目的目的是收集星星能见度的数据。故选
B。
6．What does the loss of visible stars lead to?
A．Poorer human health.
B．Fewer wildlife species.
C．More delicate biological systems.
D．Less nightly culture elements of the sky.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Furthermore，the loss of visible stars is a great loss of
human cultural heritage.”可知，可见星星的缺失会导致更少的夜空文化元素。故选D。
7．What does the author stress in paragraph 5?
A．Satellites play a vital role.
B．White LEDs are widely used.
C．Crowd-sourced data are invaluable.
D．Shorter wavelengths are hard to detect.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第五段内容尤其是“But human eyes are more sensitive to these
shorter wavelengths...contributors to sky glow as seen from the ground.”可知，人眼可以更敏锐
地观测到一些设备无法观测的光污染源，由此可推断，作者在第五段中强调了众源数据是非
常有价值的。故选C。8．What can be inferred from Walker’s words?
A．Their consistent efforts pay off.
B．The dataset needs to be updated.
C．More participants are expected to join in.
D．The sky glow has been over-emphasized.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“The Globe at Night dataset is necessary in our ongoing
evaluation of changes in sky glow，and we encourage whoever can to get involved to help protect
the starry night sky.”可推断，Walker期望有更多的参与者加入保护夜空的行动。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Sports are important in our family.Both of our sons were high-school 1 .So I shouldn’t
have been 2 when Lauren announced she was going out for the girls’ basketball team.But I
was because she had Down syndrome(唐氏综合征)．
My wife and I never told Lauren that she was 3 .We treated her like our other children.We
didn’t want her to feel disabled.
I discussed Lauren’s 4 with my wife that evening.She thought Lauren would make the
team and she was right.Lauren did 5 it because not all the girls wanted to play.
The season’s first basketball game 6 .It kicked off to a good start，but soon Verden，
Lauren’s team，was behind.Lauren 7 followed the movement on the court and reacted to
every 8 .Even though Lauren wasn’t playing，she looked as if she were having the time of
her life.I felt 9 for my daughter.
Just less than two minutes were left，and Verden was down by seventeen points when Lauren
was called in for the game.Lauren 10 the others fairly well.Then they passed Lauren the
ball.She 11 it.She shot.She scored! A few minutes later，Lauren 12 us in the
stands.“Did you see？I scored! I made a 13 ！”
For sixteen years，I’d tried hard to 14 Lauren from feeling like she was different.But
watching Lauren in the game，I saw that she really was different—not physically or emotionally，
but 15 .
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述作者的女儿患有唐氏综合征，但是她仍然参加
了女子篮球队，在一次比赛中，她还进球了，作者对女儿感到佩服。
1．A.athletes B．rescuers
C．reporters D．teachers
答案 A
解析 根据上文“Sports are important in our family.”可推知，作者的两个儿子都是高中运动
员。故选A。2．A.depressed B．embarrassed
C．disappointed D．surprised
答案 D
解析 根据上文“Sports are important in our family.Both of our sons were high-school .”
可知，作者家里有运动氛围，所以当劳伦宣布她要参加女子篮球队时，作者本不应该感到惊
讶。故选D。
3．A.normal B．different
C．ordinary D．typical
答案 B
解析 根据上文“But I was because she had Down syndrome(唐氏综合征)．”可知，她是和
别人不同的。故选B。
4．A.arrangement B．preference
C．announcement D．proposal
答案 C
解析 根据上文“when Lauren announced she was going out for the girls’ basketball team”可
知，此处指当晚作者和妻子讨论了劳伦的声明。故选C。
5．A.approve B．predict
C．make D．favour
答案 C
解析 根据下文“not all the girls wanted to play”可知，劳伦成功了，因为不是所有的女孩
都想打篮球。故选C。
6．A.appeared B．arrived
C．changed D．remained
答案 B
解析 根据下文“It kicked off to a good start，but soon Verden，Lauren’s team，was
behind.”可知，本赛季的第一场篮球赛到来了。故选B。
7．A.attentively B．carelessly
C．frequently D．repeatedly
答案 A
解析 根据下文“followed the movement on the court and reacted to every”可知，劳伦专注地
注视着球场上的动作。故选A。
8．A.team B．shout
C．game D．shot
答案 D
解析 根据上文“followed the movement on the court and reacted to every”可知，劳伦专注地注视着球场上的动作，对每一次投篮都作出反应。故选D。
9．A.regret B．anxiety
C．admiration D．sympathy
答案 C
解析 根据上文“Even though Lauren wasn’t playing，she looked as if she were having the
time of her life.”可知，作者对女儿的表现表示钦佩。故选C。
10．A.gave way to B．kept pace with
C．put up with D．broke away from
答案 B
解析 根据下文“Then they passed Lauren the ball.”可知，劳伦与其他人的步调配合得相当
好。故选B。
11．A.threw B．missed
C．caught D．cast
答案 C
解析 根据下文“She shot.She scored！”可知，她接住了球并投篮成功。故选C。
12．A.challenged B．greeted
C．left D．joined
答案 D
解析 根据上文“A few minutes later”和下文“in the stands”可知，比赛结束了，劳伦在看
台上加入了作者他们。故选D。
13．A.mistake B．basket
C．mess D．record
答案 B
解析 根据上文“I scored！”可知，劳伦说自己进球得分了，“make a basket”意为“投篮
得分”。故选B。
14．A.shelter B．prohibit
C．discourage D．excuse
答案 A
解析 根据下文“Lauren from feeling like she was different”可知，作者一直努力不让劳伦觉
得自己与他人不一样。shelter在此为动词，意为“保护”。故选A。
15．A.socially B．consciously
C．literally D．spiritually
答案 D
解析 根据上文“not physically or emotionally”并结合劳伦的行为可知，作者发现女儿真的
与众不同——不是身体上或情感上的，而是精神上的。故选D。Ⅲ.语法填空
Victor Hugo said，“The most important quality for a man is kindness.” Why is kindness
important?
Kindness is 1. type of behavior marked by acts of generosity，consideration，
or concern for others，without 2. (expect) praise or reward.
Aristotle defined kindness 3. “helpfulness towards someone in need，not in
return for anything，nor for the advantage of the helper himself,4. for that of the
person helped”．
5． (base) on experiments at Yale University using games with babies，some
studies made a 6. (conclude) that kindness is native to human beings.Researchers
also carried out some other similar 7. (study) about the root of empathy(同理心)
developing in the early months of life 8. (find) out the easy concern shown by
children for their peers in distress.
It is the first time that Barbara Taylor and Adam Phillips 9. (stress) the element
of necessary realism in adult kindness，as well as the way “real kindness changes people in the
doing of it，often in unpredictable ways”．
Kindness is important because if everyone is kind，the whole world will be harmonious and
10.__________ (benefit) to everyone.
1．答案 a
解析 考查冠词。a type of为固定短语，意为“一种……”，故填a。
2．答案 expecting
解析 考查非谓语动词。介词without后应接动名词作宾语。故填expecting。
3．答案 as
解析 考查介词。此处为动词短语define...as...“将……定义为……”，故填as。
4．答案 but
解析 考查连词。 本空与前文的not构成“not...but...”结构，意为“不是……而是……”，
故填but。
5．答案 Based
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，此处为非谓语动词作状语，动词 base和逻辑主语
some studies为被动关系，所以用过去分词形式。位于句首，首字母需大写。故填Based。
6．答案 conclusion
解析 考查名词。不定冠词a后应用单数名词，故填conclusion。
7．答案 studies
解析 考查名词复数。由空前some可知，此处用可数名词复数，故填studies。
8．答案 to find解析 考查非谓语动词。根据句意可知，此处为动词不定式to do 作目的状语，故填to
find。
9．答案 have stressed
解析 考查时态及主谓一致。 分析句子可知，空处作谓语，句型“It is the first time that...”
通常与现在完成时连用，主语Barbara Taylor and Adam Phillips为复数名词，和动词stress为
主动关系。故填have stressed。
10．答案 beneficial
解析 考查形容词。由该句中的be动词以及and连接的harmonious可知，此处也应为形容
词形式，构成并列表语成分。故填beneficial。
