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专题 09 定语从句
目录
01考情透视·目标导航..........................................................................................................2
02知识导图·思维引航..........................................................................................................3
03考点突破·考向探究..........................................................................................................4
考点一 考查限制性定语从句中的关系代词.......................................................................4
【真题研析】.....................................................................................................................................................4
【核心精讲】.....................................................................................................................................................4
【命题预测】.....................................................................................................................................................6
考点二 考查限制性定语从句中的关系副词........................................................................6
【真题研析】.....................................................................................................................................................6
【核心精讲】.....................................................................................................................................................6
【命题预测】.....................................................................................................................................................7
考点三 考查非限制性定语从句的关系词....................................................................................................7
【真题研析】.....................................................................................................................................................7
【核心精讲】.....................................................................................................................................................8
【命题预测】..................................................................................................................................................10
考点四 考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句...............................................................................11
【真题研析】..................................................................................................................................................11【核心精讲】..................................................................................................................................................11
【命题预测】..................................................................................................................................................12
04 重难点突破 定语从句基本知识的综合运用................................................................12
定语从句
考点 目标要求 考题统计及展示 考情分析
（2024·新高考I卷）64.which或that
熟练掌握限制
性定语从句中
（2024年1月浙江高考真题）58.which或that
考查限制性定
的关系代词的 （2023·全国乙卷）which/that
语从句中的关
用法，通晓先
系代词
行词在定语从
(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷)that
句作的成分
从近三年高考试
熟练掌握限制 题来看，试题以语法
性定语从句中 （2020新课标I卷）where 填空的形式命题，题
考查限制性定
的关系副词的 目中等偏易，以考查
语从句中的关 （2021天津卷）when
用法及先行词 学生对有关定语从句
系副词
在定语从句中 的理解和应用，强化
作的成分 语言运用能力和语境
理解。
(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)36.who
预计在 2025 年高
(2024·全国甲卷50.which
考查非限制性 掌握非限制性 考中，以语法填空的
定语从句的关 定语从句的关 （2023·全国甲卷）as 形式命题。定语从句
系词 系词的用法 是常考点。
（2023·全国甲卷）where
（2022·全国甲卷）who
考查根据语境
选择恰当的形
考查“介词＋
容词和副词， （2021·天津卷3月）from which
关系代词”引
核心是语言的 (2020·江苏卷)from which
导的定语从句
准确性和得体
性考点一 考查限制性定语从句中的关系代词
1．(2024·新高考Ⅰ卷)The Glasshouse stands as a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the
plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route 64
brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the richness of gardening in
England.
2.（2024 年 1 月浙江高考真题）Of course, shops are not charities — they price goods in the way 58
will make them the most money.
3.（2023·全国乙卷）But for all its ancient buildings, Beijing is also a place ______welcomes the fast-paced
development of modern life,with 21st-century architectural wonders standing side by side with historical buildings
of the past.
4.(2023年新高考Ⅰ卷) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species ______ live
within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
只用that而不用which的情况
当先行词是all，much，little，few，everything等不定代词或被不定代词修饰时。
There is nothing that we can do now.现在我们什么也做不了。
定语从句中的关系代词
1.关系代词的基本用法关系代词 先行词 在从句中的作用
who 人 主语、宾语
whom 人 宾语
which 物 主语、宾语
that 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
whose 人或物 定语
as 人或物 主语、宾语、表语
2．只用that不用which引导定语从句的情况
(1)先行词为不定代词anything, nothing, something, everything, all, some, none, little, few, the one等时。
◆I refuse to accept the blame for something that was someone else's fault.
我拒绝接受因别人的错误而对我进行的指责。
(2)先行词是形容词最高级或序数词，或先行词前有形容词最高级或序数词修饰时。
◆The first place that they visited in Guilin was Elephant Trunk Hill.
他们在桂林参观的第一个地方是象鼻山。
(3)先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same, any, every, each, few, little, no, some, all等修饰时。
◆The only part of the meal that I really liked was the dessert.
这顿饭只有甜点是我真正爱吃的。
(4)先行词中既有表示人又有表示物的名词时。
◆They will never forget the things and persons that they've seen or heard of during their long journey.
他们将永远不会忘记在他们的长途旅行中见到或听说过的人和事。
3．as和which的区别
关系代词as和which都可以用来引导非限制性定语从句，指代主句或主句中的名词或短语，一般情况
下二者可互换使用，但有下列区别：
(1)which引导的非限制性定语从句只能位于主句之后，as引导的从句可位于主句之前、之中和之后。
①As anybody can see, a computer can do almost everything people can.
＝A computer can do almost everything people can，as anybody can see.任何人都明白，计算机几乎能做
人所能做的一切事。
②Therefore, this time I will introduce Tang Poetry to you, which is of great help in learning Chinese.因此，
这次我将向你介绍唐诗，这将非常有助于你学习汉语。
(2)as常用的这种类似插入语的句式有：
as the saying goes, as is said above, as is mentioned above, as often happens, as is often the case, as is reported
in the newspaper等。
She passed the exam, as was expected.
她通过了考试，这是预料之中的事。(1)whom、which、that在从句中作宾语时可省略；但介词提前时不能省略，也不能用that；
(2)as用在限制性定语从句中时，常用于下列句式：such＋名词＋as(像……一样的，像……之类的)；the
same＋名词＋as(和……同样的)。
Such machines as are used in our workshop are made in China.
像在我们车间使用的机器是中国制造的。
1.（2025·湖北省重点高中智学联盟高三联考）During the Warring States period, people lived along
the banks of the Min River were troubled by annual flooding.
2.（2025·广东省部分学校高三大联考）By comparing the plant with several known Oreocharis species, the
researchers have confirmed it is a new species has many unique characteristics.
3.（2025·甘青宁三省多校高三九月联考）In the most southwestern part of China, the mountainous Yunnan
province, you can see wild tea trees have stood there for thousands of years.
考点二 考查限制性定语从句中的关系副词
1.（2020新课标I卷）Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had
to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot __________ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
2.（2021天津卷）In the spring, a season ________ we are learning new rhythms of life，many of us find
comfort in the natural world.
定语从句中的关系副词
关系副词引导的定语从句在从句中
关系副词 先行词
的作用
when 时间名词 时间状语
where 地点名词或抽象名词(situation, point, activity，case, stage等) 地点状语
why the reason 原因状语
①We will put off the picnic in the park until next week, when the weather may be better.
我们将把在公园的野餐推迟到下周，届时天气可能会更好。
②Students should involve themselves in community activities where they can gain experience for growth.
学生们应该参加社团活动，在这些活动中他们可以获得成长的经验。
当先行词为situation、case、stage、point等，且关系词在定语从句中作状语时，也要用关系副词where引
导。
1.（2025·辽宁省名校联盟（东北三省三校）高三联考）On the other hand, the Chinese Spring Festival is a
festival marking the turn of the calendar year. It’s a time ________ millions of people travel home to be with their
families, engaging in traditions such as cleaning houses, cooking special dishes, and setting off fireworks.
2.（2025·辽宁省普通高中高三期中）It has become a cultural landmark of the Yellow River Basin
visitors can view the river passing through the city and watch exhibitions showing its long history and diverse
cultures.
3.（2025·吉林长春模拟）The girl refused to tell the reason _________she became interested in the film.
考点三 考查非限制性定语从句的关系词
1．(2024·新高考Ⅱ卷)Chinese cultural elements commemorating (纪念) Tang Xianzu, ___36___ is known as
“the Shakespeare of Asia,” add an international character to Stratford-upon-Avon, William Shakespeare’s
hometown.
2.(2024·全国甲卷)Yellowstone was the largest United States national park—2.2 million acres—until Wrangell-
Saint Elias in southern Alaska, 50 became a national monument in 1978, took the honors as anational park in 1980 with 12.3 million acres.
3.（2023·全国甲卷）Yet, the form of the fable still has values today, Rachel Carson says in “A
Fable for Tomorrow”.
which与as引导非限制性定语从句的三点区别：
4.（2023·全国甲卷）Carson uses a simple, direct style common to fable. In fact, her style and tone (口吻) are
seemingly directed at children. “There was once a town in the heart of America, all life seemed to
enjoy peaceful co-existence with its surroundings,” her fable begins, borrowing some familiar words from many
age-old fables.
5.（2022·全国甲卷）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ______ lost his eyesight at the
age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
非限制性定语从句
1．功能、特点和引导词
•功能：可修饰名词，也可修饰整个主句，对它们起补充说明作用
•特点：用逗号与被修饰的名词或句子隔开
关系代词 which, whom, who, whose, as
关系副词 when, where, why
2.关系代词和关系副词的使用
(1)用来修饰名词的非限制性定语从句•引导词在任何情况下都不能省略
•不能用that作引导词
•除上述两点外，和限制性定语从句的使用方法一样
①Last week we went to the nearby park, where we had a good time.
上周我们去了附近的公园，在那里玩得很高兴。
②He is reading a letter, which came from his friend.
他正在看一封他的朋友寄来的信。
(2)用来修饰整个句子的非限制性定语从句
•which引导的定语从句，可修饰整个句子
位置：放在主句后面
意义：这一点，这件事
•as引导的定语从句，可修饰整个句子
位置：主句前、中、后都可以
意义：正如
①He passed the exam, which made his parents happy.
他通过了考试，这使他父母很高兴。
②As you can see, we're still working.
正如你看到的，我们仍在工作。
(3)定语从句中的主谓一致
•关系代词在句中作主语，从句谓语动词的单复数与先行词保持一致
•先行词为“one of＋复数名词”时，从句谓语动词用复数形式；先行词为“the (only/very/right) one of
＋复数名词”结构时，从句谓语动词用单数形式
①This is the suggestion which I think is very valuable.
这是我认为非常有价值的建议。
②He is one of the students who are praised by the teacher. 他是老师表扬的学生之一。(比较：He is the
only one of the students who is praised by the teacher. 他是唯一受到老师表扬的学生。)
限制性与非限制性定语从句的区别
限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句
与先行词关系不密切，是一种补充说明，删除后不
与先行词关系密切，删除后影响整个意思的表达
影响整个意思的表达
不用逗号分开 一般用逗号分开
可用关系代词that 不可用关系代词that
关系代词that，who，which/whom在从句中作宾语时 关系代词不可以省略可以省略
关系代词whom作宾语时可用who或that替代 关系代词不能替代
读时不停顿 读时停顿，用降调
既可修饰名词或代词，也可以修饰句子，用逗号分
只可以修饰名词或代词，不可以修饰句子
开。
1.（2025·广东省清远市高三上学期一模）“This exhibition is really significant, 44 brings a rare
opportunity for New Zealanders to engage with one of the most important cultural and religious sites in the world
and facilitates people-to-people exchanges, ” said New Zealand parliament member Jenny Salesa.
2.（2025·安徽省皖豫名校联盟高三十月联考）“I had prepared for this concert for nearly a year. I am very
proud and excited to display the traditional Chinese musical instrument in Cuba and communicate with local
musicians,” said Hu, ____61____ went through a journey of over 50 hours from Shanghai to Havana.
2.（2025·江苏省海门中学高三第一次调研）Tang’s stories, which have consistently entertained his fellow
countrymen over the centuries, nowadays delight audiences from around the world visiting his hometown, 62
the international theater exchange programs are currently hosted.
3.（2025·江苏省南京市六校联合体期中）It begins with the memories of Gao Shi, also a renowned poet
, name alone can evoke (引起，唤起) legends.
4.（2025·河南省河南部分重点高中高三大联考）Is stand-up back? That’s the question Chinese comedy fans
found themselves asking last month, streamers iQiyi and Tencent Video launched “King of Comedy:
Stand-up Season” and “Stand-up Comedy and Friends”, respectively.
5.（2025·山东省第一次备考监测联考）______ everyone knows, the Silk Road symbolizes the friendship
between European and Asian peoples, With a history stretching over 2,000 years, the origins of the Silk Road in
China trace back to the Han Dynasty.考点四 考查“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句
1．（2021·天津卷3月） William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes from ________
we can learn without repeating them.
2．(2020·江苏卷)Many lessons are now available online, from__________students can choose for free.
1. “介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。
Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon/on which school education depends.
一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。
September 30 is the day by which you must pay your bill.在9月30日之前你必须缴付账单。
2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整
体的关系。
Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears, none of which has been
proved.
科学家们提出了很多关于人类为什么哭泣时流泪的理论，这些理论尚未得到证实。
Many young people，most of whom were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their
dreams.
很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中的大部分都受过良好的教育。
3. 在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以换为“the＋名词＋of which”；修饰人时，可以换为
“the＋名词＋of whom”。
The newly-built café， the walls of which (＝whose walls) are painted light green, is really a
peaceful place for us, especially after hard work.
这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。
“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句1. “介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句时，介词的宾语只能用which或whom，且不能省略。
Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon/on which school education depends.
一些专家认为阅读是学校教育所依赖的基本技能。
2．“名词/不定代词/数词/形容词比较级或最高级＋of＋which/whom”引导的定语从句，表示部分与整
体的关系。
Many young people，most of whom were well-educated, headed for remote regions to chase their dreams.
很多年轻人都去了偏远地区追求自己的梦想，他们中的大部分都受过良好的教育。
3. 在非限制性定语从句中，whose修饰物时可以换为“the＋名词＋of which”；修饰人时，可以换为
“the＋名词＋of whom”。
The newly-built café， the walls of which (＝whose walls) are painted light green, is really a peaceful place
for us, especially after hard work.
这家新建成的咖啡馆，墙被刷成了浅绿色，对我们来说，真是一个安静的地方，特别是在辛苦工作后。
1.（2025·广东省茂名市区域高三联考）The dances, through people can improve coordination and
heart health, involve detailed footwork and rhythmic movements.
2.（2024·江苏省南师大灌云附中、灌南二中阶段性联考） There are many different types of quyi-
performance in China, such as comic dialogues, degu, pingshu and shuanghuang, among the crosstalk is
most popular,
3.（2024·湖北省宜荆荆随10月联考）It took them six months to decide on how to restore the books, most of
have suffered damage to their original binding.
04 重难点突破 定语从句基本知识的综合运用
定语从句考点的解题关键：
1．认识主句结构
主句结构完整，定语从句通常是修饰、说明和限制主句中的主语、宾语或表语。
2．避免成分重复在定语从句中，不管是关系代词还是关系副词，都已经代替先行词在定语从句中充当了某一成分，关
系代词通常充当主语、宾语、表语等；关系副词通常充当状语。因此，定语从句中不能再出现与关系代词
或关系副词相重复的成分。
3．确定句子成分
首先要结合选项对题干进行整体感知，确定定语从句的位置及其涉及的内容；其次，根据定语从句中
所缺少的成分，分析关系词在定语从句中所作的成分，然后选出正确的选项。
4．弄清逻辑线索
在突破有关“介词＋关系代词”类型的定语从句试题时，一方面，分析定语从句中的谓语动词(该动词
是不及物动词)习惯上常与什么介词搭配使用。另一方面，要考虑和先行词的搭配习惯。弄清“动词——介
词——先行词”的线索对正确地确定介词非常关键。
5．“分隔式”定语从句
先行词和从句部分被谓语或状语等成分分隔时，应先把“分隔”成分分离出来，简化题干结构，再分
析解答。
6．留心标点符号
有无逗号把定语从句分为限制性和非限制性两种。充分运用逗号所表达的逻辑结构和意义，对正确掌
握定语从句、准确理解语境意义很有帮助。
7．注意三大从句的区别
定语从句前必须有先行词；状语从句修饰谓语动词或整个句子；而名词性从句则是单独充当主语、表
语、宾语或同位语。
8．弄清位置和意义
在as或which引导的定语从句中，要注意两者引导的定语从句在整句中的位置；注意两者在翻译时的
不同表达。
定语从句考点的解题注意事项：
1．确定是定语从句
空处无提示词，且空前的主句完整；空后的句子不完整，且对空前的某一名词或代词起限定作用，就
要考虑填定语从句关系词。
2．掌握三步法解题技巧
(1)分清限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句。
①先行词的后面出现逗号，是非限制性定语从句。
②that不能引导非限制性定语从句。
③which引导非限制性定语从句，可以代表主句的全部或部分内容；代表整个主句时，which意为“这
一点”。
④as引导非限制性定语从句，可置于句中或句首，意为“正如”。其后的谓语动词多是be seen, be
known, be reported, be mentioned, be said, be often the case等。
(2)寻找先行词，判断属性(指人还是指物，表示时间，地点，还是原因)。①先行词指人：that/who/whom/whose；
②先行词指物：that/which/whose；
③表示时间/地点/原因：when/where/why。
(3)判断定语从句所缺成分，确定关系词。
①缺少主语：that/which/who；
②缺少动词的宾语：that/which/who/whom；
③缺少定语：whose；
④缺少时间、地点或原因状语时分别用when、where、why。
1．that与which的区别
(1)只用which不用that的情况：
①当关系代词前面有介词或介词短语时；
②引导非限制性定语从句时。
(2)只用that不用which的情况：
①当先行词是all、everything、nothing、something、few、little、much等不定代词时；
②当先行词被序数词、形容词的最高级或the very、the only、any、the last等修饰时；
③先行词既有人又有物时。
2．which与as
关系词 which as
位置上 只能放在主句的后面 位置灵活，可置于句首、句中，也可置于句末
无动词的 谓语动词通常是表示感觉或心理活动的动词，如
搭配上
限制
see、hear、know、expect、remember等
意思上 意为“这一点” 表示“正如……”“正像……的那样”
语法填空
（2024·浙江省浙江省金丽衢十二校高三第一次联考）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单
词或括号内单词的正确形式。（标黄题号为本专题考点）
Paris 2024 will be remembered as much for athletes’ medal-winning performances as for Chinese technology
companies’ contributions. Chinese firms applied cloud computing and artificial intelligence in fields ranging from1 (immerse) live broadcast experiences to athletes’ training.
Experts say the participation of Chinese companies in the sporting events 2 (demonstrate) their
independent innovation capabilities. This will help improve their internationally 3 (recognize) influence
while boosting their global competitiveness.
During the Paris Games, more than two-thirds of live broadcast signals were transmitted by Alibaba Cloud,
4 worldwide partner of the Paris Olympics. A record-breaking 11,000 hours of Olympics scenes 5
(distribute) to more than 200 countries and regions so far with the help of Alibaba Cloud’s global cloud
infrastructure. Meanwhile, Paris 2024 was the first Summer Olympics 6 (see) the extensive use of AI
technology.
Thomas Bach, the IOC president, highlighted the key areas 7 AI has been applied at this year’s
Olympics. These include safeguarding against cyber abuse, creating video highlights in multiple formats and
languages, 8 implementing a data capture system.
It was Baidu Inc, a Chinese tech giant, that prepared 9 is called AI-powered auxiliary training system
for China’s national diving team, helping them achieve good results. “The AI system allows timely playback and
scoring,” said Quan Hongchan, champion of the women’s 10-meter platform diving event, 10 (add) the
system can be used to refine a diver’s movements during daily training, providing her with additional coaching
support.
