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人教版(新标准)初中英语知识点精析
九年级上册 Unit 8
It must belong to Carla. 它一定属于卡拉。
重点
● 熟练运用情态动词表示推测的语法知识,能够处理练习题
难点
● 情态动词表推测
重点语法
● 情态动词表示推测的用法
Section A
重点单词
whose 谁的 truck 卡车;货车
picnic 野餐 rabbit 免;野兔
attend 出席;参加 valuable 贵重的;很有用的;宝贵
的
pink 粉红色的;粉红色 anybody 任何人
noise 声音;噪音 policeman 男警察
wolf 狼 laboratory 实验室
coat 外套;外衣 sleepy 困倦的;睡的
重点短语
at first 起初
1belong to 属于 nothing /not much 没什么事
pick up 拾起,捡起 in the neighborhood 在社区里
重点句型
1.It must be Carla's. 它一定是卡拉的。
2. Nothing much ever happened around here.这周围不曾发生过什么事情。
3. One woman in the area saw something running away.
这个地区的一位女士看到有什么东西跑掉了。
Section B
重点单词
land 着陆;降落
suit 西服;套装;适合
express 表示;表达
circle 圆圈;圈出
Britain 大不列颠 receive 接待;接受;收到
leader 领导;领袖
medical 医疗的;医学的
purpose 目的;目标
prevent 阻止;阻挠
energy 精力
position 位置;地方
victory 胜利;成功
enemy 敌人;仇人
period 一段时间;时期
重点短语
run after 追逐;追赶
communicate with sb.与某人交流/沟
not only... but also. 不但 … …
通
而
arrive in 到达
且 … .
point out 指出;指明
at the same time 同时; 一起
2in a certain way 以某种特定的方式 take photos 照相
a period of time 一段时间
watch movies 看电影
wait for 等……… ;等候
重点句型
1. Stonehenge, a rock circle, is not only one of Britain's most famous
historical places but also one of its greatest mysteries.
巨石阵, 一个岩石圈,不仅是英国的最著名的历史古迹之一,而且还是最大的奥秘
之一。
2."The leaders arrived in England much later," he points out.
"那些首领抵达英国是很久以后的事了,"他指出。
3. The large stones were put together in a certain way.
这些巨石以某种特定的方式被放在一起。
4.They think the stones can prevent illness and keep people healthy.
他们认为这些石头能防病,并使人们保持健康。
Section A
1. It must be Carta's.它一定是卡拉的。
要点精析
must be"一定是"。情态动词 must 除表示“必须”外,还表示推断,通常与 be
连用,意为“一定是,准是”。 must 这种表示推测的用法只用于肯定句中。
例:There must be something wrong with the computer.
电脑一定是出了什么毛病。
知识拓展
①含有 must be 的句子变为否定句时,需把 must be 改为 can't be。
3例:We must be wrong. 我们一定是错了。
否定句: We can't be wrong. 我们不可能错了。
②can't be 意为“不可能是”,表示有把握的否定的推测。
例:That man can't be Mr Wang. He is in hospital.
那个人不可能是王先生,他在住院。
链接中考
(四川广安中考)-Look! It be David in the classroom.
-t be him. Because I saw him in the library a moment ago.
A.may; mustn't B.must; can't C. can; can't D.mustn't; can
解析:句意:"看!一定是大卫在教室里。”"不可能是他。因为刚才我在图书馆看到
他了。”表示有把握的肯定的推测用must; 表示有把握的否定的推测用 can't。选 B。
2.J.K. Rowling is her favorite writer.J.K.罗琳是她最喜欢的作家。
要点精析
writer意为“作者,作家”,与 author 同义。
例:They have raised a monument in memory of the great writer.
他们修建了一座纪念来纪念这位伟大的作家。
辨析 writer 与 author
writer 一般指以写作为职业的人,侧重于职业
author 泛指用自己的名字或笔名发表过作品的人,不强调是否以写作为职业,多用
于表示某本书或某篇文章的作者
例:Lu Xun is a famous writer in our country.鲁迅是我国著名的作家。
The author of the book is my uncle.这本书的作者是我叔叔。
3.The hair band might belong to Linda.这个发带可能属于琳达。
4要点精析
belong to意为“属于”,不用于进行时态,也不用于被动语态;后接组织作宾语时,
表示“是……的一员”。
例:The islands belong to Spain. 这些岛屿隶属西班牙。
I belong to the swimming club.我是游泳俱乐部的一员。
辨析 belong to 与 be
belong to 表示某物“属于”某人,后常跟名词或代词宾格,不能跟名词性物主代
词或名词所有格
be 表示“是”某人的,后接名词性物主代词或名词所有格
例:This watch belongs to me.=This watch is mine.这块手表是我的。
That pen belongs to Linda.=That pen is Linda's.那支钢笔是琳达的。
链接中考
(四川南充中考) The green dictionary belong to. Her name is on it.
A.may; Carlas B.must; Carla C.can't; Carla D.must; Carla's
解析:由后句句意“她的名字在上面”可知,"这本绿色的词典一定属于卡拉"。表
示有把的肯定的猜测用must; belong to 后可跟名词,但不能跟名词所有格。选B。
4. What's wrong? 怎么了?
要点精析
What's wrong(with.)? 意为“( ……)怎么了?",常用来询问某人遇到了什
么麻烦事、患了什么疾病或某物出了什么问题等。
例:-What's wrong with you? 你怎么了?
- l lost some money. 我丢了一些钱。
知识拓展
表示“( ……)怎么了/出什么事了?”的常见句型还有:
5What's the matter (with .)?=What's the trouble (with.)?=What's
trouble?=What's the matter with you?=What's the trouble with you?
=What's your trouble? 你怎么了?
5.I attended a concert yesterday so it might still be in the music hall.
我昨天参加了一场音乐会,因此它可能还在音乐厅里。
要点精析
may/might 表示推测“可能性”时,意思是“可能,也许”,语气没有 must 肯定。
例:He may/might be American.他可能是美国人。
6. Do you have anything valuable in your schoolbag?
在你书包里有什么贵重的物品吗?
要点精析
anything 不定代词,通常用在否定句或一般疑问句中。 something 通常用于肯定
句中。形容词修饰它们时应后置。如:something unusual 不寻常的事情 something
special 特别的事情。
例:Have you found anything unusual? 你们发现不寻常的事情了吗?
链接中考
(湖南郴州中考)-Is there in today s newspaper?
-Yes. A terrible accident happened in Hubei.
A. special something B.anything special C.something special
解析:形容词修饰不定代词应后置; anything 通常用于否定句或一般疑问句中,
something 通常用于肯定句中。选 B。
7.So could it still be at the park? 那么它可能仍然在公园里吧?
6要点解析
could 可用于表示某事有可能发生或可能是事实。
例:Don't eat it.It could be poisonous. 不要吃它,它可能有毒。
8.I think somebody must have picked it up.我想一定有人捡到它了。
要点解析
pick up “捡起,拾起”代词作宾语时须放在 pick 和 up 中间,名词作宾语可以放
在pick 和 up 中间,也可以放在 pick 后面。
例:Look at the paper on the floor. Please pick it up.看地上的纸。请把它捡起来。
We can offer to pick the rubbish up/pick up the rubbish in the park.
我们可以主动在公园里捡垃圾。
She stopped to pick up her ID card. 她停下来捡起了她的身份证。
知识拓展
pick up 表达的意义很多,应根据语境灵活翻译。
例:Could you please pick me up at the hotel? 请你到旅馆来接我好吗?
Please pick up all your toys when you've finished playing.
你玩完之后请把玩具收拾好。
The children have picked up the local accent.
孩子们学会了当地的口音。
链接中考
(陕西中考)-Look! What's on the ground?
-Oh, it's my sweater. Please
A. pick it up B. put it on C. give it out
D. take it off
解析:句意:"看!在地上的是什么?"“哦,它是我的毛衣。请把它捡起来。”表示
“捡起,拾起”用 pick up。 选 A。
79. Nothing much ever happened around here.
这周围不曾发生过什么事情。
要点精析
someone, anyone, no one, everyone, something, everything, anything,
nothing 等复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式; either, neither,
each,
little,much 等不定代词作主语时,谓语动词也用单数形式。
例:No one goes to school during the vacation.假期里没有人去上学。
Nothing is yet certain.一切都还没有确定。
Neither was satisfactory.两者都不让人满意。
10..but my friends and I think it must be teenagers having fun.
……但我和我的朋友们认为那一定是青少年在嬉戏玩耍。
要点精析
must be having 是“情态动词+be+doing” 结构,表示猜测正在进行或发生的动
作。
例:Tom must be playing soccer on the playground now.
汤姆现在一定正在操场上踢足球。
I think you could be doing your homework at home.
我想你可能正在家里做作业。
11. Victor's next-door neighbor Helen is worried.
维克托的隔壁邻居海伦也很担忧。
要点精析
neighbor 名词,意为“邻居,邻人”。
例:We are neighbors now.我们现在是邻居了。
8知识拓展
neighborhood 名词,意为“街区;某街区的居民;所在地;邻近的地方”。
例:in the neighborhood 在附近
neighborhood school附近学校
neighborhood housing 邻近的房舍
12. One woman in the area saw something running away,...
这个地区的一位女士看到有什么东西跑掉了, ……
要点精析
see sb.doing sth.意为“看见某人正在做某事”。
例:His father saw him playing basketball. 他父亲看见他正在打篮球。
辨析 see sb. doing sth.与 see sb.do sth
see sb. doing sth. 意为”看见某人正在做某事”,侧重动作正在进行
see sb.do sth. 意为“看见某人做了某事”,侧重动作发生的全过程
例:I saw the boys playing on the playground.
我看见那些男孩儿正在操场上玩耍。
I saw an old man get off the bus.我看见一位老人下了公共汽车。
13. There must be something visiting the homes in our neighborhood,..
一定有什么东西造访了我们社区的几户人家, … …
要点精析 1
there must be 是 there be 句型与情态动词 must 连用,表示对现在情况的肯定
推测,意为"一定有 …… "。
例:There must be someone in the room.房间里一定有人。
知识拓展
9①由 there must be 构成的句子,其反意疑问句用 isn't there。
例:There must be a pen In your pocket, isn't there?
你的口袋里一定有支钢笔,是不是?
②there be 句型除有现在时和过去时形式外,还可以有完成时形式,其结构为"
there have been+名词"。
例:There have been some encouraging signs over the past couple of months.
在过去的几个月里有一些今人鼓舞的迹象。
要点精析 2
"There be+主语+ doing." 表示"有……在进行"。
例:There is someone knocking at the door.有人在敲门。
链接中考
(四川宜宾中考) Look! There are some birds n the sky. They are very
beautifu|.
A. to fly B.fly C. flying D. flown
解析:句意:看!天空中有几只鸟儿正在飞翔。它们非常美面。表示“有…在……”
用 There be+主语+ doing… "。 选 C。
14. Whenever I try to read this book, I feel sleepy.
无论我何时试图读这本书,我都感到困倦。
要点精析 1
whenever 连词,意为“在任何……的时候;无论何时”,相当于 no matter when,
引导让步状语从句。类似的词还有 whoever, whatever, wherever, however。
例:Don't change your plans, whatever happens.
无论发生什么,都不要改变你的计划。
10要点精析 2
sleepy 形容词,意为“困倦的”。
例:Because of tiredness, he is sleepy. 因为疲劳,他昏昏欲睡。
知识拓展
入睡 fall into asleep/go to sleep /fall asleep/be asleep
be asleep 意为“入睡,睡着(表示状态)”。
即学即试
I 单项填空
1. Harry's been driving all day— he be tired.
A.need B. can C. shall D. must
2. Life is changeable. No one knows what happen in the
future. D.might
A. should B.need C. have to
3. I'm busy now I have to do.
A. anything important B. something Important
C.important anything D.important something
4. I am in trouble, my best friend Li Lei always helps me.
A. Whenever B. Whatever C. However D. Never
5. When he saw a wallet on the ground, he at once.
A. picked it up B. gave it up C. picked up it D .gave up it
Ⅱ 根据汉语意思完成句子
1.我认为这本书一定属于芳芳。
I think this book Fangang.
2.汤姆可能不在教室,但我不敢肯定。
11Tom be in the classroom, but I'm not
.
3.他因为起床晚了而没赶上校车。
He didn't the school bus getting up late.
4.他害怕乘飞机,所以他可能乘火车。
He is of a plane, so he take a train.
5.他太小了,不能举起这么重的石头。
He is youn g such a heavy .
Ⅲ 按要求完成句子
1. The dictionary might be Li Lei's. (改为同义句)
The dictionary might LiLei.
2.She had a cold because it was cold.(改为同义句)
She had a cold the cold weather.
3. It must be Mary's.(改为否定句)
It Mary's.
4. Your brother has never heard of the story, ? (完成反意疑问句)
5. This is Lucy's book.(就画线部分提
问) book is this?
Section B 知识点精析
1.He could be running for exercise.他可能是在跑步锻炼。
要点精析
exercise 在这里是不可数名词,意为"运动;锻炼"。
例:Exercise makes one strong.运动使人强壮。
知识拓展
12exercise 用作名词,意为“锻炼;练习”,既可用作可数名词,也可用作不可
数名词。
①表示为了健康而进行体格方面的锻炼或运动,通常是不可数名词,这时常与take ,
do, get 等动词连用。
例:If you don't take/get more exercise, you'll get fat.
如果不多做运动,你会变胖的。
②表示为复习知识而进行练习或训练,通常是可数名词。
例:We'll do some exercises in grammar this afternoon.
今天下午我们要做一些语法练习。
③在表示“体操;课间操;眼保健操”等时,通常用复数形式。
例:We do morning exercises every day. 我们每天做早操。
2.but, however,though 但是,然而,尽管
要点精析 1
but 连词,意为“但是”。用来引出微弱的反对意见,是口语中的常用词。
例: I was going to write, but I lost your address.
我本来要写信的,但我把你的地址弄丢了点。
要点精析 2
though 连词,意为“虽然;尽管”。 although 与 though 用法大致相同,口语中
常用 though。
例: Mr. Hall understands that though math has always been easy for his son,
yet this problem is not easy for him.
霍尔先生明白,尽管数学对他儿子来说一直很容易,但这道题对于他来说并不简单。
链接中考
13(吉林中考)- What subject do you prefer?
-I prefer science it's difficult.
B. though
A.or C.so
解析: or “否则"; though" “尽管"; So “因此”。根据句意“你更喜欢什么学
科?”
“我更喜欢科学,不管它很难”可判断用 though, 故选 B。
3. Stonehenge, a rock circle, is not only one of Britain's most famous
historical places but also one of its greatest mysteries.
巨石阵, 一个岩石,不仅是英国的最著名的历史古迹之一,而且还是最大的奥秘之
一 。
要点精析 1
one of..意为"……之一",在句子中作主语时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式,
后面的名词要用复数形式,形容词要用最高级。
例:One of the students is from Canada.其中一个学生来自加拿大。
He is one of the best students in our class.他是我们班里最好的学生之一。
要点精析 2
one 用作代词时,常用来指代上文中同类不同一的事物,或某类事物中的任何一个。
例:I can't find my pencil-box. I think I must buy a new one.
我找不到我的铅笔盒了。我想我必须去买一个新的了。
辨析 one 与 it
one 指代上文中同类不同一的事物,或某类事物中的任何一个 it 指前面的事物本身
例:I don't have a knife. Lend me one.
我没有小刀。借给我一把。 (one 指代 a knife)
The picture is very nice. Please show it to me.
14这幅画很漂亮。请让我看看。 (it指 代 the picture)
链接中考
(河北中考) Do you have toys? I'd like to buy for my cousin.
A. it B. one C.this D.that
解析: it “它",指代上文提到的那个事物; one “ 一个”,泛指上文提到的人或事
物 中的一个; this" 这个"; that" 那个"。由选项可推知句意为“你们有玩具吗?
我想
给我的表弟买一个。”此处表示玩具这类事物中的任意一个,故用 one。 选 B。
4."The leaders arrived in England much later," he points out.
“那些首领抵达英国是很久以后的事了,”他指出。
要点精析 1
arrive 动词,意为“到达”。
例: I arrived in Qingdao yesterday. 我昨天到达了青岛。
辨 析 arrive, reach与 get
arrive 用作不及物动词,后加介词 at 或 in 。at 后常接车站、学校、邮局、机场等
表示较小地点的名词; in 后常接国家、城市等表示较大地点的名词
reach 用作及物动词,后面直接跟地点
get 用作不及物动词, get 后面跟宾语,不指明地点大小
例: I arrive at the station at five o'clock.我五点到达车站。
I reached China yesterday.我昨天到达了中国。
When do you get to school? 你什么时候到达学校?
小贴士
当“到达”的地点是 here,there,home 等副词时,副词前不用加介词。
例:When did he arrive here? 他何时到这儿的?
15要点精析 2
point out 意为“指出;指明”,其后可接名词或 that 从句作宾语。
例:He pointed out the dangers of driving alone.
他指出了单独驾车的危险性。
I should point out that not one of these paintings is original.
我应当指出这些画中没有一幅是真迹。
5. Another popular idea is that Stonehenge might be a kind of calendar.
另一种流行的观点是,巨石阵可能是一种历法。
要点精析
本句是个复合句。 that 引导表语从句, that 在句中不作句子成分,只起连接作用。
表语从句的引导词还有 when, whether和 what 等。
例:My question is whether you'll join us or not.
我的问题是你是否会加入到我们当中。
That's just what I want to say to you.那正是我想对你说的。
6.The large stones were put together in a certain way.
这些巨石以某种特定的方式被摆放在一起。
要点精析
in a certain way 意为“以某种特定的方式(途径),从某种特定的角度看”。
例:Consider or regard in a certain way.以某种特定的方式来考虑或看待。
知识拓展
由 way 构成的短语:
go out of one's way (to do sth.) 特地;格外努力
give way (to sb./sth.) 屈服;让步
16in the way妨碍;挡着……的路
in a way/ in one way 在某种程度上
go one's own way一意孤行;我行我素
make way(for sb./sth.) 给……让路;让出位置
by way of路经;作为……的手段 lose one's way 迷路
7. They think the stones can prevent illness and keep people healthy.
他们认为这些石头能预防疾病,并使人们保持健康。
要点精析
keep+sb.+adj. 结构中形容词作宾语补足语,说明宾语的状态、性质、特征等。
例:Enough exercise and good food can keep us strong and fit.
充足的锻炼和优质食品能让我们身体强健。
知识拓展
有类似用法的使役动词: make, find, get, drive 等。
例:What made our teacher so angry? 什么使我们的老师这么生气?
He finds it easy to work out problem.他发现解决这个问题很容易。
The endless rainy days nearly drove me mad.没完没了的雨天简直让我发疯。
8. Others think it was built to celebrate a victory over an enemy.
另一些人认为它被建立起来庆祝打败敌人的胜利。
要点精析 1
others 意为“其他的人或物”,用来代替名词, others= other+名词复数。
例:Thirty of them are boy students and the others are girls.
他们当中三十人是男生,其他人是女生。
要点精析 2
17victory 既可用作可数名词,也可用作不可数名词,意为“胜利;成功”。其后
常跟 over/ against sb., 表示战胜某人。
例:Class Three are celebrating their victory over Class Six.
三班正在庆祝对六班的胜利。
知识拓展
win /score a victory 为固定搭配,意为“获得胜利”。
例:At last we won/scored a victory.最后我们获得了胜利。
9.I'm still waiting for the bus, … 我还在等公共汽车, ……
要点精析
wait for意为"等候"。
例:I'm waiting for a bus to take me to the hotel.
我在等把我带去旅馆的公共汽车。
【助记】 wait for a bus 等公共汽车
链接中考
(山东德州中考) When I got to the bus stop, I missed the early bus and I had
to the next one.
A. give up B.keep off C. call off D. wait for
解析:句意:当我到达公共汽车站时,我错过了早班公共汽车,所以我不得不等下
一班。表示“等候”用 wait for。 选 D。
10.She's the only one who wears such colorful clothes.
她是唯一穿那种色彩艳丽的衣服的人。
要点精析
who 此处引导定语从句,修饰先行词 the only one, 关系代词 who 在从句中作主
18语。若先行词为人,定语从句可用关系代词 who 或 that 引导, who 或 that
在从句中可作主语或宾语。若关系代词在定语从句中作宾语,也可用 whom 引导定
语从句。
例:The student who /that is answering the que on is John.
正在回答问题的那个学生是约翰。
Do you know Mr. Zhang who/whom/that they like very much?
你认识他们很喜欢的张先生吗?
链接中考
(浙江杭州中考)The woman is the most important in my life is my mother.
A. which B. who C. whom D. what
解析:分析本句可知 is the most important in my life 是定语从句,先行词
the woman 指人,且关系代词代替先行词在定语从句中作主语,应用 who/that
引导定
语从句,故选 B。
11.I just talked to her on the phone, and she's at work right now.
我刚才跟她在电话里聊天儿了,她此刻在上班。
要点精析
on the phone 意为“通过电话;以电话的方式”,介词 on 此处表示“使用……机
器;用……设备"。
例:The old man is talking to his son on the phone.
这位老人正在电话里与他儿子交谈。
即学即试
I 单项填空
1.I failed the exam I did my best. But I'll try harder next time.
19A. when B.until C. though D. because
2. Ma Yun, head of Alibaba, is one of persons in the
world. A. rich B.richer C. richest D. the
richest
3.-What are you doing?
-I'm reading the book you lent me last week.
A. what B. who C. when D. that
4. Xixi enjoys dancing. It's one of her
A. prize B. prizes C. hobby D.hobbies
5. How dangerous! She was driving the car with one hand and holding an ice
cream with
A. the other B.another C. others D. other
Ⅱ 根据句意及首字母或汉语提示完成单词
1. He understands the meaning but he doesn't know how to e
2. She drew some (圆圈) when she was two years old.
3. The p of charity is to help people in need.
4. I will p him from going out.
5. We drank to her v
Ⅲ 用恰当的介词(短语)填空
1.Iook! There are some birds the sky.
2.I bought this coat at a shop our neighborhood.
3. A terrible accident happened him last night.
4. Lisa didn't come to school this mornin g illness.
5.-Are you busy?-Yes. I am swimming the pool.
20参考答案与解析
Section A
即学即试
I
1.D 句意:哈利开了一整天车了,他一定累了。表示有把握的肯定的推测用 must,
故选 D。
2.D 句意:生活是无常的。没有人知道将来可能会发生什么。表示“可能”用 might,
故选 D。
3.B 句意:我现在很忙,我有一些重要的事要做。形容词修饰复合不定代词应后置;
肯定句中用 something, 否定句或疑问句中用 anything, 故选 B。
4.A 句意:无论什么时候我有困难,我最好的朋友李磊总是帮助我。表示“无论什么
时候"用 whenever, 故选 A。
5.A 句意:当他看到一个钱包在地上时,他马上把它捡了起来。表示“拾起;捡起”
用 pick up。 pick up 接代词作宾语时,代词要放在 pick 与 up 中间,故选 A。
Ⅱ
1.must belong to
2. might/may not, sure
3. catch, because of
4. afraid/terrified, taking, could
5. too, to lift, stone
Ⅲ
1. belong to 2. because of 3. can't be
4. has he 5. Whose
Section B
21即学即试
I
1.C 句意:这次考试尽管我尽了全力还是失败了,但我下次会更加努力。表示“尽
05 管”用连词 though, 故选 C。
2.D 句意:阿里巴巴的领导人马云是世界上最富有的人之一。 one of后的形容词
要用最高级形式,故选 D。
3.D 句意:“你正在做什么?”“我正在看你上周借给我的那本书。”此定语从句的先
行词为 the book, 关系代词应用 that/ which, 故选 D。
4.D 根据句意“西西喜欢跳舞,跳舞是她的爱好之一”及语法 one of后的名词用复
数形式可知,此处应选择表示“爱好”的单词的复数形式 hobbies 故选 D。
5.A 句意:多么危险啊!她正用一只手开车,另一只手拿着冰激凌。表示“一个.…
另一个…… " one.the other., 故选 A。
Ⅱ
1.express 2.circles 3.purpose 4. prevent 5.victory
Ⅲ
1.in
4. because of 5.in
2. In 3. to