文档内容
专题 04 定语从句
备考 2023 年高考英语二轮复习讲练测--讲练
目录
一 ........... 考点解读、解题要领、四大考点
二 .......... 关系代词
三 .......... 关系副词
四 .......... 介词+which/whom
五 .......... as
六 .......... 真题练一练
【考点解读】
定语从句是历年高考的重要考点。近年高考对名词的考查主语侧重于以下几个方面：
1.关系代词和关系副词的区别
2.定语从句中的主谓一致
3.定语从句和名词性从句的区别
【解题要领】1.分析定语从句中的句子成分,熟练掌握句子结构的分析。
2.判断从句中是否缺主语、宾语、定语，如果缺少，则填关系代词.
3.若从句中不缺少主语、宾语、定语成分，则要填关系副词或考虑“介词＋关系代词”(注意介词后只能
填which/whom)。
【四大考点】
1. 关系代词
2. 关系副词
3. 介词+whom/which
4. As
5. 定语从句和名词性从句的错用
【2022 高考视角】
1.（2022年浙江卷语法填空）Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a
small but growing minority of academics ___36___ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.
2.（2022 年全国甲卷语法填空）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___62___ lost his
eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
3.(2022年全国高考新高考I卷语法填空) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species
___65___ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
4.（2022年全国乙卷短文改错）They often run at high speeds, what may put our lives in danger.
5. (2022年北京卷)That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ____37____ are only good for one use.
考点一 关系代词
关系代词：who, whom, which, that, whose, as等。关系代词可在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语等。
作用：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。
位置：定语从句常置于被修饰词之后；as引导的非限制性定语从句可置于主句前、句中，也可置于主句之
后。
①He is the only student who has passed the exam.
他是唯一一个通过考试的学生。
②As is known to us all, Taiwan is part of China.众所周知，台湾是中国的一部分。
1．who, whom, that代替的先行词是表示人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
I've made good friends with several of the students who/whom/that I met in the calligraphy competition last
year.
我已与去年在书法演讲比赛中遇到的几个学生结交为好朋友。
典例剖析
1.（2022年浙江卷语法填空）Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a
small but growing minority of academics ___36___ are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change. 【答
案】that/who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：亚特兰大佐治亚科技研究院的教授Kim Cobb是一个少数但是不断增加的少数
学者中的一员，因为气候变化，他们正在削减他们的飞机旅行。名词 academics后为定语从句且在从句中作主
语，应使用关系代词替代，故填that/who。
2.（2022 年全国甲卷语法填空）On the 1,100. Kilometer journey, the man Cao Shengkang, ___62___ lost his
eyesight at the age of eight in a car accident, crossed 40 cities and counties in three province.
【答案】who
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：在这1100公里的旅程中，这位在8岁时因车祸而失明的男子曹胜康穿越了三
个省的40个城市和县城。分析句子结合句意可知，此处是非限定性定语从句，先行词为Cao Shengkang，指人，
在从句中作主语，应用关系代词who引导。故填who。
2．whose既可指人又可指物，在定语从句中作定语。指物时，“whose＋名词”可用“the＋名词＋of which”
或“of which＋the＋名词”来代替。
①Do you know the girl who is standing under the tree?
你认识站在树下面的那个女孩吗?
②I went to a restaurant whose boss is my old friend。
→ I went to a restaurant, the boss of which is my old friend.
→ I went to a restaurant, of which the boss is my old friend.
我去了一家餐厅，餐厅的老板是我的好朋友。
典例剖析1. 【2020天津卷】Dr. Rowan, _______ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.
A. whose B. of whom C. of which D. which
【答案】A
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：罗文博士的秘书两周前辞职了，他现在只能自己打字。______ secretary
resigned two weeks ago是非限制性定语从句，修饰Dr. Rowan，引导词在从句中作定语，表示“Dr. Rowan’s”，
表示“……的” ，应用关系代词whose引导该从句，故选A。
2.【2020新课标Ⅲ卷·语法填空,61】 In ancient China lived an artist ______ paintings were almost lifelike.
【答案】whose
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：中国古代有一位画家，他的画几乎栩栩如生。此处为定语从句修饰先行词
artist，且先行词在从句中作定语，故应用关系代词whose。故填whose。
3．which, that所代替的先行词是表示事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。
a. 指物时，关系代词that和which一般情况下可换用，但以下几种情况下一般用that，而不用which。
(1)先行词是all, everything, something, anything, nothing, none, few, little, much等不定代词，或先行词被
all, every, some, any, no, few, little等修饰时。
①I have read all the books (that) I borrowed from the library.
所有从图书馆里借的书我都已经读过了。
典例剖析
(2022 年全国高考新高考 I 卷语法填空) The GPNP is intended to provide stronger protection for all the species
___ 6 5___ live within the Giant Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
【答案】that
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。设空处为关系词引导限制性定语从句，先行词等于关系词，设空处在从句中作
指物的主语，先行词为species，且先行词前为all修饰，只能用关系代词that。（语法知识点：当先行词指物，
且被all, every, any, the very, the only, the just等修饰时，只使用that不用which引导。）本句句意：大熊猫国家
公园旨在为生活在大熊猫范围内的所有物种提供更有力的保护，并大大改善该地区的生态系统健康。故填
that。
(2)先行词被形容词的最高级或序数词(如：the first，the second, ...，the last等)修饰时。
②This is the best film (that) I have ever seen.
这是我看过的最好的电影。(3)先行词被the only, the very, the right等修饰时。
③The only thing that matters is to solve the problem.
唯一要紧的事情是解决这个问题。
(4)先行词既有人又有物时。
④I remembered the teachers and things (that) I experienced in the school.
我记起来了我在学校里经历过的人和事。
b：在以下情况中，只能用which，不能用that。
(1)关系代词充当介词的宾语，且介词位于关系代词之前时，只能用which。
⑤The house in which I used to live has become a shoe shop.
过去我居住的房子已变成了一家鞋店。
典例剖析
1.(2022年北京卷) That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ____37____ are only good for one use.
【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只能使用一次。分析可知，
most of ______are only good for one use在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为cups, bottles, and bags，在从句中
作介词of的宾语，所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。
2.【2021江苏卷】Many lessons are now available online, from _______ students can choose for free.
A. whose B. which C. when D. whom
【答案】B
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：许多课程现在都可以在网上找到，学生们可以从中免费选择。此处是非限定
性定语从句，先行词是many lessons，关系词在从句中做介词from的宾语，应使用关系代词which引导。故
选B。
(2)在非限制性定语从句中，如果从句中缺少主语或宾语，并指物，只能用which。
⑥Our team won the final, which made us excited.
我们的队赢得了决赛，这使我们非常兴奋。
典例剖析
【2019·新课标 II 卷 语法填空,62】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in
Macclesfield, ________ she opened with her late husband Les.
【答案】which
【解析】考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知，先行词为 the pet shop，在非限制性定语从句中作opened一词的宾语，故用which。
[名师点睛] 使用关系代词时，注意两点：
(1)先行词是“人”还是“物”；
(2)关系代词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语，且在从句中作宾语时可以省略。(非限制性定语从句中的关系
代词不可以省略。)
考点二 关系副词
when, where, why是常见的三个关系副词。当定语从句中不缺少主语、宾语、定语和表语时，用关系副词。
1．先行词是表示时间、地点或理由的名词，关系副词when, where, why在从句中作状语。
典例剖析
【2020 全国高考 I，语法填空，63】Because the moon's body blocks direct radio communication with a probe,
China first had to put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot_______ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to
Earth.
【答案】where
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：由于月球自身阻挡了地球与探测器之间的无线电通信，中国必须先将一颗
卫星送入月球上方轨道的一个位置，在那里它能够向航天器和地球发送信号。分析句子成分并结合句意可知，
设空处引导定语从句修饰先行词spot，且引导词在从句中作地点状语，应用where引导，故填where。
①The factory where his father works is the largest one in this city .
他父亲工作的那个工厂是这个城市最大的工厂。
②I'll always remember the day when my son returned from America.
我将永远记得我父亲从美国回来的那一天。
[名师解读] （1）当先行词为一些表示抽象地点的名词，如：point， situation， case， stage， family
等时，如果引导词在从句中作状语，常用关系副词where引导定语从句；如果不作状语，则用关系代词that/w
hich。
Remember that there is still one point that/which we must make clear at the conference tomorrow.
记住在明天的会议上我们还有一点必须弄清楚。
She's in a hopeless situation， where we will keep a very close eye on her.
她处于无望的处境中，在这种情况下我们将密切注意她。
（2）先行词occasion当“时刻”讲时，用关系副词when；当“场合”讲时，用关系副词where。
Please describe an occasion where you met real difficulties.
请描述你遇到真正困境的场景。
Occasions are rare when I have the time to spend a day with my kids.
我有时间和孩子们度过一天的时机很少。典例剖析
【2019·江苏卷·单项填空, 21】 We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming
true.
A. which B. what C. when D. that
【答案】C
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：我们已经进入到了一个时代，在这个时代梦想实现的机会最大。句中先行词为
an age（一个时代），且先行词在从句中做时间状语，所以关系词用when。故选C。
2．way后接定语从句的情况。
(1) 当先行词是way(意为“方式、方法”，且关系词在定语从句中作状语)时，引导定语从句的关系词可
以是that, in which或省略。
①I don't like the way (that/in which) he speaks.
我不喜欢他说话的方式。
【易错点】
比较：Do you still remember the days that/which we spent in Being?
你还记得我们一起在北京度过的日子吗？
Do you still remember the days when we spent the summer holidays in Being?
你还记得我们在北京过暑假的日子吗?
即时练 单句语法填空
①I want to know the date ________ you were born.
②I have forgotten the date ________ you told me.
③Do you know the reason ________ he is absent today?
④That is the reason ________ I want to know.
⑤This is the factory ________ his father built.
⑥Sales director is a position ________ communication ability is just as important as sales skills.
⑦This is the second time ________ I have been here.
⑧Can you still remember the time ________ we spent together in our childhood?
答案：① when/on which ②(that/which) ③ why/for which ④(that/which) ⑤(that/which) ⑥ where
⑦(that) ⑧(that/which)
考点三 介词+which/ whom
典例剖析
(2022年北京卷)That includes cups, bottles, and bags, most of ____37____ are only good for one use.【答案】which
【解析】考查定语从句。句意：这包括杯子、瓶子和袋子，其中大多数（东西）只能使用一次。分析可知，
most of ______are only good for one use在句中为非限制性定语从句；先行词为cups, bottles, and bags，在从句中
作介词of的宾语，所以此处用关系代词which。故填which。
1．关系代词的确定
在介词后作宾语的关系代词只有which和whom。如果先行词是物，引导词用which；如果先行词是人，
则引导词用whom。
①This is the train on which Lilywent to Shenzhen.
这就是Lily去深圳所乘坐的那列火车。
②This is the student for whom I bought the dictionary.
这就是我为他买词典的那个学生。
2．关系代词前介词的确定
(1)依据定语从句中动词或形容词的习惯搭配来确定。
①The fellow to whom I spoke made no answer at first.
我与之说话的那个人起初没有回答。(speak to)
②The West Lake, for which Hangzhou is famous, is a beautiful place.
西湖是一个美丽的地方，杭州因此而闻名。(be famous for)
(2)根据先行词来确定。
③I'll never forget the time during which I spent my childhood in the country.
我永远不会忘记我在乡村度过的童年时光。(during the time)
④Water, without which man can't live, is really important.
水真的很重要，没有它人类就不能生存。(without air)
3．“名词/代词＋介词＋关系代词”结构
此类结构常见的有“some/many/most/all/none＋of＋which/whom”等。
①Here are the questions, some of which I think are easy for you.
问题都在这儿，其中一些我认为对你来说很容易。
②He has three sons, none of whom are soldiers.
他有三个儿子，没有一个是当军人的。
4．“复合介词短语＋关系代词which”引导的定语从句，其从句部分常与先行词用逗号隔开，且从句部分
常用倒装语序。
He lived in a big house, in front of which stood a big tree.
他住在一所大房子里，房子前面有一棵大树。
5．“介词＋which/whom＋不定式”结构
The poor man has no house in which to live.→The poor man has no house to live in.
→The poor man has no house in which he can live.
那个穷人没房子住。
[名师点睛] 有时为表达清楚，也可以在关系副词where/when前加介词from/to等，平时也应掌握，但非
高考重点。
China is the birthplace of kites， from where kite flying spreads to Japan， Thailand， India and so on.
中国是风筝的发源地，从这里，放风筝传到了日本、泰国、印度等国家。
即时练 用“介词＋关系代词”填空
①He may win the competition, ________ case he is likely to get into the national team.
②I bought a great many books, ________ I spent all of my money that I saved.
③He paid the boy $10 for washing ten windows, most ________ hadn't been cleaned for at least a year.
④In the dark street, there wasn't a person ________ she could turn for help.
答案：①in which ②on which ③of which ④to whom
考点四 关系代词as
a：as作为关系代词，在定语从句中缺少主语或宾语时使用，通常先行词由the same, as, such, so等修饰时，关
系代词用as。
①They could only read such stories as had been rewritten in simple English.(as作主语)
他们只能读类似这样的一些用简易英语改写的故事。
②These houses are sold at such a low price as people expected.(as作宾语)
这些房子以人们期望的低价出售。
③This is the same knife as I lost.(as作宾语)
这把小刀和我丢的那把很相似。
[名师点睛] such ... as ... 与such ... that ... 的区别
such ... as ... 中的as引导的是定语从句，而such ... that ... 中的that引导的是结果状语从句。当as引导定
语从句时，as在从句中一般作主语或宾语，而that引导结果状语从句时，that在从句中不作任何成分。
This is such a difficult problem as most of us can't work out.
这是一个我们大多数人都不能解决的难题。
She is such a kind teacher that all the students like her.
她是个善良的老师所以所有学生都很喜欢她。
She ran so fast that no one could catch up with her.
她跑得如此快以至于没有人能赶上她。
(状语从句是完整的句子，前面的that只起引导从句的作用，在从句中不作成分。)
b：关系代词as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别
(1)位置：as引导的非限制性定语从句可以置于主句之前、之中或之后，而which引导的非限制性定语从
句只能位于主句之后。①As is often the case, he is always late for school.
他经常上学迟到，这是常见的情况。
②Dickens, as is well known, is a famous writer.
众所周知，狄更斯是一位著名的作家。
③He failed in the exam, which was unexpected.
他考试没及格，这是意料之外的。
(2)意义：as表示“正如，像”，常用于下列习惯用语中：as we can see “正如我们都能看到的那样”；as
is well known＝as is known to all “众所周知”；as we had expected “正如我们所预料的那样”；as often happens
“正如经常发生的那样”；as is often the case “正如经常发生的那样”；as has been said/seen/heard before 正如所
说/所看/所听到的那样；as is mentioned above “正如上面提到的”；which常译作“这一点，这件事”，此时指
前面主句所提到的那件事。
④He passed the examination, as could be expected.
不出所料，他反对这个意见。
⑤Jim has made great progress, which makes his parents very happy.
吉姆进步很大，这使他父母很高兴。
(3)用法：当非限制性定语从句是否定句或表示否定意义时，只能用which。
⑥He failed the examination, which was unexpected/not expected.
他考试失败了，这是未预料到的。
限时练 单句语法填空
①The house ________ windows face the north belongs to him.
②The man ________ you met just now is my old friend.
③The man ________ is walking in the playground is my old friend.
④Take the book ________ is lying on the table.
⑤She is such a girl ________ is always finding fault with other people.
⑥I refuse to accept the blame for something ________ was someone else's fault.
⑦Whenever I met her, ________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile.
⑧All the presents ________ your friends gave you on your birthday should be put away.
⑨This is the very book ________ I have been looking for.
⑩He was late for the opening ceremony, ________ was very surprising to me.
⑪She has been absent again, as is expected.
⑫He pretended not to know me, ________ I didn't understand.
答案：① whose ② who/whom/that ③ who/that ④ which/that ⑤ as ⑥ that ⑦ which ⑧ that
⑨that ⑩which ⑪as ⑫which
考点五 定语从句和名词性从句的错用典例剖析
（2022年全国乙卷短文改错）They often run at high speeds, what may put our lives in danger.
【答案】what → which
【解析】考查定语从句关系词。句意：它们经常高速行驶，这可能会危及我们的生命。分析句子结构可知，逗
号后是非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面的一句话，在从句中做主语，应用which 引导。故将what改为
which。
真题实战
I. 单句填空
1. （2021年新高考II卷）I decided that if I learned of a company____39____ used a lot of plastic, I'd send it an
email urging it to cut back.
2.（2021年天津卷）William Hastie once suggested that history informs us of past mistakes ________ we can learn
without repeating them.
A．from which B．in which C．with whom D．for whom
3．（2021年天津卷）At the Chinese art festival, there are different stands ________ artists demonstrate their skills
and teach the visitors.
A．where B．which C．that D．when
4.（2021年浙江1月卷） BMI is an internationally recognized measurement tool 3 7 gives an indication
of whether someone is a healthy weight.
5.（2020年全国I卷）Because the moon’s body blocks direct radio communication with a probe, China first had to
put a satellite in orbit above the moon in a spot ___63___ it could send signals to the spacecraft and to Earth.
6.（2020年江苏卷）Many lessons are now available online, from __________ students can choose for free.
A. whose B. which C. when D. whom
7. （2020年天津卷）Dr. Rowan, __________ secretary resigned two weeks ago, has had to do all his own typing.
A. whose B. of whom C. of which D. which
8. （2020年新课标Ⅲ卷）In ancient China lived an artist 61 paintings were almost lifelike.
9.【2019年江苏卷】We have entered into an age _______ dreams have the best chance of coming true.
A. which B. what C. when D. that
10.【2019年天津卷】Their child is at the stage__________ she can say individual words but not full sentences.A. why B. where C. which D. what
11.【2019 年新课标 I 卷改错】One afternoon where I was in primary school, I was walking by the school
playground.
12.【2019年新课标II卷】Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield，
___62___ she opened with her late husband Les.
13.【2019年新课标III卷】They were well trained by their masters ___64___ had great experience with caring for
these animals.
14.【2019年新课标III卷改错】 In the cafe, customers will enjoy themselves in the historical environment what is
created for them.
15.【2019年浙江卷】On the edge of the jacket, there is a piece of cloth ___58___gives off light in the dark.
16.【2019年北京卷】What students do at college seems to matter much more than ___8___ they go.
17.【2019年北京卷】The students benefitting most from college are those ___9___ are totally engaged(参与)in
academic life.
18.【2018年北京】She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit.
A. which B. who C. as D. that
19.【2018年天津】Kae, _________sister I shared a room with when we were at college, has gone to work in
Australia.
A. whom B. that C. whose D. her
20.【2018年新课标I卷】Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 66 showed a
mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all causes (cause).
答案1.that/which 2.A 3.A 4.that/which 5.where 6.B 7.A 8.whose 9.C 10.B 11.where
改为when 12.where 13.who 14.what改为that/which 15.that/which 16.where 17.who/that 18.A
19.C 20.that或which
II. 语篇填空
阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。
1. (内蒙古呼和浩特市赛罕区英华学校2022-2023学年高三上学期月考)
Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese ____41____(dish) is seen as
especially troublesome. Many westerners ____42____ come to China cook much less than in their own countries once
they realize how cheap ____43____ can be to eat out. I still remember ____44____ (visit) a friend who’d lived here for
five years and I ____45____(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time.
While regularly eating out seems to ____46____(become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s notwithout a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be ____47____(afford) but doing this
most days adds up. There could be an even ____48____ (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is
a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in ____49____(weigh) problems.
If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that the next time you go to your mum’s home
____50____ dinner, get a few cooking tips from her. Cooking food can be fun.
You might also begin to notice the effects not only on your health but in your pocket.
【答案】41．dishes 42．who/that 43．it 44．visiting 45．was shocked 46．have become 47．affordable 48．
higher 49．weight 50．for
【分析】作者描述了人们喜欢在外面吃饭的现象，分析了其对身体和花费的不良影响，建议我们在家做饭。
41．考查名词。此处指中国菜，表示泛指应该用名词复数，故填dishes。
42．考查关系代词。句中包含定语从句，先行词是westerners指人，在定语从句中做主语，用关系代词who/
that引导，故填who/that。
43．考查it用法。句子为感叹句，正常语序应该是it can be how cheap to eat out.其中不定式to eat out是真正主
语，it是形式主语。故填it。
44．考查动词形式。此处指我记得去拜访一个在这里住了五年的朋友，表示记得做过某事用 remember doing
sth.，故填visiting。
45．考查时态和语态。此处表示我被震惊了。shock的主语是I，两者关系是被动，动作发生在过去。故填was
shocked。
46．考查动词时态。根据时间状语in recent years可知，用现在完成时，seems to后用动词原形，故填have
become。
47．考查形容词。此处表示一周一两次外出吃饭是负担得起的。系动词be后用形容词作表语，表示“负担得
起的”，故填affordable。
48．考查形容词比较级。此处修饰名词cost用形容词，even表示程度，修饰比较级，故填higher。
49．考查名词。此处指体重问题，用名词修饰problems，故填weight。
50．考查介词。表示去母亲家去吃饭，表示去向、目的用介词for，故填for。
2. (山东师范大学附属中学2022-2023学年高三10月学情诊断考试)
Agricultural experts say crop diversity is important to feed the ___56___ (increase) population of our planet.
They say having a large variety of plants also ___57___ (help) to protect against possible crop diseases and future
crises. But many experts say the number has decreased sharply during the past century.
One of the world’s ___58___ (large) seed conservation projects has predicted further losses. The Millennium
Seed Bank Partnership is warning that up to one hundred thousand plant species could ___59___ (permanent)
disappear. The rich collection of genes ___60___ decide their qualities would disappear with them.Many experts blame climate change and loss of habitat, normal growth area, for damaging plant life. They say
human ___61___ (activity) and poorly planned, overly heavy use of land are also responsible. Some experts say the use
of modern commercial farming methods saved millions of people from ___62___ (starve). Farmers planted, watered,
and fertilized their crops ___63___ the help of machines. They treated their fields with chemicals ___64___
(control) diseases and insects.
Harvests grew larger and higher quality, ___65___ another result was that some traditional crops were lost.
【答案】
56．increasing 57．helps 58．largest 59．permanently 60．that##which 61．activities 62．starvation 6
3．with 64．to control 65．but##while##yet
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了农作物多样性对于养活地球上不断增长的人口非常重要。
56．考查形容词。句意：农业专家表示，作物多样性对于养活地球上不断增长的人口非常重要。分析句意再根
据空格后的名词population可知，此处应该用提示词的形容词形式来修饰名词。故填increasing。
57．考查主谓一致。句意：他们说，拥有大量种类的植物还有助于防止可能的作物疾病和未来的危机。空处为
宾语从句的谓语动词，陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语 having a large variety of plants看作第三人称单数，
故填helps。
58．考查最高级。句意：世界上最大的种子保护项目之一预计损失将进一步扩大。分析句意再根据 one of可知，
此处用形容词的最高级表示“最大的种子保护项目之一”符合语境。故填largest。
59．考查副词。句意：The Millennium Seed Bank Partnership警告称，多达10万种植物物种可能会永久消失。
分析句式结构可知，disappear是动词，修饰动词要用副词，所以空格处应该填提示词的副词形式。故填
permanently。
60．考查定语从句。句意：决定它们品质的丰富的基因集合将随着它们一起消失。分析句式结构可知，此处是
定语从句，先行词词gene是物，且从句中缺少主语，所以用关系代词that或which来引导，故填that/which。
61．考查名词。句意：他们说，人类活动和规划不周、过度使用土地也是罪魁祸首。分析句式结构可知，此处
用名词作主语，且activity是可数名词，此处用复数形式表泛指，故填activities。
62．考查名词。句意：一些专家说，现代商业农业方法的使用使数百万人免于饥饿。分析句式结构可知，此处
用名词作介词from的宾语，所以此处用提示词的名词形式。故填starvation。
63．考查介词。句意：农民在机器的帮助下种植、灌溉和施肥。分析句意再根据空格后的 the help of可知，此
处用介词构成固定短语with the help of表示“在……的帮助下”符合语境。故填with。
64．考查动词不定式。句意：他们用化学药品处理田地以防治病虫害。分析句式结构可知，此处用动词不定式
作目的状语符合语境。故填to control。65．考查连词。句意：收成越来越大，质量越来越高，但另一个结果是一些传统作物失去了。分析句意可知，
此处上下文之间是转折关系，且有逗号隔开，故填but/while/yet。
