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2012 年天津市高考英语试卷解析版
参考答案与试题解析
第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分15 分）第一节：单项填空（共15 小题，每小题1 分，满分15 分）从
A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项．
1．（1 分）﹣﹣﹣Can I have a day off tomorrow，Mr．Johnson？
﹣﹣﹣__________．I can manage without you．（ ）
A．Forget it
B．I'm afraid not
C．It depends
D．Of course
【考点】JI：语言交际．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：﹣﹣约翰逊先生，明天我可以请一天的假吗？
﹣﹣当然可以，没有你我能应付．
【解答】答案D．A 项"休想；算了吧"；B 项"我恐怕不行"；C 项"视情况而定"；D 项"当然"；根据答语中"I
can manage without you"可知，明天没有你我能应付，说明是同意对方请假．因此D 项符合语境，故选D．
【点评】本题考查情景交际．解答此类题目首先应该读懂句意，分析上下文语境和逻辑关系．其次对每个选
项中的交际用语的适用情况要掌握，根据语境锁定正确答案．关键平时学习中要对交际用语多积累多总结反
复记忆．
2．（1 分）The letters for the boss___________ on his desk but he didn't read them until three later．（ ）
A．were put
B．was put
C．put
D．has put
【考点】F4：一般过去时的被动语态．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：给老板的那些信（被）放在他的办公桌上，但他直到三天后才读．
【解答】答案A 此处The letters 和put 之间是被动关系．由but he didn't read 可知，应该用过去式，即：一
般过去时的被动语态．
故选：A．
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态．主要看句子的主语和动词之间是主动还是被动关系，然后再根据时间
状语确定时态．
3．（1 分）You were working too hard．You'd better keep a ________between work and relaxation．（ ）
A．promise
B．lead
C．balance
D．diary
【考点】35：名词的词义辨析．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：你工作太卖力了．你最好在工作和休息之间保持平衡．
【解答】答案C A 项"许诺，承诺"； B 项"领导，榜样"；C 项"平衡"；D 项"日记"．由句意可知"是在工作和
休息之间保持平衡"．故选C 项．
【点评】考查名词词义辨析．要掌握每一个名词的意思，然后再根据句意选择合适的名词即可．
4．（1 分）The dog may be a good companion for the old．_______，the need to take it for walks may be a
disadvantage．（ ）
A．Besides．
B．However
C．Therefore
D．Instead．
【考点】91：并列连词．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：狗对老年人来说可能是好伙伴．然而，遛狗可能会很不方便．
【解答】答案：B A 项"除…之外"；B 项"然而"；C 项"因此"；D 项"相反的"．前一句有good，后一句又有
disadvantage．前后意思转折，应该用转折连词．故选B 项．
【点评】考查连词．主要要弄清每一个连词的意思，然后再根据句意选择合适的连词即可．
5．（1 分）﹣﹣﹣You have to believe in yourself．No one else will，if you don't．
﹣﹣﹣__________．Confidence is really important．（ ）
A．It's not my cup of tea
B．That's not the point
C．I don't think so
D．I couldn't agree more
【考点】JI：语言交际．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：﹣﹣﹣你必须要相信你自己．如果你不相信你自己，就没有人能相信（你）．
﹣﹣﹣我非常赞同．信心真的很重要．
【解答】答案D．A 项"那不是我感兴趣的"；B 项"那不是问题的关键"；C 项"我不这么认为"；D 项"我完全
赞同"；根据答语中"Confidence is really important"可知，相信自己（对自己有信心）是很重要的，与上句中
所表达的观点"You have to believe in yourself"是一致的．也就是说完全赞同对方所表达的观点．因此D 项符
合语境，故选D．
【点评】本题考查情景交际．解答此类题目首先应该读懂句意，分析上下文语境和逻辑关系．其次对每个选
项中的交际用语的适用情况要掌握，根据语境锁定正确答案．关键平时学习中要对交际用语多积累多总结反
复记忆．
6．（1 分）Only after Mary read her composition the second time_________ the spelling mistake．（ ）
A．did she notice
B．she noticed
C．does she notice
D．she has noticed
【考点】GB：倒装句．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：只有当玛丽第二次读了她的作文后，她才注意到拼写错误．
【解答】答案A 此处是部分倒装．因为"Only+状语"置于句首时，句子要部分倒装，即：用一般疑问句的语
序．排除B、D 两项．由于句子是一般过去式，所以选A 项．
【点评】考查倒装．只要掌握在哪几种情况下用部分倒装即可．此题是"Only+状语"置于句首，句子部分倒
装．特别要注意的是"Only+主语"置于句首，句子不到装．
7．（1 分）I wish to thank Professor Smith，without_______help I would never have got this far．（ ）
A．who
B．whose
C．whom
D．which
【考点】58：连接代词；H2：非限制性定语从句．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意为：我希望感谢史密斯教授，要是没有了他的帮助，我不可能走这么远．
【解答】答案：B 本题定语从句的先行词是Professor Smith，在定语从句中，关系代词应该指代先行词，并
在从句中作为help 的定语．选项中只有whose 可以放在名词前面做定语．
故选：B．
【点评】解答定语从句的关键是 分析句子成分，如果定语从句的句子成分很完整就使用关系副词；如果句
子缺少主语，宾语，表语或者定语的时候就使用关系代词．同时也要注意一些关系词的特殊用法，尤其是
that 的特殊用法，既要注意普遍性，也要注意特殊性．特别关注：Whose 是可以放在名词前面做定语的关系
代词，如果缺少定语，用whose 引导定语从句，或是of which the+名词/the+名词+of which．要特别注意
which 引导非限制性短语从句的用法．
8．（1 分）It's quite warm here； we __________turn the heating on yet．（ ）
A．couldn't
B．mustn't
C．needn't
D．wouldn't
【考点】A6：情态动词；G4：否定句．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意为：今天这里相当暖和，我们没必要开暖气．
【解答】答案：C 根据上文"这里相当暖和"，可以推知下文应该是：我们没必要开暖气．couldn't 不可
能；mustn't 禁止；needn't 不需要；wouldn't 不会．根据语境，本题应该选择C．
【点评】考查情态动词要注意句子所表达的含义中含有什么样的语气．
9．（1 分）It doesn't matter _________you turn right or left at the crossing﹣﹣﹣both roads lead to the park．（ ）
A．whether
B．how
C．if
D．when
【考点】92：从属连词．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：你在十路口向右拐还是向左拐都没关系﹣﹣两条路都可以到达公园．
【解答】答案：A 此题考查主语从句．It 是形式主语，真正的主语是whether 引导的从句．和or 连用时，用
whether 引导主语从句．if 作"是否"讲时，不引导主语从句．
故选：A．
【点评】考查主语从句．主要要记住引导主语从句的连词，然后根据句意选择连词即可．
10．（1 分）The secretary arranged a（n）___________time and space for the applicants to have an
interview．（ ）
A．important
B．spare
C．public
D．convenient
【考点】64：形容词词意辨析．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：秘书为申请人安排了合适的被采访的时间和地点．
【解答】答案：D A 项"重要的"； B 项"闲暇的，多余的"；C 项"公众的"；D 项"方便的，便利的"．由句意
可知，此处是指"方便的时间和地点"．故选D 项．
【点评】考查形容词词义辨析．要掌握每一个形容词的意思，然后再根据句意选择合适的形容词即可．
11．（1 分）He got up late and hurried to his office，_________the breakfast untouched．（ ）
A．left
B．to leave
C．leaving
D．having left
【考点】B3：现在分词；HJ：结果状语从句．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：他起床晚了，然后匆匆忙忙地去了办公室，没有吃早饭．
【解答】答案：C 此处是现在分词作结果状语．由于got up late 所以"没吃早饭"，这是自然而然的结果，用
现在分词做结果状语．而不定式也可以做结果状语，只是表示"出乎意料"的结果．
故选：C．
【点评】考查现在分词作结果状语．主要要区分开与不定式作作结果状语的不同．现在分词做结果状语表示
自然而然的结果；而不定式做结果状语，只是表示"出乎意料"的结果．
12．（1 分）The three of us___________around Europe for about a month last summer．（ ）
A．travelled
B．have travelled
C．had travelled
D．travel
【考点】E2：一般过去时．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意：去年我们当中的三个人在欧洲旅行了大约一个月．
【解答】答案：A 由时间状语last summer．可知，动词应该用一般过去式，指发生在过去的动作．故选A
项．
【点评】考查一般过去式．主要掌握一般过去式的定义及一些时间状语即可．
13．（1 分）Parents and children should communicate more to ________the gap between them so that they can
understand each other better．（ ）
A．open
B．narrow
C．widen
D．leave
【考点】A8：实义动词．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意为：家长和孩子应该多交流，来缩小他们之间的代沟，以便他们能够更好地理解彼此．
【解答】答案：B open 意思是"打开"，narrow 形容词的意思是"狭窄的"，作为动词意思是"（使） 变窄，
缩小"，widen 意思是"拓宽"，leave 意思是"离开"． 根据下文"so that they can understand each other better．"可
知，家长和孩子之间应该缩小他们之间的代沟，所以本题应该选择B．
【点评】了解各个选项的词义，再结合句意选择正确的选项．
14．（1 分）Everything was placed exactly ___________he wanted it for the graduation ceremony．（ ）
A．while
B．when
C．where
D．though
【考点】HI：地点状语从句．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意为：为了毕业典礼，一切东西都已精确地放在了他想要地方．
【解答】答案：C
根据 was placed （被放在）可知其后为地点状语，where 引导地点状语从句，在从句中作地点状语，这里缺
少地点状语"所放的位置"，故C 项符合语境．
故选：C．
【点评】分析句子中主句和从句之间的关系，特别是主句中的谓语动词，然后根据需要选择适当连词．
15．（1 分）We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold __________us a ride home．（ ）
A．didn't offer
B．wouldn't offer
C．hasn't offered
D．hadn't offered
【考点】GJ：虚拟语气．菁优网版权所有
【分析】句意为：昨天要不是Harold 载我们回家，我们可能就叫出租车了．
【解答】答案：D 主句中的谓语"would have called a taxi"表示本句所表达的内容与过去事实相反，从句中应
该用过去完成时．所以本题选择D．
【点评】考查此类题型，需要理解表示于过去事实相反的假设中的句型结构．句型：条件从句：过去完成
时；主句：should（would）have+过去分词
第二节：完形填空（共1 小题：每小题1.5 分，满分30 分）
16．（30 分）阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从16～35 各题所给出的A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选
项．
I fell in love with Yosemite National Park the first time I saw it，when I was 13．My parents took us there for
camping．On the way out，I asked them to wait while I ran up to E1Capitan，a（16） B rock of 3，300feet
straight up．I touched that giant rock and knew（17） A I wanted to climb it．That has been my life's passion
（钟爱） ever since﹣﹣﹣（18） D the rocks and mountains of Yosemite．I've long made Yosemite my
（19） B ．
About 15years ago I started seeing a lot of（20） C ，like toilet paper，beer cans，and empty boxes，around
the area．It's（21） A me why visitors started respecting the place（22） C and treated such a beautiful
home﹣like place this way．
I tried （23） B trash（垃圾）myself，but the job was too big．I would （24） D an hour or two on the
job，only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later．Finally，I got so（25） C it that I decided
something had to change．
As a rock﹣climbing guide，I knew（26） D about organizing any big event．But in 2004，together with some
climbers，I set a date for a（27） A ．On that day，more than 300people （28） B ．Over three days we
collected about 6，000pounds of trash．It was amazing how much we were able to（29） C ．I couldn't believe
the（30） D we made﹣﹣﹣the park looked clean!
Each year volunteers come for the cleanup from everywhere．In 2007alone，2，945people picked up 42，
330pounds of trash and（31） C 132miles of roadway．
I often hear people（32） B about their surroundings．If you are one of them，I would say the only way to
change things is by（33） A rather than complaining．We need to teach by （34） C ．You can't blame
others（35） D you start with yourself．
16．A．distant
B．huge
C．narrow
D．loose
17．A．immediately
B．finally
C．gradually
D．recently
18．A．imagining
B．painting
C．describing
D．climbing
19．A．garden
B．home
C．lab
D．palace
20．A．material
B．resources
C．waste
D．goods
21．A．beyond
B．against
C．over
D．within
22．A．more
B．most
C．less
D．least
23．A．throwing away
B．picking up
C．breaking down
D．digging out
24．A．kill
B．save
C．wait
D．spend
25．A．satisfied with
B．delighted in
C．tired of
D．used to
26．A．something
B．anything
C．everything
D．nothing
27．A．cleanup
B．party
C．picnic
D．concert
28．A．dropped out
B．showed up
C．looked around
D．called back
29．A．demand
B．receive
C．accomplish
D．overcome
30．A．plan
B．visit
C．contact
D．difference
31．A．crossed
B．measured
C．covered
D．designed
32．A．talk
B．complain
C．argue
D．quarrel
33．A．doing
B．thinking
C．questioning
D．watching
34．A．method
B．explanation
C．example
D．research
35．A．although
B．if
C．when
D．useless
【考点】L1：记叙文；MB：健康环保类阅读；N3：上下文逻辑推测．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文．文章讲述了"我"把Yosemite National Park 当做自己的家．当"我"看到里面有大
量的垃圾时，开始是自己，后来组织大家捡垃圾．由此"我"明白改变事情的方法是动手去做，而不是抱怨．
【解答】答案：16﹣﹣﹣20 BADBC 21﹣﹣﹣25 ACBDC 26﹣﹣﹣30 DABCD 31﹣﹣﹣35 CBACD16．B．从
下文的thatgrant rock 可知选B．
17．A．immediately 立即，马上．句意：我触摸到那块巨石时，立刻知道我想攀登它．
18．D．根据17 空后的climb 可知．
19．B．根据22 空后的such a beautiful home﹣like place 可知．
20．C．根据like 后面列举的内容可知．
21．A．beyond 超出．句意：我不理解游客为什么不爱护这个地方…
22．C．根据上文游客在这样一个美丽的地方丢弃大量的垃圾，故选less．
23．B．根据上文，我看到游客丢垃圾很心痛，于是自己去捡起那些游客丢弃的垃圾．pike up 捡起；
throwaway 扔掉；breakdown 出故障，抛锚；谈判破裂； digout 发掘、找到．
24．D．花费时间做某事用spend sometime on sth．故选D．
25．C．根据上文的"…only to find the area trashed all over again weeks later"，以及下文的"…that I decided
something had to change"可知作者自己疲惫了单独捡垃圾．
26．D．根据下一句"but"后的内容，可知此句意思为作者不知道如何组织大型活动．
27．A．根据下文中的超过三百多人参加捡垃圾以及下一段中的"each year volunteers come for the cleanup from
everywhere"，可知此处选A（清扫）．
28．B．根据下一句"over three days we collected about 6，000 pounds of trash"可知"那一天，超出三百多人参
加了清扫垃圾的活动"，故选B（出席，到场）．
29．C．根据上一句"over three days we collected about 6，000 pounds of trash"可知选C（完成）．
30．D．根据破折号后的"the park looked clean"可知，因为我们把公园里的垃圾捡完了，公园变得干净了，与
以前不同了，故选D．
31．C．此句的意思是"单独2007 一年中，2，945 个人捡了42，330 磅垃圾，覆盖了132 英里的路面"．
32．B．根据33 空后的"complain"可知选B．
33．A．此句意思是"我想说改变事情的唯一方式是做，而不是抱怨"，故选A．
34．C．句意为"我们需要榜样"，故选C．
35．D．句意为"我们不能责备别人，除非以身作则"，故选D．
【点评】做完形填空时，要了解完形填空题的设空原则，用正确的思维解题，不抠字词用法，不断章取
义．先浏览全文，概括大意，然后再根据对上下文文意的理解和行文逻辑的把握来答题．
第二部分：阅读理解（共4 小题；每小题2.5 分，满分49.5 分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D 四
个选项中，选出最佳选项．
17．（12.5 分）Bicycle Safety
Operation Always ride your bike in a safe，controlled manner on campus（校园）．Obey rules and
regulations．Watch out for walkers and other bicyclists，and always use your lights in dark conditions．
Theft Prevention Always securely lock your bicycle to a bicycle rack﹣﹣﹣even if you are only away for a
minute．Register your bike with the University Department of Public Safety．It's fast，easy，and
free．Registration permanently records your serial number，which is useful in the possible recovery of the bike
stolen．
Equipment
Brakes Make sure that they are in good working order and adjusted properly．
Helmet A necessity，make sure your helmet meets current safety standards and fit properly．
Lights Always have a front headlight﹣﹣﹣visible at least 500feet in front of the bike．A taillight is a
good idea．
Rules of the Road
Riding on Campus As a bicycle rider，you have a responsibility to ride only on streets and posted bicycle
paths．Riding on sidewalks or other walkways can lead to a fine．The speed limit for bicycles on campus is
15mph，unless otherwise posted．Always give the right of ways to walkers．If you are involved in an accident，
you are required to offer appropriate aid，call the Department of Public Safety and remain at the scene until the
officer lets you go．
Bicycle Parking Only park in areas reserved for bikes．Trees，handrails，hallways，and sign posts are not for
bicycle parking，and parking in such posts can result in a fine．
If Things Go Wrong
If you break the rules，you will be fined．Besides violating rules while riding bicycles on campus，you could be
fined for：
No bicycle registration﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣25dollars
Bicycleparkivngbanned﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣30dollars
Blocking path with bicycle﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣40dollars
Violationofbicycleequipmentrequirement﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣35dollars
36．Registration of your bicycle may help you A ．
A．find your stolen bicycle
B．get your serial number
C．receive free repair services
D．settle conflicts with walkers
37．According to the passage，what bike equipment is a free choice for bicycle riders？ D ．
A．Brakes．
B．A helmet．
C．A headlight．
D．A taillight．
38．When you ride a bicycle on the campus， C ．
A．ride on posted bicycle paths and sidewalks
B．cycle at a speed of over 15mph
C．put the walkers'right of way first
D．call the police before leaving in a case of accident
39．If you lock your bicycle to a tree on the campus，you could be fined B ．
A.25
B.30
C.35
D.40
40．What is the passage mainly about？ A
A．A guide for safe bicycling on campus．
B．Directions for bicycle tour on campus．
C．Regulations of bicycle race on campus．
D．Rules for riding motor vehicles on campus．
【考点】OA：健康环保类阅读；P1：内容归纳；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文讲述的主要是在校园里要安全使用自行车，以及校园内骑自行车时要遵守的交通规则．首先为
了防盗，要对使用的自行车进行登记；其次，必须得保证自行车的刹车性能良好，要调整好刹车；必须配有
头盔，并且确保头盔符合当前的安全标准以及大小要合适；自行车必须得有一个前大灯，可见度至少要能照
到自行车前500 英尺．校园骑车的交通规则：只能在街道上或标有自行车标记的路上骑车，违者将罚款；并
且限速每小时不能超过15 英里，要给步行者让路；一旦发生了事故，需要提供适当的帮助，保护好现场，
并且电话报警，等到警察允许了才能离开．要将自行车停在校园内的预留位置，禁止乱停乱放，否则会导致
罚款．最后还规定了各种罚款的细则．
【解答】36 A 细节理解题．根据Theft Prevention 部分中的"Registration permanently records…in the possible
recovery of the bike stolen．"自行车登记可以永久记录你的序列号，这样会对被盗自行车有可能失而复得有
用．所以给自行车登记可以帮你找到丢失的自行车，故选A．
37 D 细节理解题．根据Equipment 部分，"Brakes Make sure that…Helmet A necessity，make sure…Lights
Always have a front headlight…A taillight is a good idea．"文中提到：必须得保证刹车性能良好，要调整好刹
车；头盔是必需品，确保你的头盔符合当前的安全标准并且尺寸合适；自行车总得要有一个前大灯，可见度
至少能照到自行车前500 英尺；因此以上配套都是必须的．所以A．B．C 都不正确．根据"A taillight is a
good idea．安装一个尾灯也不错．"可知，可以自愿安装尾灯，它不是必需的．故选D．
38 C 细节理解题．根据"Riding on Campus"部分中的"Always give the right of ways to walkers"可知，在校园
骑车时，总是要给步行者让路．所以"要将给步行者让路放在首位"是正确的．故选C．
39 B 细节理解题．根据"Bicycle Parking"部分中的"Trees，handrails…result in a fine．树木、扶手、走廊、和
标志杆，这些地方不允许停放自行车，否则会导致罚款"以及"Bicycle parking banned﹣﹣﹣﹣30dollars"违章
停放自行车﹣﹣﹣罚款30 美元．所以将自行车停在树下会罚款30 美元，故选B．
40 A 主旨大意题．A．自行车校园安全指南；B．自行车校园之旅；C．校园自行车比赛规则；D．校园骑
摩托车的规定；通读全文可知：本文讲述的主要是在校园里安全使用自行车，以及校园内骑自行车时要遵守
的交通规则．所以A 是正确的．故选A．
【点评】做阅读理解题时，首先要快速浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；然后结合后面的题目，进行有针对
性的细节阅读．
18．（12.5 分）Barditch High School decided to an All﹣School Reunion．Over 450 people came to the event．There
were tours of the old school building and a picnic at Confederate Park．Several former teachers were on hands to tell
stories about the old days．Ms．Mabel Yates，the English teacher for fifty years，was wheeled to the Park．
Some eyes rolled and there were a few low groans（嘟囔声）when Ms．Yates was about to speak．Many started
looking at their watches and coming up with excuses to be anywhere instead of preparing to listen to a lecture from
and old woman who had few kind words for her students and made them work harder than all the other teachers
combined．
Then Ms．Yates started to speak：
"I can't tell you how pleased I am to be here．I haven't seen many of you since your graduation，but I have followed
your careers and enjoyed your victories as well as crying for your tragedies．I have a large collection of newspaper
photographs of my students．Although I haven't appeared in person，I have attended your college graduations，
weddings and even the birth your children，in my imagination．"
Ms．Yates paused and started crying a bit．Then she continued：
"It was my belief that if I pushed you as hard as I could，some of you would succeed to please me and others would
succeed to annoy me．Regardless of our motives，I can see that you have all been successful in you chosen path．"
"There is no greater comfort for an educator than to see the end result of his or her years of work．You have all been
a great source of pleasure and pride for me and I want you to know I love you all from the bottom of my heart．"
There was a silence over the crowd for a few seconds and then someone started clapping．Tee clapping turned into
cheering，then into a deafening roar（呼喊）．Lawyers，truck drivers，bankers and models were rubbing their eyes
or crying openly with no shame all because of the words from a long forgotten English teacher from their
hometown．
41．What activity was organized for the school reunion？ C ．
A．Sightseeing in the park．
B．A picnic on the school playground．
C．Telling stories about past events．
D．Graduates'reports in the old building．
42．What can be inferred from Paragraph 2？ B ．
A．Some graduates were too busy to listen to Ms．Yates'speech．
B．Many graduates disliked Ms．Yates'ways of teaching．
C．Some people got tired from the reunion activities．
D．Most people had little interest in the reunion．
43．We can learn from Ms．Yates'speech that she A ．
A．kept track of her students'progress
B．gave her students advice on their careers
C．attended her students'college graduations
D．went to her students'wedding ceremonies．
44．What was Ms．Yates'belief in teaching teenagers？ C ．
A．Teachers'knowledge is the key to students'achievements．
B．Pressure on students from teachers should be reduced．
C．Hard﹣pushed students are more likely to succeed．
D．Students'respect is the best reward for teachers．
45．Which of the following can best describe Ms．Yates？ D ．
A．Reliable and devoted．
B．Tough and generous．
C．Proud but patient．
D．Strict but caring．
【考点】O5：科教类阅读；P1：内容归纳；P2：文中细节；P4：逻辑推理．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在一次同学聚会上老师发自肺腑的演讲．一位原本并不为学生所喜爱的
老师告诉学生，自从他们毕业后她一直在记录着关注着他们的一切．他相信对他们严格会让他们成功．通过
演讲，同学们知道了曾经讨厌的老师是如此可敬，一直陪伴他们成长．
【解答】41．答案：C．细节理解题．根据文章第一段的第四句"several former teachers were on hand to tell
stories about the old days．"可知，组织活动的目的是为了讲述过去发生的事情．故C 项正确．
42．答案：B．推理判断题．根据第二段的第一句根据"Many started looking at their watches and coming up with
excuses to be anywhere instead of preparing to listen to a lecture from an old woman who had few kind words for her
students and made them work harder than all the other teachers combined．"可知，当老师要说话时，学生寻找各
种借口去各个地方而不是准备听老师讲话．这个老师话很少，但老师要他们努力学习，比其他老师加起来的
还要多．可知，学生不喜欢他的教学方式．故B 项正确．
43．答案：A．细节理解题．根据文章第四段Ms．Yates 演讲的第二句中的"but I have followed your careers
and enjoyed your victories as well as crying for your tragedies．"可推断出，这位老师一直在关注着她的学生的成
长．故A 项正确．
44．答案：C．细节理解题．根据第六段第一句"It was my belief that if I pushed you as hard as I could，some of
you would succeed to please me and others would succeed to annoy me．"可知，Ms．Yates 认为她越是严厉地对
待学生，学生就越容易成功．故C 项正确．
45．答案：D．推理判断题．根据文章倒数第二段的最后一句中"I want you to know I love you all from the
bottom of my heart"和第六段的第一句"It was my belief that if I pushed you as hard as I could．"可推断出
Ms．Yates 是一个既严厉又充满了爱心的人，故D 项正确．
【点评】做这类题时，不仅要掌握文章的主旨大意，而且要根据题干在文章中找出关键信息进行细节理解，
并根据上下文猜测词义．
19．（12.5 分）The practice of students endlessly copying letters and sentences from a blackboard is a thing of the
past．With the coming of new technologies like computers and smartphone，writing by hand has become something
of nostalgic （怀旧的）skill．However，while today's educators are using more and more technology in their
teaching，many believe basic handwriting skills are still necessary for students to be successful﹣﹣﹣both in school
and in life．
Virginia Berninger，professor of educational psychology at the University of Washington，says it's important to
continue teaching handwriting and help children acquire the skill of writing by hand．
Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the ability of students to complete various writing tasks
﹣﹣﹣both on a computer and by hand．The study，published in 2009，found that when writing with a pen and
paper，participants wrote longer essays and more complete sentences and had a faster word production rate．
In a more recent study，Berninger looked at what role spelling plays in a student's writing skills and found that how
well children spell is tied to know well they can write．"Spelling makes some of the thinking parts of the brain active
which helps us access our vocabulary，word meaning and concepts．It is allowing our written language to connect
with ideas．"Berninger said．
Spelling helps students translate ideas into words in their mind first and then to transcribe（转换）"those words in
the mind written symbols on paper or keyboard and screen，"the study said．Seeing the words in the"mind's
eye"helps children not only to turn their ideas into words，says Berninger，but also to spot（发现） spelling
mistakes when they write the words down and to correct then over time．
"In our computer age，some people believe that we don't have to teach spelling because we have spell checks，"she
said．"But until a child has a functional spelling ability of about a fifth grade level，they won't have the knowledge
to choose the correct spelling among the options given by the computer．"
46．What makes writing by hand a thing of the past？ B ．
A．The absence of blackboard in classroom．
B．The use of new technologies in teaching．
C．The lack of practice in handwriting．
D．The popular use of smartphones．
47．Berninger's study published in 2009 A ．
A．focused on the difference between writing by hand and on a computer．
B．indicated that students prefer to write with a pen and paper．
C．found that good essays are made up of long sentences．
D．discussed the importance of writing speed．
48．Which of the following best shows the role of spelling？ B ．
A．Spelling improves one's memory of words．
B．Spelling ability is closely related to writing ability．
C．Spelling benefits the translation from words into ideas．
D．Spelling slows down finding exact words to express ideas．
49．What does"mind's eye"in paragraph 5mean？ D ．
A．Window．
B．Soul
C．Picture．
D．Imagination．
50．What conclusion could be drawn from the passage？ C ．
A．Computers can help people with their choice of words．
B．Spell checks can take the place of spelling teaching．
C．Handwriting still has a place in today's classrooms．
D．Functional spelling ability develops fast in the fifth grade．
【考点】O5：科教类阅读；P1：内容归纳；P2：文中细节．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文主要讲述的是：随着现代科技的发展，书写渐渐被人们所忽视．但是Berninger 的研究表明，
书写在现代教学中应该占有一席之地．加强拼写有助于学生的发展．
【解答】46．答案：B．细节理解题．根据第一段"With the coming of new technologies like computers and
smartphone，writing by hand has become something of nostalgic （怀旧的）skill．"可知随着像电脑和智能手机
的使用，书写已经成为了人们怀旧的东西．故答案选B．
47．答案：A．细节理解题．根据第三段首句"Berninger and her colleagues conducted a study that looked at the
ability of students to complete various writing tasks﹣﹣﹣both on a computer and by hand．"可知Berninger 和她
的同事做了个研究，想看看学生用电脑和用手工完成各种写的任务的情况．故答案选A．
48．答案：B．细节理解题．根据第四段首句"In a more recent study，Berninger looked at what role spelling
plays in a student's writing skills and found that how well children spell is tied to know well they can write．"可知在
更近的一次研究中，Berninge 想看看拼写在学生写作技巧中所发挥的什么作用，结果发现字写得好的孩子文
章也写得好． 故答案选B．
49．答案：D．词义猜测题．根据第五段中"Seeing the words in the"mind's eye"helps children not only to turn
their ideas into words，but also to notice spelling mistakes when they write the words down and to correct them over
time．"可知用内心去看这些单词，不仅能帮助学生们将思想变成文字，而且也能注意到拼写的错误和正确的
书写．联系本意：思想的眼睛则为想像之意．故选D
50．答案：C．主旨大意题．根据第一段特别是最后一句中"many believe handwriting skills are still necessary
for students to be successful﹣﹣both in school and in life．"句意：有许多人相信写作技能在学校与生活中依然
有必要学的．和文章的最后一段，首段说明随着新技术的到来，手写已经成为过去，之后文章中部提到手写
的好处，最后一段进一步阐明书写的重要．故答案选C．
【点评】这篇文章篇幅较长，学生要培养快速阅读能力．阅读这类文章，要抓住文章的核心，即文章整体和
各段主要在说什么，也要注意段落之间的逻辑关系．
20．（12.5 分）You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator．When you choose to be a
victim，the world is a cold and difficult place．"They"did things to you which caused all of your pain and
suffering．"They"are wrong and bad，and life is terrible as long as"they"are around．Or you may blame yourself for
all your problems，thus internalizing（内化）your victimization．The truth is，your life is likely to stay that way
as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others．
Those who choose to be creators look at life quite differently．They know there are individuals who might like to
control their lives，but they don't let this get in the way．They know they have their weaknesses，yet they don't
blame themselves when they fail．Whatever happens，they have choice in the matter．They believe their dance
with each sacred（神圣的）moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain
needed for emotional and spiritual growth．
Victims and creators live in the same physical world and deal with many of the same physical realities，yet their
experience of life is worlds apart．Victims relish （沉溺）in anger，guilt，and other emotions that cause others﹣
﹣﹣and even themselves﹣﹣﹣to feel like victims，too．Creators consciously choose love，inspiration，and
other qualities which inspire not only themselves，but all around them．Both victims and creators always have
choice to determine the direction of their lives．
In reality，all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our lives．One person，on losing a job or a
special relationship，may feel as if it is the end of the world and sink into terrible suffering for months，years，or
even a lifetime．Another with the same experience may choose to first experience the grief，then accept the loss and
soon move on to be a powerful creative force in his life．
In every moment and every circumstance，you can choose to have fuller，richer life by setting a clear intention to
transform the victim within，and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are．
51．What does the word"they"in Paragraph 1probably refer to？ A ．
A．People and things around you．
B．Opportunities and problems．
C．Creators and their choices．
D．Victims and their sufferings．
52．According to Paragraph 2，creators C ．
A．seem willing to experience failures in life
B．possess the ability to predict future life
C．handle ups and downs of life wisely
D．have potential to create something new
53．What can we learn from Paragraph 3？ B ．
A．Creators and victims face quite different things in life．
B．Creators and victims are masters of their lives．
C．Victims can influence more people than creators．
D．Compared with victims，creators are more emotional．
54．The examples mentioned in Paragraph 4show that A ．
A．strong attachment to sufferings in life pulls people into victims．
B．people need family support to deal with challengers in life．
C．it takes creators quite a long time to get rid of their pains．
D．one's experiences determine his attitude toward life．
55．What is the author's purpose in writing this passage？ D ．
A．To define victims and creators．
B．To evaluate victims against creators．
C．To explain the relationship between victims and creators．
D．To suggest the transformation from victims to creators．
【考点】O5：科教类阅读；P4：逻辑推理；P6：作者情感态度．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文讲述了两种截然不同的人，一种是消极悲观怨天尤人的"受害者"，另一种是积极主动主宰自己
命运的"缔造者"．在挫折面前他们表现出不同的态度，作者建议人们要转变心态从命运的"受害者"变成自己
命运的主宰者．
【解答】51．答案：A．推理判断题．从第一段的叙述："‘They'did things to you which caused all of your pain
and suffering．‘They'are wrong and bad，and life is terrible as long as‘They'are around．"可知"他们"所做的事
情，使你感觉到痛苦和折磨．他们品质败坏，态度恶劣，只要有他们环绕在你身边，你的生活也会很糟
糕．所以they 指除了自己以外的其他人或事．故A 选项正确．
52．答案：C．细节理解题．文章第二段描叙了那些积极乐观的人们"They believe their dance with each sacred
moment of life is a gift and that storms are a natural part of life which can bring the rain needed for emotional and
spiritual growth．"由此可知他们相信他们在生命中每一个神圣时刻的舞动都是一份礼物，而暴风雨也只是自
然生活的一部分，它会带来心灵和精神上成长所需的雨露．他们对待人生的坎坷起伏的态度是很明智的，C
选项正确．
53．答案：B．推理判断题．从第三段Both victims and creators always have choice to determine the direction of
their lives．推断可知B 选项正确．他们是自己命运的主人，主宰着自己人生的方向．本段是总分总结构，首
句或是尾句即可得出答案．创造者和受害者都是生活的
决定者．
54．答案：A．推理判断题．第四段首句"In reality，all of us play the victim or the creator at various points in our
lives．"即为主题句，意思是：事实上，在我们生活的许多方面我们都扮演着牺牲品或创造者的角色．此后的
例子用来作为论据证明此论点，所以A 选项正确．
55．答案：D．推理判断题．文章讲述了两种人对待挫折困境的不同态度，不同做法，最后提出文章中心即
作者的观点"you can choose to have a fuller，richer life by setting a clear intention to transform the victim within，
and by inviting into your life the powerful creator that you are．"建议人们不做生活的牺牲品，争做生活的创造者
建议人们不做生活的牺牲品，争做生活的创造者 所以D 选项正确．
【点评】做此类题的技巧
1．通读全文，了解大意．
2．带着问题，复读原文．
3．理解识别，推断归纳．
第三部分：写作第一节：阅读表达（共1 小题；每小题10 分，满分10 分）
21．（10 分）阅读短文，并按照题目要求用英语回答问题．
Born in 1949，Diana Nyad took an early interest in swimming as a sport and was a Florida State High School
swimming champion．Like many young athletes，she had Olympic dreams，but a serious illness kept her from
competing in the Games．The disappointment didn't stop her from going forward．Instead，she became interested
in marathon swimming．A brilliant athlete，she was well﹣conditioned for spending long periods of time in the
water．As a long﹣distance swimmer，she would compete against herself and the obstacles presented by
distance，danger，cold，and exhaustion．
For ten years Nyad devoted herself to becoming one of the world's best long﹣distance swimmers．In 1970，she
swam a ten﹣mile marathon in Lake Ontario，setting the women's record for the course．In 1972she set another
record by swimming 102.5miles from an island in the Bahamas to the coast of Florida．Then she broke a third record
when swimming around Manhattan Island in 1975．
Nyad attempted to swim the distance between Florida and Cuba in 1978．Though the span of water is less than
100miles wide，it is rough and dangerous．After battling the water for two days，she had to give for the sake of her
own health and safety．Even so，she impressed the world with her courage and strong desire to succeed．For Nyad
her strength of purpose was just as important as reading Cuba．That is how she defined success．It did not matter
that her swim came up short； she believed she had touched the other shore．
When Nyad ended her career as a swimmer，she continued to try new things﹣﹣﹣travelling the world as a
reporter，writing books and giving public speeches about her life．Diana Nyad works to inspire others，just as she
did when she swam the waters of the world．
56．What prevented Nyad from taking part in the Olympic Games？（No more than 5words）
A serious illness
57．What does the underlined word"obstacles"mean？（1word） Difficulties/Problems/Troubles/Challenges．
58．What achievement did Nyad make in 1970？（No more than 10words．） She swam a ten﹣mile marathon
and set women's record．
Or：She swam a ten﹣mile marathon，setting the women's record．
Or：She set the women's record for a ten﹣mile marathon swimming．
59．Why did Nyad believe that she had touched the other shore？（No more than 10words）
Because she had tried her best （to fulfill the task）．
Or：Her strength of purpose was as important as reaching Cuba． ．
60．Please explain how you are inspired by Nyad．（No more than 20words） I am encouraged by her
determination and strong will．
Or：I am inspired by her courage and strong desire to succeed．
Or：From her I learned that once we set a goal，we should try hard to achieve it．
Or：We should never give up in the face of difficulty/failure．
Or：We should never stop trying new things and we may achieve success in different fields． ．
【考点】O1：人物故事类；PA：阅读表达．菁优网版权所有
【分析】在1949 年出生，戴安娜Nyad 把游泳作为一种运动和早期的兴趣，是佛罗里达州高中游泳冠军．和
许多年轻运动员一样，她有奥运梦想，但一个严重的疾病使她不参加奥运会比赛．失望并没有阻止她前
进．相反，她开始对马拉松感兴趣．做为一个出色的运动员，她有良好的条件在水中呆很长的时间．作为一
个长距离的游泳运动员，她将与自己和由距离，危险，寒冷和疲劳带来的障碍进行竞争．
十年来，Nyad 致力于成为世界上最好的长距离游泳运动员的一员．1970 年，她在安大略湖中游了一次里
程10 英里的马拉松比赛，创立了该比赛的女子纪录．在1972，她创造了另一个记录，102.5 英里﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣
从一个在巴哈马海岸的岛到佛罗里达州的海岸．接下来，她又打破了第三个记录﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣在1975 年环游
曼哈顿岛．
在1978 年，Nyad 尝试在佛罗里达州和古巴之间游泳．虽然水的跨度不到100 英里宽，但海水汹涌和路程
危险．在与水搏斗了2 天之后，她为了自己的健康和安全而放弃了．即使如此，她用她的勇气和强烈成功的
愿望给世界留下了深刻的印象．对Nyad 来说，她意志的力量和为到达古巴一样重要．这就是她对成功的解
释．她游得长短这并不重要，她相信她已经碰了对岸．
当她作为一个游泳运动员结束她的职业生涯时，她还在不断尝试新的东西﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣作为一个记者环游
世界，从而写了很多书和给公众做了有关于她的生活的演讲．戴安娜Nyad 努力工作去鼓舞他人，就像她游
过世界上的水域而做的那样．
【解答】56．A serious illness （did）．细节理解题．根据第一段中的but a serious illness kept her from
competing in the Games 这句话可知一个严重的疾病使她不参加奥运会比赛．
57．Difficulties/Problems/Troubles/Challenges．词义推断题．根据第一段中下划线单词后面的"distance，
danger，cold，and exhaustion"和前面的"compete against"可知推知obstacles 的意思是在与自己和困难、挑战、
麻烦或问题作斗争．
58．She swam a ten﹣mile marathon and set women's record．
Or：She swam a ten﹣mile marathon，setting the women's record．
Or：She set the women's record for a ten﹣mile marathon swimming．细节理解题．根据第二段中的"In
1970，she swam a ten﹣mile marathon in Lake Ontario，setting the women's record for the course．"可知1970
年，她在安大略湖中游了一次里程10 英里的马拉松比赛，创立了该比赛的女子纪录．
59．Because she had tried her best （to fulfill the task）．
Or：Her strength of purpose was as important as reaching Cuba．细节理解题．根据第三段中的"For Nyad her
strength of purpose was just as important as reading Cuba．"可知对Nyad 来说，她意志的力量和为到达古巴一样
重要．
60．I am encouraged by her determination and strong will．
Or：I am inspired by her courage and strong desire to succeed．
Or：From her I learned that once we set a goal，we should try hard to achieve it．
Or：We should never give up in the face of difficulty/failure．
Or：We should never stop trying new things and we may achieve success in different fields．细节理解题．根据
文章的整体意思来看主要讲述的是Diana Nyad 生平事迹，当她作为一个游泳运动员取得了很大的成就；在结
束她的职业生涯时，她还在不断尝试新的东西﹣﹣﹣﹣﹣作为一个记者环游世界，写了很多书和给公众做了
有关于她的生活的演讲，进而激励人们取得成功，所以可以得知她的意志力和决心在不断地鼓励着人们．
【点评】题目重在理解全文的意思．对于题目中所提的问题要充分理解原文，在文章中找到答案，利用文章
的信息进行作答，写的过程中注意形式上的变化和词的选用，符合题目前后文的要求．
第二节：书面表达（满分25 分）
22．（25 分）假设你是李津，你的美国朋友Chris 就读于天津某国际学校．他熟悉中国文化，特别是戏曲文
化．8 月5 日下午2：00 在新落成的天津大剧院将上演越剧《梁山伯与祝英台》．请你根据以下提示，用英语
给Chris 写一封电子邮件，邀请他一起观看演出．
*提出邀请并简述原因；
*提出观剧后活动建议（如参观附近的博物馆或美术馆等）
*请求对方回复
注意：
1．请使用规范英语，词数不少于100；
2．可适当加入细节，以使内容充实、行文连贯；
3．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数．
参考词汇：
越剧：Shaoxing Opera《梁山伯与祝英台》Butterfly Lovers
天津大剧院Tianjin Grand Theater
Dear Chris，
I have good news to tell you． A Shaoxing Opera named Butterfly Lovers will be on show in TianjinGrand
Theater，which was just completed，at 2：00 p．m．on August 5th．Itis because I know you like the culture of
China，especially drama that Iwould like to invite you to admire it．
As we all know，Butterfly Lovers is a traditional drama，telling about two young person'smoving love story．After
watching it，shall we visit some places nearby，suchas the art museum，in which lots of rich art will appeal to you
enormously？
I would be very glad if youcome．Looking forward to your early reply．
Yours，
Li Jin．
【考点】R1：提纲类；S4：应用文．菁优网版权所有
【分析】本文是一篇提纲作文．根据所提供的材料，写一封信给Chris 写一封电子邮件，邀请他一起观看演
出．要点包括：提出邀请并简述原因；提出观剧后活动建议；请求对方回复．写作时以一般现在时为主．人
称以第一人称为主．重要短语：be on show （在展览），would like to （想要做），invite sb to do（邀请某人
做某事），appeal to （吸引），look forward to doing （期望做某事）．
【解答】Dear Chris，
I have good news to tell you．A ShaoxingOpera named Butterfly Lovers will be on show in Tianjin Grand
Theater，whichwas just completed，at 2：00 p．m．on August 5th．【高分句型】It is because I know you like the
cultureof China，especially drama that I would like to invite you to admire it．【高分句型】（提出邀请并简述原
因）
As we all know，Butterfly Lovers is a traditional drama，telling about two young person'smoving love story．【高分
句型】After watching it，shall we visit someplaces nearby，such as the art museum，in which lots of rich art will
appeal toyou enormously？【高分句型】（提出关剧后活动建议）
I would be very glad if youcome．Looking forward to your early reply．（请求对方回复）
【点评】提纲作文在写作时要注意内容是否包含了所有要点，并适当增加细节．写作时注意准确运用时态，
上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使
文章显得更有档次，平时需注意积累短语和重要句型．
