【2026版高中步步高同步复习高中英语选择性必修四练透wordUnit 3训练2Reading and Thinking

(分值：50分)

Ⅰ.单句写作(课文佳句仿写)(满分15分)

1．虽然没有先进的设备，人类在古代就开始探索海洋。(although引导让步状语从句；set about)

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2．现在有现代设备可使用，我们可以在海底得到更多的矿产资源。(with的复合结构；in hand)

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3．过度开发是有害的，急需保护海洋免遭破坏。(there is an urgent need to do)

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4．因此，所有国家已经在商讨如何适度开发海洋，这是有益的。(which引导非限制性定语从句；negotiate)

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5．毕竟，为后代保护海洋是非常重要的。(it is＋adj.＋to do)

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　以上句子可以加上过渡词语和其他联想内容组成一篇小短文。

Ⅱ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)

A

With needle-like teeth and sharp pointed nose，a gray nurse shark isn’t a creature that most people would want to meet.But Shalise Leesfield isn’t one of them.

The Australian teenager couldn’t think of a better creature to meet when scuba diving off the coast of South West Rocks，near her home in Port Macquarie，a coastal town north of Sydney.

“Many people say gray nurse sharks look frightening，but I think they are the sweetest animals ever，” she says.

The slow-moving sharks，which like to stay near the sea floor in warm，shallow waters，are—for the most part—harmless to humans.But the gray nurse shark is under threat.Populations have fallen and habitats have been lost due to ocean warming and human development，according to the International Union for Conservation of Nature(IUCN)，which lists the species as seriously endangered.

One area where they can still be seen is Fish Rock，an underwater cavern(洞穴) with a unique ecosystem,40 miles up the coast from Leesfield’s home.But fishers are allowed access within 200 meters of Fish Rock.This is leading to a drop in the number of gray nurse sharks and increased pollution，says Leesfield.She wants to enlarge the no-fishing area，establishing a protected zone.

With Leesfield’s efforts，the area has been nominated as a Hope Spot，which is part of the Mission Blue program launched by famous oceanographer Sylvia Earle that identifies places as critically important to the ocean’s health and supports protection.

“When people think about Hope Spots，they think about Sydney Harbour or the Great Barrier Reef.So to get Fish Rock up on that list is just such incredible news，” she says.

Now，Leesfield is working with politician Cate Faehrmann，marine spokesperson for the Australian Greens party in New South Wales，to legalize protection of the sharks and make the no-fishing zone protected by the law.

1．What does “them” refer to in the first paragraph?

A．Gray nurse sharks.

B．Common people.

C．People fearing gray nurse sharks.

D．Fishers.

2．What has led to gray nurse sharks’ being seriously endangered?

A．The development of tourism in the ocean.

B．The sharks’ preference to stay in shallow waters.

C．The feature of gray nurse sharks’ slow-moving.

D．Fishers’ being permitted within 200 meters of Fish Rock.

3．What will Leesfield and Faehrmann do to protect gray nurse sharks?

A．Recommend the Fish Rock as a Hope Spot being protected.

B．Identify the Hope Spot area as being critically important.

C．Make Fish Rock more popular among fishers nearby.

D．Make laws to protect the no-fishing zone near Fish Rock.

4．Which might be the best title of the article?

A．The Australian Teenager Is on a Mission to Protect Sharks

B．Increased Pollution Leads to Gray Nurse Sharks Endangered

C．Gray Nurse Sharks Are in Danger!

D．Let’s Establish a Protected Zone!

B

In April 2023，a new species of box jellyfish was discovered in Hong Kong.It is a relative of the deadly Australian box jellyfish，one of the most venomous(有毒的) animals on Earth.One sting(蜇伤) from it can kill a person in minutes.

A university team in Hong Kong，led by Qiu Jianwen from the Hong Kong Baptist University，discovered it at the Mai Po Nature Reserve，a local wetland area.It was the first discovery of a new box jellyfish species in Chinese waters.

But it’s not the first time biology professor Qiu has discovered a new creature.He’s made more than 30 discoveries in about 20 years spent exploring new marine animals.

Qiu doesn’t go looking for new species on purpose.In 2014，he did research on the health of coral in Hong Kong waters.To learn more，Qiu and his team needed to find all of the coral species involved.And in doing so，they discovered four new coral species.

Finding new species reminds Qiu of how biologically diverse Hong Kong’s waters are.Hong Kong takes up just 0.03 percent of China’s total marine area，yet it is home to more than 25 percent of all marine species recorded in China，a report by the University of Hong Kong showed.

However，Hong Kong’s marine animals face threats，due to factors including habitat loss，climate change and overuse of natural resources.

Although action is being taken，it focuses more on bigger creatures，like dolphins and birds.“Many marine species are small and they are often overlooked.If these species were to become extinct，few people would notice or care.But for me，each one has its rightful place，” said Qiu.

He hopes everyone can recognize the importance of the ocean.“When more people show concern for the ocean，we are，in fact，acting for our own benefit，” he said.

5．Where was the new species of box jellyfish found?

A．In a university lab of HK.

B．In the ocean of Australia.

C．In a nature reserve of HK.

D．In a wetland of Australia.

6．What was Qiu’s task in 2014?

A．To find new species of coral for the study.

B．To study the health condition of coral.

C．To study the living environment of coral.

D．To find all coral species in the world.

7．What can we know about the marine animals in HK?

A．All of them are dying out.

B．No action is being taken to protect them.

C．Habitat loss is the biggest threat to them.

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