孩子四个时态总是混？先别急着刷题。

时态乱，九成不是"没背熟"，而是三件事没理清：一个句子该用 be 还是实义动词、动词该怎么变形、看到时间词该切到哪一档。

这篇把这三件事一次讲透，配三张脑图，看到最后可以直接保存打印。

01 一张图看懂四个时态

先把四个时态摆在一起看。分开学容易乱，放一张表里反而清楚：

文字脑图｜四大时态总览

看到一个句子，按这个顺序判断：

02 骨架：be 动词 vs 实义动词

这是整篇文章最该记住的一节。

英语句子在动词位置上有严格分工，一句话只能有一个动词中心：

• 有实义动作（吃、去、玩、有、喜欢），就用实义动词，不需要 be
• 没有实义动作，只是在说是什么、怎么样、在哪里，就必须用 be 撑起来

用一句话记：

be 动词后面只能跟这五样东西

只要空格后面是这五类，前面就一定是 be。

文字脑图｜be 与实义动词

六组最容易混的对比

03 三个变形规则，一次记全

时态的形式错，八成集中在这三处。

3.1 三单：一般现在时，主语是 he / she / it

3.2 过去式：规则 + 不规则

规则变化只有五条：加 ed、加 d（e 结尾）、改 y 为 i 加 ed、双写加 ed、以及少数不变。

真正要花时间的是不规则动词。别按字母顺序背，按组背：

3.3 现在分词：-ing 的五种变法

三条容易被忽略的例外：see → seeing（ee 不去 e）、open → opening（重音在前，不双写）、visit → visiting（重音不在最后，不双写）。

文字脑图｜三个变形规则

04 四个时态的结构（分 be 句和实义动词句）

这一节是全文最实用的部分，建议截图收藏。

一般现在时

一般过去时

现在进行时

只有 be 句，没有实义动词单独作谓语的形式——这就是孩子写 She singing 出错的原因。

一般将来时

⚠️ 两个高频坑：It will fine ✗（接形容词要加 be → It will be fine）；There will have ✗（→ There will be）。

文字脑图｜结构（分 be 句 / do 句）

05 四条铁律，贴在书桌上

一句口诀收尾：

06 自测：30 秒看孩子哪一关没过

随口报五个句子，让孩子只说"be 还是 do"，不要求变形：

1. She is tall.
2. He plays football.
3. They are in the park.
4. I have a dog.
5. It is raining.

全对 → 骨架已建立，可以练时态填空了。 错两题以上 → 先补骨架，别急着做时态题，否则会一直在同一个地方摔。

07 自测题：100 题分层练习

按"变形 → 结构 → 综合"三步走。前三个部分是地基，后六个部分是应用。 建议先做前三部分，正确率 90% 以上再往后。

一、写出三单形式（10 题）

1. go → ______
2. watch → ______
3. study → ______
4. have → ______
5. play → ______
6. wash → ______
7. fly → ______
8. do → ______
9. carry → ______
10. be → ______

二、写出过去式（15 题）

11. go → ______
12. see → ______
13. buy → ______
14. stop → ______
15. study → ______
16. have → ______
17. eat → ______
18. take → ______
19. put → ______
20. read → ______
21. swim → ______
22. watch → ______
23. tell → ______
24. run → ______
25. bring → ______

三、写出现在分词（10 题）

26. play → ______
27. write → ______
28. run → ______
29. take → ______
30. swim → ______
31. sit → ______
32. see → ______
33. shop → ______
34. dance → ______
35. open → ______

四、一般现在时（10 题）

用所给词的适当形式填空。

36. My father ___ (be) a doctor.
37. My father ___ (go) to work by bus every day.
38. She ___ (not be) at home now.
39. He ___ (not like) milk.
40. We ___ (be) students of Grade Six.
41. Amy ___ (watch) TV every evening.
42. They ___ (not have) any classes on Sunday.
43. The sun ___ (rise) in the east.
44. My mother ___ (not be) a teacher.
45. Lingling ___ (study) English every day.

五、一般过去时（10 题）

46. It ___ (be) Daming's birthday yesterday.
47. We ___ (visit) the museum last week.
48. He ___ (not be) at school yesterday.
49. I ___ (not go) to the park yesterday.
50. They ___ (be) very happy last Sunday.
51. She ___ (buy) a new bike two days ago.
52. My father ___ (not watch) TV last night.
53. The children ___ (play) football just now.
54. It ___ (not be) cold yesterday.
55. He ___ (eat) two apples this morning.

六、现在进行时（10 题）

56. Look! The sun ___ (shine).
57. The boys ___ (play) basketball now.
58. She ___ (not read) a book now.
59. Listen! Someone ___ (sing) in the room.
60. They ___ (not swim) in the lake now.
61. My mother ___ (cook) in the kitchen.
62. The baby ___ (sleep) at the moment.
63. We ___ (not watch) TV now.
64. The students ___ (clean) the classroom now.
65. He ___ (write) a letter now.

七、一般将来时（10 题）

66. I ___ (go) to Beijing next week.
67. It ___ (be) fine tomorrow.
68. They ___ (not go) to the zoo tomorrow.
69. She ___ (be) a teacher in the future.
70. We ___ (be going to) have a picnic this weekend.
71. He ___ (not be) late tomorrow.
72. My brother ___ (play) football this afternoon.
73. We ___ (not be going to) swim tomorrow.
74. There ___ (be) a new library next year.
75. My mother ___ (cook) fish for us this evening.

八、改为否定句（10 题）

76. She is a nurse.
77. He plays football every day.
78. They are in the classroom.
79. I like apples.
80. He was at home yesterday.
81. We went to the park last Sunday.
82. She is singing now.
83. They will come tomorrow.
84. My sister has a new bike.
85. The children are playing games.

九、综合填空（10 题）

86. My name ___ (be) Sam. I ___ (be) twelve.
87. Every morning I ___ (get) up at six thirty.
88. Yesterday I ___ (get) up at seven.
89. Look! My mother ___ (cook) breakfast now.
90. Tomorrow I ___ (get) up at six.
91. My sister ___ (like) music very much.
92. She ___ (not like) sports.
93. Last Sunday we ___ (go) to the park.
94. Now we ___ (be) at home.
95. Next Sunday we ___ (be going to) visit our grandma.

答案（做完再看）

一、三单

1. goes　2. watches　3. studies　4. has　5. plays　6. washes　7. flies　8. does　9. carries　10. is

二、过去式

11. went　12. saw　13. bought　14. stopped　15. studied　16. had　17. ate　18. took　19. put　20. read　21. swam　22. watched　23. told　24. ran　25. brought

三、现在分词

26. playing　27. writing　28. running　29. taking　30. swimming　31. sitting　32. seeing　33. shopping　34. dancing　35. opening

四、一般现在时

36. is　37. goes　38. isn't　39. doesn't like　40. are　41. watches　42. don't have　43. rises　44. isn't　45. studies

五、一般过去时

46. was　47. visited　48. wasn't　49. didn't go　50. were　51. bought　52. didn't watch　53. played　54. wasn't　55. ate

六、现在进行时

56. is shining　57. are playing　58. isn't reading　59. is singing　60. aren't swimming　61. is cooking　62. is sleeping　63. aren't watching　64. are cleaning　65. is writing

七、一般将来时

66. will go　67. will be　68. won't go　69. will be　70. are going to　71. won't be　72. will play　73. aren't going to　74. will be　75. will cook / is going to cook

八、否定句

76. She isn't a nurse.
77. He doesn't play football every day.
78. They aren't in the classroom.
79. I don't like apples.
80. He wasn't at home yesterday.
81. We didn't go to the park last Sunday.
82. She isn't singing now.
83. They won't come tomorrow.
84. My sister doesn't have a new bike.
85. The children aren't playing games.

九、综合填空

86. is; am　87. get　88. got　89. is cooking　90. will get　91. likes　92. doesn't like　93. went　94. are　95. are going to

三道必须弄懂的题

第 84 题｜has 的否定

不是 doesn't has，也不是 isn't have。has 是实义动词，否定要借助 doesn't，同时 has 回原形。这一题能吃透，说明助动词概念真正到位了。

第 32 题｜see 不加双写

以 ee 结尾不去 e，也不双写。可以对比 run → running、sit → sitting 一起讲，孩子才不会机械地"见到短词就双写"。

第 67 题｜will 后接形容词要加 be

fine 是形容词，必须有 be 撑着。同类错误还有 There will have ✗（应为 There will be）。

08 错题怎么用，决定练多少遍才有用

做完不只对答案，要归类：

同一类错误超过 5 题，只补那一类，不要整卷重做。 集中火力比全面复习有效得多。

写在最后

时态不是"背出来的"，是"判断出来的"。

孩子每做一道题，让他说一句判断依据——"我看到 Look!，所以用现在进行时"——说得出来才算会，蒙对不算。这一句话，比多做十道题都值。