本次从外研版高中英语选择性必修第三册Unit 5全单元词汇中，筛选高考最高频、语法填空必考、完形易混淆、写作可直接套用的10个核心词汇。剔除偏僻小众词汇，聚焦考场重难点、固定搭配与词形转换考点，搭配原创标准化专项练习，适配高二同步巩固、高三一轮复习，全文知识点严谨零错误、排版清爽，可直接打印背诵刷题。

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1. mimic /ˈmɪmɪk/ v. 模仿；模拟 adj. 模仿的；虚假的

核心考点：读写高频核心词，仿生学、科技类阅读必考，完形常考词义辨析，语法填空侧重词形变形，写作可高级替换copy、imitate。

词形变形：mimic n. 模仿品｜mimicry n.（专业）生物拟态（高中不考）｜mimetic adj. 模仿的

高频搭配：mimic natural processes 模拟自然过程｜mimic others’ gestures 模仿他人动作

高分例句：Many modern technologies mimic the unique functions of living creatures in nature.

2. convert /kənˈvɜːt/ v. 转换；转化；兑换

核心考点：高考万能动词，能源、科技、生活类话题高频，语法填空必考名词变形，固定搭配为单选、改错高频考点。

词形变形：conversion n. 转换；转化｜convertible adj. 可转换的；可兑换的

高频搭配：convert A into B 把A转化为B｜convert sunlight into electricity 将阳光转化为电能

高分例句：Solar panels can convert solar energy into usable electric energy efficiently.

3. frontier /ˈfrʌntɪə/ n. 知识前沿；边界；前沿领域

核心考点：科技、探索类写作满分词汇，完形、阅读高频词，常考固定搭配，适配高端书面表达。

高频搭配：the frontier of science 科学前沿｜push back the frontiers of knowledge 拓展知识边界

高分例句：Space exploration remains one of the most promising frontiers of modern science.

4. sow /səʊ/ v. 播种；埋下（隐患）；传播

核心考点：熟词生义超级高频，除“播种”外，抽象义“埋下隐患、传播情绪”为高考完形、写作重难点，易失分考点。

词形变形：sowing n. 播种｜sower n. 播种者；传播者

高频搭配：sow seeds 播种｜sow the seeds of conflict 埋下冲突的隐患｜sow doubt 散布疑虑

高分例句：Careless words may sow the seeds of misunderstanding between people.

5. wisdom /ˈwɪzdəm/ n. 智慧；明智；处世之道

核心考点：成长、人生感悟类写作万能名词，语法填空必考形容词、副词变形，阅读高频辨析词汇。

词形变形：wise adj. 明智的；聪慧的｜wisely adv. 明智地；聪明地

高频搭配：the wisdom of the ages 古人的智慧｜gain wisdom from experience 从经验中习得智慧

高分例句：We can gain precious wisdom from failures and life experiences.

6. employ /ɪmˈplɔɪ/ v. 运用；使用；雇用

核心考点：高考高频多义词，写作高级替换use，侧重“运用方法、技术”，词形转换为语法填空必考题型。

词形变形：employment n. 就业；雇用｜employee n. 雇员｜employer n. 雇主｜unemployed adj. 失业的

高频搭配：employ new methods 运用新方法｜be employed in doing sth. 忙于做某事

高分例句：We should employ diverse methods to solve complex problems in study and life.

7. reluctant /rɪˈlʌktənt/ adj. 不情愿的；勉强的

核心考点：完形填空态度类高频词，语法填空必考副词、名词变形，固定搭配为考场高频考点。

词形变形：reluctantly adv. 不情愿地｜reluctance n. 勉强；不情愿

高频搭配：be reluctant to do sth. 不情愿做某事｜a reluctant agreement 勉强的同意

高分例句：He was reluctant to give up his hobby though he was busy with his studies.

8. withdraw /wɪðˈdrɔː/ v. 退出；撤回；提取（钱款）

核心考点：高考重难点动词，多义辨析为完形高频，名词变形、固定搭配为语法填空、改错必考。

词形变形：withdrawal n. 退出；撤回；提款｜withdrawn adj. 内向的；孤僻的

高频搭配：withdraw from the competition 退出比赛｜withdraw money from the bank 银行取款

高分例句：The athlete had to withdraw from the match because of a sudden injury.

9. evaluate /ɪˈvæljueɪt/ v. 评估；评价；估算

核心考点：教育、社会热点类读写核心词，写作高级替换judge、assess，名词变形为高考高频考点。

词形变形：evaluation n. 评估；评价｜evaluative adj. 评价性的

高频搭配：evaluate risks 评估风险｜evaluate academic performance 评价学业表现

高分例句：We should objectively evaluate our strengths and weaknesses in study.

10. attain /əˈteɪn/ v. 获得；实现；达到

核心考点：励志、成长类写作高分动词，高级替换achieve、get，词形转换适配语法填空，完形常考词义辨析。

词形变形：attainment n. 成就；实现｜attainable adj. 可实现的；可达到的

高频搭配：attain one’s goals 实现目标｜attain success 获得成功｜attain high standards 达到高标准

高分例句：With continuous efforts, we can finally attain our dreams and ideal life.

题型一：单项选择（10题｜精准对应核心考点）

1. Modern bionic technology can ______ the abilities of creatures to create better equipment.

A. mimic  B. withdraw  C. sow  D. attain

2. The new device can ______ waste heat ______ usable electric energy efficiently.

A. convert; into  B. turn; for  C. transform; with  D. change; on

3. Many young scientists are devoting themselves to exploring the ______ of modern technology.

A. frontier  B. wisdom  C. cottage  D. lane

4. Impulsive words will ______ the seeds of conflict between friends.

A. employ  B. sow  C. evaluate  D. convert

5. We can learn much ______ from traditional culture and ancient stories.

A. capability  B. wisdom  C. fulfilment  D. regulation

6. Teachers always encourage students to ______ different learning skills to improve efficiency.

A. employ  B. mimic  C. withdraw  D. reject

7. Most people are ______ to step out of their comfort zones and try new things.

A. consistent  B. reluctant  C. artificial  D. superb

8. Due to the severe injury, the player had to ______ from the national competition.

A. withdraw  B. attain  C. evaluate  D. convert

9. Before making a decision, we need to ______ all possible risks carefully.

A. assess  B. evaluate  C. analyse  D. witness

10. Only by persistent efforts can we ______ our long-term life goals.

A. attain  B. abandon  C. resolve  D. broaden

题型二：词性转换（10题｜对标高考语法填空）

1. This bionic design is a perfect ______ (mimic) of natural plant structures.

2. The ______ (convert) of solar energy greatly helps reduce energy waste.

3. Scientists are constantly exploring the ______ (frontier) of medical science.

4. His careless remarks led to the ______ (sow) of doubt among the public.

5. Old people are usually more ______ (wisdom) and experienced in dealing with things.

6. The company plans to ______ (employment) new technology to improve production.

7. She ______ (reluctant) agreed to take part in the unwanted activity.

8. His ______ (withdraw) from the team surprised all his teammates.

9. We need a fair ______ (evaluate) of every student’s comprehensive ability.

10. These small goals are easily ______ (attain) for most hard-working students.

题型三：话题翻译（5题｜作文高分句型｜预留书写横线）

1. 许多现代科技从大自然中获取灵感，模拟生物的独特功能。

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2. 我们可以通过合理的方法，将劣势转化为成长的动力。

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3. 年轻一代应该勇于探索科学前沿，不断拓展认知边界。

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4. 我们不应不情愿地接受挑战，而要主动运用智慧克服困难。

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5. 脚踏实地的努力终将帮助我们实现人生目标，收获成就感。

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