初中英语全册单词 · 40篇短文速记系列 · 第 4 篇
考频标注:5 极高频必背4 高频重点3 中频2 低频1 极少- 未收录
欢迎来到《40篇短文搞定初中英语全册词汇》系列第4篇!本篇继续七年级下册核心词汇,涵盖四大主题:动物世界、天气与季节、外貌描述、餐饮与点餐。
这些主题都是中考高频话题,词汇实用性极强。每篇短文融入约40个核心单词,配合彩色考频标注,让你在真实语境中高效记忆。
坚持每天背诵一篇,40天攻克初中全册词汇!收藏本文,随时复习。
短文 13:Why Do You Like Pandas? 动物世界
📖 短文内容
Why do you like pandas? Because they are cute and friendly. Pandas are from China. They eat bamboo and sleep a lot. I also like elephants — they are smart and strong. They can play soccer and draw. But I don't like tigers — they are scary. My favorite animal is the giraffe. It has a long neck and eats leaves from tall trees. The koala is from Australia. It sleeps during the day and gets up at night. The lion is the king of the forest. It is lazy but dangerous. We can see many animals at the zoo. There are monkeys, bears, snakes, and birds. Some animals are in great danger. People cutdown trees and pollute the water. We must save the animals and protect their homes. Animals are our friends!
📝 参考翻译
你为什么喜欢熊猫?因为它们可爱又友好。熊猫来自中国。它们吃竹子,经常睡觉。我也喜欢大象——它们聪明又强壮。它们会踢足球和画画。但我不喜欢老虎——它们很吓人。 我最喜欢的动物是长颈鹿。它有长长的脖子,吃高树上的叶子。考拉来自澳大利亚。它白天睡觉,晚上起床。狮子是森林之王。它很懒但很危险。 我们可以在动物园看到很多动物。有猴子、熊、蛇和鸟。有些动物处于极大的危险中。人们砍伐树木,污染水源。我们必须拯救动物,保护它们的家园。动物是我们的朋友!
🔑 重点词汇讲解
why /wai/
用法:疑问副词,"为什么",询问原因。句型:Why do you like...? 你为什么喜欢……?回答:用 Because... 回答。延伸:Why not do sth.? 为什么不做某事?(表建议)
cute / friendly / smart
形容词辨析:cute 可爱的(小巧惹人爱);friendly 友好的(be friendly to sb.);smart 聪明的(与 clever 近义);scary 吓人的(修饰事物);scared 害怕的(修饰人)。
be from / come from
搭配:be from = come from 来自。如 Pandas are from China. = Pandas come from China.注意:be from 的否定为 be not from;come from 的否定为 don't/doesn't come from。
danger / dangerous / in danger
构词:danger n. 危险 + -ous(形容词后缀)= dangerous adj. 危险的。搭配:in great danger 处于极大危险中;out of danger 脱离危险;It's dangerous to do sth. 做某事很危险。反义词:safe 安全的。
save /seiv/
一词多义:①拯救,挽救(save the animals)②节省,节约(save money/time)③保存(save the file)。搭配:save one's life 救某人的命;save up 储蓄。延伸:safe adj. 安全的;safety n. 安全。
cut down
短语:cut down 砍倒,削减。延伸:cut up 切碎;cut off 切断;cut in 插嘴;cut out 删除。注意:cut 的过去式/过去分词为 cut(不规则)。
sleep / lazy /sli:p/ /'leizi/
辨析:sleep v.&n. 睡觉(go to sleep 入睡);lazy adj. 懒惰的。延伸:asleep adj. 睡着的(fall asleep 入睡);sleepy adj. 困倦的。反义:lazy ↔ hard-working 勤奋的。
kind of
搭配:kind of 稍微,有点儿(口语,修饰形容词),如 kind of cute 有点可爱。辨析:a kind of 一种……;all kinds of 各种各样的;different kinds of 不同种类的。
📋 单词列表(第 1-39 词,共 39 词)
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| 5 极高频必背 |
短文 14:How Is the Weather? 天气与季节
📖 短文内容
How is the weather today? It is sunny and warm. I love sunny days — I can go out and play. But yesterday it was rainy and cold. I stayed at home and read a book. In spring, the weather is warm and windy. Flowers come out and trees turn green. In summer, it is hot and humid. We often go swimming and eat ice-cream. In autumn, it is cool and dry. The leaves turn yellow and fall down. In winter, it is cold and snowy. We make snowmen and drink hot tea. What is the weather like in your city? Does it rain a lot? Is it very cold in winter? The weather report says it will be cloudy tomorrow. The temperature will be 15 to 20 degrees. It is a good time to go hiking. I like spring best because everything is new and beautiful. What is your favorite season?
📝 参考翻译
今天天气怎么样?阳光明媚,温暖宜人。我喜欢晴天——我可以出去玩。但昨天下雨又冷。我待在家里看书。 春天,天气温暖多风。花儿开放,树木变绿。夏天,天气炎热潮湿。我们经常去游泳,吃冰淇淋。秋天,天气凉爽干燥。树叶变黄落下。冬天,天气寒冷多雪。我们堆雪人,喝热茶。 你城市的天气怎么样?经常下雨吗?冬天很冷吗?天气预报说明天多云。气温将在15到20度之间。这是去远足的好时候。 我最喜欢春天,因为一切都是新的、美丽的。你最喜欢的季节是什么?
🔑 重点词汇讲解
weather /'weðə/
句型:How is the weather? = What is the weather like? 天气怎么样?注意:weather 不可数名词,不能说 a weather。同音词:whether conj. 是否。搭配:weather report 天气预报。
sunny / rainy / cloudy / snowy / windy
天气形容词:sunny 晴朗的(sun太阳+y);rainy 下雨的(rain雨+y);cloudy 多云的(cloud云+y);snowy 下雪的(snow雪+y);windy 有风的(wind风+y)。构词规律:名词+y = 形容词。
spring / summer / autumn / winter
四季:spring 春天;summer 夏天;autumn/fall 秋天(英式autumn,美式fall);winter 冬天。用法:季节前不加冠词,如 in spring。搭配:in spring/summer/autumn/winter 在春/夏/秋/冬天。
temperature /'temprətʃə/
搭配:high/low temperature 高/低温;the temperature is 20 degrees 气温20度;take one's temperature 量体温。注意:temperature 可作可数或不可数。延伸:temper n. 脾气(lose one's temper 发脾气)。
warm / hot / cool / cold
温度形容词:warm 温暖的;hot 炎热的;cool 凉爽的;cold 寒冷的。延伸:hot 还有"辣的"之意;cool 还有"酷的"之意。比较级:warmer, hotter, cooler, colder(hot双写t)。
humid / dry /'hju:mid/ /drai/
辨析:humid 潮湿的(气候湿润);dry 干燥的。延伸:humidity n. 湿度;dry v. 使干燥(dry clothes 晾干衣服)。搭配:dry up 干涸;dry out 干透。
degree /di'gri:/
一词多义:①度,度数(20 degrees 20度)②学位(a bachelor's degree 学士学位)③程度(to some degree 在某种程度上)。注意:表示温度时,degree 常用复数 degrees。
go hiking
搭配:go hiking 去远足;go swimming 去游泳;go shopping 去购物;go fishing 去钓鱼;go boating 去划船。规律:go + doing 表示去进行某项户外活动。
📋 单词列表(第 40-76 词,共 37 词)
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短文 15:What Does He Look Like? 外貌描述
📖 短文内容
What does your friend look like? She is tall and thin. She has long straight hair and big eyes. She wears glasses. She is really beautiful. My brother is short and heavy. He has short curly hair. He does not wear glasses. He has a roundface and a small nose. He looks like my father. People in my family look different. My mother is of mediumheight. She has blonde hair and she is thin. My father is tall and a littleheavy. He has brown hair and wears a beard. What do you look like? Are you tall or short? Do you have long hair or short hair? Is your hair straight or curly? What color are your eyes? I think everyone is special in their own way. We should not judge people by their looks. A kind heart is more important than a pretty face!"
📝 参考翻译
你的朋友长什么样?她又高又瘦。她有长长的直发和大眼睛。她戴眼镜。她真的很漂亮。 我弟弟又矮又胖。他有短短的卷发。他不戴眼镜。他有一张圆脸和一个小鼻子。他看起来像我爸爸。 我家的人看起来各不相同。我妈妈中等身高。她有金色的头发,很瘦。我爸爸很高,有点胖。他有棕色的头发,留着胡子。 你长什么样?你高还是矮?你有长发还是短发?你的头发是直的还是卷的?你的眼睛是什么颜色? 我认为每个人都有自己独特的地方。我们不应该以貌取人。善良的心比漂亮的脸蛋更重要!
🔑 重点词汇讲解
look like
句型:What does sb. look like? 某人长什么样?(询问外貌)辨析:look like 看起来像(外貌);be like 像……(性格/品质)。如 What is he like? 他人怎么样?(问性格)
tall / short / heavy / thin
外貌形容词:tall 高的;short 矮的/短的;heavy 重的/胖的;thin 瘦的。委婉表达:说人胖用 heavy 比 fat 更礼貌;说人瘦用 slim 比 thin 更褒义。of medium height/build 中等身高/身材。
straight / curly hair
发型表达:long/short hair 长/短发;straight/curly hair 直/卷发;blonde/brown/black hair 金/棕/黑发。注意:hair 通常不可数,但表示几根头发时可数。如 a hair 一根头发。搭配:have long hair 留长发。
wear glasses
搭配:wear glasses 戴眼镜;wear a beard 留胡子;wear a hat 戴帽子。辨析:wear 穿着/戴着(强调状态);put on 穿上(强调动作);dress 给……穿衣服(后接人)。注意:glasses 永远用复数形式。
medium /'mi:diəm/
搭配:of medium height 中等身高;of medium build 中等身材;medium size 中号。延伸:media n. 媒体(复数形式);by means of 通过……方式。注意:medium 的复数为 media 或 mediums。
beautiful / pretty / handsome
辨析:beautiful 美丽的(形容女性/事物,语气最强);pretty 漂亮的(形容女性/小孩,较口语);handsome 英俊的(形容男性);good-looking 好看的(男女皆可)。反义:ugly 丑陋的。
a little / a bit
辨析:a little 一点儿(修饰不可数名词或形容词/副词);a bit 一点儿(修饰形容词/副词,修饰名词需加 of)。例句:a little heavy = a bit heavy 有点胖;a little water = a bit of water 一点水。
judge /dʒʌdʒ/
一词多义:v. 判断,评判(Don't judge a book by its cover. 不要以貌取人。);n. 法官,裁判。搭配:judge sb. by/from 以……判断某人;judging from/by 从……判断(作状语)。
📋 单词列表(第 77-114 词,共 38 词)
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短文 16:May I Take Your Order? 餐饮点餐
📖 短文内容
May I take your order? Yes, please. I would like a largebowl of beef noodles. What sizewould you like? Large, please. And what kind of noodles would you like? Tomato and egg noodles, please. Would you like something to drink? Yes, a glass of orange juice, please. Anything else? No, that's all. Thank you. At the restaurant, we can order many different foods. There are dumplings, porridge, pancakes, and fish. The menu has many specials. Special 1 is dumplings with carrots and eggs. Special 2 is mutton noodles. They are delicious! I like eating out with my friends. We often go to a Chinese restaurant. The food there is cheap and tasty. The waiters are friendly. We always have a good time. What would you like to eat? Do you prefer Chinese food or Western food? Let me know!"
📝 参考翻译
可以点餐了吗?好的。我想要一大碗牛肉面。您想要什么碗的?大碗。您想要哪种面条?西红柿鸡蛋面。 您想喝点什么吗?是的,请来一杯橙汁。还要别的吗?不要了,就这些。谢谢。 在餐馆里,我们可以点很多不同的食物。有饺子、粥、煎饼和鱼。菜单上有很多特色菜。特色1是胡萝卜鸡蛋饺子。特色2是羊肉面。它们很美味! 我喜欢和朋友出去吃饭。我们经常去中餐馆。那里的食物又便宜又好吃。服务员很友好。我们总是玩得很开心。 你想吃什么?你更喜欢中餐还是西餐?告诉我!
🔑 重点词汇讲解
order /'ɔ:də/
一词多义:n. 点菜,顺序(take one's order 点餐;in order 按顺序);v. 点菜,命令(order food 点餐;order sb. to do 命令某人做)。搭配:in order to 为了;out of order 出故障。
would like
用法:would like = want 想要,但更委婉。句型:Would you like sth.? 你想要……吗?Would you like to do sth.? 你想做……吗?回答:Yes, please. / No, thanks. / I'd love to.
a bowl of / a glass of
量词搭配:a bowl of 一碗……(noodles/soup);a glass of 一玻璃杯……(water/juice);a cup of 一杯……(tea/coffee);a piece of 一片/块……(bread/cake);a bottle of 一瓶……(water/milk)。
size / kind /saiz/ /kaind/
辨析:size 大小,尺寸(what size 多大号;large/medium/small 大/中/小号);kind 种类(what kind of 哪种;a kind of 一种;all kinds of 各种各样的)。搭配:What size would you like? 您要多大碗的?
delicious / tasty /di'liʃəs/
辨析:delicious 美味的(语气较强,正式);tasty 美味的(口语);yummy 好吃的(儿童用语)。反义:tasteless 无味的;terrible 难吃的。注意:delicious 没有比较级,用 more delicious。
menu / special /'menju:/ /'speʃl/
释义:menu n. 菜单;special n. 特色菜,特价品 adj. 特别的。搭配:Today's special 今日特色菜;special offer 特价优惠。延伸:specially adv. 特别地;especially adv. 尤其。
cheap / expensive /tʃi:p/ /ik'spensiv/
辨析:cheap 便宜的(修饰物品价格低);expensive 昂贵的(修饰物品价格高)。注意:价格(price)用 high/low 修饰,物品用 expensive/cheap 修饰。反义:cheap ↔ expensive/dear。
eat out
短语:eat out 出去吃饭,下馆子。反义:eat in 在家吃饭。延伸:eat up 吃光;eat well 吃得好;eat healthily 吃得健康。注意:eat 的过去式 ate,过去分词 eaten。
📋 单词列表(第 115-152 词,共 38 词)
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💪 坚持就是胜利!
本篇共覆盖 152 个单词。每天背诵一篇短文,40天搞定初中全册词汇!
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