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六级通关模拟卷（第三套）
Part I Writing (30minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled My View on Postgraduate
Craze following the outline given below. You should write at least150 words but no more than 200 words.
1.目前考研正形成热潮
2.分析这股热潮产生的原因
3.我的看法
Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear three news reports. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four
questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must
choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on
Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
1.A)Australia. B) America. C)Britain. D) Austria.
2.A) Approving. B) Disapproving. C) Cautious. D) Uncertain.
3.A)Give up his right to vote. B) Vote randomly.
C)Support one party firmly D) Take they dislike all the listed parties.
4.A) When they are in a hurry. B) When they are forced to vote.
C) When they dislike all the listed parties. D) When they don’t want to waste their votes.
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
5.A)To attend the orientation. C)To find some books.
B) To meet his professor. D)To use the computer.
6.A) The name of the author. B) His student ID.
C)The title of the book. D)His whereabouts.
7.A)On the second floor of the west wing. C)On the first floor of the west wing.
B) On the second floor of the east wing. D)On the first floor of the east wing.
8.A) Because the professor may need them from time to time.
B)Because they are very precious and valuable.
C)Because the professor hopes they are available to all the students.
D)Because they are already reserved by some students.
Section B
Directions：In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear
four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you
must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C), and D). Then mark the corresponding letter
on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.
Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.
19. A)Humans’ social structure is the most complicated.
B) Humans are able to cooperate with each other.
C)Prediction is the key to humans’ survival.
D) Humans are sensitive and motivated.
10.A) Boiling hot water. B)Slightly hot water.
C)Room temperature water. D) Icy cold water.
11.A) Watching “warm” videos. B) Watching control videos.
C)Watching “cold” videos. D) All of the above.
Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
12. A) To solve economic problems. B) To increase gender equality.
C) To follow the international trend. D) To increase the number of population.
13.A) Only mothers can take the paid parental leave.
B)No parental leave can be taken after the child is 8.
C)Only families of two working parents can enjoy the paid leave.
D)Parents must reserve the paid parental leave in advance.
14. A)2 weeks. B) 10 weeks. C)2 months. D) 3 months.
15. A)They worry about the salary cut. B) They are in favor of taking the leave.
C) They think women should benefit more. D) They have to take more responsibility for child rearing.
Section C
Directions: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions.
The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four
choices marked A), B), C), D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line
through the centre.
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.
16.A) Incidents of workers caused global anger.
B)Kafala system leaves workers open to abuse.
C)An Indonesia worker was starved to death.
D)Migrant workers can be targets of abuse.
17.A) Her supporters paid the family of the man she killed.
B)She got help from the International Labor Organization.
C)She argued that her employer was raping her at the time.
D)She spent a month in a hospital because of her injuries.
18. A)It needs negotiation for better conditions. C) It can become similar to human
trafficking.
B) It requires at least a three-year suspension. D) It needs ILO’s approval on
Convention 189.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.
19. A) His books have been sold worldwide. B) He can speak and write eight languages.
C) His lifestyle is well-known in the world. D) He has been to many countries before.
20.A)It appears in your physiology. C)It is emphasized by philosophers.
B)It is in your value system. D)It carries its own beliefs.
21.A) It is the centre of the world. C)It has no room for lies.
B)It is not easy to reach. D)It is bright like the sun.
22.A)Try to get what you’ve missed C)Think of ways to be better.
B)Love the abundance you have. D)Be satisfied with your past.
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.
223.A)Imitating the words in movies. B) Remembering words in a song.
C) Listening and repeating words. D) Speaking the words to a rhythm.
24.A)The three groups did exactly the same. C)The second group performed better.
B) The first group did the best in 4 tests. D)The third group came out on top.
25.A)Singing could lead to new ways of learning a foreign language.
B)Learners shouldn’t use music all the time to learn a foreign language.
C)Language learners already know the value of using singing.
D)Adults learn words better when remembering them in songs.
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension ( 40 minutes )
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank
from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before
making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter for
each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the
bank more than once.
Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.
The selfishness of humans is a central assumption of orthodox(传统的)economics, where it is thought to lead
to benefits for the economy as a whole. It is what the 18th-century Scottish economist Adam Smith described as
the “invisible hand”. But evolutionary biologists have come to see cooperation and selflessness as a big part of
our 26 as a species. During the course of our evolution, they point out, cooperative groups 27 outcompeted
groups of cheats.
So we are inherently cooperative when operating within our own groups. We have also 28 social
mechanisms to reinforce actions that benefit the group. “You could say teamwork at the scale of small groups is
the signature 29 of our species,” says evolutionary biologist David Sloan Wilson from Binghamton
University in New York.
But 30 teamwork can include a competition mechanism to promote actions that benefit the group,
particularly in larger groups. It’s also important to remember that in-group cooperation evolved partly in response
to competition between groups.
This evolutionary perspective is radically new to economics, and it could be relevant to grand-scale economic
problems that require solutions involving cooperation between nations. Take the challenge of getting nations to
work together over economic solutions to climate change—a 31 focus in the run-up to climate negotiations in
Paris, France, later this year. This is a gargantuan(巨大的)problem from any perspective, but it is 32 an issue
of coordination for the sake of the common good at a massive scale, says Wilson, “The challenge is therefore
to 33 at larger scales the coordination and control takes place more spontaneously at smaller scales,” he
says—from multicellular(多细胞的)organisms to village-sized groups of humans.
“Morality evolved out of cooperation within and competition between groups, so when acting as a single
group to tackle global problems we will have to 34 the role of natural selection ourselves,” Wilson says. This
might involve pursuing a wide variety of 35 ,identifying those that work best, and then creating incentives to
cooperate on implementation. “In some ways it’s the opposite of the invisible hand.”
3A)adaptation I)particular
B)assume J) promptly
C)compel K)remarkable
D)consistently L)rumor
E)developed M)strategies
F)effective N)success
G)essentially O)suspicion
H)implement
Section B
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement
contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived.
You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by
marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Self-publishing
[A]To a writer, self-publishing is an incredibly powerful and alluring concept. On the simplest level, it’s an
intriguing solution to an age old problem: How do you get your words to a wide audience(ideally, while earning
some money along the way)? On a more artistic level, it is a unique extension of the creative process. Beyond
putting words on the page, the self-publisher actually controls every aspect of authoring—he or she creates the
physical book and actively brings it to an audience. It’s a uniquely harmonious and satisfying melding of art and
business.
Beginning the book
[B]In most cases, the first step in self-publishing is developing an idea for your book. You can self-publish
almost anything you want, but if you want to make a profit, it helps to consider your book not just as a piece of art
but also as a sellable product. What audience is interested in the subject and how do you get their attention?
[C] Everybody has an opinion on what sells, and we won’t get into too much here—it’s part of the individual
creative process that self-publishers go through. The important point is that as a self-publisher, you have to
consider sales just as a large publisher would. Step one is arriving at an approach to the book that will make it
valuable to an audience. Among other things, that means seeing what similar books are out there, and seeing how
they’ve sold(checking Amazon rankings is a good place to start).
[D]Money isn’t everything of course. Few books are going to be blockbusters( 一鸣惊人者) ， and many
self-publishers aren’t that concerned with making money at all. But even setting profit aside, it is essential that you
have a business plan based on what you reasonably believe you can sell. To put it another way, there’s no point in
printing 10,000 books if books like yours typically take three years to sell 1,000 copies.
What sort of book?
[E]You certainly don’t need to know exactly how many pages your book is going to be before you even get
started writing. But if you have a target, and you know what type of book you’re creating , you can plan your
budget accordingly. The broad decision first: Do you want a hardback book or a trade paperback book? Hardback
books are significantly more expensive to print, and because of the higher cover price, may sell less than a
paperback book. But, for some books—a mammoth( 巨大的)textbook, say—hardback books are really the only
way to go.
[F]After you’ve made this decision, you can decide how many pages you’ll want. Think about the scope of
what you have to say and look at the page count in books with similar content. But also think about what you want
the book to feel like. Simply pick out a book that is about the same size and format of what you have in mind.
[G]When you find a good model to shoot for, count the number of words per page. Multiply that by the
number of pages. Then subtract words for any “odd pages”—the first and last pages of each chapter(these aren’t
usually filled),any blank numbered pages and any pages at the beginning and end of the book. This will give you a
4rough word count for the book. If you calculate how many words are on a page in your word processing
program(or paper if you use a typewriter or if you write longhand),you can give yourself a target page count.
[H]Why does this matter? For one thing , you need to think about the psychology of a book-buyer. If you’re
looking to create a gift book paperback, you don’t want a massive 500-page volume, because it may feel too much
like a reference encyclopedia(百科全书). Its intended audience has more of a casual interest, so it should have a
lighter feel. But if you’re putting together a how-to guide, a 100-page book isn’t going to seem like a good deal to
your potential customer. They’ll pick the thicker book on the shelf next to yours, because it seems more
substantial.
[I]Price also plays a role here More pages cost more, and certain multiples of pages are cheaper than others.
Printing presses print a set number of pages in one pass—typically 32 pages, front and back. This means it’s
substantially cheaper to print a 320 page book than a 321 page book. This isn’t something you have to figure out
right away, but it should be a factor when you are laying out the finished book.
Creating content
[J]Once you nail down what kind of book you want to end up with, you can get busy writing. The obvious
way to go about this is to shut the door to the world, write whatever you want and worry about editing down the
line. Show your friends and family when you want to, but otherwise, do it however you like. You don’t have a
publisher to worry about, so you can really write however you want to.
[K]To many self-publishers, this doesn’t work very well—it’s too unstructured, and they get lost without
somebody to bounce ideas off. One solution is to hire a freelance( 自 由 职 业 者 )developmental editor. A
developmental editor serves the same basic function as the editor you would work with at a publishing
house—you can show them drafts and outlines, and they can make edits to improve the book. The difference of
course is that what you say is the last word, rather than the other way around. Ideally, the main thing they bring is
expertise in book publishing—a developmental editor should be somebody who knows how to build a good book.
[L] The price of a developmental editor goes in your total budget for the book. Depending on how you work,
it may save you enough of your own time to make it a worthwhile expense.
Selling
[M]When you finally reach your publish date, you have one basic job: Get people to buy your book. For
individual book-buyers, this is pretty simple. They pay the cover price, you record the transaction and you ship or
give them the books. But individual book-buyers are the smallest piece of your customer base. Your major
customers include independent bookstores, wholesalers who fill orders from many bookstores(They only buy what
they need or expect they will need.),distributors who buy books to actively resell them to bookstores, exclusive
distributors, who will handle everything involved in the selling of your book, in exchange for the exclusive right to
distribute, and online booksellers.
[N]Two new factors enter the mix with these customers—discounts and returns. To ensure a profit,
booksellers always buy books well below the cover price, and most reserve the option to return books they cannot
sell. If the books are undamaged, you must refund the buyers’ money. You’ll need a terms-and-conditions sheet
that outlines, in detail, how you’ll operate your business—what kind of discounts you offer, how you handle
returns, how you handle billing, etc. Your terms and conditions are up to you, but you’ll have to treat particular
types of buyers a certain way in order to do business.
[O]Selling is an ongoing process that can last for years. When you run through your first shipment, and
there’s still demand, you go to the printer for your next shipment. If your book really catches on, you may be able
to land a good deal with a larger publisher who can push your sales to a higher level. Over the years, many
successful authors have used this road to get on a publisher’s radar.
[P]The sweet spot of writing is generally at the beginning of the process—when you’re sitting at a keyboard
putting your ideas into words. In contrast, the sweet spot to publishing generally comes after all the work is done
—when you’ve recouped（弥补）your initial costs, and every book sold is money in your pocket. This is a
self-publisher’s ultimate reward.
536. Although selling is an ongoing process, the author’s success depends on the readers’ demand.
37.Hardback books cost much to print, but it is a must for the publication of certain books.
38.A developmental editor will be worthy of the money because he is able to save the time of the self-
publisher. 39.Self-publishing becomes an interesting idea partly because it get authors’ thoughts to a wide
audience.
40. To solve the problem of lacking feedbacks from others, a developmental editor may be
employed. 41.Self-publishers have to decide what book will sell well according to their own
opinions.
42. When planning the details of his discounts and returns, a self-publisher needs to work out different ways to
treat particular types of buyers.
43.To give a target page count, you have to choose a book with the same size and format of what you have in
mind.
44.If a self-publisher wants his book to cost less, certain multiples of pages should be available.
45.Individual buyers, like the wholesalers and distributors, should be considered as major customers of
Section C
Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished
statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best
choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.
Passage One
Questions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.
It began with some marshmallows(棉花软糖). In the 1960s Walter Mischel, a psychologist then working at
Stanford University, started a series of experiments on young children. A child was left alone for 15 minutes with a
marshmallow or similar treat, with the promise that, if it remained uneaten at the end of this period, a second
would be added. Some of the children, who were aged four or five at the time, yielded to temptation before time
was up. Others resisted, and held out for the reward.
Dr. Mischel then followed the children’s progress as they grew up. Those who had resisted, he found, did
better at school than those who had given in. As adults they got better jobs, were less likely to use drugs and got
into trouble with the law less frequently. Moreover, children’s family circumstances suggested that impulsive
behavior was as much learned as inherited. This suggested that it could be unlearned—improving the child in
question’s chances in life.
Study after study has confirmed Dr. Mischel’s insight. However, recent observations, however, raise the
possibility that developing self-control is not always an unalloyed(纯粹的)good.
Work published two years ago by Gene Brody of the University of Georgia, who looked at a group of young
black Americans, showed that those who exhibited self-control as teenagers did indeed get the expected benefits.
But if such self-controllers came from deprived backgrounds, they developed higher blood pressure, were more
likely to be obese and had higher levels of stress hormones than their less-self-controlled peers. That correlation
did not apply to people who started farther up the social ladder.
Dr. Brody and his colleagues have followed this study with one that comes to an equally astonishing
conclusion: for people born at the bottom of the social heap, self-control speeds up the process of ageing.
Dr. Brody and his colleagues followed almost 300 black American teenagers of different backgrounds as they
aged from 17 to 22. For the first few years the researchers assessed their volunteers’ levels of self-control, and also
looked for signs of depression, aggression and drug use. They assessed, too, those volunteers’ socioeconomic
backgrounds. But the last examination, when participants were 22 years old, was different. Then, the researchers
took a blood sample, recorded the DNA-methylation(DNA 甲基化)patterns of cells in it, and worked out how
much these deviated from the pattern expected at that particular age. As the study shows, for people from
high-status backgrounds, higher self-control meant lower cellular ages. For those background was low-status, the
reverse was true.
6Dr. Brody’s findings are both intriguing and worrying. The research into gene methylation suggests
changing methylation patterns are a common response to changing circumstances as well as changing age, as the
body’s physiology struggles to keep up. Fortunately, people can change their circumstances in rational ways: the
lesson of the marshmallows shows that. If Dr. Brody’s result is confirmed, the challenge it poses will be to work
out how to avoid the adverse effects of self-control.
46.Which of the following is true of Dr. Mischel’s experiment?
A)It probed into the self-control level of little children.
B) It showed that most children couldn’t resist temptation.
C) It exhibited that self-control connects with life achievement.
D) It found out a way to help children develop self-control.
47.Dr. Brody’s new study with young black Americans reveals that .
A)developing self-control is not beneficial at all
B)teenagers can benefit from developing self-control
C)the effect of self-control relates to social background
D)self-control causes high blood pressure and obesity
48. What can we infer about DNA-methylation from the passage?
A) It can reveal levels of self-control. B) It relates to the physiological age.
C) It is one of the ingredients of blood. D) It changes with social circumstance.
49.What can we know about Dr. Brody’s findings?
A)They are out of the expectation of the researchers.
B)They reveal a connection between gene and age.
C)They contradict with the results of Mischel’s study.
D)They raise a new issue for research in the future.
50.Which of the following can be a suitable title for the passage?
A)Social Background and Self-control B) What Benefits Will Self-control Bring?
C) How Should We Develop Self-control? D) Probing the Effects of Self-control
Passage Two
Questions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.
Marketplace or peer-to-peer(P2P)lending matches borrowers on low-cost online platforms. By skirting
banks, P2P lending allows borrower and lender alike to achieve better rates of interest. Essentially, P2P lending is
a way of capitalizing on the network effect of social media and the volumes of data generated therein to allow
cheaper access to capital.
According to Liberum, P2P lending in the U.K. will grow at 98 percent year-on-year in 2015, with £3.5
billion presently lent out. Worldwide in 2015, it’s estimated that $77billion will be lent via P2P platforms— $60
billion China, $12 billion U.S.A. and $5 billion U.K. Morgan Stanley’s Huw Steenis says, “While marketplace
lending is still about 1 percent of unsecured consumer and SME lending in the U.S., we think it can reach
approximately 10 percent by 2020… We forecast the global market to grow to $150-$490 billion by 2020.” As
Liberum’s Cormac Leech says, “We are witnessing the biggest changes to the banking sector for 400years.”
P2P lending offers huge opportunities, mainly at the expense of banks, whose biggest margins are
traditionally in unsecured lending. Herein is the layer of fat P2P platforms are guzzling(大肆掠食的)，picking off
the banks’ best customers. P2P platforms have also proved superior at harvesting and managing big data, and have
lower cost bases than banks.
A significant development is that institutional money is now alighting. The largest quoted institutional P2P
lender, P2P Global Investment PLC, floated in London last year. It has raised nearly 500m and aims to double that
this year. As a reward for lofting “transformational” amounts of cash on to various platforms, P2P Global has
been accumulating warrants and options on their equity, notably Ratesetter, Zopa, Direct Money and Lending
Works.
7In a twist to this development, Neil Woodford, Britain’s most famous fund manager, recently upped his stake
in P2P Global. Last August Woodford sold out of HSBC, fearing “fine inflation”. This seems a ringing
endorsement of this disruptive but nascent(初期的)sector.
Perhaps most significantly, in May this year, Zopa, the P2P platform, announced its debut in secured(most
P2P lending is unsecured)lending by collaborating with Uber. Uber drivers in U.K. will be able to borrow via Zopa
to buy their cars, with loans secured against the cars themselves.
Of course, the sector presents risks. The credit dry-up when interest rates rise. A P2P platform may go bust.
But some investors, regulatory and technological upheaval( 突变). And when the banks finally understand, how
will they react? Who knows? So far, none of them have.
51.Liberum’s data quoted in Paragraph Two indicates that .
A)P2P platform offers huge opportunities for banks
B)P2P lending attracts the old customers of banks
C)P2P has seized most share of the financial market
D)P2P lending has been experiencing fast booming
52.What can we learn about P2P Global Investment PLC?
A)It is the largest investment company in London.
B)It has been raising huge funds for P2P lending.
C)It has combined with a few famous companies.
D)It has a well-known economist as its manager.
53.The cooperation between Zopa and Uber has .
A) created a new way of P2P lending B) helped drivers to buy their new cars
C) raised the P2P lending interest rates D) posed risks for other P2P companies
54. What is the author’s attitude towards the future of P2P lending?
A) Pessimistic. B) Optimistic. C) Wait-and-see. D) Indifferent.
55.What’s the purpose of the author in writing this passage?
A)To introduce some recent changes in lending market.
B) To analyze the risks of investing with P2P platforms.
C) To call for banks’ attention to the development of P2P.
D) To forecast the possible difficulties P2P lending may face.
Part Ⅳ Translation (30 minutes)
Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into
English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.
今天，剪纸（paper-cutting）和古代一样是一项技术性很高的艺术形式，它需要创造力、技巧和经验。
无论是简单的还是复杂的形式，每一个设计必须形成一个连续的、完整的（integral）剪纸。仔细研究你会
发现中国人形成的哪种巧妙的剪法既链接了内部的各个部分，还保持了图形的完整性。总体来说，剪纸有
两种方法：一种是用剪子，另一种是用刀。由于窗户上的薄纸被玻璃替代，剪纸逐渐变得不那么流行。直
到近几年，这门古老的艺术才以令人难忘的新形式再次繁荣起来。
8
