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专题06动词的时态、语态和主谓一致-五年(2019-2023)高考英语真题分项汇编(解析版)_赠送:2008-2024全套高考真题_高考英语真题_送高考英语五年真题(2019-2023)分项汇编(全国通用)

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专题06动词的时态、语态和主谓一致-五年(2019-2023)高考英语真题分项汇编(解析版)_赠送:2008-2024全套高考真题_高考英语真题_送高考英语五年真题(2019-2023)分项汇编(全国通用)
专题06动词的时态、语态和主谓一致-五年(2019-2023)高考英语真题分项汇编(解析版)_赠送:2008-2024全套高考真题_高考英语真题_送高考英语五年真题(2019-2023)分项汇编(全国通用)
专题06动词的时态、语态和主谓一致-五年(2019-2023)高考英语真题分项汇编(解析版)_赠送:2008-2024全套高考真题_高考英语真题_送高考英语五年真题(2019-2023)分项汇编(全国通用)
专题06动词的时态、语态和主谓一致-五年(2019-2023)高考英语真题分项汇编(解析版)_赠送:2008-2024全套高考真题_高考英语真题_送高考英语五年真题(2019-2023)分项汇编(全国通用)
专题06动词的时态、语态和主谓一致-五年(2019-2023)高考英语真题分项汇编(解析版)_赠送:2008-2024全套高考真题_高考英语真题_送高考英语五年真题(2019-2023)分项汇编(全国通用)
专题06动词的时态、语态和主谓一致-五年(2019-2023)高考英语真题分项汇编(解析版)_赠送:2008-2024全套高考真题_高考英语真题_送高考英语五年真题(2019-2023)分项汇编(全国通用)
专题06动词的时态、语态和主谓一致-五年(2019-2023)高考英语真题分项汇编(解析版)_赠送:2008-2024全套高考真题_高考英语真题_送高考英语五年真题(2019-2023)分项汇编(全国通用)
专题06动词的时态、语态和主谓一致-五年(2019-2023)高考英语真题分项汇编(解析版)_赠送:2008-2024全套高考真题_高考英语真题_送高考英语五年真题(2019-2023)分项汇编(全国通用)
专题06动词的时态、语态和主谓一致-五年(2019-2023)高考英语真题分项汇编(解析版)_赠送:2008-2024全套高考真题_高考英语真题_送高考英语五年真题(2019-2023)分项汇编(全国通用)
专题06动词的时态、语态和主谓一致-五年(2019-2023)高考英语真题分项汇编(解析版)_赠送:2008-2024全套高考真题_高考英语真题_送高考英语五年真题(2019-2023)分项汇编(全国通用)
专题06动词的时态、语态和主谓一致-五年(2019-2023)高考英语真题分项汇编(解析版)_赠送:2008-2024全套高考真题_高考英语真题_送高考英语五年真题(2019-2023)分项汇编(全国通用)
专题06动词的时态、语态和主谓一致-五年(2019-2023)高考英语真题分项汇编(解析版)_赠送:2008-2024全套高考真题_高考英语真题_送高考英语五年真题(2019-2023)分项汇编(全国通用)
专题06动词的时态、语态和主谓一致-五年(2019-2023)高考英语真题分项汇编(解析版)_赠送:2008-2024全套高考真题_高考英语真题_送高考英语五年真题(2019-2023)分项汇编(全国通用)

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五年(2019-2023)年高考英语真题分项汇编 专题 06 动词的时态、语态和主谓一致(解析 版) 〖2023年高考真题题组〗 1.(2023新高考II卷)As a little girl, I 45 (wish) to be a zookeeper when I grew up. 答案:wished。 解析:考查动词时态。句意:作为一个小女孩,我希望长大后成为一名动物园管理员。分析句子结构可知, 本句缺少谓语动词,所以wish作本句谓语,和主语I之间是主动关系,根据后文的grew可知用一般过去 时。故填wished。 2.(2023全国甲卷)Carson proves that a simple lyric form that has been passed down through the ages can still 70 (employ) today to draw attention to important truths. 答案:be employed。 解析:考查语态。句意:卡森证明了一种简单的抒情形式,已经代代相传,今天仍然可以用来吸引人们对 重要真理的关注。从句主语a simple lyric form与employ之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。情态动词 can后接动词原形。故填be employed。 3.(2023全国乙卷)Having visited several times over the last 10 years, I 67 (amaze) by the co-existence of old and new, and how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing. 答案:was amazed。 解析:考查时态和语态。句意:在过去的10年里,我多次访问北京,我惊讶于这里的新旧共存,惊讶于一 个城市如何在不断发展的同时保持如此丰富的文化遗产。这里为本句谓语动词,根据下文“how a city was able to keep such a rich heritage (遗产) while constantly growing.”可知,本句用一般过去时;主语I和动 词amaze之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。故填was amazed。 4.(2023全国甲卷)In the evening, when I take a walk in the school garden, the singing of insects become more meaningful to me. 答案:become改为becomes。 解析:考查主谓一致。句意:晚上,当我在学校的花园里散步时,昆虫的歌声对我来说变得更有意义。此 处为一般现在时,主语为the singing of insects,谓语用三单形式。故become改为becomes。 5.(2023全国甲卷)I used to afraid of insects, but last Friday’s biology class make a big change in me. 答案:to后加be;make → made 解析:句意:我过去害怕昆虫,但是上星期五的生物课使我发生了很大的变化。表示“害怕……”短语为 be afraid of,此处为used to do sth.。故to后添加be。大的变化。事情发生在上周五,故用一般过去时。 故make改为made。〖2022年高考真题题组〗 1.(2022 新高考 I 卷)The plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that __________ (be)previously unprotected, 答案:were 解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:该计划将把保护范围扩大到大量以前未受保护的地区,将许多现有的 大熊猫保护区纳入一个管理机构,以提高效率,减少管理上的不一致性。设空处在 that引导的限制性定语 从句中作谓语,先行词为a significant number of areas,先行词在从句中作主语,根据“previously (之前 地)”可知从句的时态应为一般过去时,根据主谓一致,从句主语复数,从句谓语复数形式。故填were。 2.(2022新高考I卷)After a three-year pilot period, the GPNP will be officially set up next year. The GPNP __________ (design)to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性)of natural ecosystems, preserving biological diversity, protecting ecological buffer zones, and leaving behind precious natural assets(资产)for future generations”. 答案:is designed 解析:考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:GPNP旨在体现“保护自然生态系统的真实性和完整性,保护生 物多样性,保护生态缓冲区,为子孙后代留下宝贵的自然资产”的指导原则。设空处在句中作谓语,和句 子的主语The GPNP之间为被动关系;叙述客观事实,应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动 语态,主语单数,谓语单数形式。故填is designed。 3.(2022新高考II卷)Henry __________ (fix) his car when he heard the screams. 答案:was fixing 解析:考查动词。句意:听到尖叫声时,亨利正在修车。根据句子结构,设空处应该填写谓语动词。根据 空后的when he heard the screams,可知,设空处的动作是正在发生的,同时该句描述的是过去的事实。 故使用过去进行时。fix为动词,意为“修理”,其过去进行时为was fixing。故填was fixing。 4.(2022新高考II卷)He looked up and saw Eric hanging from the balcony. He quickly __________ (throw) his tools aside, and started running, arms out. 答案:threw 解析:考查过去式。句意:他迅速把工具扔到一边,伸出胳膊跑了起来。根据句子结构,设空处与空后的 and started构成并且结构。故应该使用一般过去时。throw为动词,意为“扔”,过去时为threw。故填 threw。 5.(2022全国甲卷)In the last five years, Cao ___________ (walk) through 34 countries in six continents 答案:has walked 的 解析:考查动词时态。句意:在过去 五年中,曹操穿越了六大洲的34个国家,2016年,他到达了乞力 马扎罗山顶,这是非洲最高的山峰。根据时间状语 in the last five years可知,此处应用现在完成时,主语 Cao为第三人称单数,助动词用has。故填has walked。 6.(2022全国乙卷)The chairman of the China Culture Promotion Society ___________ (address) the opening ceremony. 答案:addressed解析:考查时态。句意:中国文化促进会会长在开幕式上致辞。陈述过去事情,用一般过去时。故填 addressed。 7.(2022 年浙江卷 1 月)Travelling to conferences, lectures, workshops, and the like frequently by plane ________(view) as important for scientists to get together and exchange information. 答案:is viewed或has been viewed 解析:考查被动语态。句意:对科学家而言,旅行去参加会议、讲座、工作室之类的地方来相聚并交流信 息这件事被视为是重要的。描述人们普遍认知的事情用一般现在时,此处也可以表示强调人们从过去到现 在的认知,动名词作主语与主谓之间存在被动关系,故填is viewed或has been viewed。 8.(2022 年浙江卷 1 月)But Cobb and others ________ (be) now questioning that idea pushing conferences to provide more chances to participate remotely, and ________(change) their personal behavior to do their part in dealing with the climate change crisis. 答案:are;changing 解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:但是现在Cobb和其他人正在质疑那个想法,推动会议提供更多远程 参加的机会以及为了尽自己的能力来应对气候变化危机,他们正在改变他们的个人行为。第一空:根据句 意可知,此处也应使用现在进行时,主语为复数,故填are。第二空:分析句子结构可知,此处and连接 并列的动词questioning和change,故填changing。 9.(2022年浙江卷 1月)On a website called No Fly Climate Sci, for example, roughly 200 academics — many of them climate scientists __________ (promise) to fly as little as possible since the effort started two years ago. 答案:have promised 解析:考查时态。句意:例如,在一个叫“无飞行科学家”的网站上,自从两年前成立以来,大约有 200 个学者,他们中很多人承诺尽可能少飞行。根据时间状语“since+过去时间”可知主句应使用现在完成时, 故填have promised。 10. (2022全国甲卷)He (my father) showed me how his medical instruments was used. 答案:was改为were。 解析:考查主谓一致。句意:他向我展示他的医疗器械是如何使用的。主语 instruments为复数形式,全 文为一般过去时,be动词用复数形式were。故将was改为were。 11. (2022全国甲卷)However, after I went to high school, somehow I become distant from him. 答案:become改为became。 解析:考查动词时态。句意:然而,在我上了高中之后,不知怎么的,我开始疏远他。全文用一般过去时, 动词become应改为过去式became。故将become改为became。 12. (2022全国乙卷)A doctor tells me people who lives the longest are dancers and cyclists. 答案:lives改为live。 解析:考查主谓一致。句意:医生告诉我,寿命最长的人是舞蹈家和骑自行车的人。people是集合名词, 谓语动词用复数。故将lives改为live。 13. (2022全国乙卷)Just see how cars have been taken over our cities. They often run at high speeds, which may put our lives in danger.答案:去掉have后的been。 解析:考查语态。句意:看看汽车是如何占领我们的城市的。主语 cars与动词take over之间是主谓关系, 应用主动语态。故去掉have后的been。 14. (2022天津卷) Food and medical supplies________ to all the residents after the hurricane last Sunday. A. distribute B. distributed C. are distributed D. were distributed 答案:D 解析:考查动词的时态和语态。句意:上周日飓风过后,食品和药品供给被分发给了所有居民。分析句子 成分可知,Food and medical supplies作主语,为复数,与动词distribute“分发”为动宾关系,故需要用被 动语态be distributed;根据后文last Sunday“上周日”可知,句子需要用一般过去时态,故be动词要用 were。故选D项。 15. (2022天津卷) Critical reasoning, together with problem-solving, ________ teenagers to make better decisions. A. prepare B. prepares C. is preparing D. are preparing 答案:B 解析:考查主谓一致和时态。句意:批判性推理和解决问题的能力有助于青少年做出更好的决定。短语 together with/along with/as well as, etc连接两个并列的名词或代词做主语时谓语动词的数由该结构前的名 词或代词决定,句子主语为Critical reasoning,谓语动词应用单数形式,此处为客观陈述,应用一般现在 时。故选B项。 〖2021年高考真题题组〗 1.(2021全国I卷)You can’t help wondering how hard it ___________(be)for the people then to put all those rocks into place. 答案:was 解析:句意为:你不禁要问,当时的人们要把这些石头放好有多难,根据时间状语then,可知描述过去的事情, 所以用一般过去时态,主语为it,故填was。 2.(2021 全国 II 卷)Whenever I heard of businesses using plastic, I'd send an email. One of the biggest companies I wrote to _______________ (be) Alaska Airlines Paris. 答案:was 解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:我给写信的最大的公司之一是巴黎阿拉斯加航空公司。 根据定语从 句的谓语动词“wrote” 可知这里描述发生在过去的事情,用一般过去时;one of + 形容词最高级 + 可数 名词复数结构中,谓语动词用单数,所以填was。 3.(2021全国甲卷)The Xi'an City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It __________ (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复). 答案:was built 解析:考查被动语态。句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知,空格处为谓语,动词build和主语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态(be done),根据句意和时间状语 the Tang dynasty可知,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,主语it为第三人称单数,主谓一致,故填was built。 4.(2021全国甲卷)We ____________ (hire) our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. 答案:hired 解析:考查时态。句意:我们从南门的租赁处租了自行车。分析句子可知,此处为谓语动词,根据上下文 可知,此处描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式。故填hired。 5.(2021浙江卷)It doesn't impress like George Washington's plantation on the Potomac, but Lincoln's home in downtown Springfield, Illinois, _________ (prove)irresistible to visitors since it opened to the public. 答案:has proved 解析:考查动词。句意:它不像乔治华盛顿在波托马克河畔的种植园那样给人留下深刻印象,但林肯在伊 利诺伊州斯普林菲尔德市中心的家,自从向公众开放以来,就被证明对游客来说是不可抗拒的。分析句子 成分可知,设空处作谓语动词,Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois作主语;结合句意及设空 处后的时间状语从句since it opened to the public可知,此处指过去发生的事情对现在造成的影响,符合现 在完成时概念,故设空处用现在完成时;现在完成时结构是 has/have +过去分词;主语Lincoln’s home in downtown Springfield Illinois 是第三人称单数,所以助动词用 has,提示词 prove 的过去分词形式是 proved或proven。故填 has proved/ has proven。 6.(2021浙江卷) Mary's niece wrote, "The little home _________ (paint)white. It was sweet and fresh. Mary loved it. 答案:was painted 解析:考查被动语态。句意:这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知,设空处作谓语动词,The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知,房子是“被漆”的,主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系,所以要 用被动语态;根据上文的 was built 可知,此处为一般过去时态;一般过去时的被动语态结构 是was/were+过去分词;主语The little home是单数第三人称,所以要用was,提示词paint的过去分词形 式是painted。故填was painted。 7.(2021 浙江卷)After Lincoln was elected President of the US in 1861, they rented the house and ___________ (sell)most of their furniture. 答案:sold 解析:考查动词。句意:1861年林肯当选美国总统后,他们租了房子,卖掉了大部分家具。分析句子成分 可知,设空处和前面的动词rented一起做并列谓语;根据时间状语1861可知,此处用一般过去时态,提 示词sell的过去式形式是sold。故填sold。 8.(2021浙江卷1月)It is calculated by dividing a person’s weight in kg by their height in meters squared, and a BMI of between 19 and 25 ___ ____ (consider) healthy. 答案:is considered 解析:考查动词被动语态。句意:它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方,BMI在19 到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知,句子缺少谓语,主语(a BMI)是单数,时态是一般现在 时,且主语和consider是表被动关系,故填is considered。9.(2021浙江卷1月)The study found that between 1985 and 2017, average rural BMI increased by 2.1 in women and men. In cities, however, the gain ____41____ (be) 1. 3 in women and 1. 6 in men. 答案:was 解析:考查主谓一致和动词时态。句意:然而,在城市中,女性增加了 1.3,男性增加了1.6。分析句子结 构可知,句子缺少谓语,主语(gain)是单数,时态是一般过去时,故填was。 10.(2021北京卷)As it ________ (connect) things,your brain turns them into a story, and you get a dream. 答案: connects 解析:考查时态。句意:当它连接事物时,你的大脑将它们变成一个故事,然后你就得到了一个梦。由主 句谓语动词turns可知,空处从句的谓语动词需用一般现在时态,主语是第三人称单数 it,所以空处谓语 动词需用单数。故填connects。 11.(2021北京卷)There __________(be) a dramatic rise in the number of extreme weather events over the past 20 years, causing largely by rising global temperatures, according to a new report from the United Nations. 答案:has been 解析:考查动词时态。句意:根据联合国的一份新报告,过去20年里,极端天气事件的数量急剧增加,这 在很大程度上是由全球气温上升造成的。根据时间状语over the past 20 years可知,此处使用现在完成时, a dramatic rise是单数感念,助动词应用第三人称单数形式。故填has been。 12. (2021全国乙卷)Also, it gives our parents more time to do what they are like and it improves the family relationship. 答案:删去are。 解析:考查动词。句意:同时,这也给了我们的父母更多的时间去做他们喜欢的事情,改善了家庭关系。 根据句意可知,此处表达“去做他们喜欢的事情”,动词like译为“喜欢”满足句意;所以动词like前的 系动词are多余。故删去are。 13. (2021全国甲卷)Last week our teacher asked us to fill in a questionnaire. One of the questions are: Who will you go to in times of trouble? 答案:are改为is。 解析:句意:其中的一个问题是:你遇到麻烦时会去找谁?one of the +名词复数,意为“……之一”,为 单数含义,所以其后的系动词应用单数。结合句意,此处指问卷调查中的一个问题,所以为客观事实,时 态用一般现在时。故are改为is。 〖2020年高考真题题组〗 1.(2020全国I卷)The unmanned Chang’e-4 probe (探测器) —the name was inspired by an ancient Chinese moon goddess— __________ (touch) down last week in the South Pole-Aitken basin. 答案:touched 解析:考查时态。句意:无人月球探测器嫦娥四号——名字的灵感来源于古代的中国月亮女神——上周在 南极艾特肯盆地着陆。此处是句子的谓语,根据时间状语 last week 可知应使用一般过去时,故填 touched。2.(2020 全国 I 卷)“This really excites scientists,” Carle Pieters, a scientist at Brown University, says, “because it __________ (mean) we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon __________ (construct)”. 答案:means; is constructed 解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:“这真的使科学家们激动,”布朗大学的一位科学家Carle Pieters说: “因为它意味着我们有机会获得月球是如何构造的信息。”根据上文“This really excites scientists”可知, 此处也使用一般现在时,主语是it,所以空处谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式means,故填means。分析 句子可知,此处是宾语从句谓语动词,谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态, 再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时,主语the moon是单数,故填is constructed。 3.(2020 全国 II 卷)This is why decorating with plants, fruits and flowers ___________ (carry) special significance. 答案:carries 解析:考查时态和主谓一致。句意:这就是为什么用植物、水果和鲜花装饰具有特殊意义的原因。这是一 个表语从句,从句主语为动名词短语 decorating with plants, fruits and flowers,所以谓语动词用单数形式。 故填carries。 4.(2020 全国 III 卷)The artist was sure he would___________(choose), but when he presented his masterpiece to the emperor’s chief minister, the old nan laughed. 答案:be chosen 解析:考查动词语态。句意:画家确信他会被选中,但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时,这位老人笑 了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系,且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。 5.(2020全国III卷)When he asked the villagers on the banks of the river where he could find the legendary (传奇的) artist, they smiled and ___________ (point) down the river. 答案:pointed 解析:考查动词时态。句意:当他问河岸上的村民,他在哪里可以找到这位传奇艺术家时,他们笑着指着 河的下游。根据上文they smiled and可知此处应用一般过去时。故填pointed。 6.(2020 山东卷)The 80,000 objects collected by Sir Hans Sloane, for example, ______ (form) the core collection of the British Museum which opened in 1759. 答案:formed 解析:考查动词时态。句意:例如,汉斯•斯隆爵士的8万件藏品构成了1759年开馆的大英博物馆的核心藏 品。此处是谓语动词,根据时间状语in1759可知,应使用一般过去时。故填formed。 7.(2020山东卷)The parts of a museum open to the public ______ (call) galleries or rooms. 答案:are called 解析:考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观使用, 应使用一般现在时;主语与call是逻辑动宾关系,应使用被动语态,且主语是复数概念。故填are called。 8.(2020山东卷)Often, only a small part of a museum’s collection ______ (be) on display. Most of it is stored away or used for research. 答案:is解析:考查主谓一致。句意:通常,博物馆只展出一小部分藏品。此处描述的是客观事实,应使用一般现在 时,主语a small part of a museum’s collection是单数概念,谓语动词应使用第三人称单数形式,且后面的 Most of it is stored away or used for research.中的is也是提示。故填is。 9.(2020北京卷)Oliver is a host of a TV programme on food. He says food___ ___(play) a big role in his life. 答案:plays/has played/is playing/has been playing 解析:考查时态。句意:他说食物在他的生命中扮演着重要角色。此处表示现在的状态,也可以表示从过 去一直到现在延续的状态,所以可以用现在时,现在进行时,现在完成时和现在完成进行时。故填 plays/ has played/is playing/has been playing。 10.(2020北京卷)Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they___ __(throw) away. 答案:are thrown 解析:考查时态语态。句意:一次性塑料袋在扔掉之前最多使用几次。本文讲的是客观事实,应该用一般 现在时,主语they(Single-use plastic bags )和谓语动词throw之间是被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动 语态,且谓语动词用复数形式。故填are thrown。 11.(2020 北京卷)The Neanderthals___ ___(live)alongside human ancestors in Europe for tens of thousands of years, before dying out about 40, 000 years ago. 答案:lived/had lived/had been living 解析:考查动词的时态和语态。句意:尼安德特人与人类祖先一起在欧洲生活了数万年,直到大约 4万年 前灭绝。设空处在句中作谓语,结合句意,此处是指在灭绝之前一直生活了数万年。设空处的动作发生在 灭绝之前,结合时间状语for tens of thousands of years。故应用过去完成时态或者过去完成进行时态;又 因动作发生在过去,强调过去发生的动作,也可用一般过去时。故答案为lived/had lived/had been living。 12.(2020浙江卷)And,as more children were born,more food ______(need). 答案:was needed 解析:考查时态语态。句意:随着越多的小孩出生,越多的食物被需要。分析句子,逻辑主语和need之间 表示被动逻辑。同时此处描述的是过去的时间,所以时态应用过去时。故此处应用过去时的被动语态。 food为不可数名词。故填was needed。 13.(2020浙江卷)By about 6000 BC,people ______ (discover)the best crops to grow and animals to raise. 答案:had discovered 解析:考查时态。句意:大约在公元前6000年,人们已经发现了最适宜种植的庄稼和最适宜饲养的牲畜。 分析句子,简单句中除了提示词外无其余动词,故此处需用动词的时态。逻辑主语和提示词之间表示主动 逻辑。by + 过去时间 译为“到…为止”,后面的句子用过去完成时。故填had discovered. 14.(2020浙江卷)This style of farming lasted for quite a long time. Then,with the rise of science,changes began. New methods __________ (mean)that fewer people worked in farming. 答案:meant 解析:考查时态。句意:新方法意味着更少的人从事农业。分析句子,主句部分无其他动词,故此处需填 时态。文章的整体时态是过去时,根据时态一致原则此处也应为过去时。逻辑主语和动词之间表示主动关 系。所以此处填过去时的主动形式。故填meant。15.(2020浙江卷1月)Something significant is happening to the world population-it is aging. The median(中 位数的)age of an American in 1950______(be) 30—today it is 41 and is expected to increase to 42 by 2050. 答案:was 解析:考查动词时态。句意:1950年美国人的中年年龄是30岁,今天是41岁,预计到2050年将增加到 42岁。结合上文in 1950可知应用一般过去时,且主语为The median age of an American,故谓语动词应 用第三人称单数。故填was。 16.(2020浙江卷1月)However, greater attention should______(place)on longevity(长寿). 答案:be placed 解析:考查动词时态语态。句意:然而,更多的关注应放在寿命上。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系, 且should后跟动词原形,故填be placed。 17.(2020全国I卷)I like eating frying tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must to be easy to cook. 答案:to去掉。 解析:句意:并且我认为它一定很简单。must是情态动词,后接动词原形,to多余,故将to去掉。 18.(2020全国II卷)Actually, I start to learn kung fu when I was seven years old, butI have long been out of practice. 答案:tart改为started。 解析:此处动词start讲述的是7岁的时候,动词应该用过去时。故将start改为started。 19.(2020全国III卷)My mom is really concerning with the health of everyone in our family. 答案:concerning改成concerned。 解析:be concerned with关心,该短语是固定短语,所以concerning改成concerned。 20.(2020全国III卷)For example, every morning, my dad has to have the bowl of egg soup while I had to eat an apple. 答案:had改成have。 解析:根据时间状语every morning,可知这里表示经常或反复发生的事情,用一般现在时,主语为I,谓 语动词要用原形。所以had改成have。 21.(2020全国III卷)My dad don’t like the soup and I don’t enjoy apples. 答案:don’t改成doesn’t。 解析:表示经常或反复发生的事情,用一般现在时。主语my dad是第三人称单数,谓语动词用单数,所 以don’t改成doesn’t。 〖2019年高考真题题组〗 1.(2019全国I卷)In recent years some Inuit people in Nunavut ________ (report) increases in bear sightings around human settlements 答案:has reported 解析:考查时态。根据上下文语境,尤其是时间状语in recent years可知,主句用现在完成时态,故填 have reported。2.(2019全国 I卷)Of the nineteen recognized polar bear subpopulations, three are declining, six ________ (be) stable, one is increasing, and nine lack enough data. 答案:are 解析:考查主谓一致。根据 three are declining,此处数词 six 作主语,代指前文中的“polar bear subpopulations”,故用复数谓语,一般现在时,故填are。 3.(2019全国II卷)Picking up her "Lifetime Achievement" award,proud Irene ________(declare) she had no plans to retire from her 36-year-old business. 答案:declared 解析:考查谓语动词。根据上下文可知,该句主语为Irene,此处为谓语成分,根据后文had 以及said 可 知用一般过去时态,故填declared。 4.(2019全国II卷)I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I _________(make) over the years. 答案:have made 解析:考查动词时态。根据该定于从句中的时间状语“over the years”可知,此处用现在完成时态,句意: 我喜欢到这里来看看我的家人和我这些年来交到的朋友们。故填have made。 5.(2019 全国 III 卷)Our hosts shared many of their experiences and __________ (recommend)wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. 答案:recommended 解析:考查一般过去时。句意:我们的主人跟我们分享了很多他们的经历并推荐了一些很好的吃饭、购物 和参观的地方。“and”前后两个动作“shared”与“recommended”是并列关系,时态一致。故填 recommended 6.(2019全国III卷)On the last day of our week-long stay, we _________ (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars 答案:were invited 解析:考查一般过去时的被动语态。由“on the last day of our week-long stay”可知,句子时态为一般过去 时。根据句意:我们被邀请去参加一场私人音乐会,所以用被动语态。主语为we,故填were invited。 7.(2019 浙江卷)When every pupil in the school wears the uniform, nobody ______(have) to worry about fashion(时尚). 答案:will have/has 解析:考查时态。句意:当每个学生在校穿校服时,没有人会担心时尚问题。本句是when引导的时间状 语从句,遵循主将从现原则,因此,主句可以使用将来时will do;根据语境可知,本文叙述的是客观事实, 因此,本句亦可用一般现在时,主语是nobody,谓语用has。故填will have/has。 8.(2019浙江卷)When the children are walking or ______(cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them. 答案:were invited 解析:考查动词时态。句意:当孩子们在黑暗的早晨步行或骑车上学时,汽车司机很容易看到它们。or连接两个并列成分,根据or前的walking可知,此处要用cycling。故填cycling。 9.(2019浙江卷)One study in America found that students’ grades ______(improve) a little after the school introduced uniforms. 答案:improved 解析:考查时态。句意:美国的一项研究发现,在学校引入校服后,学生的成绩有所提高。本句是 after 引导的时间状语从句,前后时态保持一致,从句使用了一般过去时,主句用一般过去式。故填improved。 10.(2019 北京卷)On the first day of my first grade, I stood by the door with butterflies in my stomach. I ______(voice) my biggest concern to my mother. 答案:voiced 解析:考查时态。句意:我向妈妈表达了我最大的担忧,“我将如何交朋友?”此处的 voice是动词, “表达”的意思,作谓语。叙述的是一年级的事情,用一般过去时。故填voiced。 11.(2019 北京卷)Does the name of the college you attend really matter? Research on the question ______(suggest) that, for most students, it doesn’t. 答案:suggests/suggested/has suggested 解析:考查时态。句意:对于这个问题的研究表明,对于大多数学生来说,它不重要。这里表示研究的客 观结果,所以用一般现在时,一般过去时或现在完成时均可,故填suggests/suggested/has suggested。 12.(2019全国III卷)Now my dream is to opens a cafe. Though it may appear simple, it required a lot of ideas and efforts. 答案:required改为requires。 解析:考查动词的时态。短文的主体时态都是现在时,故把required改为requires。 13.(2018全国I卷)While running regularly can’t make you live forever,the review says it ____________ (be)more effective at lengthening life than walking, cycling or swimming. 答案:is 解析:考查时态和主谓一致。主语为it,所以用第三人称单数谓语。 14.(2018全国II卷)Since 2011, the country __________(grow) more corn than rice. 答案:has grown 解析:考查时态。since 2011 是现在完成时标志,故答案为has grown。 15.(2018全国II卷)The Chinese Ministry of Agriculture finds that between 2005—when the government _________ (start) a soil-testing program that gives specific fertilizer recommendations to farmers—and 2011, fertilizer use dropped by 7.7 million tons. 答案:started 解析:考查时态。描述过去的事情,所以用一般过去时态。 16.(2018全国III卷)True to a gorilla's unaggressive nature, the huge animal __________(mean) me no real harm. 答案:meant 解析:考查时态,描述过去的事情,所以用一般过去时态。17.(2018浙江卷)I still remember visiting a friend who’d lived here for five years and I ________(shock) when I learnt she hadn’t cooked once in all that time. 答案:was shocked 解析:考查时态和语态。此处表示我被震惊了。shock的主语是I,两者关系是被动,动作发生在过去。故 填was shocked。 18.(2018浙江卷)While regularly eating out seems to ________(become) common for many young people in recent years, it’s not without a cost. 答案:have become 解析:考查动词时态。根据时间状语in recent years可知,用现在完成时,seems to后用动词原形,故填 have become。 19.(2018北京卷) —Hi, I’m Peter. Are you new here? I haven’t seen you around? —Hello, Peter. I’m Bob. I just ________ on Monday. A. start B. have started C. started D. had started 答案:C 解析:本题考查时态。根据两人谈话内容可知,Bob现在在这儿,他开始(start)住在这儿是发生在周一的 事情,周一是一个过去的时间,故该句应用一般过去时态。结合句意:——你是新来的吗?我没有在附近 见过你。——你好,彼得。我是鲍勃。我周一刚刚开始住在这儿。故选C。 20.(2018北京卷) Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year. A. is working B. was working C. has worked D. had worked 答案:B 解析:考查时态。句意:Susan已经辞去了高薪的工作。去年当我探望她的时候,她正在一个社区里做志 愿者。Susan辞职发生在她当志愿者之前,had quit是过去完成时态,过去完成时态通俗的说就是“过去 的过去”,且结合时间状语when I visited her last year可知,Susan做志愿者是过去的某个时间段发生的 情况,故该空应用过去进行时态。B选项正确。 21.(2018北京卷)China’s high-speed railways _________ from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the past few years. A. are growing B. have grown C. will grow D. had grown 答案:B 解析:考查时态。句意:在过去的几年里,中国的高速铁路已经从9,000公里增长到25,000公里。该句时 间状语为in the past few years。中国高速铁路的增长是从过去一直到现在几年里的情况,故该句应用现在 完成时态。B选项正确。 22.(2018北京卷)A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who ________ in the mountains for two days.A. are trapping B. have been trapped C. were trapping D. had been trapped 答案:D 解析:考查语态和时态。句意:一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。“who ___ in the mountains for two days”是定语从句,修饰two tourists,two tourists和trap之间是被动关系, 该空应用被动语态。由risked可知,营救人员救游客是过去的事情,被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之 前,即“过去的过去”,该空应用过去完成时态。综上,D选项正确。