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【赢在高考·黄金 8 卷】备战 2024 年高考英语模拟卷（北京专用）
黄金卷 01
（考试时间：120分钟 试卷满分：150分）
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。
2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，
用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。
3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。
第一部分知识运用（共两节,满分30分）
第一节完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
阅读下面短文, 掌握其大意, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项
涂黑。
（2023秋·北京海淀·高三统考期中）On a sunny afternoon, Anthony Perry stepped off the train at Chicago’s
69th Street station. The 20-year-old, who worked nights in a grocery store, was on his way to see his 1 .
On the platform, something unthinkable happened: a man fell over the edge and onto the electrified train
tracks! As Perry and other horrified passengers watched, he shook uncontrollably as the 2 moved
through his body.
“Help him!” someone cried. “Please, someone!”
Perry couldn’t just stand there and 3 . He sat at the edge of the platform and eased himself down.
4 all rails between the man and him were electrified, he quickly leaped towards the victim, using a high-knee
technique from his high school football days.
Perry soon reached down and grasped the victim’s wrist. 5 , he felt a powerful electric shock shoot
through his body. Perry jumped back. He reached down a second time, and was shocked again. But the third time
微信公众号：【高中精品资料君】全网最全电子讲义以及最全网课，有需要的联系微信：xygewx002he seized the man’s wrist and forearm, and managed to move the guy’s body away from the 6 .
“Give him chest compressions!” yelled an old lady on the platform.
Perry was no expert, but for a few moments he worked on the man’s heart until the victim regained
7 . Then, first-aiders arrived. Perry let the professionals 8 . Heart still racing from the electric shocks,
he climbed back up onto the platform, grabbed his things and continued on to his grandfather’s.
The evening news reported the incident, 9 an unnamed hero with saving the victim’s life. To many,
Perry’s 10 deeds demonstrated the power of choosing compassion over personal safety.
1．A．manager B．client C．grandfather D．aunt
2．A．current B．oxygen C．wave D．blood
3．A．imagine B．watch C．shout D．record
4．A．Hoping B．Assuming C．Complaining D．Recalling
5．A．Instantly B．Slightly C．Normally D．Surprisingly
6．A．train B．crowds C．platform D．rails
7．A．strength B．balance C．consciousness D．control
8．A．look ahead B．take over C．get around D．keep away
9．A．providing B．engaging C．assisting D．crediting
10．A．generous B．grateful C．courageous D．faithful
【答案】1．C 2．A 3．B 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．C 8．B 9．D 10．C
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Anthony Perry在火车站不顾个人的安危，勇敢地拯救了跌落
在铁轨上的受害者的英勇故事。
1．考查名词词义辨析。句意：20岁的佩里在一家杂货店上夜班，当时佩里正准备去看他的祖父。A.
manager经理；B. client客户；C. grandfather祖父；D. aunt姑妈，伯母。根据后文“Heart still racing from the
electric shocks, he climbed back up onto the platform, grabbed his things and continued on to his grandfather’s.(电
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父。故选C。
2．考查名词词义辨析。句意：当佩里和其他惊恐的乘客看到时，电流流过他的身体，他无法控制地颤抖着。
A. current气流；电流；B. oxygen氧气；C. wave海浪；大海；D. blood血。根据上句“On the platform,
something unthinkable happened: a man fell over the edge and onto the electrified train tracks! (在站台上，不可思
议的事情发生了:一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!)”可知，掉到电轨上，电流会流过他的身体。故选A。
3．考查动词词义辨析。句意：佩里不只是站在那里看着。A. imagine想象；B. watch看；C. shout呼喊；D.
record记录。根据后句“He sat at the edge of the platform and eased himself down.(他坐在月台边上，慢慢地坐
下来)”可知，他准备营救这个人，并不是站在那里看着。故选B。
4．考动查词词义辨析。句意：他以为他和那人之间的铁轨都通电了，于是迅速向受害者扑去。A. Hoping
希望；B. Assuming假设，认为；C. Complaining抱怨；D. Recalling回忆。根据本句“he quickly leaped
towards the victim(他迅速向受害者扑去)”可知，他认为自己和受害者之间的铁轨都通电了，所以他迅速向受
害者扑去。故选B。
5．考查副词词义辨析。句意：他立刻感到一阵强烈的电击穿过他的身体。A. Instantly立刻地；B. Slightly
轻微地；C. Normally通常，平常；D. Surprisingly 惊人地，出乎意料地。根据上句“ 4 all rails
between the man and him were electrified, he quickly leaped towards the victim(他以为他和那人之间的铁轨都通
电了，于是迅速向受害者扑去)”可知，他立刻感到一阵强烈的电流穿过他的身体。故选A。
6．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但第三次，他抓住了那个人的手腕和前臂，并设法将他的身体从铁轨上移开。
A. train火车；B. crowds人群；C. platform平台；D. rails铁路。根据上文“On the platform, something
unthinkable happened: a man fell over the edge and onto the electrified train tracks!( 在站台上，不可思议的事情
发生了：一个人从站台边缘掉到电轨上了!)”可知，受害者掉到了铁轨上，他将受害者的身体从铁轨上移开。
故选D。
7．考查名词词义辨析。句意：但他在那个人的心脏上按压了一会儿，直到受害者恢复了意识。A. strength
体力；B. balance平衡；C. consciousness意识；D. control控制，掌管。根据本句“he worked on the man’s
heart (他对受害者进行胸部按压)”可知，受害者失去了意识，所以进行胸部按压。故选C。
8．考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：佩里让专业人士接手。A. look ahead向前看；B. take over接管；C. get
around规避，逃避；D. keep away远离，避开。根据上句“Then, first-aiders arrived(随后，急救人员赶到了)”
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9．考查动词词义辨析。句意：晚间新闻报道了这一事件，并称赞一位无名英雄挽救了受害者的生命。A.
providing提供；B. engaging参加；C. assisting帮助；D. crediting赞扬。根据本句“an unnamed hero with
saving the victim’s life(一位无名英雄挽救了受害者的生命)”可知，英勇救人的事迹是值得赞扬的，故选D。
10．考查形容词词义辨析。句意：对许多人来说，佩里的勇敢事迹表明了选择同情而非个人安全的力量。
A. generous慷慨的；B. grateful感谢的，感激的；C. courageous勇敢的；D. faithful忠实的，忠诚的。根据
上文“But the third time he seized the man’s wrist and forearm, and managed to move the guy’s body away from
the 6 .(但第三次，他抓住了那个人的手腕和前臂，并设法将他的身体从铁轨上移开。)”可知，佩里
在火车站不顾个人的安危，勇敢地拯救了跌落在铁轨上的受害者。故选C。
第二节语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分）
A
（2023秋·北京·高三校联考开学考试）阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在
给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Swedish students generally welcome AI tools in education, but 62% consider using chatbots in exams as
cheating. However, the boundaries of cheating with AI remain uncertain. This result 11 (show)in a survey
from Chalmers University of Technology. The study, the first of its kind 12 (investigate)students’
attitudes towards AI in education has gathered crucial information and presented the results in an overview report.
The researchers hope the survey’s findings will empower students 13 help them get a better
understanding of AI’s role in learning.
【答案】11．is shown 12．to investigate 13．and
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了人工智能在学习中发挥的作用。
11．考查时态语态。句意：查尔姆斯理工大学的一项调查显示了这一结果。根据句意可知谓语动词show和
主语this result之间是被动关系，结合语境可知时态为一般现在时，因此使用一般现在时的被动语态，主语
this result是第三人称单数，谓语动词用单数。故填is shown。
12．考查动词不定式。句意：这项研究首次调查了学生对教育中人工智能的态度，收集了重要信息，并在
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investigate。
13．考查连词。句意：研究人员希望这项调查的结果能赋予学生权力，帮助他们更好地理解人工智能在学
习中的作用。根据句意可知前后句子之间是并列关系，使用and连接。故填and。
B
（2023·北京·首都师范大学附属中学校考模拟预测）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空，在未给提示词的空
白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Nowadays, people are choosing to live in a minimalist lifestyle. Minimalism, 14 (bear) out of early
20th-century modernism, was a trend 15 over-decorated and over-furnished. One of the main reasons
people choose to become minimalists is that they want to achieve more meaning in their life. Through practicing
minimalism, people reduce their possessions to ones that make them 16 (true) happy. Besides, digital
minimalism is particularly appealing to millennials who have grown tired of social media and being addicted to
their technology.
【答案】14．born 15．against 16．truly
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了极简主义的生活方式。
14．考查非谓语动词。句意：极简主义诞生于20世纪早期的现代主义，是一种反对过度装饰和过度布置的
趋势。分析句子可知，该句已有谓语was，空处要使用非谓语，主语Minimalism和bear（诞生）之间是逻
辑上的动宾关系，因此需使用其过去分词表示被动。故填born。
15．考查介词。句意：极简主义诞生于20世纪早期的现代主义，是一种反对过度装饰和过度布置的趋势。
分析句子并根据语境可知，极简主义是选择非常简单的生活方式，因此与过度装饰和过度布置的理念大相
径庭，因此需使用表示相反意味的介词against“反对；违背”。故填against。
16．考查副词。句意：通过实践极简主义，人们减少了他们的财产，只留下那些让他们真正快乐的东西。
分析句子可知，空处需使用副词truly（真正地）作状语修饰happy。故填truly。
C
（2023秋·北京·高三校联考开学考试）阅读下面短文，在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在
微信公众号：【高中精品资料君】全网最全电子讲义以及最全网课，有需要的联系微信：xygewx002给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Rachel had always been fascinated with the mysteries of the sea. She dreamed of exploring the 17
(deep)of it and discovering unknown creatures. Her obsession intensified when she discovered an old map in her
grandfather’s attic(顶楼), which showed a place marked “hidden treasure”. Ignoring 18 her mother had
warned, she started a small-boat adventure. After hours of searching with no luck, a friendly giant octopus appeared,
guiding her to a secret cave 19 she found treasures beyond her wildest dreams. From this experience,
Rachel 20 (know)that the bravest seekers often find the greatest treasures.
【答案】17．depths/depth 18．what 19．where 20．knew/has known
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了Rachel对海洋奥秘的探索。
17．考查名词。句意：她梦想着探索海洋的深处最深的地方，发现未知的生物。冠词修饰名词，depth“深
处”，根据句意，既可以用作可数名词单数也可以用作可数名词复数，故填depths/depth。
18．考查宾语从句。句意：她不顾母亲的警告，开始了一场小船冒险。空处引导宾语从句，从句中缺少宾
语，指物，使用what引导。故填what。
19．考查定语从句。句意：一只友好的巨型章鱼出现了，引导她到一个秘密的洞穴，在那里她发现了她最
疯狂的梦想之外的宝藏。空处引导定语从句，先行词cave在从句中充当地点状语，使用where引导。故填where。
20．考查动词时态。句意：从这次经历中，瑞秋知道最勇敢的探索者往往能找到最大的宝藏。根据句意可
知此处时态一般过去时，动词使用过去式，也可以描述过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。故填knew/has
known。
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节, 38分）
第一节（共14小题; 每小题2分, 共28分）
阅读下列短文, 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中, 选出最佳选项, 并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
（2023秋·北京·高三校联考开学考试）Stargazing Festivals in 2023
As more areas grow brighter with light pollution, national parks across the country have become dark-sky
微信公众号：【高中精品资料君】全网最全电子讲义以及最全网课，有需要的联系微信：xygewx002havens. Over the years, they are making a push to get certified as havens for sky-watching by the International
Dark Sky Association, and they even host events like stargazing festivals to get travelers excited about astronomy.
·Bryce Canyon National Park—June 14-17
Situated in southern Utah, Bryce Canyon earned its dark-sky title in 2019. The 35,835-acre park is an ideal
place to stay up late. This year, its annual astronomy festival includes guided stargazing sessions, lectures and “star
stories” presentations, family-friendly activities, and even a performance by strings musicians in the northern
Arizona-based Dark Sky Quartet.
·Shenandoah National Park—August 11-13
Conveniently located within a day’s drive from two-thirds of Americans, Shenandoah National Park’s night
sky festival is a low-lift way to dabble in astronomy. The nearly 200,000-acre park will host ranger talks, public
stargazing sessions, lectures, presentations, and activities for kids. Staffers are still working on this year’s full
schedule, but past events have covered topics ranging from space weather to nocturnal(夜间的) creatures.
·Great Basin National Park—September 14-16
Great Basin is one of the least crowded national parks, making it the perfect place to quietly appreciate the
mysteries of the cosmos. Its annual astronomy festival is scheduled for this fall and includes guest speakers,
constellation talks, observatory tours, and a photography workshop. During the festival’s unique “Art in the Dark”
program, participants will get to paint in low-light conditions and experiment with how their eyes perceive color.
·Joshua Tree National Park—October 13-14
Joshua Tree National Park, as the International Dark Sky Association notes, is the “nearest convenient place to
go stargazing under a relatively dark sky” for the 18 million people who live in the Los Angeles area. It became an
official dark sky park in 2017, and each year, it hosts a night sky festival in the fall. As luck would have it, this
year’s dates overlap with an annular “ring of fire” solar eclipse. From Joshua Tree, the moon will appear to obscure
between 70 and 80 percent of the sun.
21．What is the purpose of Stargazing Festivals?
A．To raise public interest in astronomy.
微信公众号：【高中精品资料君】全网最全电子讲义以及最全网课，有需要的联系微信：xygewx002B．To call for action against light pollution.
C．To provide a platform to observe stars.
D．To collect money for more observatories.
22．Where should you go if you want to experience working in low-light conditions?
A．Bryce Canyon National Park. B．Shenandoah National Park.
C．Great Basin National Park. D．Joshua Tree National Park.
23．What might be a bonus to visitors to Joshua Tree National Park during the festivals?
A．An observatory tour. B．A photography workshop.
C．A stargazing tour. D．A solar eclipse.
【答案】21．A 22．C 23．D
【导语】这是一篇应用文。作者列举了2023年四个国家公园的星空观测节活动。
21．细节理解题。根据第一段的“they even host events like stargazing festivals to get travelers excited about
astronomy (他们甚至举办观星节等活动，让旅行者对天文学感到兴奋)”可知观星节的目的是提高公众对天文
学的兴趣，故选A。
22．细节理解题。根据Great Basin National Park—September 14-16部分的“During the festival’s unique “Art
in the Dark” program, participants will get to paint in low-light conditions and experiment with how their eyes
perceive color (在艺术节独特的“黑暗中的艺术”项目中，参与者将在弱光条件下绘画，并实验他们的眼睛如
何感知颜色)”可知如果你想体验在弱光条件下的工作，你应该去大盆地国家公园，故选C。
23．推理判断题。根据Joshua Tree National Park—October 13-14部分的“As luck would have it, this year’s
dates overlap with an annular “ring of fire” solar eclipse (幸运的是，今年的日期与环形“火环”日食重叠)可知在
节日期间，日食可能是约书亚树国家公园游客的额外奖励，故选D。
B
微信公众号：【高中精品资料君】全网最全电子讲义以及最全网课，有需要的联系微信：xygewx002Ever wonder what happens to spacecraft after they get launched to space? Well, that is where my job as an
instrument operations engineer comes in. My job consists of planning, generating, and operating scientific
instruments in-flight. I am grateful for having worked on missions at Saturn, the Moon, and our own planet Earth.
When I was a high-schooler, I was unsure of what college I wanted to attend, or what major I wanted to
choose. After receiving an email from a college called Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), I decided to
apply to a summer program they were offering with the encouragement of my mom. After participating in that
program, I knew that MIT was the right university for me. The passionate students and boundless opportunities
developed a feeling of belonging in me that led me to apply and eventually get accepted.
The most exciting and fulfilling part of being an engineer is that I am able to work on projects that benefit
humanity. When people think of the space industry, they picture the outer reaches of our solar system. What they
may not imagine is the great body of work being done to study our own home-Earth. I am thankful to have a career
that allows me to commit myself to that responsibility.
The highlight of my career has been witnessing the end of the Cassini mission to Saturn. Some of the people
on the team had been working on the mission for longer than I had been alive, but they still treated me as one of
their own. I was given the opportunity to operate the cameras that would catch breathtaking images of the planet.
And when the Cassini spacecraft had run out of fuel, I quickly learned that it was not just the end of the mission,
but the end of a team. The night we watched with bittersweet longing as its signal faded to nothing is something
that I will always keep in my memories. And while Cassini will be remembered for its historic contributions, what I
will remember it for is the team it brought together.
My friends often ask why a girl could achieve all these. I always grew up a big fan of fiction. I read the Harry
Potter books and loved anything fantasy. I realized that a common theme of hero stories is that the hero must
always make a choice to start their adventure. If you don’t pick up the sword in your own story because you are
afraid of what may happen next, you risk not having a story at all.
24．Why did the author apply to MIT?
A．The majors in MIT interested her. B．Her mother urged her to go to MIT.
C．She set this goal as a high-schooler. D．A summer program made her love MIT.
微信公众号：【高中精品资料君】全网最全电子讲义以及最全网课，有需要的联系微信：xygewx00225．What does the author think about her occupation?
A．It’s easy to predict what she does. B．It’s hard for a girl to have such a career.
C．She is annoyed by being misunderstood.D．She is proud to work for human well-being.
26．What does the author value most in the Cassini mission?
A．Its historic contributions. B．The team it brought together.
C．Breathtaking images of the planet. D．The opportunity to operate the cameras.
27．What can we learn from the story?
A．Practice makes perfect. B．No way is impossible to courage.
C．Well begun is half done. D．Time lost cannot be won again.
【答案】24．D 25．D 26．B 27．B
【导语】这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者是一名工程师，工作包括规划、制作和操作飞行中的科学
仪器。作者认为自己从事有益于人类的项目，感到感激和满足。
24．细节理解题。根据第二段“After receiving an email from a college called Massachusetts Institute of
Technology (MIT), I decided to apply to a summer program they were offering with the encouragement of my
mom. After participating in that program, I knew that MIT was the right university for me.(在收到一封来自麻省
理工学院的电子邮件后，在我妈妈的鼓励下，我决定申请他们提供的暑期项目。在参加了这个项目之后，
我知道MIT是适合我的大学)”可知，作者申请麻省理工学院是因为一个暑期项目使她爱上了麻省理工学院。
故选D。
25．推理判断题。根据第三段“The most exciting and fulfilling part of being an engineer is that I am able to work
on projects that benefit humanity.(作为一名工程师，最令人兴奋和满足的部分是我能够从事有益于人类的项目)”
以及“What they may not imagine is the great body of work being done to study our own home-Earth. I am thankful
to have a career that allows me to commit myself to that responsibility.(他们可能无法想象的是，研究我们自己的
家园地球的大量工作正在进行。我很感激有这样一份工作，能让我承担起这样的责任)”可知，作者因自己为
微信公众号：【高中精品资料君】全网最全电子讲义以及最全网课，有需要的联系微信：xygewx002人类福祉而工作而自豪。故选D。
26．细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“And while Cassini will be remembered for its historic contributions, what I
will remember it for is the team it brought together.(虽然卡西尼号将因其历史性贡献而被铭记，但我将铭记的
是它所凝聚的团队)”可知，在卡西尼号任务中，作者最看重的是它所凝聚的团队。故选B。
27．推理判断题。根据最后一段“I realized that a common theme of hero stories is that the hero must always
make a choice to start their adventure. If you don’t pick up the sword in your own story because you are afraid of
what may happen next, you risk not having a story at all.(我意识到英雄故事的一个共同主题是，英雄必须总是
做出选择，开始他们的冒险。如果你在自己的故事中因为害怕接下来可能发生的事情而不拿起剑，你就有
可能根本没有故事)”可知，我们能从这个故事中学到“勇者无惧”的道理。故选B。
C
Laughing together is an important way for people to connect and bond. And though the causes of laughter can
vary widely across individuals and groups, the sound of a laugh is usually recognizable between people belonging
to different cultures.
But what about animals? Do they “laugh”? And are the causes of animal and human laughter alike? In humans,
people may laugh when they hear a joke, or when they see something that they think is funny, though it’s unknown
if animals’ intelligence includes what humans would call a sense of humor.
However, many animals produce sounds during play that are unique to that pleasant social interaction.
Researchers consider such vocalizations to be similar to human laughter. Recently, scientists investigated play
vocalization to see how common it was among animals. The team identified 65 species that “laughed” while
playing — most were mammals (哺乳动物), but a few bird species demonstrated playful laughter too. Reports of
playful laughter were notably absent in studies describing fish, perhaps because there is some question as to
whether or not play exists at all in that animal group. This new study could help scientists to analyze the origins of
human laughter.
But how can we identify play? Unlike fighting, play is usually repetitive and happens independently of other
social behaviors, said lead study author Sasha Winkler, a doctor of biological anthropology at the University of
California. When it comes to identifying it, “you know it when you see it,” Winkler told Live Science. One sign is
that primates — our closest relatives — have a “play face” that is similar to the expressions of humans who are
微信公众号：【高中精品资料君】全网最全电子讲义以及最全网课，有需要的联系微信：xygewx002playing.
When Winkler previously worked with rhesus macaques, she had noticed that the monkeys panted (喘气)
quietly while playing. Many other primates are also known to vocalize during play, she said, so a hypothesis
(laughter in humans is thought to have originated during play) supported by the play-related panting laughter of
many primate species was put forward.
People now still laugh during play, but we also integrate laughter into language and non-play behaviors, using
laughter in diverse ways to express a range of emotions that may be positive or negative. Human laughter notably
differs from other animals’ laughter in another important way: its volume. People broadcast their laughter loudly,
often as a way of establishing inclusion. By comparison, when most animals laugh, the sound is very quiet — just
loud enough to be heard by the laugher’s partner.
“It’s really fascinating that so many animals have a similar function of vocalization during play,” Winkler told
Live Science. “But we do have these unique parts of human laughter that are also an important area for future
study."
28．What is the main purpose of the passage?
A．To explain causes of animal and human laughter.
B．To assess complexities regarding animal laughter.
C．To present findings on the existence of animal laughter.
D．To analyze differences between animal and human laughter.
29．What can we learn from this passage?
A．Animal laughter is even noticeable in fish.
B．Animal laughter is hard to recognize during play.
C．People have learned to combine play with laughter.
D．People laugh loudly because they want to involve others.
30．What is probably the focus of future study on laughter?
微信公众号：【高中精品资料君】全网最全电子讲义以及最全网课，有需要的联系微信：xygewx002A．Distinctive features of human laughter.
B．Different functions of animal laughter.
C．The origin and development of human laughter.
D．The relationship between animal laughter and intelligence.
【答案】28．C 29．D 30．A
【导语】本文是一篇新闻报道。文章报道了关于“动物界存在笑声”的相关研究成果。
28．推理判断题。根据第二段中“But what about animals? Do they “laugh”? And are the causes of animal and
human laughter alike?(但是动物呢？他们会“笑”吗？动物和人类笑的原因是一样的吗？)”提出的三个问题、第
三段中“Recently, scientists investigated play vocalization to see how common it was among animals. The team
identified 65 species that “laughed” while playing — most were mammals (哺乳动物), but a few bird species
demonstrated playful laughter too.(最近，科学家们调查了游戏中的发声，看看它在动物中有多普遍。研究小
组确定了65种会在玩耍时“笑”的物种——大多数是哺乳动物，但一些鸟类也会笑)”、第五段中“Many other
primates are also known to vocalize during play, she said, so a hypothesis (laughter in humans is thought to have
originated during play) supported by the play-related panting laughter of many primate species was put forward.(她
说，许多其他灵长类动物也会在玩耍时发出声音，因此提出了一种假说(人类的笑声被认为是在玩耍时产生
的)，这种假说得到了许多灵长类动物与玩耍有关的喘息笑声的支持)”和最后一段中“‘It’s really fascinating
that so many animals have a similar function of vocalization during play,’ Winkler told Live Science.(温克勒告诉
《生活科学》杂志说：“这么多动物在玩耍时都有类似的发声功能，这真的很有趣。”)”中给出的相关答案可
知，本文是为了展示“动物界存在笑声”相关研究的成果。故选C项。
29．细节理解题。根据第六段中“People broadcast their laughter loudly, often as a way of establishing inclusion.(人
们大声传播他们的笑声，这通常是作为一种寻求参与者的方式)”可知，人们大声地笑是为了让其它人参与进
来。故选D项。
30．推理判断题。根据最后一段中“But we do have these unique parts of human laughter that are also an
important area for future study.(但我们确实有人类笑声所独有的部分，这也是未来研究的一个重要领域)”可推
知，接下来的研究很可能重点关注人类笑声的独特特征。故选A项。
D
微信公众号：【高中精品资料君】全网最全电子讲义以及最全网课，有需要的联系微信：xygewx002Plants need sunlight for photosynthesis (光合作用), the process of absorbing energy from light to create their
own food from carbon dioxide and water. That’s why plants grow and thrive in the warmer months when there is
more daylight and are dormant in the colder months.
But this process isn’t particularly efficient and only one percent of the energy contained in sunlight actually
ends up in the plant, according to a news release from the University of California, Riverside. Now scientists at the
university have found a way to bypass the need for natural photosynthesis and to create food by using artificial
photosynthesis. This allows plants to grow in complete darkness. “With our approach we sought to identify a new
way of producing food that could break through the limits normally imposed by biological photosynthesis,”
corresponding author Robert Jinkerson, a UCR assistant professor of chemical and environmental engineering said
in the news release.
The researchers devoted to artificial photosynthesis used a two-step electrocatalytic (电催化) process to
convent CO2, water, and electricity into acetate (醋酸盐) — the main ingredient of vinegar — that the plant
organisms consumed to grow. The researchers adjusted the electrolyzer, a device that uses electricity to support the
growth of food producing organisms. to come up with the highest levels of acetate ever produced by this method.
The new artificial photosynthesis method could be up to 18 times more efficient than sunlight. Experiments
showed that a large range of food producing organisms could be grown using this acetate. “We were able to grow
food producing organisms without any contributions from biological photosynthesis,” said Elizabeth Hann, a
doctoral candidate in the Jinkerson lab and co-lead author of the study. “This technology is a more efficient method
of turning solar energy into food, as compared to food production that relics on biological photosynthesis,” she
said.
By eliminating the need for sunlight, he potential of this method to increase food supply in regions with less -
than ideal growing conditions is almost endless, according to New Atlas.
Food will be able to be grown almost anywhere, including in space and on other planets. “Imagine someday
giant vessels growing tomato plants in the dark and on Mars — how much easier would that be for future Martians?”
co-author Martha Orozco-Cárdenas, director of the UCR Plant Transformation Research Center said.
While this may be years off, the potential to grow food using artificial photosynthesis has great value in
feeding a hungry place where the population is growing and arable land shrinking. This new method increases the
微信公众号：【高中精品资料君】全网最全电子讲义以及最全网课，有需要的联系微信：xygewx002efficiency of food production using less land and minimizes the environmental impact on the planet.
31．What does the underlined word “dormant” in Paragraph 1 most probably mean?
A．Fresh. B．Resting. C．Healthy. D．Normal.
32．What is Paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．The process of artificial photosynthesis.
B．The contribution of natural photosynthesis.
C．The efficiency of sunlight on plant organisms.
D．The wide range of applications of artificial photosynthesis.
33．According to Martha Orozco-Cárdenas, artificial photosynthesis is .
A．accurate B．dangerous C．promising D．impractical
34．What can we learn from the passage?
A．Biological photosynthesis can help produce higher quality food.
B．Biological photosynthesis is more efficient in turning solar energy into food.
C．Using artificial photosynthesis may decrease the efficiency of food production.
D．Using artificial photosynthesis to grow food can reduce environmental influence.
【答案】31．B 32．A 33．C 34．D
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人工光合作用的过程以及积极效果。
31．词句猜测题。根据划线词上文“That’s why plants grow and thrive in the warmer months when there is more
daylight (这就是为什么植物在温暖的月份生长和茁壮成长)”以及后文“in the colder months”结合常识，可知，
植物在阳光充足的温暖月份生长茂盛，而在寒冷的月份休眠。故划线词意思是“休息的”。故选B。
32．主旨大意题。根据第三段“The researchers devoted to artificial photosynthesis used a two-step
electrocatalytic (电催化) process to convent CO2, water, and electricity into acetate (醋酸盐) — the main
微信公众号：【高中精品资料君】全网最全电子讲义以及最全网课，有需要的联系微信：xygewx002ingredient of vinegar — that the plant organisms consumed to grow. The researchers adjusted the electrolyzer, a
device that uses electricity to support the growth of food producing organisms. to come up with the highest levels
of acetate ever produced by this method.(致力于人工光合作用的研究人员使用两步电催化过程将二氧化碳、水
和电转化为醋酸盐——醋的主要成分——植物有机体消耗醋酸来生长。研究人员调整了电解槽，这是一种
利用电力来支持食物生产生物生长的设备。用这种方法生产出了最高水平的醋酸盐)”可知，第三段的主要内
容是人工光合作用的过程。故选A。
33．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Food will be able to be grown almost anywhere, including in space and on
other planets. “Imagine someday giant vessels growing tomato plants in the dark and on Mars — how much easier
would that be for future Martians?” co-author Martha Orozco-Cárdenas, director of the UCR Plant Transformation
Research Center said.(食物几乎可以在任何地方种植，包括在太空和其他星球上。“想象一下，有一天，巨大
的容器在黑暗中在火星上种植番茄——这对未来的火星人来说会容易多少？”UCR植物转化研究中心主任
Martha Orozco-Cárdenas说)”可知，Martha Orozco-Cárdenas认为人工光合作用是有希望的。故选C。
34．细节理解题。根据最后一段“This new method increases the efficiency of food production using less land
and minimizes the environmental impact on the planet.(这种新方法使用更少的土地提高了粮食生产的效率，并
最大限度地减少了对地球环境的影响)”可知，利用人工光合作用种植食物可以减少对环境的影响。故选D。
第二节(共 5 小题;每小题 2分，共 10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂
黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。
（2023秋·北京海淀·高三统考期中）Which is healthier: a bag of crisps or a vegetable salad? That is easy.
Now which is healthier: a pizza made from scratch or one made from the same basic ingredients, with the same
number of calories, pulled out of a box in the freezer? Many people would instinctively(本能地) say the former,
perhaps showing a vague concern with processed food. Such food can often be delicious. And there is much to
cheer about calories being cheap and abundant. 35
What’s the distinction between “ultra-processed food(upf)” and “processed food”? Almost everything people
consume is processed in some form. Rice is harvested; animals are butchered. Upf is usually described as
“formulations of ingredients, made by a series of industrial processes, many requiring advanced equipment and
technology”. 36 The one in the freezer, with its extra, modified ingredients, is upf.
微信公众号：【高中精品资料君】全网最全电子讲义以及最全网课，有需要的联系微信：xygewx002Upf harms people in ways both known and unknown. It seems to affect the trillions of bacteria that contribute
to health in a range of ways. Calorie-rich but usually nutrient-poor, upf contributes to obesity(肥胖症).
Upf displaces healthier alternatives, particularly for poor people. 37 Extra weight was once a sign
of wealth, but among British and American women today, obesity rates are higher at lower-income levels.
38 Additives that may be safe in small quantities may be harmful in combination with other
chemicals or when consumed regularly. If we are what we eat, considering the impact of upf is essential.
39 People who live in so-called “food swamps”, where upf is everywhere but real food is harder to
reach, could spend large amounts of time and money seeking out fresh food, but that is not how most people live.
There is nothing wrong with the odd fast-food trip, but anyone who can afford to eat less upf probably should.
A．Environment matters, too.
B．It’s cheap to produce and buy.
C．But that cheapness and abundance come at a cost.
D．Even foods labeled “natural” or “organic” can be processed.
E．A pizza made from scratch contains minimally processed food.
F．Some people have a particular weakness for salty potato crisps.
G．The reasons why upf can be harmful are not always clear, even to scientists.
【答案】35．C 36．E 37．B 38．G 39．A
【导语】本文是一篇议论文，主要讲述了要警惕超加工食品的危害。
35．前文“Many people would instinctively(本能地) say the former, perhaps showing a vague concern with
processed food. Such food can often be delicious. And there is much to cheer about calories being cheap and
abundant.(许多人本能地会说前者更健康，也许是出于对加工食品的隐约担忧。加工食品往往很美味。而且
含有让人欢呼雀跃的又多又便宜的卡路里。)”讲述了许多人对加工食品表示担忧，并先肯定了加工食品的优
点，所以空处应讲述加油食品让人担忧的方面，C项“但那种多和便宜是要付出代价的。”与上文形成转折，
且选项中的“cheapness and abundance”对应前句中的“cheap and abundant”。故选C。
微信公众号：【高中精品资料君】全网最全电子讲义以及最全网课，有需要的联系微信：xygewx00236．后文“The one in the freezer, with its extra, modified ingredients, is upf.(冰箱里的披萨是超加工食品，里面
含有额外的、经过改良的成分。)”中的The one in the freezer与第一段中的“one made from the same basic
ingredients, with the same number of calories, pulled out of a box in the freezer”对应，所以空处应是讲述从头开
始制作的披萨的情况，E项“从零开始制作的披萨含有最低限度的加工食品。”符合题意，选项中的“A pizza
made from scratch”与第一段中的“a pizza made from scratch”对应。故选E。
37．前文“Upf displaces healthier alternatives, particularly for poor people.(超加工食品替代了更健康的食品，对
穷人来说尤其如此。)”讲述了穷人用超加工食品替代了更健康的食品，空处应承接上文，陈述这么做的原因，
B项“它的生产和购买成本低廉。”符合题意。故选B。
38．后文“Additives that may be safe in small quantities may be harmful in combination with other chemicals or
when consumed regularly.(在少量使用时可能无害的添加剂，在与其他化学物质混合或经常摄入时可能会有
害。)”讲述了有些添加剂在少量食用时无害，但在与其他化学成分混合或者经常使用时却有害，所以空处应
是说超加工食品有害的原因并不总是很清晰。G项“超加工食品为何有害的原因并不总是清晰明了，甚至连
科学家也不清楚。”符合题意。故选G。
39．后文“People who live in so-called ‘food swamps’, where upf is everywhere but real food is harder to reach,
could spend large amounts of time and money seeking out fresh food, but that is not how most people live.(生活在
所谓的‘食物沼泽’中的人们，那里的超加工食品无处不在，但真正的健康食物却很难获得，人们可能要花费
大量的时间和金钱去寻找新鲜食物，但这并不是大多数人的生活方式。)”讲述了有些人生活在超加工食品泛
滥的环境中，他们很难获得健康的食物，由此可知，人们所处的环境对健康也很重要。A项“环境也很重要。”
符合题意。故选A。
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，32分)
第一节(共 4 小题;第 40、41题各 2分，第 42题 3分，第 43题 5分，共 12分)
阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。
E-waste is a serious problem that isn’t going to get better on its own. Here are some do-it-yourself tips on how
to manage e-waste.
Maybe the biggest cause of our e-waste problem is the fact that we buy things that we just don’t need. Next
time you feel like you need a device or electronic item, stop yourself and ask if it is truly necessary. This is maybe
微信公众号：【高中精品资料君】全网最全电子讲义以及最全网课，有需要的联系微信：xygewx002also the easiest way we can manage e-waste. Organize your electronics. If you don’t keep your connectors, DVDs,
wires and gadgets organized, you won’t be aware of what you have. When we buy duplicate electronics because we
think we need them, we are contributing to our growing e-waste problem. “How to manage e-waste” becomes less
of an issue when we keep our own houses in order.
If you do not need a piece of equipment and it is in good enough condition to be reused, donate it as soon as
you can so that somebody else can use it. Donations are good for us because they are a useful way to get tax
deductions, and a lot of times that tax deduction will be close to the value of the item had you tried to sell it. Take
your electronics back to the store. Some stores offer trade-in programs, where you can drop off your old equipment
in return for gift cards.
There are also places to sell electronics that might be valuable to somebody else. Just be sure to sell them right
away, because they lose value very rapidly in our changing market.
If you are frequently receiving memory sticks and little gadgets, collect them into a good-e-bag. Whenever
you no longer need a USB stick or a small electronic device, toss it into the bag. You might be surprised at how
quickly it fills up. So be sure you are utilizing your materials and products thoughtfully. With these tips you can use
DIY solutions to learn how to manage e-waste. Your house will be cleaner, you will save money and you’ll be
doing a good thing.
40．What is the biggest cause of our e-waste problem?
41．How can people get tax deductions when managing e-waste?
42．Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Sell the electronics that you don't need right away because the earlier you sell them, the more gift cards you
can get.
43．Why do we need to manage our e-waste? (In about 40 words)
微信公众号：【高中精品资料君】全网最全电子讲义以及最全网课，有需要的联系微信：xygewx002【答案】40．The biggest cause of our e-waste is (the fact) that we buy things that we just don’t need./ It is the
fact that we buy things that we just don’t need. /(The fact)That we buy things that we just don’t need.
41．They/People get tax deductions by making donations. /Through donations./Donating is a useful way to get tax
deductions./By donating (their equipment when it is in good enough condition).
42．Sell the electronics that you don’t need right away because the earlier you sell them, the more gift cards
you can get. According to the passage, sell the electronics that you don’t need right away because they lose value
very rapidly in our changing market./According to the passage, because the electronics lose value very rapidly in
our changing market, the earlier you sell them, the more valuable they will remain.
43．Managing our e-waste can reduce the pressure on the environment. If we don’t deal with the fast-growing
e-waste properly, it will pollute our environment or even affect the food chain. Plus, it can relieve the shortage of
metal resources, because some metals in e-waste are reusable if they are recycled.
【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了电子垃圾产生的原因以及危害。
40．考查细节理解。根据第二段中“Maybe the biggest cause of our e-waste problem is the fact that we buy
things that we just don’t need.(也许电子垃圾问题的最大原因是我们买了我们根本不需要的东西)”可知，电子
垃圾的最大原因是我们买了我们根本不需要的东西。故答案为The biggest cause of our e-waste is (the fact)
that we buy things that we just don’t need./ It is the fact that we buy things that we just don’t need. /(The fact)That
we buy things that we just don’t need.
41．考查细节理解。根据第三段“If you do not need a piece of equipment and it is in good enough condition to
be reused, donate it as soon as you can so that somebody else can use it. Donations are good for us because they are
a useful way to get tax deductions, and a lot of times that tax deduction will be close to the value of the item had
you tried to sell it.(如果你不需要一件设备，而且它的状况足够好，可以重复使用，那么尽快把它捐赠出去，
让其他人可以使用。捐赠对我们有好处，因为它们是获得税收减免的有效方式，而且很多时候，税收减免
将接近你试图出售的物品的价值)”可知，人们通过捐款获得税收减免。故答案为They/People get tax
微信公众号：【高中精品资料君】全网最全电子讲义以及最全网课，有需要的联系微信：xygewx002deductions by making donations. /Through donations./Donating is a useful way to get tax deductions./By donating
(their equipment when it is in good enough condition).
42．考查细节理解。根据倒数第二段“There are also places to sell electronics that might be valuable to
somebody else. Just be sure to sell them right away, because they lose value very rapidly in our changing
market.(还有一些地方出售对其他人来说可能有价值的电子产品。一定要马上把它们卖掉，因为它们在不断
变化的市场中很快就会贬值)”可知，根据这篇文章，卖掉你不需要的电子产品，因为它们在我们不断变化的
市场中很快就会失去价值。故错误的部分为“because the earlier you sell them, the more gift cards you can get.”。
故答案为Sell the electronics that you don’t need right away because the earlier you sell them, the more gift
cards you can get. According to the passage, sell the electronics that you don’t need right away because they lose
value very rapidly in our changing market./According to the passage, because the electronics lose value very
rapidly in our changing market, the earlier you sell them, the more valuable they will remain.
43．开放题，言之有理即可，注意字数。题干：为什么我们需要管理电子垃圾？可回答：管理电子垃圾可
以减少对环境的压力。如果我们不妥善处理快速增长的电子垃圾，它将污染我们的环境，甚至影响食物链。
此外，它可以缓解金属资源的短缺，因为如果回收利用，电子垃圾中的一些金属是可重复使用的。故答案
为Managing our e-waste can reduce the pressure on the environment. If we don’t deal with the fast-growing
e-waste properly, it will pollute our environment or even affect the food chain. Plus, it can relieve the shortage of
metal resources, because some metals in e-waste are reusable if they are recycled.
第二节(20分)
假如你是李华，你的美国朋友Ella写信给你，询问怎样戒除吃过多不健康零食的不良习惯。请根据以下要
点给她回信：
1. 你的看法；
2. 具体建议。
注意：
1. 词数100左右；
2. 开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。
微信公众号：【高中精品资料君】全网最全电子讲义以及最全网课，有需要的联系微信：xygewx002Dear Ella,
You asked me to give you advice on
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________________
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Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
【答案】Dear Ella,
You asked me to give you advice on how to get rid of the bad habit of eating too many unhealthy snacks, I am
writing to tell you some of my opinions.
Eating snacks is a waste of money. It’s also a bad habit that we should get rid of. Besides, most snacks have
too much fat and sugar, which is harmful to health. As young students, we should develop healthy eating habits.
You should eat more vegetables and fruits instead of unhealthy snacks. In addition, it’s advised to quit consuming
fast food frequently. Finally, drink water instead of sugary drinks.
I hope my advice can help you.
Sincerely yours,
Li Hua
微信公众号：【高中精品资料君】全网最全电子讲义以及最全网课，有需要的联系微信：xygewx002
