17神州十三号夜赴天河、冬季世界杯、101岁老人捕捉龙虾（解析版）_02中考总复习（2026版更新中）_03-英语-中考总复习_2024年中考复习资料_专项复习资料_答案解析版

关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载 中考时文阅读练习 17 中考时文阅读练习----神州十三号夜赴天河 题型：短文填空 主题语境：现代技术 语篇类型：记叙文 词数：271 难度：★★★★☆ 建议用时：8分钟 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个活当的词或括号内所给单词的正确形式。 On Oct. 16th,2021, China launched the Shenzhou XIII mission to the Tiangong space station early in the morning,marking the start of 1 longest spaceflight of China. About 9 hours after the launch. the three members—ZhaiZhigang, Wang Yaping and Ye Guangfu—entered the station's core module(核心舱),named Tianhe. They started 2 (they) six- month journey inside the station from then on. 1关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载 The mother of a 5-year-old girl, Wang is China's 3 (two)female(女性的)astronaut to take part in a spaceflight. She 4 (take) part in the Shenzhou X mission in June 2013. In the Shenzhou XIII flight.she is the first Chinese woman to enter a space station and is also the first Chinese woman to carry out a spacewalk. A lot of tasks will be completed 5 the three astronauts, according to Pang Zhihao,a spaceflight researcher in Beijing. “They will carry out some tasks like testing the life-support systems and health management plans. They will also check 6 the core module and the Shenzhou spaceship can withstand(承受）abad environment during a long-term flight,"he said.“The mission is 7 (value) for China's science community because it allows the astronauts to carry out some large in-orbit(在轨的) experiments.” The researcher said that female astronauts 8 (actual) have many advantages over male astronauts. . “Women are usually more sensitive and careful in many 9 (way), and normally are better at communicating, which are useful in long-term flights. And a female astronaut usually 10 (bring) more joy to a difficult mission,”Pang said, noting he looks forward to Wang's success. 1._________ 2._________ 3._________ 4._________ 5._________6._________ 7._________ 8._________ 9._________ 10._________ 【译文】 2021年10月16日凌晨，中国发射了“神舟”十三号载人飞船，它的任务是前往“天宫”空 间站，这标志着中国历时最长的太空飞行的开始。 发射后约9小时，三名成员——翟志刚、王亚平和叶光富进入了空间站的“天和”核心舱。 自此，他们在空间站内开启了为期六个月的旅行。王亚平是一个5岁女孩的母亲，也是中国第二位参 与航天任务的女航天员。2013年6月，她执行了“神舟”十号飞行任务。在“神舟”十三号飞行任务 中，她成为首位进入空间站的中国女性，也成为首位进行太空行走的中国女性。 北京的航天研究人员庞之浩表示，这三名航天员将要完成很多任务。 “他们将执行一些任务，如测试生命支持系统和健康管理方案。他们还将检查核心舱 和‘神舟’飞船是否能在长期飞行过程中承受恶劣的环境，”他说，“对中国的科学界来说，这次任 务是很有价值的，因为它让航天员可以进行一些大型在轨实验。” 2关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载 该研究人员说，实际上，与男航天员相比，女航天员有着很多的优势。庞之浩说：“在 许多方面，女性通常更敏锐，更细心，而且，她们通常更善于沟通。这些特质在长期飞行任务中很有 用。而且，女航天员通常能为艰巨的任务带来更多的欢乐。”他还说，他期待王亚平取得成功。 【语篇解读】 2021年10月16日.神舟十三号载人飞船顺利升空。航天员翟志刚、王亚平和叶光富开始了 为期六个月的太空之旅。王亚平也因此成为第一位进驻空间站的中国女航天员。 【答案详析】 1. the 此处指这标志着中国最长时间的太空飞行的开始。空后为形容词最高级longest，故填 定冠词the。 2.their 他们从此开始了在空间站里为期六个月的旅程。此处表示“他们的”，故填they的形 容词性物主代词their。 3.second 根据语境可知，此处指王亚平是中国的第二位女航天员，故填two的序数词形 second。4.took 她在2013年6月参与神舟十号飞行任务。本句的时态为一般过去时，故填take的过去 式took。 5.by 此处指有很多任务将由这三名航天员完成。此处为被动语态，故填by，表示这三位航天 员是施动者。 6.whether/if 此处指他们也会检查核心舱和神舟飞船是否可以在长期的飞行中承受恶劣环境 的影响。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少宾语从句的引导词，故填whether或if。 7. valuable 此处指这次飞行任务对中国科学界来说是很有价值的。所填词作表语，修饰The mission，故填value 的形容词形式valuable。 8.actually 这位研究员说，相比男航天员，女航天员实际上有许多优势。所填词在此处作状 语，修饰动词have，故填actual 的副词形式actually。 9. ways 此处指在许多方面女性通常更敏感和细心。空前有many修饰，way 表示“方面”时 为可数名词，故填其复数形式ways。 10. brings 此处指女航天员通常会给艰巨的任务带来更多的欢乐。本句描述的是一般情况， 因此时态为一般现在时。主语为 a female astronaut,故填bring 的第三人称单数形式brings。 【长难句分析】 原句：（倒数第二段最后一句)The mission is valuable for China's science community because it 3关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载 allows the astronauts to carry out some large in-orbit experiments. 译文：这项任务对中国科学界来说很有价值,因为它让航天员可以进行一些大型的在轨实验。 分析：这是一个复合句。The mission is...science community 是主句,because 引导原因状语从 句。 中考时文阅读练习----冬季世界杯 题型：阅读理解 语篇类型:说明文 词数：208 主题语境：体育与赛事 难度：★★★★☆ 建议用时：8分钟 Do you know the 2022 world Cup will be held in Qatar? And FIFA(国际足联）has made a big decision(决定）.The 2022 Qatar World Cup will be held in November and December.It is the first time FIFA has moved he event from its traditional summer to winter. According to the decision, the 2022 World Cup will start on November 21. The final will take place on December 18, one week before Christmas. The competition(比赛) will last 28days,half a week shorter than usual. 4关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载 FIFA said.“This is an important step for us. December 18.2022 is a Sunday. and it's National Day in Qatar, so it fits very well."Many people disagreed that Qatar had the chance to hold the2022 World Cup,since summer temperatures(温度） there are very high. Sometimes, the temperature may be about 50 ℃. So the country had an idea to move it to winter. At last FIFA gave the chance to Qatar. Although the change is good for the players, there is still much opposition . The biggest opposition comes from the major European leagues,because the new time is just Europe's club season. FIFA said they would try their best to make things go well. 1.The traditional World Cup is usually held in______. A. spring B. summer C. autumn D. winter 2. How long will the 2022 World Cup last? A. Thirty days. B. Thirty-one days. C. Twenty-five days. D. Twenty-eight days. 3.Qatar's National Day is on_____. A. December 18 B. December 21 C. November 18 D. November 21 4.Why did Qatar want to hold the 2022World Cup in winter? A. Because winter is good for ski racing. B. Because FIFA asked it to do so. C. Because its summer temperatures are too high. D. Because its National Day is in winter. 5. What is the Chinese meaning of the underlined word“opposition”？ A.反对 B.鼓励C.焦虑 D. 支持 【译文】 你知道2022年世界杯将在卡塔尔举行吗？国际足联已做出了一个重大决定。2022 年卡塔尔 世界杯将在 11 月和 12 月举行，这是国际足联首次将该赛事从传统的夏季改至冬季。 5关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载 根据该决定，2022年世界杯将于11月21日开幕。决赛将于12月18日举行，即圣诞节 前一周。比赛将持续28天，比平时短半周。 国际足联表示：“这对我们来说是重要的一步。2022年12月18日是一个周日，而且是 卡塔尔的国庆日，所以这天非常合适。”许多人不同意让卡塔尔获得举办 2022 年世界杯的机会，因 为卡塔尔的夏季气温非常高，有时温度可能达到50℃左右。因此，该国想出了将比赛移至冬季的主意。 最后，国际足联把这个机会给了卡塔尔。 虽然这种改变对球员来说是好事，但仍有很多反对的意见。最大的反对来自欧洲各大联 赛，因为新的时间正好是欧洲俱乐部的赛季。国际足联表示，他们将尽力使事情顺利进行。 【语篇解读】 2022年世界杯将在卡塔尔举行。由于卡塔尔夏季温度较高，于是该国申请在冬季举办世 界杯，最终国际足联同意了这一想法。 【答案详析】 1. B 推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The 2022 Qatar World Cup will be held in November and December.It is the first time FIFA has moved the event from its traditional summer to winter.” 可知，2022年卡塔尔世界杯将在11月和12月举办，这是国际足联首次将赛事从传统的夏季改到冬季 举行。由此可推知，传统的世界杯通常在夏季举行。 2.D 细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句中的“The competition will last 28 days”可知，2022 年世界杯将持续28天。 3.A 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“December18.2022 is a Sunday, and it's National Day in Qatar”可知，卡塔尔的国庆日是在12月18日。 4.C细节理解题。根据第三段中的“since summer temperatures there are very high...So the country had an idea to move it to winter"可知，卡塔尔想要在冬季举办2022年世界杯是因为该国夏季温 度太高了。 5.A 词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“Many people disagreed that Qatar had the chance to hold the 2022 World Cup"可知，之前有很多人不同意在卡塔尔举办2022年世界杯：再据画线词所在句的下 一句可知，改后的比赛日期是欧洲俱乐部的赛季。由此可推知，此处指尽管改期对运动员有好处，但 仍有很多人反对，故画线词意为“反对”。 【长难句分析】 6关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载 原句：（第一段最后一句)It is the first time FIFA has moved the event from its traditional summer to winter. 译文：这是国际足联首次将赛事从传统的夏季改到冬季举行。 分析：本句是一个复合句。FIFA has moved the event from its traditional summer to winter是 省略了that的定语从句，修饰先行词the first time。 中考时文阅读练习----101 岁老人捕捉龙虾 题型：阅读理解 主题语境：个人兴趣 语篇类型：记叙文 词数：295 难度：★★★☆☆ 建议用时：10分钟 When Virginia Oliver started catching lobsters（龙虾) off Maine's coast in the late 1920s, the world was a very different place.Electronic(电子的）traffic lights were the most recent invention,and few women were fishing for lobsters. Nearly a century later,at the age of 101,she's still doing it. She's the oldest lobster catcher in the state of Maine—and possibly the world. Oliver started catching lobsters at the age of 8.Her father worked in the lobster industry(行业)， so she would go on the boat with him. Now, she catches lobsters with her 78-year-old son Max, using a boat that once belonged to her late husband. She said she has no plans to stop, but she is worried about the health of Maine's lobster population which is under heavy fishing pressure these days. "I've done it all my life,so I might as well keep doing it,"Oliver said. During Oliver's decades of life on the water, the lobster industry has changed. Lobsters have changed from being a working-class food to a delicacy(佳肴）.They're now much more expensive,and people catch them with metal traps（金属捕捉器)instead of wooden ones. 7关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载 However,other parts are similar. Oliver still puts a kind of small fish into traps to lure the lobsters in and still gets up early to get on the boat to prepare it. After all these years Oliver still looks forward to a lobster dinner and usually makes one for herself once a week. Oliver still enjoys catching lobsters and being on the water."I like doing it. I like being along the water,”she said."And so I'm going to keep on doing it just as long as I can." 1.Why does the writer mention“electronic traffic lights”and “few women”in Paragraph 1? A. To show lobsters in Maine were different. B. To show Virginia Oliver started catching lobsters very early. C. To tell readers few women were good at catching lobsters. D. To tell readers electronic traffic lights were invented recently. 2.What is Virginia Oliver worried about? A. Water pollution in Maine. B. No one catches lobsters with her. C. There are too many lobsters. D. The health of Maine's lobster population. 3. What have changed in the lobster industry according to the passage? ① Lobsters' price. ② Tools to catch lobsters. ③Lobsters' taste. ④ Lobsters' feed. A.①② B.③④ C.①④ D.②④ 4.What does the underlined word“lure”mean in Chinese? A. 引诱 B.宰杀C.饲养 D.恐吓 5.What is the best title for the passage? A.How to feed lobsters B.How to catch lobsters C. The lobster industry is changing a lot in Maine D. A 101-year-old woman is still catching lobsters 【译文】 20世纪20年代末，Virginia Oliver开始在缅因州海岸附近捕捉龙虾，当时的世界与现在 大不相同。那时电子交通信号灯刚被发明出来，而且很少有女性捕捉龙虾。 8关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载 近一个世纪后，101岁的她仍然在捕捉龙虾。她是缅因州乃至全世界最年长的龙虾捕手。 Oliver从8岁开始捕捉龙虾。她的父亲曾在龙虾行业工作，所以她会和父亲一起上船。现在， 她和78岁的儿子Max一起捕捉龙虾，使用的是一艘曾属于她已故丈夫的船。 她说她不打算停下，但她担心缅因州龙虾的数量是否处于健康状态，它们近日正处于沉 重的捕捞压力之下。Oliver说：“我一辈子都在做这个，所以我不妨继续做下去。” 在Oliver几十年的水上生活中，龙虾产业已经发生了改变。龙虾已经从工人阶级的食物 变成了一种美味佳肴。现在，龙虾比以前贵了很多，而且，人们捕虾的工具也从木制的换成了金属的。 然而，其他部分还是相似的。Oliver仍然会把一种小鱼放进捕捉器，以引诱龙虾进来， 也仍然会早起上船进行准备。这么多年过去了，Oliver仍然期待着龙虾大餐，她通常每周为自己做一 顿。 Oliver仍然喜欢捕捉龙虾，喜欢在水上的感觉。她说：“我喜欢做这件事，我喜欢在水边。 因此，只要我能做到，我就会继续做下去。” 【语篇解读】 Virginia Oliver从8岁开始捕捉龙虾，到目前为止已经93年，101岁的她仍在继续捕捉龙虾。 【答案详析】 1.B 推理判断题。根据第一段可知，在Virginia Oliver开始捕捉龙虾时，当时的世界与如今 的世界差异很大。那时电子交通信号灯刚被发明出来.很少有女人捕捉龙虾。由此可推知，作者提到 electronic traffic lights 和 few women是为了强调Virginia Oliver 很早就开始捕捉龙虾了。 2. D 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“she is worried about the health of Maine's lobster population”可知，Virginia Oliver担心缅因州的龙虾数量是否处于健康状态。 3.A 细节理解题。根据第五段中的“They're now much more expensive, and people catch them with metal traps instead of wooden ones.”可知，龙虾比以前贵了很多，人们捕捉龙虾的工具也从木制的 换成了金属的，因此①②正确。 4.A词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句可知，Oliver仍然把小鱼放在捕捉器里，她这样做是为 了让龙虾进入捕捉器。因此可推知，lure意为“引诱”。 5.D 主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了101岁的Virginia Oliver从8岁到现在一直在捕捉龙虾的 故事，故D项最适合作本文标题。 【长难句分析】 原句：（第三段最后一句）Now,she catches lobsters with her 78-yearold son Max, using a boat that once belonged to her late husband. 9关注公众号：陆陆高分冲刺 ~领取：最新版“小中高考-总复习”、最新试卷下载 译文：现在，她和78岁的儿子Max用一艘曾经属于她已故丈夫的船捕捉龙虾。 分析：这是一个复合句。using a boat that once belonged to her late husband是现在分词短语 作方式状语，其中，that引导定语从句，修饰先行词a boat。 10