文档内容
必修第三册 Unit 4 Scientists who changed the world(1)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
French physicist Alain Aspect was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physics in 2022，confirming
the theory of quantum entanglement.This theory，famously discussed by Albert Einstein，states
that the properties of two particles remain connected，like an invisible string，regardless of their
distance when they are split into two.It remained a theory until Aspect and his team proved it in a
laboratory experiment for the first time in 1981，involving two photons(光子) at a distance of 12
meters.
Physicist Alain Aspect，along with Anton Zeilinger and John Clauser，received an award for
their research on quantum strangeness.Aspect is known for his leadership and the international
collaboration he promotes in the physics community，according to former Paris-Saclay University
president，Retailleau.“Aspect is also a ‘tireless teacher’ who gives impressive lectures，”
she added.His former student Olivier Reymond，who is now working on developing a quantum
processor，said，“As well as passing his passion for physics on to his students，Aspect is also a
food lover who will tell you all about his recipes for the goose liver.”
Alain Aspect gained recognition for his experimental verification of Bell’s inequalities，
introduced by John Bell in 1964.His experiments involved measuring the properties of photons
moving in opposite directions to investigate their correlations ，such as polarizations.Aspect
proposed and successfully implemented an experimental scheme to measure photon properties by
rapidly adjusting polarizers as the photons traveled through the device.His idea was essential in
advancing quantum entanglement research.
Sheila Rowan，president of the Institute of Physics which publishes Physics World，
congratulated the team on their “well-deserved” recognition.“This is an area of physics with
ongoing，profound impact，at a fundamental level to help understand the world around us and
being explored for use in highly novel technologies for sensing and communication today，” she
added.
Aspect’s experiments have sparked significant interest and advancement in quantum
entanglement research.Quantum computers have the potential to outperform traditional computers
and provide new avenues for analyzing and processing large amounts of data faster.They could also
lead to the discovery of new material properties and reduce power consumption in manufacturing
processes.Quantum computing allows for more efficient and cost-effective research by conducting
multiple simulations on a computer rather than in a lab.
1．What can be concluded about Aspect’s experiment?A．Few people can comprehend its complicated process.
B．Interpersonal communication is promoted because of it.
C．It was conducted successfully decades before Aspect won the Nobel Prize.
D．Sheila Rowan played quite an important role in the publication of the result.
2．According to paragraph 2，what is Aspect in addition to being a physicist?
A．A tiresome professor. B．An inspiring teacher.
C．A cross-cultural food lover. D．An empathetic community leader.
3．What can be inferred from the passage?
A．Aspect deserves the Nobel Prize for theoretical contributions to computing.
B．The team’s findings will bring about changes both in science and daily life.
C．Aspect is working as the president in Paris-Saclay University for the moment.
D．The team’s main contribution is the finding of practical methods in experimenting.
4．Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?
A．Fruitful Joint Efforts in Popular Science
B．Alain Aspect—a Theoretical Physicist
C．Nobel Prize—for Experimental Purpose
D．Ground-breaking Achievement in Physics
B
(2024·江苏南通期末)
In 1960，at just 26 years old，Jane Goodall was chosen to go to what is now Tanzania and
study the little-known world of chimpanzees.Since then，she has received many awards and
honorary degrees and become the model of some young girls.
But before Goodall was a world-renowned conservationist，she was just a kid who liked
animals.She was born loving animals so people gave her diverse animal toys.Now，Goodall has
received an unusual honor.She is becoming a toy—a Barbie doll with little girly clothes.
Goodall may not have expected to become a Barbie at 88 years old—but it’s not just any
doll，it’s made out of recycled plastic.And the Barbie is partnering with the Jane Goodall
Foundation and her Roots & Shoots program，which inspires young people to protect others，
animals and the environment.The main message is “every day you live，you make an impact on
the planet and you get to choose what sort of impact you make”．
Once Goodall had given a talk about protecting the world in Burundi school and a little boy of
7 came up to her and said，“If I pick up a piece of trash every day，it will make a difference，
won’t it？” She said，“Yes，it will.And suppose you persuade 10 of your friends to pick up
the rubbish every day.” He said，“Oh，that’s it.They could all get 10 of their friends！”
Goodall has been inspiring young people for decades，but now，newer generations will get
to know Jane Goodall.“I sincerely hope that the Barbie will help kids to create more interest andfascination in the natural world，” she said.“It doesn’t really matter if they have a career in
conservation，as long as they live conservation in their daily lives.”
5．What gets young girls interested in Jane Goodall?
A．The Jane Goodall Barbie doll. B．Jane Goodall’s childhood experience.
C．Her work with the chimpanzees. D．Her research into environmental pollution.
6．What is the Roots & Shoots program aimed at?
A．Partnering with Jane’s Foundation.
B．Supporting young people in trouble.
C．Producing toys out of recycled plastic.
D．Encouraging kids to protect the planet.
7．What can we learn from Goodall’s talk with the little boy?
A．People should make many friends.
B．Every effort can make a difference.
C．Everyone has a potential to succeed.
D．Rubbish should be dealt with regularly.
8．What can be inferred from the text?
A．Jane Goodall is strange to new generations.
B．Barbie dolls will be popular in the toy market.
C．The spirit of Jane Goodall will inspire more people.
D．Conservation of nature will be the most popular career.
Ⅱ.七选五
5G mobile technology has officially begun rolling out across the globe，which indicates a
dynamic acceleration(加速) in our world of connectivity.It promotes operational cooperation
tourism hasn’t experienced before. __1__ This is perceived from both the way the industry
operates and the side of the traveler.
__2__ It’s expected to offer organizations a wireless network that transforms the way people
and machines use data.Unlike previous network generations,5G is now being seen as not just a
consumer platform ， but a primary communications platform that can also provide cloud
connectivity and edge processing that can offer real-time business insights and automated
responses，and eventually integrate the billions of Internet of Things(物联网) devices and data
that are available.
As travel companies have transformed their operations with new digital systems，their focus
has moved from the technology itself to the improved business outcomes and enhanced guest and
passenger experiences driven by the technology. __3__ With advanced connectivity speeds and low
latency(延时)，guests can share their personal data to receive custom recommendations from
travel companies in real time that should provide meaningful experiences.__4__ For example，
guests can involve themselves in viewing rooms and hotel facilities，or preview local attractions asthey plan their trips.
To prepare to roll out this new technology，travel companies should ensure they have a
thorough understanding of their guests’ expectations on what makes a first-rank travel experience.
__5__
A．It also transforms the travel experience.
B．5G’s capabilities can support that change.
C．5G offers significant security guarantee definitely.
D．However，people haven’t got well prepared for the 5G era.
E．Virtual experiences give guests an early taste of the destination.
F．Then they should find ways to adapt their processes and services to meet them.
G．5G opens up a new way of accessing information and delivering business value.
Ⅲ.完形填空
For a little girl growing up in Colombia ， a science career with NASA may seem
impossible.Trujillo，however，is an aerospace __1__ who leads a team at the NASA laboratory
__2__ for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover(火星探测器)．
How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to __3__ exploring it? That’s
a tale of __4__ written in the stars.
Born in 1983，even as a young girl Trujillo was __5__ of her passion for science.But she
doubted how far she’d be able to __6__ in a male-dominated field.Then her dad offered to send
her to Miami.Only 17 at the time，she __7__ the offer.
Trujillo took a series of housekeeping __8__ to put herself through Miami Dade
College.Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way through her __9__.But she
didn’t __10__.“I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity.”
Then came another life-changing moment.She became the first Hispanic(西班牙语国家的)
woman to be __11__ to the NASA Academy.Later，she became an engineer at NASA’s Goddard
Space Flight Center.
This February，when the Perseverance rover __12__ on the surface of Mars，it was __13__
by commentary(解说) from Trujillo in NASA’s first-ever Spanish-language __14__.
Trujillo’s own story is __15__ that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of
opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars.
1．A.astronaut B．pilot C．engineer D．guide
2．A.eager B．responsible C．concerned D．grateful
3．A.actually B．hardly C．accurately D．repeatedly
4．A.innovation B．kindness C．passion D．sympathy
5．A.certain B．approved C．afraid D．fond
6．A.respond B．rise C．invest D．apply
7．A.made up B．turned up C．picked up D．took up8．A.measures B．activities C．jobs D．courses
9．A.studies B．purchases C．recreations D．trips
10．A.clarify B．fear C．perceive D．complain
11．A.applied B．admitted C．assigned D．introduced
12．A.originated B．generated C．landed D．waited
13．A.accompanied B．distracted C．estimated D．occupied
14．A.theory B．broadcast C．comment D．performance
15．A.career B．information C．competence D．proof
Ⅳ.语法填空
Five outstanding researchers received this year’s L’Oreal-UNESCO For Women in Science
Programme at a ceremony in Paris，France 1.____________ Friday evening for their pioneering
research in the life sciences.One of the 2.____________(receive) was Chinese ancient
vertebrates(脊椎动物) scientist Zhang Miman.
82-year-old Zhang ， also 3.____________(know) as Meemann Chang ， is a
palaeontologist(古生物学家) at the Institute of Vertebrate Palaeontology and Palaeoanthropology
(IVPP)．Many species，such as the extinct fish Meemannia，have been named in honor of her.In
2016 ， Zhang 4.____________(give) the Romer-Simpson Lifetime Achievement
Award,5.____________ is the highest prize in vertebrate palaeontology.
“She was appointed for her pioneering work on fossil(化石) records 6.____________(lead)
to a clear understanding of how oceanic vertebrates adapted to life on land，” UNESCO said in a
statement.Zhang is the 7.____________(five) Chinese female scientist to win the award.The other
four winners 8.__________(be) from South Africa，the UK，Argentina and Canada.
As 9.____________ result of a partnership between French company L’Oreal and the United
Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization(UNESCO)，the L’Oreal-UNESCO
For Women in Science foundation was founded in 1998 10.____________(encourage) equality in
science.Each winner will be awarded $100,000 as part of their prize.
Ⅴ.应用文微写作
你校正在举办中国传统文化节活动，学校安排你担任英语解说员，向前来你校访问的外
国朋友介绍此次活动的开展情况。请你写一篇解说词，内容包括：
1．活动目的；2.活动内容；3.简短评论。
范文补全
Good morning，dear friends!
Welcome to our school!
We are now hosting the Traditional Chinese Culture Festival,1.______________________(目
的 是 帮 助 学 生 们 了 解 更 多 的 中 国 传 统 ， 传 播 中 国 文
化).2.______________________________________________________________(在这次为期一
个月的节日里有各种各样的活动)．If you like art，you can go to the traditional Chinesepainting show.If you are a music
lover,3.______________________________________________(中国民间音乐会将是你的菜)．
For calligraphy lovers ， I recommend Chinese calligraphy
lectures,4._______________________________________(在那里，你能在现场学习怎么写字)．
5．________________________________________________________________(几百名老
师和学生参加了这个节日)．They say they love the activities.I hope you will love them too.
Thank you for listening!
