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必修第三册 Unit 1 Nature in the balance(2)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·湖南常德期末)
Look up how to increase your life expectancy(预期寿命)，and you will probably see plenty
of results recommending that you have a healthy diet，get sufficient sleep，work out and cut out
tobacco and too much alcohol consumption.But what many of us don’t know is that our
relationships also affect our life expectancy.Social integration is associated with greater life
satisfaction，better health and increased life expectancy.People with wide social networks are more
likely to be happy，experience fewer health issues，enjoy better mental health and to live a lot
longer.
Now this doesn’t mean that we should dive head first into a relationship whenever we’re
lonely in order to avoid dying young.Harmful relationships can be as isolating as being alone，so
who we choose to break bread with is absolutely vital to our overall health.
Have you ever wondered why some people are single and happy，while others are drowning
in suffering? Or why some married couples exist in a consistent state of bliss，while others are
practically enemies?
Research shows that marriage has greater benefits for men than it does for women.Being
coupled allows men to receive the essential emotional support that they would lack if they were
single.They also get the added benefit of being physically taken care of thanks to the gender roles
society still subscribes to.
Women，on the other hand，don’t have as much luck when it comes to being coupled.A
woman in a harmful relationship is likely to experience the mental ，emotional and physical
consequences that come with that.On the contrary，a woman in a healthy relationship is likely to
live well.Research shows that the women who are happily married tend to be coupled with partners
who take on their fair share of household responsibilities.
But that’s not all ， age gaps also need to be factored in to determine relationship
satisfaction.Couples with wider age gaps are more likely to be harmonious compared to their peers.
1．What does the writer intend to emphasize in paragraph 1?
A．Some health problems.
B．Ways to increase life expectancy.
C．The effect of sleep on people’s health.
D．The importance of human relationships.
2．What does the underlined word “bliss” mean in paragraph 3?A．Happiness. B．Kindness. C．Loneliness. D．Friendliness.
3．What can we learn from the research?
A．Marriage benefits men and women equally.
B．Women benefit more from marriage than men.
C．Men are better taken care of because of the gender roles.
D．Good relationship can effectively prevent people from dying lonely.
4．What would be probably discussed in the next paragraph of this passage?
A．The influence of a harmonious marriage.
B．Relationship satisfaction for older couples.
C．Gender differences in marriage satisfaction.
D．The benefits of wider age gaps in marriage.
B
Reading is a complex and crucial skill that impacts the youth’s ability to perform as
students.Therefore ， it’s important to develop reading skills during childhood.A team of
researchers focused on the effect of wholebody learning in instruction，known as embodied
learning.
The research included 149 children，aged 5 to 6，who had just started school.They were
divided into three groups: one that stood up and used their whole bodies to shape letter sounds; a
seated group that shaped letter sounds with their hands and arms；and a control group that received
traditional，seated instruction during which they wrote letters by hand.
“Our research showed that children who used their whole bodies to shape the sounds of
letters became twice as proficient(熟练的) at letter sounds that are more difficult to learn as those
who received traditional instruction ， ” says PhD student Linn Damsgaard of UCPH’s
Department of Nutrition，Exercise and Sports.
With regard to difficult letter sounds，she adds，“There are many difficult letter sounds in
Danish.These sounds are particularly important because once children become proficient at them，
they will be better readers.”
Associate professor Jacob Wienecke，who led the study，explains，“The primary goal is to
learn more about which methods can be used to give beginner readers a good start.The idea is that
if，through play and movement，we can learn where their strengths truly lie，we’ll create a
form of learning that combines reading with play，and that’s truly positive.”
Previously，the researchers showed that the children felt more motivated by teaching methods
which included physical movement.Jacob Wienecke hopes this will provide an opportunity to
inspire teachers and school managers to prioritize movement across subjects.
The study also investigated whether a direct effect of embodied learning could be found on
children’s reading of individual words.This was not possible，which might be due to the fact that
the children were at such an early stage of their literacy development that they could not yet usetheir knowledge of letter sounds to read words.
5．What were the participants required to do in the study?
A．To pick out difficult letter sounds in Danish.
B．To learn new letters through repeated writing.
C．To learn letter sounds using different approaches.
D．To memorize some letter sounds as soon as possible.
6．How can embodied learning get children actively involved?
A．By combining learning with games.
B．By offering them chances to cooperate.
C．By inspiring them to overcome difficulties.
D．By explaining instructions to them patiently.
7．What does Jacob expect of the research finding?
A．Promoting harmonious teacherstudent relationships.
B．Urging schools to pay attention to physical exercise.
C．Enabling researchers to carry out further studies.
D．Encouraging educators to apply it to teaching.
8．What could be the best title for the text?
A．Wholebody Learning—a Good Start to Children’s Reading
B．Embodied Learning—a Booster for Children’s Reading Speed
C．Children’s Reading Skills Matter a Lot in Their Literacy Development
D．Children’s Literacy Development Depends on the Flexibility of Their Bodies
Ⅱ.七选五
I came to Russia to study in the winter of 2021.My university is located in Moscow，the
capital of Russia，which is a city with a long history.
The second I stepped out of the airport，I immediately felt how cold it was outside.__1__
When I saw the main building of Moscow State University，I was deeply shocked by its beautiful
architecture with its 270yearlong history.Sensing how small I was in front of this splendid
building，I felt the crystallization(结晶) of human wisdom resonate within me.
__2__ The snow and ice won’t melt until April of the following year.Just like the melting
snow，I gradually overcame the difficulties of studying abroad and came to adjust to my new
environment.
The first challenge was the language barrier.After learning Russian in China，I realized that
my skills were nowhere near enough.I was not fluent in Russian ， sometimes causing
misunderstandings.__3__ In Russia，everyone intentionally stands on the right side when taking
the escalator(自动扶梯)，which takes time to get used to.
The artistic atmosphere in Russia is very strong，however.__4__ Tickets for concerts andcultural events here are relatively cheap，making it easy to enrich my life on weekends.
In a nutshell，living abroad means overcoming all kinds of difficulties.The experience will
always leave a colorful shade in our lives.Just as the old saying in Chinese goes，“It is better to
travel ten thousand miles than to read ten thousand books.” __5__
A．Take a look at the outside world while you are young!
B．Obviously，the freezing climate does not agree with me.
C．The cultural differences were also hard to deal with at first.
D．I can visit many of the attractions that I used to see in my textbooks.
E．And the buildings surrounding me looked so different from the ones in China.
F．Starting from early November each year，the snow season in Moscow is very long.
G．Thanks to the abundant activities I get to explore what I’ve learned in practical contexts.
Ⅲ.完形填空
I was in the middle of the Amazon with my wife.We did not speak the local language，did not
know the customs，and even did not entirely __1__ the food.We could not have felt more __2__.
Then one perfect Amazonian evening，we played soccer.__3__ darkness came over the field
and the match ended，the goalkeeper，Juan walked over to me and asked，“In your home，do
you have a moon too? ” I was surprised.After I __4__ to Juan that yes I felt a sort of awe at the
__5__ that existed in his world，where the unknown and undiscovered was __6__ and amazing.
In our society，we know that Earth has only one moon.I can，from my computer，__7__
satellite images of Juan’s village.There are no more moons to search for ，little __8__ to
discover.Yet，as an ant biologist，I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown.How
__9__ are we? The question of what we know and do not know __10__ bother me.
I began to __11__ newspaper articles about new species，and on and on they __12__.In
looking into the __13__ of biological discovery，I also began to find a collection of scientists，
who very often focused on common phenomena more to the point of exhaustion(筋疲力尽)，and
even at the risk of the __14__ of their peers.
We used to think that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters.Yet，when something new
__15__，more often than not，we do not even know its name.
1．A.produce B．recognize C．attain D．prepare
2．A.conservative B．familiar C．foreign D．natural
3．A.As B．If C．Once D．Although
4．A.announced B．committed C．complained D．responded
5．A.differences B．possibilities C．definitions D．expressions
6．A.suspicious B．similar C．absurd D．vast
7．A.take up B．pull up C．pick up D．make up
8．A.kept B．banned C．left D．bounded9．A.accessible B．elegant C．ignorant D．relevant
10．A.instantly B．constantly C．occasionally D．absolutely
11．A.evaluate B．seize C．polish D．collect
12．A.appeared B．existed C．formed D．quitted
13．A.fictions B．plots C．stories D．moments
14．A.tease B．envy C．support D．admiration
15．A.updates B．settles C．develops D．emerges
Ⅳ.语法填空
Ji Jiahe，from No.2 High School of East China Normal University，wants to help people
around him who are suffering from depression.His team project won first prize in the 2022 Brain
Challenge,1.____________ is held by Brain Bee for young students ， and this year
2.____________(be) the third year of the competition since 2020.
Ji’s project，aided by two other friends and team members Zou Ruoyao and Zhang Yutian，
has an interesting name called Le Bu Si Shu(“乐不思鼠”)．They have focused 3.____________
innovating the tail suspension test(悬尾实验).4.____________(normal) in a tail suspension test，
rats with depression 5.__________(divide) into two groups，with only one group injected(注入)
with the new antidepressant whose efficacy is about to be tested.The two groups of rats are hung by
their 6.____________(tail)．Researchers observe how long each group of rats struggles to free
7.____________(they)．His team also came up with the idea of using computers to quantify
8.____________ calculate rats’ movements.Researchers can decide whether each movement
counts based on the numbers that the computer gives,9.____________(use) the weighing scale(体
重计) to capture every single movement of a rat.
In the future ， Ji wants to become a researcher.“I think the most fundamental way
10.____________(help) is developing medicines，so that’s the field I will be working on，” Ji
added.
Ⅴ.读后续写微写作
My baby Reese started screaming and I struggled to hold him in my arms as we pushed our
way through the crowd to the side of the tae kwon do(跆拳道) studio，where I would send my boy
for the training.
I looked up，and that was when I saw the photo on a poster，a woman with a bright white
smile surrounded by her daughters.“OUR MOM NEEDS A KIDNEY(肾脏)，” it said above
the photo.“My name is Vonchelle Knight，and I have polycystic kidney disease，” it said
below.“I am a single mother of two girls and have been on the transplant wait list for eight
years.”
As I continued to read，I thought about how desperately this momma needed a kidney.And
then the idea struck me.I wanted to donate my kidney to the woman whom I had never met.
On the drive home，I told my husband I wanted to donate my kidney to a stranger.By the lookon his face，he clearly thought I had lost my mind.I was a busy mom of two boys working a full-
time job as a sales account manager.I had a calendar filled with sporting events，group fitness and
volunteer hours.
“Where is this coming from？” he asked.I was excited and slightly terrified as I explained
the poster.I told him I wanted to at least call Vonchelle’s nurse and get more information.
Several weeks later，the results were in.We were a perfect match! The nervous excitement
filled my body.Thoughts swirled in my head as I realized I had the ability to give this momma a
new lease on life.Vonchelle had already waited eight years and obviously didn’t have any family
members who could donate.
I told my husband that the doctor could do the transplant on January twentyfifth.His eyes filled
with tears as he stared at me and nodded.Vonchelle’s daughter worked at my son’s tae kwon do
studio，so I shared the news with her.
One day before the donation，the doctors scheduled me to meet Vonchelle.
范文补全
As she walked through the door of the meeting room，I walked up to her，my heart
beating wildly.1.____________________________________(她灿烂的微笑很有感染力)，and I
couldn’t help but feel a sense of admiration at the woman before me.Here was the person who had
been waiting eight long years for a kidney，and now because of my decision to donate，she had a
chance at a new life.2.______________________________________________________(我们紧
紧地拥抱在一起，眼泪从我们的脸上流了下来) as we exchanged words of gratitude and hope.In
that moment,3.______________________________________(我知道我做了正确的决定)，and
that the bond between us would be unbreakable.
After the successful transplant ， Vonchelle was recovering well.I visited her in the
hospital,4.______________________________________________________(看着她慢慢地恢复
力量和活力)．Her daughters were by her side，holding her hand and smiling through their
tears.5.____________________________________________________________________( 当 我
看着她们的时候，我感受到一种之前从未有过的满足感)．In giving Vonchelle the gift of life，
I had also given myself a gift—the knowledge that even in the darkest of times，there is always
hope ， always a chance for something beautiful to emerge.And as I left the hospital that
day,6.____________________________________________________(我知道我会永远记着这次
经历)，a reminder of the power of human connection and the beauty of selfless giving.
