文档内容
1．soil n．土壤；国土，领土，土地
2．ecosystem n．生态系统
3．overseas adj.海外的，国外的 adv.在海外，向国外
4．region n．地区，区域；行政区
5．continent n．大陆，陆地，洲
6．million num.一百万；许多，大量
7．biodiversity n．生物多样性
8．species n．(pl.species)种，物种
9．nut n．坚果
10．lily n．百合(花)
11．wildlife n．野生动植物，野生生物
12．beneath prep.在……下面，在……下方；配不上
13．mass n．大量；团，块，堆；一大群 adj.大批的，广泛的
a mass of/masses of...大量的……
the masses群众；平民百姓
14．towering adj.高大的，高耸的；出色的
15．hardwood n．阔叶树；硬材(阔叶树的木材)
16．living adj.活着的，活的；在使用的 n．生计，谋生；生活方式
17．mammal n．哺乳动物
18．jaguar n．美洲豹，美洲虎
19．frog n．蛙，青蛙
20．insect n．昆虫
21．microorganism n．微生物
22．nutrient n．营养素，营养物
23．carbon n．碳
24．oxygen n．氧，氧气25．thus adv.因此，从而；这样
26．cattle n．牛
27．impact n．影响，作用；撞击，冲撞 vi.& vt.有影响；冲击
have an impact on/upon对……有影响，对……起作用，产生效果
28．damage vt.& n．损坏，破坏，损害，伤害
对……造成损害
29．climate n．气候；倾向，风气
30．greenhouse n．温室，暖房
31．gas n．气体；煤气；汽油
32．drought n．旱灾，久旱
33．brochure n．小册子
34．belt n．地带，地区；腰带；传送带
35．medal n．奖章，勋章
36．image n．形象；图像；意象
37．shark n．鲨鱼
38．whale n．鲸
39．deer n．(pl.deer)鹿
40．track vt.& vi.跟踪，追踪 n．足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线
·track sb/sth down搜寻到；跟踪找到；追查到
·keep/lose track of sb/sth了解/不了解……的动态；与……保持/失去联系
41．habitat n．生活环境，栖息地
42．nowhere adv.无处，哪里都不
43．dolphin n．海豚
44．resident n．居民，住户
45．chief n．首领，最高领导人 adj.主要的；首席的
46．committee n．委员会
47．smog n．雾霾，烟雾
48．protest vi.反对，抗议 vt.反对；坚持声称，申辩 n．抗议，反对
49．profit n．利润，收益；好处 vi.& vt.获益，得到好处
50．process n．过程，进程；步骤，流程 vt.加工，处理
51．policy n．政策，方针；原则
52．branch n．(政府或机构)部门；分部；树枝；支流；分支
53．strategy n．策略，行动计划；策划，部署
54．recycle vt.回收利用，再利用
55．subway n．地铁；地下人行道56．former adj.昔日的，前任的；以前的，从前的
57．official n．官员，要员 adj.公务的；正式的，官方的
58．poverty n．贫穷，贫困；贫乏
59．length n．长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长→long adj.长的→lengthen v．加
长
60．disappear vi.不复存在，灭绝，消亡；消失；失踪→disappearance n．消失→appear vi.
出现
61．agriculture n．农业，农学→agricultural adj.农业的；农艺的
62．extinction n．灭绝，绝种→extinct adj.灭绝的，绝种的
63．global adj.全球的；全面的→globe n．球体；地球
64．organization n．组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理→organize vt.组织→organizer n．
组织者→organized adj.有组织的；有条理的
65．absolutely adv.绝对地，完全地；极其→absolute adj.绝对的，完全的
66．entirely adv.完全地，全部地，完整地→entire adj.完全的
67．economic adj.经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的→economical adj.节约的；经济的
→economy n．经济→economist n．经济学家→economics n．经济学
68．poison vt.污染；毒死，毒害 n．毒物，毒药→poisonous adj.有毒的
69．chemical n．化学制品 adj.化学的；化学作用的→chemistry n．化学→chemist n．化学
家
70．further adj.更多的，更进一步的 adv.较远，更远；进一步 vt.促进，增进→far adj.&
adv.远的(地)→farther adj.& adv.更远的(地)→furthest/farthest adj.& adv.最远的(地)
71．in turn相应地，转而；轮流，依次
by turns轮流
take turns to do...轮流做……
It is one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事。
72．due to由于，因为
be due to do sth预定/预期做某事
be due to sb应付给/给予某人
be due for sth应有某物；应得到某物
73．breathe life into给……带来起色，注入活力
74．build up逐渐增加，扩大
75．call for(公开)要求；需要
76．spring to mind突然记起(或想到)
77．get rid of摆脱，丢弃，扔掉
78．give rise to使发生(或存在)；引起
79．play a role in...在……中起重要作用；扮演重要角色80．in length在长度上
81．be made up of由……组成
82．sign up报名
83．The Amazon River，from which the rainforest gets its name，is close to 6,400 kilometres in
length...(“介词＋which” 引导定语从句)
亚马孙雨林得名于亚马孙河，亚马孙河长接近6 400千米……
84．Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.(完全倒装)
往上是阴暗森林地表厚实的落叶层。
85．Some call for the application of modern technology，and others a change of lifestyle.(省略)
一些人呼吁应用现代技术，另一些人呼吁改变生活方式。
86．As the human population continues to grow，so does the effect we have on animals.(so＋助
动词＋主语)
随着人口的持续增长，我们对动物的影响也在不断增加。
87．We’ve been taking various measures，including the use of new technologies，to reduce
pollution in the production process，even though these measures raise our production costs.
(even though引导让步状语从句)
我们一直在采取各种各样的措施，包括新科技手段的运用，来减少生产过程中产生的污染，
尽管这些措施会增加我们的生产成本。
1．harm n．& vt.伤害，损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的
·do harm to sb＝do sb harm伤害某人
There is no harm (in) doing...做……无害处
·be harmful to对……有害
2．variety n．不同种类；变化，多样性；变种，变体→vary v．变化→various adj.各种不
同的，各种各样的
·a variety of＝varieties of各种各样的
·vary from...to...在……到……之间变化；从……到……不等
vary in sth在某方面不同
vary with/by...随……而变化
3.survive vi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难→survival n．幸存；生还→survivor n．幸存者
·survive on靠……存活下来
A survive B (by＋时间) A比B多活……
·survive本身已表示“幸存；幸免于”，因而不需要在其宾语前加多余的介词in或from。
4.application n．应用，运用；申请→apply v．应用；申请；涂；有关；运用→applicant
n．申请人apply (to sb) for sth(向某人)申请某物
apply...to...把……应用于……
apply oneself to致力于/集中精力于……(to为介词)
5.defence(AmE defense) n．辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国防；防守→defend vt.保护；防
御；辩白→defensive adj.防御性的；自我保护的
·in defence (of) 保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护
in one’s defence为某人辩护
·defend...against/from(doing...)保护……免受……
defend oneself自卫；为自己辩护
6.consequence n．结果，后果；重要性→consequent adj.随之发生的→consequently adv.因
此；结果
as a consequence(＝in consequence＝consequently＝as a result)结果，因此
as a consequence of(＝as a result of)由于
7.break down使分解(为)，使变化(成)；(机器等)出故障，抛锚；(身体、精神)垮掉；坍塌，
崩溃；消除；(谈判、计划等)失败；破裂
break away (from)挣脱(束缚)；脱离
break up驱散；拆分；打碎；(婚姻或关系)破裂；(会议或聚会)解散；结束
break into闯入；突然……起来
break out爆发；发生
break through取得突破；克服
8.come up with想出，想到；拿出；提出
come across(偶然)遇见，碰见；被理解
come about发生(无被动形式)
come on加油；到来；得了吧
come out出版；结果是；(花)开放
come up走近；上来；被提出
when it comes to...当谈及……
9.倍数表达法
With an area of around 6 million square kilometres，the Amazon rainforest is more than half the
size of China.
亚马孙雨林的面积约为600万平方千米，比中国国土面积的一半还要大。
常见的倍数表达法有：
A＋be＋倍数＋the＋名词(size/weight/length/...)＋of＋B
A＋be＋倍数＋what从句A＋be＋倍数＋as＋形容词/副词原级＋as＋B
A＋be＋倍数＋形容词/副词比较级＋than＋B
10.while引导让步状语从句
While a significant number of jaguars survive here，they are only one element of this forest’s
food chain.
尽管相当多的美洲豹在这里生存，但它们只是这个雨林食物链的一个要素。
本句中的While引导的是让步状语从句，意为“虽然，尽管”。
while的其他用法：
·作从属连词，引导时间状语从句，意为“在……期间，当……时”。
·作并列连词，表示“然而，而”。
·作名词，表示“一会儿，一段时间”。
1．沉迷于网络游戏对我们的身心健康有害。因此，戒掉它没有害处。(2021·全国乙，发言
稿)
Being addicted to online games is harmful to/does harm to our physical and mental
health.Therefore，there is no harm (in) getting rid of it.
2．我们将举办各种各样的课外活动，从英语角到文学俱乐部，我们学生可以从中获得不同
的体验。
A variety of/Varieties of after-class activities will be held，varying from the English corner to the
literature club，from which we students can get various experiences.
3．生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。(读后续写之主旨升华)
Life isn’t about how to survive the storm；it’s about learning to dance in the rain.
4．我写这封信是为了申请学校为促进中英文化交流而正在组织的中式工坊活动。
(2023·天津，申请信)
I am writing to apply for the Chinese workshop activity that is being organized by the school as
part of promoting cultural exchange between China and the UK.
5．我和妻子试图用胡椒喷雾来保护自己不受北极熊的袭击。(2020·浙江7月，读后续写)
My wife and I attempted to use pepper spray to defend ourselves from/against being attacked by
the polar bear.
6．多亏了您的慷慨帮助，我的英语水平提高了很多。因此，我确实从心底感激您的帮助。
(应用文写作之感谢信)
Thanks to your generous help，my English has improved a lot. As a consequence/Consequently ， I
do appreciate your help from the bottom of my heart.
7．最后，我崩溃了，我用双手捂着脸，痛苦地哭泣着。(读后续写之情感描写)
Finally I broke down，weeping bitterly with my face covered in my hands.8．我的心开始狂跳，因为这是我第一次想到要帮助一个陌生人。(读后续写之心理描写)
My heart began to race as this was the first time that I had come up with the idea to help a stranger.
9．我们投入的时间和精力是其他同学的两倍，所以我深信老师们会高度评价我们的项目。
(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)
We devoted twice as much time and energy as other students did，so I was greatly convinced that
our project would be highly thought of by our teachers.
10．尽管我们不能预测未来会发生什么，但我们可以用决心和爱指引自己。(读后续写之升
华句)
While we can ’ t predict what will happen in the future ， we can guide ourselves with
determination and love.
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共8分)
1．ecosystem n ．生态系统
2．biodiversity n ．生物多样性
3．overseas adj . 海外的，国外的 ad v . 在海外，向国外
4．mammal n ．哺乳动物
5．nutrient n ．营养素，营养物
6．microorganism n ．微生物
7．brochure n ．小册子
8．greenhouse n ．温室，暖房
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1.5分，共18分)
1．region n．地区，区域；行政区
2．continent n．大陆，陆地，洲
3．species n．(pl.species)种，物种
4．wildlife n．野生动植物，野生生物
5．impact n．影响，作用；撞击，冲撞vi.& vt.有影响；冲击
6．damage vt.& n．损害，伤害；损坏，破坏
7．profit n．利润，收益；好处vi.& vt.获益，得到好处
8．track vt.& vi.跟踪，追踪 n．足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线
9．medal n．奖章，勋章
10．strategy n．策略，行动计划；策划，部署
11．former adj.昔日的，前任的；以前的，从前的
12．poverty n．贫穷，贫困；贫乏Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题1.5分，共12分)
1．harm n．& vt.伤害，损害→harmful adj.有害的→harmless adj.无害的
2．length n．长，长度；时间的长短；篇幅，(电影)片长→long adj.长的→lengthen v．加长
3．agriculture n．农业，农学→agricultural adj.农业的；农艺的
4．global adj.全球的；全面的→globe n．球体；地球
5．economic adj.经济的，经济上的；可赚钱的→economical adj.节约的；经济的→economy
n．经济→economist n．经济学家→economics n．经济学
6．poison vt.污染；毒死，毒害 n．毒物，毒药→poisonous adj.有毒的
7．chemical n．化学制品 adj.化学的；化学作用的→chemistry n．化学→chemist n．化学
家
8．organization n．组织，团体；组织工作；安排；条理→organize vt.组织→organizer n．
组织者→organized adj.有组织的
Ⅳ.核心短语(每小题2分，共12分)
1．breathe life into 给 …… 带来起色，注入活力
2．get rid of 摆脱，丢弃，扔掉
3．give rise to 使发生 ( 或存在 ) ；引起
4．in length 在长度上
5．sign up 报名
6．in defence of 保护；为……做解释或辩护
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共14分)
1．He was the only survivor of the plane crash，and he described to us the process of
surviving/survival.(survive)
2．She had applied for a job in this company.Unfortunately，her application was rejected.
(apply)
3．There are various goods in the supermarket，and the prices vary from cents to dollars.The
variety attracts many customers.(vary)
4．Many animals have disappeared during the long history of the earth and their disappearance
affected the balance of ecosystem.(disappear)
5．Clone can be used to breed animal species which are endangered or extinct，and as a
consequence，we needn’t be worried about animals’ extinction.(extinct)
6．In time of war，lots of money will be spent on defenc(s)e and many measures will be taken to
defend a country from being attacked.(defend)
7．Devoted to teaching，consequently，he earned his students’ trust，which led to other
positive consequences.(consequence)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2分，共12分)1．He broke down at the news，tears pouring down his cheeks.
2．The bus driver asked the passengers to get on the bus in turn.
3．Tom is the only one of the engineers who has come up with the solution so far.
4．While Daniel was walking on the pavement，a good idea sprang to his mind.
5．A cross-country running race was held with the aim of helping us build up strength.
6．To improve students’ health，we call for less homework and more physical exercises.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共9分)
1．我非常高兴收到你的来信，你在信中询问了我们学校的课外活动。(“介词＋which”引
导定语从句)(应用文写作之告知信)
I’m more than delighted to receive your letter in which you asked about the after-class activities
in our school.
2．虽然您已经一年多不教我们英语了，但是一想到和您在一起的那些快乐时光，我就很想
念您。(while引导让步状语从句)
While it has been more than a year since you taught us English，I’ve missed you a lot，thinking
about those happy moments when we stayed with you.
3．而且，即使车少，伦敦市中心的商店也没因此而生意受损。(even though引导让步状语从
句)
What’s more，central London shops did not lose business even though there were fewer cars.
Ⅳ.语法填空 文中加黑词汇为本单元词汇(每小题1.5分，共15分)
Tom joined an environmental protection 1.organization(organize) as a volunteer.Soon he was
sent to work.After arriving at the continent，he started to study 2.various(vary) wildlife in some
regions.He learned that 3.masses(mass) of species had lived there before，but later many
disappeared.
Two factors led to the results.One was bad climate.4.The other was human beings.It was
human activities 5.that damaged the habitats of some animals.Besides ， some farmers
6.poisoned(poison) many animals while using chemicals.Some even tracked and killed animals
to make a profit.7.In defence of the animals close to extinction，Tom determined to do
something to prevent them 8.harming(harm) the animals.He gave out some brochures among the
residents.Slowly，they realized what they did was wrong and had a bad impact on animals.In
turn，they themselves also suffered a lot.In addition，9.to help(help) local people get rid of
poverty，he came up with some strategies.10.Consequently(consequent)，he earned all the
residents’ respect.
break downA.分解 B.身体等垮掉 C.谈判等失败 D.情感等失控 E.打破，
消除
F.机器等出故障，抛锚
1．Really，the truck my dad drove often broke down on the way，which made my dad in
trouble.
(2021·浙江6月，读后续写) F
2．He broke down and wept when he heard the news. D
3．History has the potential to break down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire
worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us.(2020·天津5月，书面表达) E
4．Talks between the two sides had broken down，which made us disappointed. C
5．Her health broke down under the pressure of work. B
6．Chemicals in the body break down our food into useful substances. A
1．It functions as the hoverboard’s brain.It processes data—your speed，tilt，etc.—and sends
information to the motors. v . 加工
2．Head Chef David Thompson...opened this branch in the Metropolitan Hotel in 2010.
(2023·全国甲) n . 分店
假定你是李华，你校将以“保护我们的家园——地球”为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请
你写一篇短文投稿。
完成句子
1．众所周知，众多的人类活动对我们的家园——地球造成了巨大的危害。(harm，it作形式
主语)
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2．由于温室气体排放量的增加，地球的温度变得越来越高。(consequence)
________________________________________________________________________
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3．更糟糕的是，由于气候变化和人类活动，一些物种正面临着灭绝的危险。(extinction，
due to)
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________________________________________________________________________4．所有这些反过来会对我们人类造成巨大的危害，如越来越多的自然灾害和罕见的疾病。
(in turn，damage)
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5．是时候采取各种方法来保护地球免受污染了。[various，It’s (high) time that...]
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6．请牢记，重建我们绿色、清洁的地球需要我们每个人的努力和贡献。(call for，keep in
mind that...)
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组句成篇 把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
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参考范文
It is well known that a great many human activities have done great harm to our home—
the earth.
The temperature of the earth is becoming higher and higher as a consequence of the
increasing emission of greenhouse gases.To make matters worse/What’s worse，some species are
in danger of extinction due to climate change as well as human activities.All of these in turn
will do/cause damage to us human beings，such as more and more natural disasters and rare
diseases.
It’s (high) time that we took/should take various methods to protect the earth from
pollution.All in all ， keep in mind that rebuilding our green and clean earth calls for
everyone’s efforts and contributions.
教材语料整合
[动作描写] defence (AmE defense) n．辩护；防御，保护；防御物；国
防；防守→defend vt.保护；防御；辩白
survive vi.生存，存活 vt.幸存，幸免于难 come up with想出，想到 call
for(公开)要求；需要
亮词
spring to mind突然记起(或想到)
[环境描写] hardwood n．阔叶树；硬材(阔叶树的木材) jaguar n．美洲
豹，美洲虎 track n．足迹，踪迹；小道；轨道；跑道；路线
consequence n．结果，后果；重要性1.At the bottom，there is a system of roots beneath the ground.(环境描写)
2.Above that is the mass of leaf litter on the dark forest floor.(环境描写)
3.The next level is made up of shorter plants with large leaves.Then there are the
towering ancient hardwoods，and finally the tops of the tallest trees many
metres above the ground.(环境描写)
4.Each level of the forest forms its own little world，home to different kinds of
living things.(环境描写)
5.The Amazon rainforest breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and
美句 producing over 20 per cent of all the Earth’s oxygen.(环境描写)
6.When I first moved here，the air was fresh，the grass green and the water
clear.(环境描写)
7.The smog in the air has coloured the sky a smoky grey; it’s also given me a
cough that I can’t get rid of.(环境描写)
8.It’s our duty to protect the environment while we aim for economic
development.It’s our duty to leave a better，cleaner and healthier planet to our
children.It’s our duty to build a human community with a shared future.(排比
句式)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：同情与怜悯
1.sympathy n．同情→sympathetic adj.同情的
2.pity n．同情，怜悯；仁慈 v．同情→pitiful adj.可怜的；充满同情或怜悯
的
3.mercy n．宽容；怜悯→merciful adj.仁慈的，宽恕的→mercifully adv.幸
单词 运地；宽大地；仁慈地
4.supportive adj.支持的，拥护的 5.helpful adj.给予帮助的；有帮助的
6.gentle adj.温和的；轻柔的→gently adv.温柔地；轻轻地
7.sweet adj.温柔的，善良的
8.warm-hearted adj.热心的，富有同情心的，慈爱的
1.take pity on sb/have mercy on sb怜悯某人
2.feel pity/mercy/sorry for同情
3.express sympathy表示同情
4.out of sympathy/pity出于同情
词块
5.a surge of mercy sweeps over sb怜悯之情涌上某人心头
6.a wave of sympathy wells up in one’s heart某人心中涌起了一股同情之情
7.lend a helping hand伸出援助之手，助一臂之力
8.look at the tiny creature with a sweet smile带着甜蜜的微笑看着这个小家伙9.pat the little boy gently轻轻地拍了拍小男孩
10.be torn by sorrow and compassion承受悲伤和同情的折磨
11.his heart aches for the injured dog他为受伤的狗而心痛
12.a random act of kindness不经意的善举
1.His painful eyes seem to beg me for my sympathy，making me feel a surge of
mercy sweeping over me.
他那双痛苦的眼睛似乎在乞求我的同情，让我感到怜悯之情涌上心头。
2.Seeing her condition，I immediately felt a huge sympathy for her，which
was coming deep from within my heart.看到她的情况，我立刻对她产生了巨
大的同情，这种同情来自我的内心深处。
3.Approaching the poor boy，she gathered him into her arms in sympathy.
她走近那个可怜的男孩，同情地把他抱在怀里。
句型 4.At the sight of the scene，he felt a wave of sympathy welled up in his
heart，his heart aching for the injured dog.看到这一幕，他心中涌起了一股
同情之情，他为受伤的狗而心痛。(独立主格)
5.Franklin stood silently，torn by sorrow and compassion，weighing what to
say.
富兰克林默默地站着，承受着悲伤和同情的折磨，考虑着该说些什么。
6.It dawned on me that a random act of kindness can make such a great
difference.
我突然意识到，一个不经意的善举就可以产生如此大的影响。(主旨升华)
语料运用 动物保护
(2023·浙江1月，读后续写改编)I was invited to an old friend’s farm.When I walked past a
milking house，a hummingbird(蜂鸟) ①desperately trying to escape from(现在分词短语作定语)
spider-webs caught my attention.She looked at me into my eyes and her painful eyes seemed to
②beg me for my sympathy.Seeing her condition，I immediately felt ③a wave of sympathy
welled up in my heart(无灵主语)．I gently helped her get out of the web，④putting her into my
hand(现在分词短语作状语)．When I opened my hand，the bird made no attempt to fly away，
but just sat in my hand looking at me with her bright eyes.I ⑤patted her gently in
sympathy.Gradually，she regained her strength and ⑥flew in front of me.For a very long
moment，this tiny creature looked into my eyes and turned her head from side to side，⑦as if
expressing her gratitude to me(状语从句的省略)．Just at the moment，⑧it dawned on me that a
random act of kindness can make a great difference.
我被邀请去一个老朋友的农场。当我走过一个挤奶房时，一只拼命想从蜘蛛网中逃脱的
蜂鸟引起了我的注意。她看着我的眼睛，她那双痛苦的眼睛似乎在乞求我的同情。看到她的
情况，我立刻感到怜悯之情涌上心头。我轻轻地帮助她从网里面出来，把她放在我的手中。当我张开手时，那只鸟并没有想飞走，只是坐在我的手里，用她那明亮的眼睛看着我。我同
情地轻轻拍了拍她。渐渐地，她恢复了体力，飞到我的面前。很长一段时间，这个小家伙看
着我的眼睛，把头从一边转到另一边，好像在向我表达她的感激。就在那一刻，我突然意识
到，一个不经意的善举就可以产生很大的影响。
高考题型组合练(1)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2021·新课标Ⅰ，C)
When the explorers first set foot upon the continent of North America，the skies and lands
were alive with an astonishing variety of wildlife.Native Americans had taken care of these
precious natural resources wisely.Unfortunately ， it took the explorers and the settlers who
followed only a few decades to decimate a large part of these resources.Millions of waterfowl(水
禽 ) were killed at the hands of market hunters and a handful of overly ambitious
sportsmen.Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and house the ever-increasing
populations，greatly reducing waterfowl habitat(栖息地)．
In 1934，with the passage of the Migratory Bird Hunting Stamp Act(Act)，an increasingly
concerned nation took firm action to stop the destruction of migratory(迁徙的) waterfowl and the
wetlands so vital to their survival.Under this Act，all waterfowl hunters 16 years of age and over
must annually purchase and carry a Federal Duck Stamp.The very first Federal Duck Stamp was
designed by J．N.“Ding” Darling，a political cartoonist from Des Moines，Lowa，who at
that time was appointed by President Franklin Roosevelt as Director of the Bureau of Biological
Survey.Hunters willingly pay the stamp price to ensure the survival of our natural resources.
About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly into the Migratory Bird Conservation
Fund to purchase wetlands and wildlife habitat for inclusion into the National Wildlife Refuge
System—a fact that ensures this land will be protected and available for all generations to
come.Since 1934，better than half a billion dollars has gone into that Fund to purchase more than 5
million acres of habitat.Little wonder the Federal Duck Stamp Program has been called one of the
most successful conservation programs ever initiated.
1．What was a cause of the waterfowl population decline in North America?
A．Loss of wetlands.
B．Popularity of water sports.
C．Pollution of rivers.
D．Arrival of other wild animals.答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Millions of acres of wetlands were dried to feed and
house the ever-increasing populations，greatly reducing waterfowl habitat(栖息地)．”可知，湿
地丧失是水禽数量减少的原因之一，故选A。
2．What does the underlined word “decimate” mean in the first paragraph?
A．Acquire. B．Export.
C．Destroy. D．Distribute.
答案 C
解析 词义猜测题。根据语境可知，画线词所在句与上文形成转折，上文讲到了探险者抵达
北美洲时，这片大陆上充满了各种各样的野生物种，整个大陆生机勃勃。美洲土著居民明智
地照顾着这些宝贵的自然资源，因此画线词所在句应讲述这些资源受到的破坏——探险者
及随之而来的殖民者只用了几十年就将大部分资源破坏，故画线词与C项的意义最接近。
故选C。
3．What is a direct result of the Act passed in 1934?
A．The stamp price has gone down.
B．The migratory birds have flown away.
C．The hunters have stopped hunting.
D．The government has collected money.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“About 98 cents of every duck stamp dollar goes directly
into the Migratory Bird Conservation Fund...Since 1934，better than half a billion dollars has gone
into that Fund”可知，《候鸟狩猎印花税法案》带来的一个直接结果是政府筹到了钱，故选
D。
4．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．The Federal Duck Stamp Story
B．The National Wildlife Refuge System
C．The Benefits of Saving Waterfowl
D．The History of Migratory Bird Hunting
答案 A
解析 标题归纳题。阅读文章内容可知，本文主要讲述了《候鸟狩猎印花税法案》出台的背
景、联邦鸭票的设计、用途及其作用和影响，故选A。
B
(2023·全国甲，D)
Grizzly bears，which may grow to about 2.5m long and weigh over 400kg，occupy a
conflicted corner of the American psyche—we revere(敬畏) them even as they give us frighteningdreams.Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they
most hope to see，and their answer is often the same：a grizzly bear.
“Grizzly bears are re-occupying large areas of their former range，” says bear biologist
Chris Servheen.As grizzly bears expand their range into places where they haven’t been seen in a
century or more，they’re increasingly being sighted by humans.
The Western half of the US was full of grizzlies when Europeans came，with a rough number
of 50,000 or more living alongside Native Americans.By the early 1970s，after centuries of cruel
and continuous hunting by settlers,600 to 800 grizzlies remained on a mere 2 percent of their
former range in the Northern Rockies.In 1975，grizzlies were listed under the Endangered Species
Act.
Today，there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the US.Their recovery has been so
successful that the US Fish and Wildlife Service has twice attempted to de-list grizzlies，which
would loosen legal protections and allow them to be hunted.Both efforts were overturned due to
lawsuits from conservation groups.For now，grizzlies remain listed.
Obviously，if precautions(预防) aren’t taken，grizzlies can become troublesome，
sometimes killing farm animals or walking through yards in search of food.If people remove food
and attractants from their yards and campsites ， grizzlies will typically pass by without
trouble.Putting electric fencing around chicken houses and other farm animal quarters is also highly
effective at getting grizzlies away.“Our hope is to have a clean，attractant-free place where bears
can pass through without learning bad habits，” says James Jonkel，longtime biologist who
manages bears in and around Missoula.
语篇解读 本文是说明文，讲述了美国灰熊从濒危状态恢复到 2 000多头的种群规模，但这
也带来了一些问题。
5．How do Americans look at grizzlies?
A．They cause mixed feelings in people.
B．They should be kept in national parks.
C．They are of high scientific value.
D．They are a symbol of American culture.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中“Grizzly bears...occupy a conflicted corner of the American
psyche—we revere(敬畏) them even as they give us frightening dreams.”可知，美国人对灰熊既
害怕又敬畏，他们的情感是复杂的。故选A。
6．What has helped the increase of the grizzly population?
A．The European settlers’ behavior.
B．The expansion of bears’ range.C．The protection by law since 1975.
D．The support of Native Americans.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段中“In 1975，grizzlies were listed under the Endangered
Species Act.”以及第四段中“Today，there are about 2,000 or more grizzly bears in the US.”可
推知，由于1975年起受法律保护，灰熊的数量有了增长。故选C。
7．What has stopped the US Fish and Wildlife Service from de-listing grizzlies?
A．The opposition of conservation groups.
B．The successful comeback of grizzlies.
C．The voice of the biologists.
D．The local farmers’ advocates.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中“Both efforts were overturned due to lawsuits from
conservation groups.For now，grizzlies remain listed.”可知，是动物保护组织的反对阻止了美
国鱼类和野生动物管理局将灰熊从濒危物种名单上除名。故选A。
8．What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A．Food should be provided for grizzlies.
B．People can live in harmony with grizzlies.
C．A special path should be built for grizzlies.
D．Technology can be introduced to protect grizzlies.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中“If people remove food and attractants...effective at
getting grizzlies away.”可推知，如果采取一些预防措施，人和灰熊可以和谐相处。故选B。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2023·全国乙)
Indoor plants might look as if they just sit around not doing much，but in many ways they are
the unsung heroes of the home. 1 ，but studies have shown that they can promote people’s
well-being by improving their mood(心情)，reducing stress and helping their memory.What’s
more，indoor plants are easy to look after and are not very expensive.
What are indoor plants?
Indoor plants，also known as houseplants or pot plants，are plants that like to grow
indoors.Many of these species(物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the UK，
especially in the winter. 2 .
Why are indoor plants good for you?
Will Spoelstra，who works at the Royal Botanic Gardens，says，“ 3 .I find during the
winter months，plants around the house can really lift your mood.” Several studies have backedthis up and found that indoor plants can improve creativity，focus and memory.There is also
research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them by removing harmful gases，such
as carbon dioxide.They also remove some harmful chemicals from paints or cooking. 4 .
Which plants can you grow?
Aloe vera，peace lilies and spider plants are some of the species that are easy to grow
indoors.You can buy plants from supermarkets，garden centres or online.Younger plants are often
cheaper than fully grown ones，and you get to care for them as they mature—which is part of the
joy of owning plants.“ 5 ，” Spoelstra says.“It can bring a new interest and focus into
people’s lives and help to make the link between home and nature.”
A．All plants are different
B．Not only do they look beautiful
C．There are many benefits to growing plants indoors
D．Instead，they grow better inside，where it is warmer
E．Plants like peace lilies and devil’s ivy are among the best
F．Changing the pot of your plant from time to time will also help
G．Learning about the requirements of each plant can be very rewarding
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了什么是室内植物、室内植物带来的好处及你能种
植哪些室内植物。
1．答案 B
解析 根据下文“but studies have shown that they can promote people’s well-being by
improving their mood(心情)，reducing stress and helping their memory”可知，此处与下文是
递进关系，构成not only...but (also)．..“不仅……而且……”结构。由此可知，B项(它们不仅
看起来很漂亮)能够衔接下文，符合语境。故选B。
2．答案 D
解析 根据上文“Many of these species(物种) are not ideally suited to growing outside in the
UK，especially in the winter.”可知，有些植物不适合在户外寒冷的环境中生长，即适合在温
暖的地方生长。由此可知，D项(相反，它们在温暖的室内生长得更好)能够承接上文，符合
语境。故选D。
3．答案 C
解析 根据下文“I find during the winter months，plants around the house can really lift your
mood.”可知，室内植物对人有好处。由此可知，C项(在室内种植植物有很多好处)能够衔
接下文，符合语境。故选C。
4．答案 E
解析 根据上文“There is also research showing that pot plants can clean the air around them byremoving harmful gases，such as carbon dioxide.They also remove some harmful chemicals from
paints or cooking.”可知，盆栽植物能够清除有害物质。由此可知，E项(像睡莲和绿萝之类
的植物是最好的)能够承接上文，列举了在这方面做得最好的植物，符合语境。故选E。
5．答案 G
解析 根据下文“It can bring a new interest and focus into people’s lives and help to make the
link between home and nature.”可知，空处应是提到了一种有好处的做法，G项(了解每种植
物的需求是非常有益的)能够引起下文提到的好处，符合语境。故选G。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Jim Quick grew up on a farm in Orchard Hill，Georgia.There he learned how 1 bees are
to the food we eat.When he was 11，his grandfather asked him to start a beehive to keep the 2
growing strong.
“Forty-two years later，and I’m still 3 ，” Quick said in a recent interview.Before
his retirement，the master beekeeper taught entomology(the study of insects) at the University of
Georgia in Athens.
Quick is still learning about bees on the farm where he grew up.But he is worried：The bee
4 is in danger.Nearly 40% of beehives in the United States were 5 in 2021 alone.This 6
Quick and other scientists because bees are essential to food 7 .They pollinate(授粉) flowering
crops and plants, 8 the production of seeds and fruits.
The declining bee population can be 9 by several factors，including parasites(寄生物)
that kill or weaken the hives.Habitat loss, 10 ， and climate change are also to
blame.Pesticides get into the nectar(花蜜) of plants，which is essential to a bee’s 11
.Poisonous substances in the nectar harm the bees’ memory.
Scientists are searching for 12 to help the bee population.But Quick already has a(n)
13 .“Set up a beehive at school，” he said，“and learn more about pollinators.” Kids
aren’t too young to 14 .After all，just at the age of 11 Quick 15 his first beehive.“We
could grow more bees，” he said，“if we had more people to do it.”
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了蜜蜂对我们的食物至关重要，但是蜜蜂种群正
处于危险之中，Quick和其他科学家正在寻找帮助蜜蜂繁殖的办法。
1．A.vital B．friendly
C．addicted D．sensitive
答案 A
解析 由下文“because bees are essential to food”可知，蜜蜂对我们的食物至关重要。故选
A。
2．A.bees B．bushes
C．crops D．roots答案 C
解析 由上文“There he learned how bees are to the food we eat.”和下文“because
bees are essential to food”可知，蜜蜂对我们的食物至关重要，由此可推断出，建一个蜂箱
是用来维持庄稼的生长。故选C。
3．A.trying B．working
C．learning D．teaching
答案 C
解析 由下文“Quick is still learning about bees on the farm where he grew up.”可知，Quick
仍然在了解。故选C。
4．A.growth B．migration
C．diversity D．population
答案 D
解析 由下文“The declining bee population”可知，蜜蜂数量正处于危险之中。故选D。
5．A.lost B．moved
C．collected D．discovered
答案 A
解析 由上文“The bee is in danger.”可知，蜜蜂数量正处于危险之中，由此可
知，此处指仅在2021年美国就有近40%的蜂箱不复存在了。故选A。
6．A.disappoints B．concerns
C．shocks D．challenges
答案 B
解析 由上文“Nearly 40% of beehives in the United States were in 2021 alone.”可
知，仅在2021年，美国就有近40%的蜂箱不复存在了，这使Quick和其他科学家很担忧。
故选B。
7．A.safety B．storage
C．flavor D．production
答案 D
解析 由下文“They pollinate(授粉) flowering crops and plants, the production of
seeds and fruits.”可知，蜜蜂对食物生产至关重要。故选D。
8．A.relying on B．resulting in
C．speeding up D．controlling over
答案 B
解析 由上文“They pollinate(授粉) flowering crops and plants”和下文“the production of
seeds and fruits”可知，蜜蜂为开花的作物和植物授粉，从而产生种子和果实。故选B。
9．A.caused B．identifiedC．worsened D．limited
答案 A
解析 由下文“by several factors”可知，蜜蜂数量的减少可能由几个因素造成。故选A。
10．A.enemies B．disasters
C．diseases D．chemicals
答案 D
解析 由下文“Pesticides”可知，化学物质也是导致蜜蜂数量减少的原因之一。故选D。
11．A.size B．life
C．diet D．memory
答案 C
解析 由上文“Pesticides get into the nectar(花蜜) of plants，which is essential to a bee’s”可
知，蜜蜂吃花蜜，所以当农药进入植物的花蜜中，会对蜜蜂的饮食造成危害。故选C。
12．A.clues B．solutions
C．volunteers D．donations
答案 B
解析 由下文“to help the bee population”可知，科学家们正在寻找帮助蜜蜂繁殖的办法。
故选B。
13．A.job B．idea
C．choice D．schedule
答案 B
解析 由下文“‘Set up a beehive at school，’ he said，‘and learn more about
pollinators.’”可知，Quick已经有了一个想法——在学校里建一个蜂箱，让学生学习更多
关于授粉者的知识。故选B。
14．A.help B．remember
C．decide D．communicate
答案 A
解析 由上文“‘Set up a beehive at school，’ he said，‘and learn more about
pollinators.’”可知，在学校里建一个蜂箱，让学生学习更多关于授粉者的知识，这能让孩
子们对蜜蜂的繁殖有所帮助。故选A。
15．A.decorated B．designed
C．started D．bought
答案 C
解析 由第一段中“When he was 11，his grandfather asked him to start a beehive...”可知，
Quick仅在11岁就开始做了他的第一个蜂箱。故选C。
Ⅳ.语法填空(2022·新课标Ⅰ)
The Chinese government recently finalized a plan to set up a Giant Panda National
Park(GPNP).1. (cover) an area about three times 2. size of
Yellowstone National Park，the GPNP will be one of the first national parks in the country.The
plan will extend protection to a significant number of areas that 3. (be) previously
unprotected，bringing many of the existing protected areas for giant pandas under one authority 4.
(increase) effectiveness and reduce inconsistencies in management.
After a three-year pilot period，the GPNP will be officially set up next year.The GPNP 5.
(design) to reflect the guiding principle of “protecting the authenticity and integrity(完整性) of
natural ecosystems ，preserving biological diversity ，protecting ecological buffer zones,6.
leaving behind precious natural assets(资产) for future generations”．The GPNP’s main goal is
to improve connectivity between separate 7. (population) and homes of giant
pandas，and 8. (eventual) achieve a desired level of population in the wild.
Giant pandas also serve 9. an umbrella species(物种)，bringing protection to a
host of plants and animals in the southwestern and northwestern parts of China.The GPNP is
intended to provide stronger protection for all the species 10. live within the Giant
Panda Range and significantly improve the health of the ecosystem in the area.
1．答案 Covering
解析 考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中作非谓语，cover和句子的主语the GPNP为逻辑上的
主谓关系，应用现在分词形式作状语，此空位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Covering。
2．答案 the
解析 考查冠词。“倍数＋the＋名词＋of”是倍数的一种表达方式。故填the。
3．答案 were
解析 考查时态和主谓一致。空前that指代先行词areas，作主语，根据previously可知时态
是一般过去时，根据主谓一致原则，从句主语是复数，从句谓语应用复数形式。故填
were。
4．答案 to increase
解析 考查非谓语动词。设空处在句中作目的状语，应用动词的不定式形式。故填 to
increase。
5．答案 is designed
解析 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。设空处在句中作谓语，和句子的主语The GPNP之间为
被动关系；叙述客观事实，应用一般现在时。故设空处应为一般现在时的被动语态；主语是
单数，谓语应用单数形式。故填is designed。
6．答案 and
解析 考查连词。分析句子可知，“protecting”“preserving”“protecting”和“leavingbehind”是现在分词并列作of的宾语，因此用and连接。故填and。
7．答案 populations
解析 考查名词复数。设空处和and后的复数名词homes并列在句中作宾语，应用可数名词
population(种群)的复数形式。故填populations。
8．答案 eventually
解析 考查副词。应用副词作状语修饰动词achieve。故填eventually。
9．答案 as
解析 考查介词。serve as“担任，充当”，是固定短语。故填as。
10．答案 that
解析 考查定语从句。空格处引导定语从句，先行词species在从句中作主语，且前面有all
修饰，只能用关系代词that引导。故填that。
Ⅴ.应用文微写作
长江江豚(the Yangtze finless porpoise)是中国特有的物种，有极高的研究价值。近年来，
受人类活动影响而濒临灭绝，其数量仅剩1 000－1 800只。假设你是李华，请用英文给世界
自然基金会(WWF)写一封信，请他们关注这一情况。内容如下：
1．简述江豚现状；
2．列举保护措施；
3．表示感谢并期待回复。
范文补全
Dear Sir or Madam，
I’m a student from China.I am writing to ask you to pay attention to the situation of the
Yangtze finless porpoise.
As we all know，this endangered species is native to China,1.which is of great value to
biodiversity(它们对生物多样性极有价值)．Nevertheless，in recent years，the number of them
has dropped sharply to only 1,000 to 1,800.2.We sincerely hope that more measures can be taken to
protect them from dying out(我们真诚地希望可以采取更多措施来保护它们以免灭绝)．The
top priority is to establish more organizations specialized in protecting them.Additionally,3.it would
be better if professional experts could offer us some practical advice(如果有专业的专家给我们提
供一些实用的建议就更好了)．Moreover，more sponsorship is needed to offer a livable
habitat.4. Challenging as the task is ， we are bound to succeed eventually (尽管这个任务很具挑战
性，我们最终一定会成功)．
I would appreciate it if you could keep an eye on this issue.Looking forward to your reply.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua高考题型组合练(2)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·湖南常德期末)
Look up how to increase your life expectancy(预期寿命)，and you will probably see plenty
of results recommending that you have a healthy diet，get sufficient sleep，work out and cut out
tobacco and too much alcohol consumption.But what many of us don’t know is that our
relationships also affect our life expectancy.Social integration is associated with greater life
satisfaction，better health and increased life expectancy.People with wide social networks are more
likely to be happy，experience fewer health issues，enjoy better mental health and to live a lot
longer.
Now this doesn’t mean that we should dive head first into a relationship whenever we’re
lonely in order to avoid dying young.Harmful relationships can be as isolating as being alone，so
who we choose to break bread with is absolutely vital to our overall health.
Have you ever wondered why some people are single and happy，while others are drowning
in suffering? Or why some married couples exist in a consistent state of bliss，while others are
practically enemies?
Research shows that marriage has greater benefits for men than it does for women.Being
coupled allows men to receive the essential emotional support that they would lack if they were
single.They also get the added benefit of being physically taken care of thanks to the gender roles
society still subscribes to.
Women，on the other hand，don’t have as much luck when it comes to being coupled.A
woman in a harmful relationship is likely to experience the mental ，emotional and physical
consequences that come with that.On the contrary，a woman in a healthy relationship is likely to
live well.Research shows that the women who are happily married tend to be coupled with partners
who take on their fair share of household responsibilities.
But that’s not all ， age gaps also need to be factored in to determine relationship
satisfaction.Couples with wider age gaps are more likely to be harmonious compared to their peers.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讨论了人际关系如何影响人的寿命，作者举例说明
了婚姻关系对男女的不同影响。
1．What does the writer intend to emphasize in paragraph 1?
A．Some health problems.
B．Ways to increase life expectancy.
C．The effect of sleep on people’s health.D．The importance of human relationships.
答案 D
解析 段落大意题。根据第一段的“But what many of us don’t know...enjoy better mental
health and to live a lot longer.”可知，作者想在第一段强调人际关系的重要性。故选D。
2．What does the underlined word “bliss” mean in paragraph 3?
A．Happiness. B．Kindness.
C．Loneliness. D．Friendliness.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据第三段的“Have you ever wondered why some people are single and
happy，while others are drowning in suffering？”和“while others are practically enemies”可
知，画线词所在句子表示“或者为什么一些已婚夫妇一直生活在幸福的状态中，而另一些实
际上是敌人”，因此画线词bliss的意思是“快乐”，和happiness意思相近。故选A。
3．What can we learn from the research?
A．Marriage benefits men and women equally.
B．Women benefit more from marriage than men.
C．Men are better taken care of because of the gender roles.
D．Good relationship can effectively prevent people from dying lonely.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段可知，由于性别角色，男性得到了更好的照顾。故选C。
4．What would be probably discussed in the next paragraph of this passage?
A．The influence of a harmonious marriage.
B．Relationship satisfaction for older couples.
C．Gender differences in marriage satisfaction.
D．The benefits of wider age gaps in marriage.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Couples with wider age gaps are more likely to be
harmonious compared to their peers.”可知，下一段可能讨论婚姻中年龄差距大的好处。故选
D。
B
Reading is a complex and crucial skill that impacts the youth’s ability to perform as
students.Therefore ， it’s important to develop reading skills during childhood.A team of
researchers focused on the effect of whole-body learning in instruction，known as embodied
learning.
The research included 149 children，aged 5 to 6，who had just started school.They were
divided into three groups: one that stood up and used their whole bodies to shape letter sounds; a
seated group that shaped letter sounds with their hands and arms；and a control group that receivedtraditional，seated instruction during which they wrote letters by hand.
“Our research showed that children who used their whole bodies to shape the sounds of
letters became twice as proficient(熟练的) at letter sounds that are more difficult to learn as those
who received traditional instruction ， ” says PhD student Linn Damsgaard of UCPH’s
Department of Nutrition，Exercise and Sports.
With regard to difficult letter sounds，she adds，“There are many difficult letter sounds in
Danish.These sounds are particularly important because once children become proficient at them，
they will be better readers.”
Associate professor Jacob Wienecke，who led the study，explains，“The primary goal is to
learn more about which methods can be used to give beginner readers a good start.The idea is that
if，through play and movement，we can learn where their strengths truly lie，we’ll create a
form of learning that combines reading with play，and that’s truly positive.”
Previously，the researchers showed that the children felt more motivated by teaching methods
which included physical movement.Jacob Wienecke hopes this will provide an opportunity to
inspire teachers and school managers to prioritize movement across subjects.
The study also investigated whether a direct effect of embodied learning could be found on
children’s reading of individual words.This was not possible，which might be due to the fact that
the children were at such an early stage of their literacy development that they could not yet use
their knowledge of letter sounds to read words.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。全身学习，又称为体验式学习有助于培养孩子的阅读技能。文
章介绍了与之相关的研究过程和发现。
5．What were the participants required to do in the study?
A．To pick out difficult letter sounds in Danish.
B．To learn new letters through repeated writing.
C．To learn letter sounds using different approaches.
D．To memorize some letter sounds as soon as possible.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段可知，参与者在研究中被要求用不同的方法学习字母的读音。
故选C。
6．How can embodied learning get children actively involved?
A．By combining learning with games.
B．By offering them chances to cooperate.
C．By inspiring them to overcome difficulties.
D．By explaining instructions to them patiently.
答案 A解析 细节理解题。根据第五段中“The idea is that if，through play and movement...and
that’s truly positive.”和第六段中“Previously，the researchers showed that the children felt
more motivated by teaching methods which included physical movement.”可知，体验式学习通
过将学习与游戏相结合让孩子积极参与。故选A。
7．What does Jacob expect of the research finding?
A．Promoting harmonious teacher-student relationships.
B．Urging schools to pay attention to physical exercise.
C．Enabling researchers to carry out further studies.
D．Encouraging educators to apply it to teaching.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第六段中“Jacob Wienecke hopes this will provide an opportunity to
inspire teachers and school managers to prioritize movement across subjects.”可知，雅各布期望
此项研究发现可以鼓励教育工作者将其应用于教学。故选D。
8．What could be the best title for the text?
A．Whole-body Learning—a Good Start to Children’s Reading
B．Embodied Learning—a Booster for Children’s Reading Speed
C．Children’s Reading Skills Matter a Lot in Their Literacy Development
D．Children’s Literacy Development Depends on the Flexibility of Their Bodies
答案 A
解析 标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第一段可知，文章主要说明了全身学习，又称为体验式
学习有助于培养孩子的阅读技能，并介绍了与之相关的研究过程和发现。由此可知，A选项
“全身学习——儿童阅读的良好开端”最适合作文章标题。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
I came to Russia to study in the winter of 2021.My university is located in Moscow，the
capital of Russia，which is a city with a long history.
The second I stepped out of the airport，I immediately felt how cold it was outside. 1
When I saw the main building of Moscow State University，I was deeply shocked by its beautiful
architecture with its 270-year-long history.Sensing how small I was in front of this splendid
building，I felt the crystallization(结晶) of human wisdom resonate within me.
2 The snow and ice won’t melt until April of the following year.Just like the melting
snow，I gradually overcame the difficulties of studying abroad and came to adjust to my new
environment.
The first challenge was the language barrier.After learning Russian in China，I realized that
my skills were nowhere near enough.I was not fluent in Russian ， sometimes causing
misunderstandings. 3 In Russia，everyone intentionally stands on the right side when taking
the escalator(自动扶梯)，which takes time to get used to.The artistic atmosphere in Russia is very strong，however. 4 Tickets for concerts and
cultural events here are relatively cheap，making it easy to enrich my life on weekends.
In a nutshell，living abroad means overcoming all kinds of difficulties.The experience will
always leave a colorful shade in our lives.Just as the old saying in Chinese goes，“It is better to
travel ten thousand miles than to read ten thousand books.” 5
A．Take a look at the outside world while you are young!
B．Obviously，the freezing climate does not agree with me.
C．The cultural differences were also hard to deal with at first.
D．I can visit many of the attractions that I used to see in my textbooks.
E．And the buildings surrounding me looked so different from the ones in China.
F．Starting from early November each year，the snow season in Moscow is very long.
G．Thanks to the abundant activities I get to explore what I’ve learned in practical contexts.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者在俄罗斯的留学经历，感受着异国他乡的文
化与习俗。
1．答案 E
解析 根据后文的“When I saw the main building of Moscow State University，I was deeply
shocked by its beautiful architecture with its 270-year-long history.”可知，此处强调的是教学楼
建筑物深深地震撼了作者，故前文应该与之呼应。E选项“And the buildings surrounding me
looked so different from the ones in China.”中的the buildings与后文呼应。故选E。
2．答案 F
解析 根据后文的“The snow and ice won’t melt until April of the following year.”可知，前
文应该强调的是莫斯科的下雪季。F选项“Starting from early November each year，the snow
season in Moscow is very long.”引起下文，下文解释了莫斯科雪季的时间。故选F。
3．答案 C
解析 根据后文“In Russia，everyone intentionally stands on the right side when taking the
escalator(自动扶梯)，which takes time to get used to.”可知，此处强调的是中俄文化上的差异
需要作者花费时间来适应。C 选项“The cultural differences were also hard to deal with at
first.” 引起下文，强调了文化差异给作者带来的影响。故选C。
4．答案 D
解析 根据后文的“Tickets for concerts and cultural events here are relatively cheap，making it
easy to enrich my life on weekends.”可知，前文应该强调作者去参观景点，才能与此处的音
乐会和文化活动的门票相承接。D选项“I can visit many of the attractions that I used to see in
my textbooks.”中的attractions(景点)与下文景点的门票相对应，符合语境。故选D。
5．答案 A解析 根据前文“Just as the old saying in Chinese goes，‘It is better to travel ten thousand
miles than to read ten thousand books.’”可知，此处强调的是多出去看世界的好处和意义，
因此A选项“Take a look at the outside world while you are young！”与前文呼应。故选A。
Ⅲ.完形填空
I was in the middle of the Amazon with my wife.We did not speak the local language，did not
know the customs，and even did not entirely 1 the food.We could not have felt more 2 .
Then one perfect Amazonian evening，we played soccer. 3 darkness came over the field
and the match ended，the goalkeeper，Juan walked over to me and asked，“In your home，do
you have a moon too? ” I was surprised.After I 4 to Juan that yes I felt a sort of awe at the
5 that existed in his world，where the unknown and undiscovered was 6 and amazing.
In our society，we know that Earth has only one moon.I can，from my computer， 7
satellite images of Juan’s village.There are no more moons to search for，little 8 to
discover.Yet，as an ant biologist，I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown.How
9 are we? The question of what we know and do not know 10 bother me.
I began to 11 newspaper articles about new species，and on and on they 12 .In
looking into the 13 of biological discovery，I also began to find a collection of scientists，
who very often focused on common phenomena more to the point of exhaustion(筋疲力尽)，and
even at the risk of the 14 of their peers.
We used to think that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters.Yet，when something new
15 ，more often than not，we do not even know its name.
语篇解读 这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过作者和朋友的对话引出对科学研究的思考，人类
还有许多未知和未发现的事物，一切皆有可能，因此在科学研究中要大胆设想，积极探索。
1．A.produce B．recognize
C．attain D．prepare
答案 B
解析 根据前文“We did not speak the local language，did not know the customs”可推知，他
们甚至不能完全认出当地的食物。故选B。
2．A.conservative B．familiar
C．foreign D．natural
答案 C
解析 根据前文“We did not speak the local language，did not know the customs，and even did
not entirely the food.”可知，他们对那里很陌生。故选C。
3．A.As B．If
C．Once D．Although
答案 A解析 分析句意可知，本空与后文“darkness came over the field and the match ended”一起作
时间状语，表示“当……时候”。故选A。
4．A.announced B．committed
C．complained D．responded
答案 D
解析 根据语境和后文“that yes”可知，这是作者在回应Juan。故选D。
5．A.differences B．possibilities
C．definitions D．expressions
答案 B
解析 根据后文“where the unknown and undiscovered was and amazing”可知，
呼应unknown和undiscoveried，此处指在Juan的世界里的可能性。故选B。
6．A.suspicious B．similar
C．absurd D．vast
答案 D
解析 根据后文“Yet，as an ant biologist，I knew that much in the world of insects remains
unknown.”可知，世界上的未知和未被发现的事物的数量是巨大的。故选D。
7．A.take up B．pull up
C．pick up D．make up
答案 B
解析 根据前文“from my computer”及后文“satellite images of Juan’s village”可知，此
处指作者可以用电脑把某地的卫星图像调出来。故选B。
8．A.kept B．banned
C．left D．bounded
答案 C
解析 根据语境和前文“There are no more moons to search for”可知，有精确的卫星图像在，
并没有更多的月亮，也没有什么剩余的东西可以发现了。故选C。
9．A.accessible B．elegant
C．ignorant D．relevant
答案 C
解析 根据前文“I knew that much in the world of insects remains unknown”和后文“The
question of what we know and do not know bother me.”可知，对于整个未知世界，
我们是非常无知的。故选C。
10．A.instantly B．constantly
C．occasionally D．absolutely
答案 B解析 根据前文“The question of what we know and do not know...”以及后文作者不断地探索
研究可知，这个问题一直困扰着作者。故选B。
11．A.evaluate B．seize
C．polish D．collect
答案 D
解析 根据语境和后文“newspaper articles about new species”等内容可知，作者开始收集有
关新物种的报纸文章，对世界上的未知事物进行探索和研究。故选D。
12．A.appeared B．existed
C．formed D．quitted
答案 A
解析 根据后文“In looking into the of biological discovery”可知，此处指新物种
的出现。故选A。
13．A.fictions B．plots
C．stories D．moments
答案 C
解析 根据前文“I began to newspaper articles about new species，and on and on
they .”和后文“of biological discovery”可知，此处指生物学新发现的经历，即故
事。故选C。
14．A.tease B．envy
C．support D．admiration
答案 A
解析 根据前文“who very often focused on common phenomena more to the point of
exhaustion(筋疲力尽)”和“the risk”及后文“their peers”可以推知，这些科学家对常见的
现象全力以赴地进行研究，去探索并发现常人所不能发现的科学现象和科学规律，常人不能
理解，甚至会嘲笑这些貌似平常的科学研究。故选A。
15．A.updates B．settles
C．develops D．emerges
答案 D
解析 根据前文“We used to think that nothing lived deeper than six hundred meters.”及后文
“we do not even know its name”可知，人们原以为那里不存在生物，所以当新物种出现，
人们甚至不知道它的名字。故选D。
Ⅳ.语法填空
Ji Jiahe，from No.2 High School of East China Normal University，wants to help people
around him who are suffering from depression.His team project won first prize in the 2022 Brain
Challenge,1. is held by Brain Bee for young students ，and this year2._____________(be) the third year of the competition since 2020.
Ji’s project，aided by two other friends and team members Zou Ruoyao and Zhang Yutian，
has an interesting name called Le Bu Si Shu(“ 乐 不 思 鼠 ” ) ． They have focused
3._____________ innovating the tail suspension test(悬尾实验).4. (normal) in a tail
suspension test，rats with depression 5. (divide) into two groups，with only one
group injected(注入) with the new antidepressant whose efficacy is about to be tested.The two
groups of rats are hung by their 6. (tail)．Researchers observe how long each group
of rats struggles to free 7._____________(they)．His team also came up with the idea of using
computers to quantify 8._____________ calculate rats’ movements.Researchers can decide
whether each movement counts based on the numbers that the computer gives,9.
(use) the weighing scale(体重计) to capture every single movement of a rat.
In the future ， Ji wants to become a researcher.“I think the most fundamental way
10._____________(help) is developing medicines，so that’s the field I will be working on，”
Ji added.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了季家合和他的团队通过一个名为“乐不思鼠”的
实验，尝试研究帮助患有抑郁症的人的故事。
1．答案 which
解析 考查定语从句。此处引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 the 2022 Brain Challenge，
先行词在从句中作主语。故填which。
2．答案 has been/is
解析 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语since 2020可知，此处使用现在完成时，
主语this year为第三人称单数，谓语动词使用has been；或可以认为此句是对于客观事实的
陈述，用一般现在时，应填is。故填has been/is。
3．答案 on/upon
解析 考查介词。focus on/upon为固定短语，意为“专注于”。故填on/upon。
4．答案 Normally
解析 考查副词。空格处修饰整个句子，需用副词形式作状语；且位于句首，需大写首字母。
故填Normally。
5．答案 are divided
解析 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。空格处在句中作谓语动词，主语 rats是复数名词
且和divide之间是被动关系，此句陈述的是客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态。故填
are divided。
6．答案 tails
解析 考查名词的复数。根据空格前的their可知，空格处应填名词，tail为可数名词，应用复数形式。故填tails。
7．答案 themselves
解析 考查代词。空格处在句中作free的宾语，宾语和主语所指相同，故宾语用反身代词。
故填themselves。
8．答案 and
解析 考查连词。根据句意可知，quantify 和 calculate是并列关系，和前面的不定式符号
to构成了不定式作目的状语。故填and。
9．答案 using
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，counts为谓语动词，空格处应填非谓语动词作
伴随状语，Researchers和use之间为主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填using。
10．答案 to help
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，is为系动词，空格处应填非谓语动词作定语，
way后通常用不定式作定语。故填to help。
Ⅴ.读后续写微写作
My baby Reese started screaming and I struggled to hold him in my arms as we pushed our
way through the crowd to the side of the tae kwon do(跆拳道) studio，where I would send my boy
for the training.
I looked up，and that was when I saw the photo on a poster，a woman with a bright white
smile surrounded by her daughters.“OUR MOM NEEDS A KIDNEY(肾脏)，” it said above
the photo.“My name is Vonchelle Knight，and I have polycystic kidney disease，” it said
below.“I am a single mother of two girls and have been on the transplant wait list for eight
years.”
As I continued to read，I thought about how desperately this momma needed a kidney.And
then the idea struck me.I wanted to donate my kidney to the woman whom I had never met.
On the drive home，I told my husband I wanted to donate my kidney to a stranger.By the look
on his face，he clearly thought I had lost my mind.I was a busy mom of two boys working a full-
time job as a sales account manager.I had a calendar filled with sporting events，group fitness and
volunteer hours.
“Where is this coming from？” he asked.I was excited and slightly terrified as I explained
the poster.I told him I wanted to at least call Vonchelle’s nurse and get more information.
Several weeks later，the results were in.We were a perfect match! The nervous excitement
filled my body.Thoughts swirled in my head as I realized I had the ability to give this momma a
new lease on life.Vonchelle had already waited eight years and obviously didn’t have any family
members who could donate.
I told my husband that the doctor could do the transplant on January twenty-fifth.His eyes
filled with tears as he stared at me and nodded.Vonchelle’s daughter worked at my son’s taekwon do studio，so I shared the news with her.
One day before the donation，the doctors scheduled me to meet Vonchelle.
范文补全
As she walked through the door of the meeting room，I walked up to her，my heart
beating wildly.1.Her bright white smile was infectious(她灿烂的微笑很有感染力)，and I
couldn’t help but feel a sense of admiration at the woman before me.Here was the person who had
been waiting eight long years for a kidney，and now because of my decision to donate，she had a
chance at a new life.2. We hugged tightly ， tears streaming down both our faces (我们紧紧地拥抱
在一起，眼泪从我们的脸上流了下来) as we exchanged words of gratitude and hope.In that
moment,3.I knew I had made the right decision(我知道我做了正确的决定)，and that the bond
between us would be unbreakable.
After the successful transplant ， Vonchelle was recovering well.I visited her in the
hospital,4.watching as she slowly regained her strength and vitality(看着她慢慢地恢复力量和活
力)．Her daughters were by her side，holding her hand and smiling through their tears.5.As I
looked at them ， I felt a sense of fulfillment that I had never experienced before (当我看着她们的
时候，我感受到一种之前从未有过的满足感)．In giving Vonchelle the gift of life，I had also
given myself a gift—the knowledge that even in the darkest of times，there is always hope，
always a chance for something beautiful to emerge.And as I left the hospital that day,6.I knew that
the experience would stay with me forever(我知道我会永远记着这次经历)，a reminder of the
power of human connection and the beauty of selfless giving.
