文档内容
1．county n．郡，县
2．disaster n．灾难，灾害；彻底失败
3．crash n．碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃 vi.& vt.碰撞，撞击；崩溃
crash into...闯入；撞到……上
4．signal vi.& vt.发信号，示意；标志 n．信号，暗号；标志；信号灯
·signal (to) sb to do sth示意某人做某事
signal sb that...示意某人……
·traffic signals交通信号灯
5．exit vi.& vt.出去，离去，退场；退出 n．出口，通道；离开
6．orderly adj.有秩序的，有条理的，整齐的
7．stair n．楼梯；梯级
8．roll n．名单；卷；一管；翻滚 vi.& vt.翻滚；滚动；翻身；卷起
9．confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准
It has been confirmed that...已确认/证实……
10．hug vt.拥抱，搂抱；抱紧
11．procedure n．程序，步骤，手续
12．tsunami n．海啸
13．odd adj.奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；不成对的
14．bubble n．泡，气泡，泡沫
15．typhoon n．台风
16．pole n．柱，杆；极
17．hurricane n．飓风
18．conference n．会议，研讨会；讨论，商谈
19．supply n．补给，补给品；供应；供应量，储备 vt.供应，供给，提供
supply sb/sth with sth＝supply sth to sb/sth向某人/某物供应/供给/提供某物
20．charity n．慈善机构(或组织)；慈善，施舍；仁爱，宽容21．staff n．全体职工；管理人员 vt.在……工作，任职于
22．slide n．幻灯片；降低；滑行；山崩 vi.& vt.滑行；逐渐陷入
slide into...溜进……
23．fund n．资金；基金
24．flood n．洪水，水灾；大量 vt.& vi.淹没，泛滥；大量涌入；充满
flood into...涌入……
a sense of relief floods over sb某人深感宽慰
25．downstairs adv.在楼下，往楼下 n．楼下
26．document n．文件，公文；(计算机中的)文档
27．honey n．(爱称)亲爱的；蜂蜜
28．otherwise adv.否则，不然；除此以外
29．Roman adj.古罗马的；罗马的 n．古罗马人；罗马人
30．unearth vt.使出土，挖掘，发掘；发现，找到
31．destination n．目的地，终点
32．bar n．酒吧；小馆子；吧台；条，块；栏杆；障碍 vt.封；阻挡；阻止
33．import n．进口产品，输入的产品；输入 vt.进口，引进
34．export n．出口产品，输出的产品；出口，输出 vt.出口，输出
35．port n．港口，避风港；港口城市
36．cloud-capped adj.高耸入云的，耸入云霄的
37．ashy adj.覆盖着灰的；灰色的
38．dawn n．黎明，破晓；开端，萌芽 vi.开始；开始清楚
·at dawn在黎明时刻
·It dawned on sb that...某人突然意识到
39．volcano n．火山
40．trunk n．树干
41．beyond adv.在(或向)较远处，在另一边 prep.在(或向)更远处；超出；晚于；无法；超
出……之外
42．pattern n．图案，花样；模式；范例；模型
43．column n．柱，圆柱；柱状物；栏；专栏；队，列
44．rescue n．& vt.救援，营救，抢救
·come to sb’s rescue来救某人
·rescue sb from...从……中营救/援救某人
45．injure vt.伤害，使受伤；损害→injury n．伤害→injured adj.受伤的
46．reaction n．反应，回应；抗拒；化学反应→react vi.反应
react to...对……作出反应47．destructive adj.引起破坏(或毁灭)的，破坏(或毁灭)性的→destroy v．破坏→destruction
n．破坏
48．power n．电，电力；权力；政权；控制力；能力；能量；力量→powerful adj.强有力
的；强大的；有权势的→powerless adj.无力的；无能的
in power当权
come to/into power开始掌权；上台
in/beyond one’s power在某人的能力范围内/超出某人的能力
49．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；突然发生→eruption n．爆发
50．unbearable adj.难耐的，无法忍受的→bearable adj.可以忍受的→bear vt.忍受
51．sharp adj.灵敏的；锋利的；急剧的；明显的；尖锐的；强烈的→sharply adv.急剧地；
鲜明地→sharpen vi.& vt.(使)变得锋利
52．locate vt.找出……的准确位置；把……安置在(或建造于)→location n．地点；位置
be located on/at/in...位于……
53．retire vi.& vt.退休，退职；退出(房间、比赛等)→retirement n．退休
54．at large整个，全部
55．safe and sound安然无恙的
56．keep one’s head (在困境中)保持冷静
57．take the form of呈现……的形状；采取……的形式
58．break out突然开始，爆发
59．far and wide到处，各处
60．hold on to抓紧，不放开；(替别人或更长时间地)保存某物
61．in detail详细地
62．above all最重要的是
63．At the same time，Miss Brown quickly opened the classroom door，in case it became
damaged during the shaking and could not open.(in case引导目的状语从句)
与此同时，布朗女士立刻打开教室门，以防门在震动中损坏打不开。
64．The moment the shaking stopped，Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to
make their escape.(the moment引导时间状语从句，动词不定式作定语)
晃动一停止，布朗女士立即意识到这是全班逃生的最好时机。
65．NEWDALE—On 20 December，a series of huge waves caused by an undersea earthquake
raced across the ocean near Goldshore and left thousands dead.(leave＋宾语＋宾补)
纽代尔——12月20日，由海底地震引发的巨浪接连席卷了金海岸附近的海域，造成数千人
死亡。
66．Dad was listening to a weather report on the radio，while Mum was putting their important
documents and disaster supplies into a bag.(while 连接并列分句，表对比)
爸爸在听收音机里的天气预报，而妈妈正在把他们重要的文件和灾难必需品放入一个包里。67．Its ashy rocks，now dark，now light，told a story of past eruptions that might have warned
the city what was to come！(情态动词＋have done)
火山岩忽明忽暗，讲述着几度喷发的往事，这本来可以警告这座城市里的人们，即将到来的
是什么！
1．occur vi.(occurred；occurred；occurring)发生；出现；存在于； (想法)产生
→occurrence n．出现；发生；事件
·sth occurs/occurred to sb某人突然想起某事；某事发生在某人身上
It occurs/occurred to sb that.../to do...某人突然想起……
·表示“某人突然想到……”的常用句型还有：it strikes/struck sb that...；it hits/hit sb that...等。
2.relief n．宽慰，轻松；减轻，消除；救济→relieve vt.减轻；缓和
·in/with relief欣慰地，释然地；松了口气
to one’s relief(＝to the relief of sb)让某人宽慰的是
·relieve sb of...将某人从……中解脱出来；帮助某人减轻(负担)
3．inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知→information n．信息→informed adj.有学问的；有见识
的
·inform sb of/about sth通知某人某事
inform sb that...通知某人……
·keep sb informed of/about...通知某人关于……；使某人知道……
4.shock n．震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt.使震惊；使气愤→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked
adj.感到震惊的
·in shock震惊地；休克
be numb with shock震惊得目瞪口呆
·be shocked by/at...对……感到震惊
be shocked to do...因做……而震惊
5.scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害怕 n．恐慌；惊吓→scared adj.恐惧的；惊恐的；害怕的→scary
adj.恐怖的，吓人的
·scare sb into doing sth恐吓某人做某事
scare...away/off把……吓跑
·be scared to death吓得要死
be scared to do sth/of doing sth害怕做某事
6.donate vt.捐赠，赠送；献(血)→donation n．捐赠
·donate...to...把……捐赠给……
·make donations/a donation to...向……捐赠7.curious adj.好奇的；奇特的→curiosity n．好奇，好奇心→curiously adv.好奇地
·be curious about对……感到好奇
be curious to do sth 极想做某事
·out of curiosity出于好奇
with curiosity＝curiously好奇地
8.distance n．距离；远方；间距；遥远；冷淡；疏远；差异→distant adj.遥远的；远处的；
疏远的
from a distance (of)从远处
in the distance在远处
at a distance (of)在……远的地方；距离稍远；离一段距离
keep sb at a distance＝keep one’s distance from sb对某人冷淡，与某人疏远；与某人保持一
定距离
9．run out of (人)用完，耗尽；从……流出/跑出
·run out用完，耗尽(主语为物，无被动语态)
give out用完；筋疲力尽；发出(主语为物，无被动语态)
use up用完，耗尽(“人”作主语，是及物动词短语)
·run across偶然遇到
run after追逐；追求
run into撞上；遇上，偶然遇到；碰上(困境、麻烦等)
10.as if引导方式状语从句
Its walls were fresh as if painted yesterday；not a single colour changed on the rich pattern of its
floors.
它的墙壁依然新得像昨天刚刚刷完；地板上繁复的图案，一点都没有褪色。
·as if/though意为“似乎，好像”，在此处引导状语从句，也可引导表语从句；引导状语从
句时常用省略形式，后面可直接跟不定式、分词、名词、形容词、介词短语等。
·as if引导从句中的语气和时态：
(1)陈述语气(真实或极有可能发生)
(2)虚拟语气
1．我突然想到，这只熊可能会被我们的大蒜面包的气味吸引，所以我把面包尽可能地向远
处扔去。(2020·浙江7月，读后续写)
____________________________________ the bear might be attracted by the smell of our garlic
bread.So I threw the bread as far as I could.
2．令人惊讶的是，这个小女孩似乎理解了我的意思，也不再哭了。我望着她的大眼睛，松了一口气。(读后续写之动作描写)
Surprisingly，the little girl seemed to understand me and stopped crying.Looking into her big
eyes，________________________.
3．我写信是想邀请您参加我们的广播节目“Talk and Talk”。让我告诉您更多细节。
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，邀请信)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．①听到他的话，一种强烈的兴奋和自豪感涌上我的心头，我只是震惊地站在那里，我的
脚就像扎根在地上一样，一动也不能动。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
At his words ， an overwhelming sense of excitement and pride flooding over me ，
______________________________________________ ， and my feet ， as if rooted to the
ground，couldn’t move an inch.
②看到厨房里的混乱，父亲震惊得目瞪口呆。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
Seeing the great mess in the kitchen，____________________________________________.
5．父亲一回到家，我就胆怯地低着头，不敢看他的脸。(读后续写之心理描写)
The moment my father arrived home ， I bowed my head timidly and
_________________________.
6．虽然我失去了我的存钱罐，但把钱捐给需要帮助的人让我非常高兴。(读后续写之情感描
写)
Though I lost my piggy bank ， I was overwhelmed with happiness by
________________________.
7．①我对突如其来的安静感到好奇，然后回到艾里斯的房间门口，往里看。(读后续写之动
作链描写)
____________________________________________________________________ ， then
returned to the door of Iris’s room and looked in.
②如果你想深入了解这种传统的历史，你一定不要错过这个黄金机会！(应用文写作之邀请
信)
If you ________________________________ the history of the tradition，you mustn’t miss the
golden opportunity!
8．让我们非常高兴的是，远处的水声引起了我们的注意，把我们带到了河边。(读后续写之
场景描写)
Much to our delight，__________________________________________________________ and
drove us to the river bank.
9．大卫的精力快要耗尽，但当他听到其他孩子的欢呼声时，他竭尽全力冲向终点线。
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
David’s energy __________________________ but when he heard loud cheers from the otherkids，he charged towards the finish line with all his strength.
10．我们讨论了一会儿我的意见，我觉得他怀疑地看着我，好像在说这是多么蠢。
(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)
We discussed my opinion for a while ， and I felt he was eyeing me doubtfully
__________________________________________________.
1．sharp
A.adj.急剧的；明显的 B.adj.灵敏的 C.adj.锋利的 D.adv.整点地 E.adj.急转的
(1)It was not until the moment she got closer that I saw the raspberries held in her sharp
mouth.________
(2)Challenging work might help your brain stay sharp as you age.(2020·浙江7月改编)________
(3)Recently there has been a sharp decline in interest in gardening throughout the town.________
(4)I was approaching a fairly sharp bend that swept downhill to the left.________
(5)She planned to unlock the shop at 8：00 sharp the next morning.________
2．flood
A.n.洪水，水灾 B.n.大批，大量 C.vt.淹没 D.vi.大量涌入 E.vi.涌上心头
(1)They talk to the flood of international tourists and to visiting Chinese zookeepers who often
come to check on the pandas，which are on loan from China.(2023·新课标Ⅱ) ________
(2)I felt happiness and relief flooding over me after my son came home from the front.________
(3)A flood had hit the area earlier that year and the damage it caused had driven away a number of
birds.________
(4)The villagers were frightened to see that the river would burst its bank and flood their
village.________
(5)Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park what they
most hope to see，and their answer is often the same：a grizzly bear.(2023·全国甲)________
1．The only way to pay for the groceries was to take off the things she could do without: a bottle
of rubbing alcohol(医用酒精) and a bar of soap.(2021·浙江6月) ____________
2．The government demanded that the relief should be sent to the flood victims as soon as
possible.____________假如你是李华，在得知某地发生地震后，作为你校的学生会主席，你决定给灾区的中学
生写一封慰问信，主要内容包括：
1.表达安慰；
2.救援队已到达并进行援助；
3.表达希望和对其重建家园的信心。
完成句子
1．我是学生会主席李华。得知你们的家乡意外地发生了一场可怕的地震，我感到非常遗憾。
(break out，同位语)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．我很想借此机会向那些在地震中遭受巨大苦难的人们表达我最深切的同情和关心。
(curious，定语从句)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．得知救援队已经赶到你们的家乡伸出援助之手，我感到宽慰。(relieve，现在分词短语作
状语)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．他们冒着生命危险营救被困在废墟的人们，完全把他们的安全抛在身后，这值得我们尊
重和钦佩。(rescue，现在分词短语作状语，非限制性定语从句)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．此外，在政府和全国各地人民的帮助下，我们没有必要感到害怕。(scare)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6．虽然你们深受地震的影响，但我坚信一切都会好起来的，灾区很快就会有序复苏。
(orderly，让步状语从句)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇 把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
教材语料整合
[情感描写] odd adj.奇怪的，怪异的；偶尔的；不成对的 relief n．宽慰，
轻松；减轻，消除；救济
shock n．震惊，惊愕；剧烈震动 vt.使震惊；使气愤 scare vt.& vi.惊吓，害
怕 n．恐慌；惊吓
亮
词 curious adj.好奇的；奇特的
[动作描写] crash n．碰撞声，破裂声；碰撞；崩溃 vi.& vt.碰撞，撞击；崩
溃 confirm vt.证实，确认；使确信；批准 occur to被想到，浮现在脑中
keep one’s head(在困境中)保持冷静 inform vt.了解，熟悉；通知
1.Her students’ reaction was quick and correct—they moved under their desks，
head first，and held on to the legs of the desks.(动作描写)
2.There were loud crashes of glass breaking and things falling to the ground，but
the students remained still and waited calmly and quietly.(环境描写)
3.She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in an orderly line covering their
美句
heads with their hands.(动作描写)
4.Within one minute and twenty seconds，the whole class went down the stairs and
rushed to the playground.(动作描写)
5.People were walking，running or simply sitting on the sandy beach，enjoying
the warm sea air and the soft wind that brushed their hair.(动作描写)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：恐惧与绝望
1.shout v．大声喊叫 2.scream v．惊声尖叫 3.struggle v．挣扎；奋斗；
艰难行进
单词 4.hopeless adj.不抱希望的；无望的→hopelessly adv.绝望地；无望地
5.threat n．威胁→threaten v．威胁；胁迫
6.despair n．绝望 7.desperate adj.绝望的→desperation n．绝望
1.in despair/desperation绝望地 2.fall into despair＝sink into hopelessness陷入
绝望
3.give up all hope绝望 4.sb be thrown into a world of darkness某人被扔进黑
词块
暗的世界
5.sb sink into hopelessness/despair某人陷入绝望 6.abandon oneself to
despair/fall into despair陷入绝望7.weep bitter tears of despair/desperation抹着绝望的眼泪
8.throw sb in low spirits使某人陷入情绪低迷状态 9.be seized with
overwhelming despair极度绝望
10.lift/glue one’s eyes to sb with disappointment失望地对某人抬起眼睛/盯着
某人
1.In such circumstances，tears of horror and despair mixed with rain
streamed down my face.
在这种情况下，恐惧和绝望的泪水夹杂着雨水顺着我的脸流了下来。(无灵
主语句)
2.I felt more frightened and sensed death was waiting for me.我感到更加害
怕，感觉到死亡在等着我。
3.As time went by，the faith that I could make it alive faded gradually.
随着时间的推移，我能活着的信念逐渐消退。
句型
4.Despair/Desperation was written all over his pale face.他苍白的脸上写满了
绝望。(无灵主语句)
5.A sense of despair swallowed/seized/took hold of him completely.他完全被
绝望吞没了。(无灵主语句)
6.His heart was torn with despair.他绝望到心都要碎了。
7.As a result of an accident，Tony was suddenly thrown into a world of
darkness and sank into hopelessness.
由于事故，托尼突然被扔进黑暗之中，陷入绝望。
语料运用 自然灾害
Never ①________________________________________________________ in my life.I
was driving home when it rained cats and dogs.Stuck in the heavy rain，I struggled to make my
way but in vain，②____________________________________________________________(独
立主格)．What’s worse，my car began to shake increasingly wildly.I felt more frightened and
sensed ③____________________________( 拟 人 ) ．
④_______________________________________(分词短语作状语)，I yelled at the top of my
lung but no one could hear.I was about to give up
⑤___________________________________.He approached me and opened the door，helping
me get out of the car.After confirming the safety ， we
⑥____________________________________ and eventually made it home safe and
sound.⑦____________________________________(倒装句)．Joe gathered me into his arms and
kept patting me on the back，comforting me gently.
我一生中从未经历过如此绝望的时刻。我正开车回家，突然下起了倾盆大雨。我被困在
大雨中，挣扎着前进，但没有成功，恐惧和绝望的泪水夹杂着雨水从我的脸上流下来。更糟糕的是，我的车开始越来越剧烈地摇晃。我感到更害怕，感觉到死亡在等着我。我被扔进了
一个黑暗的世界，陷入了绝望，我扯着嗓子大喊，但没有人能听到。我正打算放弃时，我丈
夫乔来救了我。他走近我，打开车门，帮我下了车。确认安全后，我们在泥泞的水中慢慢前
进，最终平安到家。直到那时，我才摆脱了恐惧。乔把我抱在怀里，不停地拍我的背，温柔
地安慰我。
