文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．gunpowder n．火药
2．compass n．指南针，罗盘
3．virtual adj.虚拟的，模拟的
4．battery n．电池
5．compute v．计算
6．stuff n．东西，物品
7．astronomer n．天文学家
8．Gregorian calendar 公历，阳历(自1582年起在西方使用的历法)
9．species n．物种
10．stream n．小河，小溪
11．radium n．镭(一种化学元素)
12．lightning n．闪电
13．fiction n．虚构的事，想象的事
14．metal n．金属
15．gravity n．重力，引力
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．press v．按
2．shoot v．射出(光线等)，放射
3．desire n．渴望，欲望
4．passive adj.被动的
5．beyond prep.无法……
6．instance n．例子，实例
7．extraordinary adj.非凡的，出色的
8．brilliant adj.聪颖的，才华横溢的
9．theory n．学说，理论10．mental adj.精神的；精神健康的
11．cure n．药剂；疗法
12．draft v．起草，草拟
13．experiment n．(科学)实验
14．flash n．闪光
15．entirely adv.完全地，彻底地
16．account n．记述，描述
17．proof n．证明，证据
18．procedure n．程序，步骤，手续
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．flexible adj.易弯曲的，柔韧的→flexibly adv.灵活地；有弹性地→flexibility n．灵活性；
弹性；适应性
2．capable adj.有能力的→capability n．能力
3．significant adj.重要的，影响深远的→significance n．重要性，意义
4．injure v．使受伤，弄伤→injury n．伤；损害→injured adj.受伤的
5．chemist n．化学家；药剂师；药房→chemistry n．化学→chemical adj.化学的
6．biologist n．生物学家→biology n．生理；生物学→biological adj.生物(学)的
7．accurate adj.精确的→accurately adv.精确地→accuracy n．精确度，准确性
8．minor adj.小的；次要的→minority n．少数
9．origin n．起源，起因→original adj.最初的，原始的 n．原作→originally adv.原来，最
初
10．declaration n．声明，宣告→declare v．宣布
11．attach v．系，绑；贴；附→attached adj.附属于；依恋的→attachment n．附件；连接
物；依恋
12．conduct v．传导(热、电)；指挥；实施→conductor n．导体；指挥；售票员
13．scientific adj.科学(上)的→science n．科学；理科→scientist n．科学家
1．mobilise (NAmE -ize) /'məʊbəlaIz/ vt.& vi.组织；鼓动；动员
2．neutrality /njuː'træləti/ n．中立；中立状态
3．invade /In'veId/ vi.& vt.武装入侵；侵略；侵犯
4．surrender /sə'rendə(r)/ vi.& vt.投降；(被迫)放弃，交出 n．投降；屈服；屈从
5．fight back还击；抵抗
6．assault /ə'sɔːlt/ n．攻击；突击；袭击 vt.猛烈攻击；袭击；侵犯(尤指构成犯罪)
7．swift /swIft/ adj.迅即发生的；速度快的；敏捷的
8．intact /In'tækt/ adj.完好无损；完整9．reinforcement /ˌriːIn'fɔːsmənt/ n．[pl.]援军；增援警力 [U](感情或思想等的)巩固；加强
10．fate /feIt/ n．命中注定的事(尤指坏事)；命运
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．wearable tech 可穿戴技术
2．in addition 除此之外，另外
3．never say never 别轻易说决不
4．natural selection 自然选择
5．field research 实地研究，实地调研
6．instead of代替；而不是
7．in terms of 按照；谈及；在……方面
8．along with连同……一起
9．take place 发生；举行
10．die from死于；因……而死
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．There have been golden ages of invention throughout history.(there be 句型)
纵观历史，我们经历过很多发明创造的黄金时代。
2．And now，we find ourselves in the great new age of technology.(find＋宾语＋宾语补足语)
而现在，我们自己正处于伟大的科技新时代。
3．In terms of the environment，it is now possible to create an intelligent walking house.(it is
possible to do)
在环境领域，建造智能可移动房屋现在已成为可能。
4．So what is it that inspires us to invent things？(强调句型的特殊疑问句式)
那么，是什么激励着我们去发明东西呢？
5．But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire to think and create，and
that’s the real spirit of invention.(what引导的主语从句)
不过有一点依旧重要，就是我们对思考与创造有着一种极度的渴望，而这正是真正的发明精
神。
6．But scientists all agree that if Franklin had actually touched the key，he would certainly
have died from the electric shock.(虚拟语气)
但科学家们一致认为，如果富兰克林真的碰到了钥匙，他必定会被电死。
7．In fact，more than one account suggests that while Newton was certainly inspired by a
falling apple，there is no proof that it hit him on the head.(more than one作主语)
事实上，不止一处资料显示，虽然牛顿的灵感确实来源于掉落的苹果，但没有证据表明这颗
苹果恰巧砸在了他的脑袋上。Nowadays ， many capable people desire 1.________(invent) stuff that can make
people’s life 2.________(easy) than before,3.____________ is significant.For instance，many
brilliant 4.____________(housewife) make extraordinary minor inventions，which is a proof
5.____________ everyone can make 6.____________ difference to our life beyond our
expectations.Some fail many times 7.____________ they never say never.They conduct
8.____________(science) experiments over and over again until they’re 9.________(entire)
satisfied with accurate results.In addition，they attach importance to determination，which
10.____________(account) for their success.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
desire n．渴望，欲望；要求 vt.渴望，希望；要求
·have a strong desire to do sth强烈渴望做某事
have a strong desire for sth急于想得到某物
·desire (sb) to do sth希望(某人)做某事
desire that...(should) do...希望……
(1)(应用文写作之求助信)我在为我的家人和朋友选择中国工艺品时遇到了困难，我非常渴望
你及时的帮助。
I have difficulty choosing Chinese art crafts for my family and friends and I
____________________________________________________________.
(2)(应用文写作之推荐信)既然你有强烈的学习中国文化的愿望，我向你强烈推荐北京大学。
Since ____________________________________________________________ ， I strongly
recommend Peking University to you.
(3)(2023·浙江1月，应用文写作)我们希望学校能组织更多这样的活动，这不仅可以消除我
们沉重的压力，还可以开阔我们的视野。
We _____________________________________________，which can not only break down our
heavy pressure but also broaden our horizons.
significant adj.重要的，影响深远的；显著的 (significantly adv.有重大意义地，显著地；
别有含义地，意味深长地 significance n．重要性，意义)
be of great significance(＝be very significant)非常重要
be of no significance无意义，不重要
attach significance to... 认为……有意义/重要
(1)(应用文写作之活动报道)通过参加这次活动，我意识到了学习历史的重要性。
Through participating in this activity，________________________________.
(2)(话题写作之学校生活)另外，我认为在学校锻炼身体很重要，因此我们学生必须积极、按时上体育课。毕竟，户外运动对我们的身体健康是非常重要的。
In addition，I _________________________________，so we students must attend PE class
actively and punctually.After all，outdoor exercise _______________________________.
injure v．使受伤，弄伤 (injury n．伤害，损伤 injured adj.受伤的)
·get/be injured受伤
·do sb an injury(＝do an injury to sb)弄伤某人
·the injured伤者
(1)The explosion did serious ____________ to some passers-by；fortunately，the ____________
were immediately rushed to the nearest hospital.(injure)
(2)尽管腿受了伤，他还是决心跑完马拉松，我们起身为他鼓掌。
Though _______________，he was determined to finish the marathon and we rose to applaud him.
cure n．药剂；疗法 vt.治愈(病人或动物)；治好(疾病)；纠正/去除(弊端等)
·a cure for...……的治疗方法；治愈……的方法
·cure sb of sth治愈某人的某种疾病；矫正/改正某人的不良行为
(1)(应用文写作之人物介绍)看到病人忍受着巨大的痛苦，医生们正在尽最大努力研发一种针
对这种疾病的新疗法，这种疗法还可以治疗人们其他的严重疾病。
Seeing patients suffering great pains ， doctors are trying their best
__________________________ ， which also can
_____________________________________________________.
(2)(2022·天津3月，书面表达)我坚信，只要我们永不说“不”，我们就一定能改掉自己的
坏习惯。
I hold the strong belief that as long as we never say never，we can definitely ______________.
attach v．系，绑，贴；喜欢，依恋；附在……上；认为有重要性 (attached adj.喜爱的，
依恋的；附属于 attachment n．附件，附属物)
·attach sth to...把某物连接到/附在……上
attach oneself to依附；缠着
attach importance/significance/value to重视；认为……重要/有意义/有价值(to是介词)
·be attached to被连接到……；爱慕；附属于
(1)(应用文写作之申请信)Please find my application letter and résumé in the _________(attach)．
(2)In addition，the hospital ____________(attach) to the medical college nearby was destroyed
in the flood.
(3)(应用文写作之建议信)在学习一门外语的过程中，你再怎么强调阅读的重要性也不为过。
You ______________________________ during the course of learning a foreign language.(4)(读后续写之动作链描写)他拿出吊床，拴到树上，惬意地躺在里面，听着他最喜爱的音乐。
He took out the hammock，____________ and lay in it comfortably，listening to his favorite
music.
account n．记述，描述；说明；账目；(银行)账户 v．认为是，视为
·on account of由于，因为
take account of...(＝take...into account/consideration)考虑到，把……考虑进去
on no account决不(置于句首时，句子用部分倒装)
give an account of叙述/描述
·account for是……的原因；解释；(数量上、比例上)占
(1)Could you account ____________ your rude behavior that night?
(2)由于突如其来的大雨，我们更难找到回家的路。
____________________________________，we had more difficulty finding our way home.
(3)(2023·天津3月，书面表达)每当遇到陷入困境的人，一个活雷锋绝不会袖手旁观。
①Whenever meeting anyone who is trapped in difficulties，a living Leifeng will ____________.
②Whenever meeting anyone who is trapped in difficulties，______________.(用倒装句改写)
(4)(应用文写作之申请信)如果您能考虑我的申请，我将不胜感激。
I would appreciate it _________________________________________________.
(5)(应用文写作之告知信)我写信的目的是向您详细讲述我在一次志愿者项目中难忘的经历。
I’m writing to __________________ my unforgettable experience in a volunteer programme.
用法点拨 表示“决不”的短语还有in no case，at no time，in no sense，in no way，by no
means，on no condition，under no circumstances，on no consideration，on no occasion等。
what引导的主语从句 But what remains important is that we have an incredible desire
to think and create，and that’s the real spirit of invention.
不过有一点依旧重要，就是我们对思考与创造有着一种极度的渴望，而这正是真正的发明精
神。
·what在此句中引导主语从句，并在从句中作主语。
·what引导名词性从句时，在从句中充当句子成分(主要作主语、表语和宾语)，可以译成多
种意思：……的东西或事情；……的人或样子；……的数量或数目；……的时间；……的地
方。
(1)(2022·全国甲，书面表达)我们应该关注的是我们能为海洋保护做什么，而不是仅仅喊口
号。
__________________ is ____________________ for ocean protection instead of shouting slogans.
(2)一座新体育馆在曾经的荒地上建了起来。
A new stadium was built on ________________________________.(3)(2020·浙江1月，读后续写)他们既沮丧又担心，不知道什么可以使他们抑郁的爱犬高兴
起来。似乎过了一个世纪的时间，他们终于想出了一个好主意——给她买一只小狗。有了一
个新的玩伴，他们的狗不再是过去的样子了。他们都欣慰地笑了。
Upset and concerned，they didn’t know ________________________ their gloomy beloved pet
dog.After ______________，a good idea occurred to them—buying her a puppy.Having a new
playmate，their dog wasn’t ________________________.They all smiled in relief.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．press
(1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ)There，you’ll find them prepared differently—more dumpling and less
soup，and the wrappers are pressed by hand rather than rolled.________
(2)(2023·新课标Ⅱ)Before the wide use of the printing press，books were treasured objects and
could be works of art in their own right.________
(3)(2021·浙江 1 月)With the pumpkin resting on the table，hole uppermost，I bent over and
pressed my head against the opening.________
(4)What makes us annoyed is that they are pressing us to make a quick decision.________
(5)I don’t want the public ， especially the press to know about this matter at this
stage.________
2．conduct
A.v.引导，带领 B.v.指挥军队、乐队等 C.v.实施，进行 D.v.举止，表现 E.v.传导
F.n.经营方式，管理方式
(1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ)The experiment of estimation he conducted showed that in some cases，
the average of a large number of independent estimates could be quite accurate.________
(2)The warm-hearted guide conducted us around the West Lake and we enjoyed the breathtaking
scenery.________
(3)He was more than honoured to be invited to conduct a concert in America.________
(4)There is no denying that his conduct of the business was very successful.________
(5)There are some materials that conduct heat well.________
(6)Make sure that you conduct yourself as a good neighbor should.________
3．shoot
(1)The movie was shot in New Zealand and it appealed to numerous people.________
(2)Once we set foot in the park，we found the roses putting out new shoots.________(3)He finally hit the target after he shot at it several times.________
(4)(2021·浙江 6 月)Summers in the mid-70s were spent at home shooting baskets，hitting a
baseball，or throwing a football ，preparing for my future as a quarterback on a football
team.________
(5)(2021·新课标Ⅰ)Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to
shake.________
4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)The whole problem was quite beyond me and I didn’t know how to solve
it._______________
(2)(2021·全国甲)The wall is 12 meters high and from here you can see streams of people moving
inside and outside the City Wall.____________________
(3)(2021·新课标Ⅰ)“I was turning the page to get ready for the next page，but the draft wind
from the turn caused the spare pages to fall off the stand，” Mr Titterman said._____________
(4)A good idea flashed into my mind and I smiled with extreme excitement.______________
(5)(2020·浙江 7 月)Researchers from the University of Leipzig in Germany gathered more than
1,000 retired workers who were over age 75 and assessed the volunteers’ memory and thinking
skills through a battery of tests.____________________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．He rose to his feet and said that it couldn’t be measured ____________ terms of
money.
2．In my opinion，his perseverance may account _________ his achievements in his work.
3．____________ addition，the major problems which should be paid attention to are discussed.
4．Many a volunteer ________(donate) money to the institution set up to help people with
cancer.
5 ． Trying to cure the woman ____________ her illness ， the doctor tried to find a new
treatment.
6．To his relief，his son is studying in a high school ____________(attach) to a key university.
7．He ____________(injure) on the way to school and his classmates went to see him and aid
him.
8 ． He has been suffering from a serious disease and he has changed beyond
________(recognise)．
9．In reality，as a result of a shortage of funds，we are not capable ________ continuing
our project.
10．We desire that some effective measures ____(take) as soon as possible.假设你是国际学校的学生会主席李华，为帮助学生了解更多的航天知识，你校决定举行
一次关于航天科学的讲座，请你用英语写一则书面通知，内容包括：
1.讲座的时间、地点；
2.讲座的目的及内容；
3.希望同学们踊跃参加。
完成句子
1．人类高度重视航天飞行，因此本周五下午两点将在学校大厅举行一场以“太空科学”为
主题的讲座，时长为两个小时。(attach)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．了解我国太空飞行的历史、成就以及发展趋势很重要。(significant；动名词短语作主语)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．由同样的专家呈现的第二部分将涉及相关的科学成果，如找到一些疾病的最新治疗方法。
(cure；过去分词作后置定语)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．第三部分关注的是参与者可以提出他们感兴趣的问题。(what引导的主语从句)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．非常欢迎那些想要更多了解太空的人来参加这次讲座。(desire；定语从句)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
教材语料整合
[人物描写] flexible；capable；desire；never say never；extraordinary；brilliant；
mental
亮词
[动作描写] press；shoot；injure；draft
[环境描写] compass；species；stream；lightning; flash；gravityMore than one generation of schoolchildren has been amazed by his bravery and his
美句
scientific approach to looking for the truth.(情感描写)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：惊讶(二)
gasp in astonishment惊讶地倒吸一口气 a tone of surprise/a surprised tone/voice惊讶的
口气/声音
词 give a cry of surprise吃惊地喊出声来 too surprised/astonished to utter a word/be
块 speechless with shock惊讶得说不出话来 freeze/stand still/stop dead/be numb with shock
呆住 shake one’s head in disbelief 难以置信地摇头 gape at张口结舌地看，目瞪口
呆地凝视 one’s jaw drops/dropped 张口结舌
Everyone gasped in astonishment as the car came around the last bend.
汽车驶过最后一个弯道时，每个人都惊讶地倒吸一口气。
Confused and astonished，he gaped at the wall，wide eyed.(形容词短语作状语)
句 他既困惑又惊讶，目瞪口呆地望着墙壁。
型 After what seemed like a long time，he recovered from shock.
似乎过了很长一段时间，他才从震惊中恢复过来。
Despair seized him at the thought of his failure in the exam.(无灵主语句)
一想到考试的失败，他就万念俱灰。
语料运用 追求科学
Brilliant Jeremy desired to go on his 6th grade field trip at the National Geological Park，but
unluckily he fell ill，tears of disappointment streaming down his cheeks.①______________(无灵
主语)．He was pressed to take medicine and fell asleep soon.When he awoke，his father asked
him to meet Professor Helfand，who would allow him to visit his observatory.②___________(形
容词短语作状语)．③_________________，with a smile flashing across his face.When seeing
many big bright stars，he froze there，and then ④_____________________.When the professor
invited him to join his team，he ⑤_________________ and he just kept nodding his head in
disbelief.
聪明的杰里米渴望去国家地质公园进行他的六年级的实地考察，但不幸的是他病了，失
望的泪水顺着他的脸颊流下来。一想到要错过这次实地考察，他就感到绝望。他被迫吃药，
然后很快就睡着了。当他醒来时，他的父亲让他去见赫尔方教授，赫尔方教授允许他参观他
的天文台。他又困惑又惊讶，瞪大眼睛望着教授。似乎过了很长一段时间，他才从震惊中恢
复过来，脸上闪过一丝微笑。看到许多又大又亮的星星，他愣住了，吃惊地叫了一声。当教
授邀请他加入他的团队时，他惊讶得一句话也说不出来，只是难以置信地不停地点着头。
