文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．oxygen n．氧气
2．port n．港，港口
3．alcohol n．酒精
4．rubber n．橡胶，合成橡胶
5．cotton n．棉布，棉纱
6．cotton wool药棉，脱脂棉
7．submarine n．潜(水)艇
8．chapter n．章节
9．helmet n．头盔，钢盔
10．nut n．坚果(仁)
11．vibration n．震颤，震动
12．atom n．原子
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．thus adv.因此，从而
2．zone n．地区，地带
3．border n．国界，边界
4．confirm v．证实，证明
5．attempt n．努力，尝试
6．bandage n．绷带
7．guideline n．指导方针，指导原则
8．cloth n．布
9．liquid n．液体，液态物
10．injury n．伤，损害
11．stretch v．延伸，绵延
12．charge n．主管，负责13．captain n．船长
14．ahead adv.在前面
15．ray n．光线，光束
16．gradually adv.逐渐地，逐步地
17．shore n．岸，滨
18．carpet n．地毯
19．broad adj.宽的，阔的
20．beneath prep.在……之下，在……正下方
21．resident n．居民，住户
22．male n．雄性动物
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．initial adj.开始的，最初的→initially adv.最初
2．crowd n．人群 v．使……拥挤→crowded adj.拥挤的
3．failure n．失败→fail v．失败
4．psychologist n．心理学家→psychology n．心理学；心理；心理影响→psychological adj.
心理(学)的
5．thrill n．惊险，刺激 v．使非常兴奋→thrilled adj.非常兴奋的→thrilling adj.令人激动的
→thriller n．惊险小说
6．unaware adj.未觉察到的，未意识到的→aware adj.意识到的；明白的→awareness n．意
识
7．wool n．羊毛，毛织物→woolen(＝woollen) adj.羊毛的；毛料的
8．bleeding n．流血，失血→bleed v．流血→blood n．血
9．servant n．仆人，佣人；职员→serve v．提供(食物)，端上(饭菜)；服务→service n．服
务
10．permit v．允许，准许，许可 n．许可证→permission n．允许，许可
11．fascinated adj.被迷住的，被吸引住的→fascinate v．深深吸引，迷住→fascinating adj.有
吸引力的，迷人的
12．relate v．相联系，有关联；讲述→related adj.有关的
13．astonish v．使吃惊，使惊讶→astonished adj.惊讶的→astonishing adj.令人惊讶的
→astonishment n．吃惊，惊讶
14．consume v．消耗→consumption n．消费；消耗→consumer n．消费者
15．distinguish v．看清；认出；分清→distinguished adj.高贵的；卓越的，杰出的
16．surround v．环绕，围绕→surrounding adj.周围的→surroundings n．环境
17．wrinkled adj.有皱褶的→wrinkle n．皱纹 v．(使脸上)起皱纹
18．intensity n．(光、声等的)强度→intense adj.强烈的，激烈的19．depth n．深，深度→deep adj.深的 adv.在深处→deepen v．加深；(使)变深
1．shatter /'ʃætə(r)/ vi.& vt.(使)破碎；(使)碎裂
2．toil /tɔIl/ n．苦工；劳累的工作 vi.(长时间)苦干；辛勤劳作
3．surpass /sə'pɑːs/ vt.& vi.超过；胜过；优于
4．barefoot /'beəfʊt/ adj.& adv.赤脚(的)
5．detour /'diːtʊə(r)/ n．绕行的路；兜圈子 vi.& vt.(使)绕道；(使)绕行
6．pause /pɔːz/ vi.暂停；停顿 vt.(按暂停键)暂停放音；暂停放像 n．停顿；停顿的时间
7．pull away from把……甩在身后
8．imbed /Im'bed/ vt.(also embed)把……牢牢地嵌入(或插入、埋入)
9．sentimental /ˌsentI'mentl/ adj.情感的(而非理性的)；多愁善感的
10．insanely /In'seInli/ adv.精神失常地；精神错乱地→insane /In'seIn/ adj.精神失常的；精神
错乱的
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．bring...into focus使……成为焦点
2．in broad daylight在大白天
3．make money 赚钱
4．succeed in doing sth 成功做某事
5．figure out弄明白；计算
6．result in导致
7．refer to...as...把……称作……
8．stand for 代表
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．Vasco da Gama (1460－1524) was a Portuguese explorer and the first European to reach
India by sea.(the＋序数词＋n.＋to do)
瓦斯科·达·伽马(1460－1524)是一位葡萄牙探险家，也是第一位从海上到达印度的欧洲人。
2．Christopher Columbus (1451－1506) was an Italian explorer who completed journeys between
Spain and the Americas ， thus marking the beginning of European exploration of the
Americas.(现在分词短语作结果状语)克里斯托弗·哥伦布(1451－1506)是一位意大利探险家，
他完成了从西班牙到美洲的航行，从而标志着欧洲人在美洲探险的开始。
3．For these people，climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no other，making some feel
weak and others，powerful.(动名词短语作主语)
对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验，这让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也
让另外一些人感受到强大。4．Research also suggests that our desire to seek risks can be connected to how much we
expect to benefit from the result.(suggest that＋从句)研究还表明，我们对于冒险的渴望与我
们期待从中获益多少有关。
5．Captain Nemo walked in front，one of his men following some steps behind.(独立主格结构)
尼摩船长走在前面，他的一个手下在后面几步处跟着。
6．Above me was the calm surface of the sea.(完全倒装)
我头顶上是平静的海面。
Our captain，who was in charge of the whole submarine，looked charming and was
1.____________(distinguish)．He often got up ahead of time，and no one could go out without
his 2.____________(permit)．What astonished us was 3.____________ the submarine was often
surrounded by crowds of fish.We 4.____________(usual) dived to the depths of the ocean，
5.____________ we were fascinated by the beautiful scenery.Sometimes，we were 6. ______
thrilled that we would be unaware of the danger，which might bring us some injury.Thus，we
7.____________(take) alcohol，bandages，plasters，thermometers，rubber gloves and
cloth，cotton wool in case of unexpected bleeding.One day，when we made an attempt
8.__________(go) close to the shore，we found that the broad beach stretched as far as our
eyes could reach,9.__________(wrap) the sea.10.____________ amazing ！ Turning to our
captain，we saw a broad smile spread across his wrinkled face.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
attempt n．& v．企图；试图；尝试，努力 (attempted adj.未遂的)
·make an attempt to do/at doing...尝试做……
in an attempt to do sth试图做某事
at the first attempt第一次尝试
·attempt to do...尝试/试图做……
(1)Police say they’re treating it as a case of ____________(attempt) murder.
(2)我们试图在黑暗中认出回家的路，但是白费力气，因此，我们深感绝望。
_________ back home in the darkness，but in vain and thus，we were consumed with sheer
despair.
(3)(2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)他们第一次尝试就成功地做出了甜爆米花，真是令人兴奋，
他们的脸上洋溢着灿烂的笑容。然后，为了尽快卖完所有的爆米花，他们甚至挨家挨户地卖
爆米花。
It was really a thrill that they successfully made sweet popcorn ____________ and their facesbeamed with a broad smile.Then，____________，they even sold the popcorn from door to
door.
charge n．费用；控告；主管，负责；充电量 v．收费；控告；充电
·free of charge＝for free免费
·take charge of掌管(表动作)
in charge of掌管(表状态)
in the charge of被……掌管；由……负责
·charge sb with (doing) sth＝accuse sb of (doing) sth指控某人犯……罪
charge sb money for sth因某事/物收某人钱
charge at扑向，冲向
(1)How much did he charge you ____________ repairing this pair of shoes?
(2)The man dressed in red was charged ____________ crossing the border illegally.
(3)(应用文写作之议论文)上周，我们就市民是否可以免费使用科学博物馆展开了热烈的讨论。
Last week ， we had a heated debate about
______________________________________________.
(4)(2021·全国甲，书面表达)我将负责一个主题班会，旨在向外国人介绍中国传统文化。
__________________ and its purpose is to introduce traditional Chinese culture to foreigners.
(5)(读后续写之动作链描写)张着血盆大口，这只凶猛的饿狼突然跳起来，冲向我，就快要一
口把我吃掉。
Opening its bloody mouth ， the fierce hungry wolf sprang to its feet suddenly ，
________________ and was about to eat me up in one gulp.
astonish vt.使惊讶；使吃惊 [astonished adj.感到惊讶的(指人的主观感受) astonishing
adj.令人惊讶的astonishment n．惊讶]
·be astonished at/by sth因某事感到惊讶
be astonished to do sth对做某事感到惊讶
·in astonishment吃惊地
to one’s astonishment让某人惊讶的是
(1)The servant was ____________ at the ____________ question in his mind.(astonish)
(2)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)双胞胎非常吃惊地发现，他们第一次尝试做早餐失败了。
The twins _________________________ that their first attempt to cook a breakfast failed.
(3)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)令我惊讶的是，我在写作比赛中获奖了，我激动得一句话也
说不出来。
①_______________，I got awarded in the writing contest and I was too thrilled to utter a word.
②________________________________________________ was that I got awarded in the writingcontest and I was too thrilled to utter a word.(astonish，主语从句)
(4)(读后续写之心理描写)看到那个场景，我们惊讶地张大了嘴。
Seeing the scene，our mouths dropped open ____________________.
distinguish v．辨别；看清，认出 (distinguished adj.卓越的；有尊严的)
·distinguish between...and...区分/辨别……和……
distinguish...from...使……有别于……；把……与……区分开
distinguish oneself 使自己扬名
·be distinguished for 因……而出名
be distinguished as作为……而出名
(1)The woman distinguished ________________ a writer ________________ her latest science
fiction agreed that reading good books can teach us to distinguish ____________ right and wrong.
(2)We are fascinated by Lang Ping who has already distinguished ____________(she) as a great
volleyball coach in the world.
(3)(2023·全国甲，书面表达)苏轼是中国宋代杰出的作家、诗人、书法家和画家。他因献身
于自己的事业和热爱祖国而闻名。
Su Shi was ___________________ during the Song Dynasty.He _______________________.
the＋序数词＋n.＋to do Vasco da Gama(1460－1524) was a Portuguese explorer and
the first European to reach India by sea.瓦斯科·达·伽马(1460－1524)是一位葡萄牙探险家，
也是第一位从海上到达印度的欧洲人。
·当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级等修饰时或前有the only，the last，the best等
时，常用动词不定式作后置定语。
·在time，way，chance，opportunity，ability，promise，attempt等名词后，常用不定式作后
置定语，表示将要发生的动作。
(1)There was no signal in that faraway village and all my attempts ________(contact) you failed.
(2)(2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)约翰是第一个想出做爆米花帮助伯纳德挣外快的人。他相信
他有能力帮助伯纳德走出困境。
John was ________________________________________________ to help Bernard earn some
extra money.He was convinced that he ________________________________________________.
(3)(应用文写作之申请信)我能说一口流利的英语，而且我是班上唯一一个出国深造的学生。
毫无疑问我是负责这项工作的最佳人选。
I can speak fluent English and I am ____________________________________ for further
study.There is no doubt that I am ____________________________________ the job.
动名词短语作主语 For these people，climbing Qomolangma is an experience like no
other，making some feel weak and others，powerful.对于这些人来说，攀登珠穆朗玛峰是一项独一无二的体验，这让一些人感受到脆弱的同时也让另外一些人感受到强大。
climbing Qomolangma在句中作主语。动名词短语作主语还有以下情况：
·it作形式主语：It is no use/no good/useless doing sth.意为“做某事没用。”；It is a waste of
time doing sth.意为“做某事浪费时间。”
·动名词的复合结构：“名词所有格/形容词性物主代词＋doing”作主语。
(1)对学习有积极的态度是我尊敬你的原因。
____________________________________ is the reason why I respect you.
(2)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)在森林中迷路使我的心提到了嗓子眼。但是我知道害怕是没用
的，找到走出森林的路才是我现在必须做的事情。
___________________ made my heart in my mouth.But I knew that _______________ and
________________ was what I had to do right now.
(3)在我看来，玩电脑游戏是浪费时间。
In my opinion，________________________________________________.
(4)(读后续写之羞愧心理描写)他考试再次不及格使他很羞愧，他羞愧地低着头。
______________________________ made him ashamed and he hung down his head in shame.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．charge
(1)The young man was charged with attempted murder.________
(2)My father took charge of the company five years ago.________
(3)Have you got your phone charged？It was powered off just now.________
(4)Luckily，the wolf didn’t charge again after I used wolf spray.________
(5)(2023·全国甲)So，it’s been useful to know how to cover up holes and repaint a room to avoid
any charges when I’ve moved out.________
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)With past memories crowding into her mind，she burst into tears.____________________
(2)Last night the sudden power failure made us at a loss.____________________
(3)①He was consumed with guilt after the accident.____________________
②To my surprise，the boy consumed all the cookies.____________________
(4)The girl greeted us with a broad smile，her long hair flowing in the breeze._________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．It ______ (astonish) us that he was stimulated to get rid of the bad habit of staying up late.
2 ． I can’t afford to miss such a precious chance ______(strengthen) each other’sunderstanding.
3．She is ____________(distinguish) as a psychologist，who offers frequent help to those
teenagers in trouble.
4．Could you tell me what the letters stand __________ in the popular TV play which is being
broadcast？
5．To the little girl’s excitement，the sculptor charged her nothing ____________ taking a
sculpture.
6．The elegant woman succeeded in getting the job she had been dreaming about ____________
her first attempt.
7．____________ has been confirmed that he had closed his factory for lack of money.
8．Unaware ____________ what was happening around him，he was on pins and needles.
9．The importance of environmental protection in the neighborhood was brought ____________
focus after his passionate speech.
10．I will inform you of something ____________(relate) to the coming exhibition.
假定你是李华，你校学生会将组织师生进行一次远足探险活动，请用英语给外教 Jason
写一封邮件邀请他一起参加，内容包括：
1.活动时间和地点；
2.注意事项；
3.表达期待。
完成句子
1．学生会将组织一次师生徒步探险活动，我诚挚地邀请您参加。(take charge of)
________________________________________________________________________
2．徒步旅行计划于本周六下午2点在学校门口开始，我们将前往美丽的山脉环绕的龙山瀑
布。(surround；过去分词短语作后置定语)
________________________________________________________________________
3．总共15千米，我认为你最好穿运动鞋，带足够的食物和水。(figure)
________________________________________________________________________
4．随身携带垃圾袋是必要的，这从某种意义上来说有助于生态旅游。(动名词短语作主语；
非限制性定语从句)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．请不要错过这次参加户外活动的宝贵机会。(to do作定语)
________________________________________________________________________组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
教材语料整合
[情感描写] thrill；unaware；fascinated；astonish
亮词 [动作描写] confirm；attempt；charge；permit；consume；distinguish
[人物描写] wrinkled；broad
1.We do not live to eat and make money.We eat and make money to be able to enjoy life.
(续写升华：人生感悟)
美句
2.The light，which lit the soil thirty feet below the surface of the ocean，astonished me by
its power.(环境描写)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：愤怒(二)
shout/scream in anger/furiously怒吼 voice shakes 声音颤抖 teeth lock together in
anger气得咬牙切齿 hands tremble with rage/anger手因愤怒而颤抖 slam the door
furiously/angrily behind愤然摔门而去 storm into/out/off怒气冲冲地闯进/走出/气呼呼
词块
地跑掉 spring up in anger气得跳起来 anger pours/rushes through sb 怒不可遏
burn/boil/explode with anger/rage怒火中烧 tremble with anger气得发抖 be
seized/overcome/swallowed/overwhelmed by anger/rage 非常生气
I sprang up in anger，turned around and stormed out of the room，slamming the
door furiously behind me.(动作链描写)我愤怒地跳了起来，转过身，气呼呼地冲出房
间，愤怒地关上身后的门。
句型 Mr Smith let out a cry of anger，with his eyes shining with rage.(with的复合结构)
史密斯先生发出一声愤怒的叫喊，眼睛里闪烁着愤怒的光芒。
Boiling with/Overcome by rage，Sheldon shook his fist at me.(分词作状语)
谢尔顿怒不可遏，朝我挥舞着拳头。
语料运用 登山遇阻
My father with a wrinkled face and broad shoulders ①______________________________
Qomolangma with my friends.Fascinated by the mountain ， I
②___________________________，but he said various frightening scenes rather than thrill were
crowding into his mind.Finally he exploded with rage.③________________________(独立主格)，
he shouted furiously，“Why？” Not supported by my father，I let out a cry of anger，
④ _______________________(with 的 复 合 结 构 ) ．
⑤____________________________________.⑥________________________(过去分词作状语)，
I ran like crazy and tears came to my eyes.After what seemed like ages，I came to understand myfather and rushed back home with a smile on my face.
我的父亲满脸皱纹，肩膀宽阔，他不允许我和朋友们一起爬珠穆朗玛峰。我被这座山迷
住了，试图说服他，但他说，各种可怕的场景而不是刺激涌入他的脑海。最后他勃然大怒。
他的声音颤抖着，愤怒地喊道：“为什么？”没有父亲的支持，我发出了一声愤怒的叫喊，
眼里闪着愤怒的光芒。我愤怒地跳了起来，转过身，气呼呼地冲出房间，愤怒地关上身后的
门。我怒不可遏，疯狂地跑着，眼泪喷涌而出。过了好久，我终于明白了父亲的意思，于是
我面带微笑地跑回了家。
