文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．secrecy n．保密，秘密状态
2．shaving n．刮胡子
3．flush v．(使)发红
4．plum n．李子；梅子
5．faintly adv.微弱地；模糊地
6．dispose v．排列，布置
7．sparkle n．闪耀，闪光
8．redden v．(使)变红
9．glare n．刺眼的强光
10．flake n．小薄片
11．weathercock n．(公鸡形)风标
12．church n．教堂
13．rhyme n．儿歌，童谣
14．alabaster n．雪花石膏
15．goose n．鹅
16．feather n．羽毛
17．bloom v．开花
18．bleak adj.阴冷的；阴郁的
19．fade v．逐渐消失；褪色
20．orchard n．果园
21．cluster n．串，丛，簇
22．wheat n．小麦
23．pile v．堆放，摞起24．tinge v．着淡色于……
25．wagon n．四轮运货车
26．reap v．收割(庄稼)
27．backyard n．后院
28．moribund adj.垂死的，奄奄一息的
29．tremble v．颤抖，发抖
30．throb v．生机勃勃；热闹
31．chorus n．合唱曲
32．robin n．知更鸟
33．catbird n．猫鹊
34．dove n．鸽子
35．jay n．松鸦
36．wren n．鹪鹩(一种褐色小鸟)
37．marsh n．沼泽，湿地
38．fable n．寓言
39．alert v．提醒，使(某人)意识到
40．knowingly adv.故意地
41．gypsy moth舞毒蛾
42．posthumous adj.死后获得的
43．marine adj.海洋的
44．diamond n．钻石
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．insist v．坚称，坚决认为
2．prospect n．开阔的景观，景色
3．enhance v．改进；增强
4．sweep v．吹过，掠过
5．ban v．禁止，取缔
6．dozen number一打；许多
7．thorough adj.仔细的；缜密的
8．precise adj.精确的；一丝不苟的
9．launch n．推出，发起
10．reputation n．名誉，名望
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．weekly adj.一周一次的，每周的→week n．星期，一周
2．inspector n．检查员，巡视员→inspect v．检查，巡视→inspection n．检查；查看；视察
3．bend v．变弯曲→bent adj.弯曲的
4．innocent adj.天真无邪的→innocence n．天真无邪；无辜
5．charm n．魅力，魔力→charming adj.迷人的
6．gentle adj.轻柔的；温和的→gently adv.轻柔地；温和地
7．puzzled adj.困惑的，无法理解的→puzzle n．谜；不解之谜 v．迷惑；使困惑→puzzling
adj.令人迷惑的
8．elegance n．优美；简洁→elegant adj.优美的，优雅的；简练的，简洁的→elegantly adv.
优雅地
9．passionate adj.具有强烈信念的→passion n．强烈情感；激情
1．diligence /'dIlIdʒəns/ n．勤奋；用功→diligent /'dIlIdʒənt/ adj.勤勉的；刻苦的
2．deputy /'depjuti/ n．副手；代理(人)
3．confer /kən'fɜː(r)/ vi.& vt.协商；交换意见；授予
4．hindrance /'hIndrəns/ n．造成妨碍的人(或事物)；阻碍
5．tiptoe /'tIptəʊ/ n．脚尖 vi.踮着脚走；蹑手蹑脚地走
on tiptoe踮着脚；蹑手蹑脚
6．for sth’s sake 为某事本身的缘故；鉴于某事本身的价值
7．excessively /Ik'sesIvli/ adv.过于；过多地→excessive /Ik'sesIv/ adj.过度的；过多的
8．all-round /ˌɔːl'raʊnd/ adj.全面的；全能的；多才多艺的
9．consolidation /kənˌsɒlI'deIʃn/ n．巩固；加强→consolidate /kən'sɒlIdeIt/ vt.& vi.使加强；
使巩固
10．deprive /dI'praIv/ vt.剥夺；使丧失；使不能享有→deprivation /ˌdeprI'veIʃn/ n．贫困；丧
失；剥夺
deprive...of sth剥夺；使丧失；使不能享有
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．talk away喋喋不休，不断地说
2．come around/round短暂访问
3．break out爆发
4．alert sb to sth提醒，使某人意识到某事
5．cause harm to对……造成危害
6．urge sb to do sth督促某人做某事
7．become a target for成为……的目标
8．stand by坚持，信守(原有的决定、承诺或宣言)；支持
9．at the risk of冒着……的危险10．dozens of几十；很多
11．regard...as...把……视为；把……当作
12．rather than而不是
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．The fact is，however，that the snow was as strange and fascinating to me as it was to them.
(that引导表语从句)
事实上，这场雪于我而言，也是同样的奇异，同样的迷人。
2．Then the sun came out，and by the time I had sat down to breakfast it was shining bravely
and flushing the snow with delicate pinks.(by the time引导的时间状语从句)
接着太阳出来了，等到我坐下来吃早餐时，太阳的光彩已是绚烂夺目，给雪地添了一抹柔和
的粉红色。
3．This is not so much because of the quality of her arguments，strong though they are，but
because of the beauty and elegance of her writing.(not...but...)
这并不都是因为她书中高质量的论点是多么强有力，而是因为她美丽和高雅的文笔让读者喜
欢。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共12分)
1．dispose v．排列，布置
2．bloom v．开花
3．fade v．逐渐消失；褪色
4．reap v． 收割 ( 庄稼 )
5．tremble v．颤抖，发抖
6．fable n．寓言
7．alert v． 提醒，使 ( 某人 ) 意识到
8．redden v． ( 使 ) 变红
9．glare n．刺眼的强光
10．flush v． ( 使 ) 发红
11．pile v．堆放，摞起
12．sparkle n．闪耀，闪光
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共16分)
1．ban v．禁止，取缔
2．thorough adj.仔细的；缜密的
3．launch n．推出，发起4．reputation n．名誉，名望
5．insist v．坚称，坚决认为
6．enhance v．改进；增强
7．precise adj.精确的；一丝不苟的
8．dozen number一打；许多
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2.5分，共15分)
1．weekly adj.一周一次的，每周的→week n．星期，一周
2．inspector n．检查员，巡视员→inspect v．检查，巡视→inspection n．检查；查看；视
察
3．bend v．变弯曲→bent adj.弯曲的
4．innocent adj.天真无邪的→innocence n．天真无邪；无辜
5．puzzled adj.困惑的，无法理解的→puzzle n．谜；不解之谜 v．迷惑；使困惑→puzzling
adj.令人迷惑的
6．elegance n．优美；简洁→elegant adj.优美的，优雅的；简练的，简洁的→elegantly adv.
优雅地
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．diligence n．勤奋；用功→diligent adj.勤勉的；刻苦的
2．tiptoe n．脚尖 vi.踮着脚走；蹑手蹑脚地走
3．for sth’s sake 为某事本身的缘故；鉴于某事本身的价值
4．all-round adj.全面的；全能的；多才多艺的
5．deprive...of sth剥夺；使丧失；使不能享有
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)
1．talk away 喋喋不休，不断地说
2．alert sb to sth 提醒，使某人意识到某事
3．urge sb to do sth 督促某人做某事
4．become a target for 成为……的目标
5．at the risk of 冒着……的危险
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．All the proof proved his innocence，so the lawyer can certainly prove that he is innocent.
(innocence)
2．The puzzling problem has puzzled me in the past few days，so wearing a puzzled look on
my face，I requested my passionate teacher to help solve it.(puzzle)
3．He is a man who is passionate about music and his passion is the motivation for his musical
career.(passion)4．His charming personality lies in a simple fact that he never hesitates to help others.His charm
is undeniable.(charm)
5．To make him less nervous，I gently patted him on the shoulder and gave him a gentle smile.
(gentle)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．This hurricane caused harm to this district and people there suffered a lot.
2．There is no doubt that dozens of people will be in favor of the new policy.
3．It was in a nightclub that a fire broke out，which made the owner break down.
4．Most of the scientists do the job out of their passion for science rather than money.
5．Your friends will never let you down and will strongly stand by you when you need
encouragement.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共12分)
1．我偏好长江之行的原因在于沿江的风景令人惊诧。(that引导表语从句)
The reason why I prefer the trip along the Yangtze River is that the scenery along the river is
amazing.
2．他少年时就已被誉为一名出色的年轻音乐家。(by the time引导时间状语从句)
By the time he was a teenager，he had already enjoyed a reputation as a wonderful young
musician.
3．那些需要帮助的人想要的不是你的同情，而是你的帮助。(not...but...)
What those people in need want to get is not your pity but your help.
Known as an inspector，Mike insisted that he should make a weekly examination on the
production procedure of the factory 1.carefully(careful)．One morning，he got up，washed，
shaved and then he went out 2.to work(work)．Suddenly，there was something on the ground so
he 3.bent(bend) down and found some feathers of goose.In the 4.distance(distant)，he heard the
rhyme being sung from the church.What 5.a prospect！He sighed and continued his way to his
company.There he saw some cleaners sweeping the ground thoroughly and several workers were
busy 6.unloading(unload) some piles of wheat from the wagon.He was 7.puzzled(puzzle)；
therefore，he questioned them 8.what they were doing in a gentle voice.The workers answered in
a trembling voice that they did nothing wrong.However，Mike was alerted to that and he found
dozens of faults in what they had said.He thought 9.it his duty to protect the reputation of the
company and avoid any 10.mistakes(mistake) that would happen.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
insist v．坚称，坚决认为·insist 作“坚决要求；坚持主张”讲时，后面的宾语从句用虚拟语气，即谓语动词用
“(should＋) do”；作“坚持说；坚持认为”讲时，其后的从句用陈述语气。
·insist on/upon (sb/sb’s) (doing) sth坚持要求(某人)(做)某事
insist on (doing) sth坚持(做)某事
(1)The doctor insisted that she was(be) seriously ill and that she (should) be operated(operate) on
immediately.
(2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)老师直视着我的眼睛，补充说：“只有坚持写作，你才能在
写作上取得很大进步。”
①Looking at me straight in the eye，my teacher added，“You can make great progress in writing
only if you insist on writing.”
②Looking at me straight in the eye，my teacher added，“Only if you insist on writing can you
make great progress in writing.”(用倒装句改写)
ban vt.明令禁止；取缔 n．禁令
·ban sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事
·a ban on针对……的禁令
·近义短语：prohibit/forbid sb from doing sth禁止某人做某事
forbid sb to do sth禁止某人做某事
(1)Whales are protected by an international ban on whaling.
(2)(2022·浙江6月，应用文写作)为了创建更干净的自习室环境，禁止每个人乱扔垃圾。
To create cleaner surroundings in the self-study room ，everyone is banned/prohibited from
littering everywhere/everyone is forbidden from littering/to litter everywhere.
regard...as... 把……视为；把……当作 (regard n．注意，关注；关心；问候 vt.将……
认为；看待 regardless adv.不管不顾地)
·with/in regard to关于
give one’s regards to sb代某人向某人问候
·regardless of 不管；不顾(侧重指不计后果和代价)
(1)If you see your gentle uncle，give him my regards(regard)．
(2)不顾巨大的挑战，阿里(Ali)把跑步比赛当成一次为妹妹赢得一双新鞋的机会。尽管在比
赛中意外摔倒，阿里还是跳了起来，冲向终点线。至于结果，阿里赢得了三等奖，获得了新
鞋，像鸟儿一样飞奔回家。
Regardless of great challenges，Ali regarded the running race as an opportunity to win a newpair of shoes for his sister.Despite an unexpected fall during the race，Ali jumped to his feet and
dashed towards the finish line.With/In regard to the result，Ali won third prize，got the new
shoes，and flew to his home like a bird.
by the time引导时间状语从句 Then the sun came out，and by the time I had sat down
to breakfast it was shining bravely and flushing the snow with delicate pinks.接着太阳出来了，
等到我坐下来吃早餐时，太阳的光彩已是绚烂夺目，给雪地添了一抹柔和的粉红色。
by the time＋从句(一般过去时)，主句时态为过去完成时。
by the time＋从句(一般现在时)，主句时态为一般将来时或将来完成时。
by the end of＋过去时间，句子时态为过去完成时。
by the end of＋将来时间，句子时态为将来完成时。
(1)By the time this letter reaches you，I will have left(leave) the country.
(2)By the time the doctor arrived at the spot，the patient had died(die)．
(3)He had finished(finish) reading Aesop’s Fables by the end of last year.
(4)Next year he will be 22 and he will graduate from Zhejiang University.
＝By the time he is 22，he will graduate from Zhejiang University.(用by the time引导的时间状
语从句改写)
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．launch
(1)NASA plans to launch a satellite to study cosmic rays. B
(2)He was poising himself to launch a final attack. C
(3)The new model will be launched in July. A
2．stand by
(1)He would not stand by and let his pet project be killed off. B
(2)The troops are standing by and will not withdraw. A
(3)We should stand by our promises under any circumstances. C
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)He indicated the door with a sweep of his arm. 挥动，舞动 ( 手、臂等 )
(2)Suddenly he found himself awake and fully alert.警觉的
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．John，rather than his roommates，is(be) to blame for the pollution of the pond.2．That was really a puzzling problem；no wonder the architect looked puzzled.(puzzle)
3．And with a trembling(tremble) hand，he dropped the letters into the postbox.
4. Superb news came that dozens of volunteers had been assigned to dispose of the garbage in the
waterfront.
5．Although rejected，James insisted on heading(head) for the manager’s office to explain
what had happened.
6．I reckon that children shouldn’t be banned from being exposed(expose) to nature，which
they will take inspiration from.
7．Both of us are passionate(passion) about botanical concepts and learning them can bring us a
sense of fulfilment.
8．Recently a campaign has been launched(launch) by physicians to raise people’s awareness
of physical and mental health.
假定你是李华，你的英国笔友Mike一直想来中国旅游，请你写信向他推荐一个旅游景点，
内容包括：
1.推荐景点；
2.提供帮助；
3.表达祝愿。
完成句子
1．得知你一直盼望着来中国旅游，我非常高兴。(more than)
2．我写这封信是为了向你推荐四川，它被认为是一个旅游景点丰富的必去之地。
(regard...as；过去分词短语作定语)
3．我坚持认为你应该去九寨沟看看，那里以美丽清澈的湖泊和建于 2 000多年前的都江堰
水利工程而闻名。(insist；定语从句)
4．当你来中国的时候，我会尽我所能帮助你的旅行。(by the time引导的时间状语从句)
5．如果你对任何事情感到困惑，请毫不犹豫地与我联系。(be puzzled at)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。参考范文
Dear Mike，
How is everything going？I am more than glad to learn that you have been looking forward to
traveling to China.As a consequence，I am writing to recommend Sichuan Province regarded as a
must-see place rich in tourist attractions.I insist that you should visit Jiuzhaigou which is famous
for its beautiful and clear lakes and the Dujiangyan Irrigation Project which was built over 2,000
years ago.Both of the two places of interest are so well preserved that you can have a feast for your
eyes.In addition，by the time you come to China，I will do whatever I can to help with your trip.
If you are puzzled at anything，please contact me without hesitation.I wish you all the best on
your upcoming adventure，and I truly hope you enjoy your visit to China.Looking forward to your
early reply!
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
教材语料整合
[情感描写] glare；innocent；gentle；puzzled；tremble；passionate
亮词 [环境描写] sparkle；prospect；redden；flake；bend；bloom；charm；
bleak；fade；cluster；sweep；tinge；throb；marine
1.I was nearly as excited about it this morning as the children，whom I found all
looking through the window at the magic outside and talking away as excitedly as
if Christmas had suddenly come round again.(情感描写)
2．But the snow is falling heavily，in great soft flakes，so that you can hardly
美句
see across the shallow valley，and the roofs are thick and the trees all bending，
and the weathercock of the village church，still to be seen through the grey loaded
air，has become some creature out of Hans Andersen.(环境描写)
3．Many people spoke of them，puzzled and disturbed.(情感描写)
拓展语料积累 日、月、星等自然环境描写
The beach was bathed in the amber-like sunshine.海滩沐浴在琥珀般的阳光下。
On the top of the mountain tourists can enjoy the beautiful sunrise，which is like a
日
句 red face，with their eyes sparkling with excitement.在山顶上，游客可以欣赏到美
、
型
丽的日出，日出就像一张红扑扑的脸，他们的眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。
月
The strong sun on my black hair would burn me in minutes if I couldn’t find
shelter.如果我找不到遮蔽，强烈的阳光照在我的黑发上，几分钟内就会把我晒伤。
Through a small window，a faint gleam appeared.One by one the stars went out.The
sky lightened.透过一扇小窗户，一束微弱的光线照了进来。星星一颗接一颗地
熄灭了。天空变亮了。
The sky was dotted with sparkling stars.闪闪发光的星星点缀着天空。
She stared at the starry sky，lost in thought.她凝视着繁星点点的天空，陷入了沉
星 思。
星 The sky，midnight blue，gave the scene of a fairytale quality，and the stars that
dotted the sky lit up the night.深蓝色的天空给人一种童话般的感觉，其间点缀着
的星星照亮了夜空。
The icy wind started howling，cutting my face like a sharp knife.寒风开始呼啸，
像一把锋利的刀划破我的脸。
风 She hated the wind which rushed at her face and roared and held her back as if it
were some giant she could not see.她讨厌迎面扑来的怒吼着拦住她的风，那风就
好似一个她看不见的巨人。
The rain was down in buckets./It rained cats and dogs.大雨倾盆。
雨 The dreadful rain was beating wildly against the windows.可怕的雨猛烈地拍打着
窗户。
The pure feathery snowflakes were dancing gracefully in the air.洁白如羽毛的雪花
在空中翩翩起舞。
Snow blanketed every rooftop and weighed on the branches of old trees.雪覆盖了每
雪 一个屋顶，压在老树枝上。
It’s dark now and the snow is still falling，clumps of wet flakes drifting
mindlessly down，the air moist，the sidewalk mushy underfoot.现在天黑了，雪
还在下，一团团的雪花随风飘落，空气潮湿，人行道泥泞不堪。
The air was thick and still，like we were inside a cloud.空气沉闷，就像我们在云
天
里似的。
空
Dark clouds massed on the horizon.天边乌云密布。
语料运用 泰山之美
Mount Tai，a mountain of historical and cultural significance，is located in the north of the
city of Tai’an in Shandong Province ， China.Mount Tai ， one of the “Five Great
Mountains”，is often regarded as the foremost of the five.①Passionate visitors are amazed at the
picturesque scenery of Mount Tai.②On the top of the mountain tourists can enjoy the beautiful
sunrise ， which is like a red face ， with their eyes sparkling with excitement (比喻句；with的复合
结构)．The sun changes from red to bright red and then to golden.③The whole mountain is bathed
in the golden sunlight.泰山位于中国山东省泰安市北部，是一座具有历史和文化意义的山。泰山是“五岳”之
一，常被认为是五岳之首。热情的游客惊叹于泰山如画的景色。在山顶上，游客可以欣赏到
美丽的日出，日出就像一张红扑扑的脸，他们的眼睛里闪烁着兴奋的光芒。太阳从红色变成
亮红色，然后变成金色。整座山都沐浴在金色的阳光下。
高考题型组合练 36
提示：带★的文章和单元主题相关
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
At all hours of the day，white-aproned bakers occupy themselves in working in the Hot Bread
Kitchen，throwing flour across butcher block tables，filling metal trays with hand-shaped bread，
and shifting steaming，fresh bread to cooling shelves.The only bodies at rest in this New York City
bakery are pans with bread，waiting to be sent into the oven.The skilled bakers turn out around 25
varieties ranging from classic French baguettes to crisp Armenian lavash crackers which they sell at
farmers’ markets and gourmet stores.
But Hot Bread Kitchen is more than a bakery.It’s a nonprofit designed to give foreign-born
women the skills and support they need to establish careers in the culinary arts.Overseeing daily
operation of the place and often rolling up her own shirtsleeves to involve in is 35-year-old founder
and CEO Jessamyn Rodriguez.
By mixing her lifelong passion for society with great food，Rodriguez says she has created
her dream job.In 2008，Rodriguez launched the bakery in the small Brooklyn apartment she shared
with roommates，hiring two immigrant women as her first bakers.“I was definitely breaking new
ground，and we faced a lot of skeptics，” she says of those early days.“But for every person
who questioned it，there were five people who were interested in supporting us.” Today，Hot
Bread Kitchen employs a staff of 35 and occupies a nearly 5,000-square-foot space in La
Marqueta，a public market in East Harlem.
The women who bake and package Hot Bread Kitchen’s offerings range in age from 21 to
60.Coming from lands such as Haiti，Nepal，and the Dominican Republic，some have lived in
the U．S.for as little as a year.Others，including production manager Antonia Garcia，who is
originally from Mexico，have called America home for more than a decade.These women’s
diverse homelands are reflected in many of the bakery’s products，like heritage tortillas and the
wildly popular m’smen，a buttery bread.
The program has far surpassed Rodriguez’s original hopes.Since its humble beginnings，
Hot Bread Kitchen has trained 27 women from 12 countries.They receive paid ，on-the-job
experience，as well as courses in bakery sciences，and English as part of a year-long training
program.语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了 Jessamyn Rodriguez建立了非营利组织Hot
Bread Kitchen来为移民女性提供职业机会，并介绍了这一组织的一些特点。
1．What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?
A．Constant activity of skilled workers.
B．Varieties of fresh baked goods.
C．Many different types of equipment used in bakeries.
D．Difficult working conditions of bakery employees.
答案 A
解析 段落大意题。根据第一段中的“At all hours of the day，white-aproned bakers occupy
themselves in working...throwing flour across butcher block tables，filling metal trays with hand-
shaped bread，and shifting steaming...”可知，第一段主要讲了熟练工人的持续活动。故选
A。
2．Which of the following can best describe Jessamyn Rodriguez?
A．Adventurous and modest.
B．Ambitious and gifted.
C．Hard-working and courageous.
D．Devoted but stubborn.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Overseeing daily operation of the place and often rolling
up her own shirtsleeves to involve in is 35-year-old founder and CEO Jessamyn Rodriguez.”以及
第三段中的“‘I was definitely breaking new ground，and we faced a lot of skeptics，’ she
says of those early days.”可推知，Jessamyn Rodriguez勤奋且勇敢。故选C。
3．How does the author establish the diversity of Hot Bread Kitchen?
A．By describing the courses offered to employees.
B．By introducing the backgrounds of the employees.
C．By describing the bakery’s location at La Marqueta.
D．By introducing the bakery’s development since 2008.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“The women who bake and package Hot Bread
Kitchen’s offerings range in age from 21 to 60.Coming from lands such as...These women’s
diverse homelands are reflected in many of the bakery’s products，like...”可知，作者通过介
绍员工的不同背景来建立Hot Bread Kitchen的多样性。故选B。
4．What is the main idea of the article?
A．Employees from diverse homelands produce various products.
B．The hard-working women have helped Hot Bread Kitchen develop quickly.C．Rodriguez became a successful baker after establishing Hot Bread Kitchen.
D．Hot Bread Kitchen provides professional opportunities for immigrant women.
答案 D
解析 主旨大意题。通读全文，根据第二段“But Hot Bread Kitchen is more than a
bakery.It’s a nonprofit designed to give foreign-born women the skills and support they need to
establish careers in the culinary arts.”可知，这篇文章的主旨是Hot Bread Kitchen为移民女性
提供职业机会。故选D。
B(★)
The sounds of the Northern Lights have been a mystery to scientists for over a century.But
now it seems that a researcher has figured out how auroras(极光) really make sounds.
“It has pretty much been confirmed all over the world，” historian Fiona Amery said.“In
Canada，Norway and Russia，they are all hearing very much the same sounds.”
“The auroras can occur hundreds of kilometers above the ground ，which strengthens
opinions that their sounds are just a false impression，” said Fiona.Many scientists argued that
auroras were too far away to hear and that any sound would take several minutes to reach the
ground，so it was impossible for them to change in time with the auroras.
However，other scientists were convinced that the Northern Lights really made sounds.In the
1920s，Canadian astronomer Clarence Chant first suggested a mechanism by which they could
occur：The motion of the aurora caused changes in the electrification of the atmosphere that
created crackling sounds close to the ground.Almost 100 years later，Clarence’s suggestion
seems close to what could be the true reason for the sounds.
In 2012，an expert named Unto Laine showed a recording of auroral sounds after years of
monitoring auroras.In 2016，he announced the mechanism that makes the sounds：an inversion
layer(逆温层) of cold air in the atmosphere that can form below an aurora and a short distance
above the ground in calm weather.
Unto argues that visible changes in the aurora cause changes in the inversion layer，causing
accumulated electricity to discharge as sparks(火花) that create sounds that can be heard.That
explains how the sounds correspond with the aurora’s visible movements—they begin to happen
in the inversion layer only about 75 meters above the observer.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。北极光是否会发声对科学家来说一直是个谜，但现在有研究
证实了北极光是能够发声的。
5．What is the primary subject of Fiona’s statement in paragraph 2?
A．The existence of the sounds of the Northern Lights.
B．The need to make full use of the Northern Lights.
C．The problems caused by the Northern Lights.
D．The cause of the Northern Lights.答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第二段“‘It has pretty much been confirmed all over the
world...all hearing very much the same sounds.’”可推知，第二段中Fiona所说的话主要表明
北极光的声音是存在的。故选A。
6．What can we learn about Clarence’s suggestion in the 1920s?
A．It matched a lot of old ideas.
B．It was well recognized then.
C．It might be of great value.
D．It was a total failure.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第四段的“Almost 100 years later，Clarence’s suggestion
seems close to what could be the true reason for the sounds.”可知，他在20世纪20年代提出的
推测似乎接近极光产生声音的真正原因，所以它有很大的价值。故选C。
7．How does the author convey his idea in the text?
A．By listing research numbers.
B．By making comparisons.
C．By providing explanations.
D．By giving examples.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据文章第二段、文章第四段“In the 1920s，Canadian astronomer
Clarence Chant first suggested...”和文章倒数第二段“In 2012，an expert named Unto Laine
showed a recording of auroral sounds...”可知，文章列举了Fiona Amery、Clarence Chant等人
对北极光发声问题的研究，所以作者是通过举例的方法来表达他的观点的。故选D。
8．Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A．Can We Enjoy the Northern Lights?
B．Do the Northern Lights Make Sounds?
C．Why Should We Study the Northern Lights?
D．How Do the Northern Lights Come into Being?
答案 B
解析 标题归纳题。通读全文并结合文章第一段“The sounds of the Northern Lights have
been a mystery...a researcher has figured out how auroras(极光) really make sounds.”可知，文章
主要是围绕对“北极光的声音”这一谜团的研究展开。故B选项是最佳标题。故选B。
Ⅱ.完形填空
Chick-fil-A is known for their incredible customer service.But the restaurants often find
special ways to 1 in times of crisis，too.And this North Carolina Chick-fil-A helpedHurricane Florence relief 2 by opening its doors on Sunday.
You’ll always hear “My pleasure” from Chick-fil-A 3 when they serve you.And the
Wilmington，North Carolina Chick-fil-A，owned by Donovan and Nikki Carless，was quick to
serve locals on Sunday after Hurricane Florence left thousands of people 4 .
By then，the hurricane had already 5 the lives of 43 people.Rescue missions 6
around 5,000 people from dangerous conditions.And the Governor of North Carolina ，Roy
Cooper，announced that floodwaters were still a(n) 7 to the state.
With this in mind，the restaurant owners asked their employees who would be 8 to serve
food on Sunday.It’s a day the company usually closes.But on this particular Sunday，the doors
opened and served the miserable 9 .
According to ABC News 11，the team 10 the opportunity to help. 11 the Red
Cross，the team was able to give 500 sandwiches and 1,200 biscuits at three different 12
.Other fast-food chains also 13 in rescue work.And this is 14 what community is all
about.In times like these，it’s always 15 to see businesses put their bottom dollar aside and
instead look to see how they can give back.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文，主要介绍了快餐连锁店ChickfilA在周日开门帮助救援在飓
风“佛罗伦萨”中受灾的灾民的故事。
1．A.remain B．respond
C．reflect D．refresh
答案 B
解析 根据下文“And this North Carolina Chick-fil-A helped Hurricane Florence relief
by opening its doors on Sunday.”可知，Chick-fil-A在危难开头也经常能找到特殊的方法作出
反应。故选B。
2．A.effort B．fund
C．supplies D．staff
答案 A
解析 根据下文“serve locals on Sunday after Hurricane Florence...”可知，Chick-fil-A 周日
开门营业，帮助佛罗伦萨飓风后的救援工作。relief effort指的是救援工作。故选A。
3．A.leaders B．residents
C．colleagues D．employees
答案 D
解析 根据下文“when they serve you”可知，此处指的是 Chick-fil-A 的雇员。故选D。
4．A.motionless B．fearless
C．homeless D．speechless
答案 C
解析 根据常识可知，此处指飓风使成千上万人无家可归。故选C。5．A.claimed B．lost
C．confirmed D．dominated
答案 A
解析 claim(灾难﹑事故等)夺去(生命)；lose丢失；confirm证实；dominate支配，控制。根
据句中“the lives of 43 people”可知，此处指飓风夺走了43人的生命。故选A。
6．A.hid B．separated
C．recovered D．distinguished
答案 C
解析 根据句中“from dangerous conditions”可知，此处指将大约5 000人从危险的环境中
救出。recover 指“找回；寻回；找到”，符合语境。故选C。
7．A.warning B．threat
C．reminder D．interruption
答案 B
解析 根据下文“With this in mind，the restaurant owners asked their employees who would be
to serve food on Sunday.”可推知，洪水对该州来说仍然是威胁。故选B。
8．A.proud B．reliable
C．curious D．willing
答案 D
解析 根据下文“It’s a day the company usually closes.”可推知，此处指餐馆老板询问了谁
愿意在周日来餐厅为难民提供食物。故选D。
9．A.victims B．villagers
C．rescuers D．attackers
答案 A
解析 根据常识可知，在灾难面前，人们是受害者。故选A。
10．A.opened up B．waited for
C．benefited from D．jumped at
答案 D
解析 open up开放；wait for等待；benefit from从……中受益；jump at欣然接受。根据上
文可知，餐馆老板询问了谁愿意在周日来餐厅为难民提供食物，此处指员工们欣然接受了这
个提供帮助的机会。故选D。
11．A.In command of B．In reward for
C．In association with D．In contrast to
答案 C
解析 in command of指挥；in reward for作为报答；in association with联合；in contrast to
与……对比。根据句意可知，此处指该团队与红十字会联合。故选C。12．A.companies B．habitats
C．shelters D．settlements
答案 C
解析 结合上文提到飓风“佛罗伦萨”导致数千人无家可归可知，该团队和红十字会联合，
在三个不同的避难处提供三明治和饼干。故选C。
13．A.engaged B．delighted
C．succeeded D．invested
答案 A
解析 根据also可推知，此处指其他快餐连锁店也参与了救援工作。engage (sb) in(使某人)
参加或从事某事。故选A。
14．A.merely B．surely
C．probably D．truly
答案 D
解析 根据上文“...the team was able to give 500 sandwiches and 1,200 biscuits at three different
.Other fast-food chains also...”可知，这就是社区的真正意义所在。故选D。
15．A.challenging B．inspiring
C．astonishing D．puzzling
答案 B
解析 challenging具有挑战性的；inspiring鼓舞人心的；astonishing令人惊讶的；puzzling
令人困惑的。通读全文可知，在类似这样的时刻，看到企业不顾自己的利益转而寻求如何回
报社会的行为是令人鼓舞的。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Traditional tea processing techniques and their associated social practices in China were added
to UNESCO’s Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity on November
29th.This unique culture,1. (compose) of knowledge，skills and practices
concerning management of tea plantations，picking of tea leaves，and the processing，drinking
and sharing of tea ，is the 43th entry from China on the list ，whose total tops all other
countries.The tea that 2. (appeal) to the world for thousands of years finally
received top-level global 3. (recognize) as a shared cultural treasure of mankind.
According to UNESCO，in China traditional tea processing techniques are 4. (close)
associated with geographical location and natural environment，resulting 5. six
categories in China—green，black，yellow，oolong，white and dark.
6． an official document explained，tea is a fundamental cultural element to
Chinese people’s daily life.Practices of greeting guests with tea and building good relationships
through tea-related activities 7. (share) among multiple ethnic groups，and provide 8.
sense of identity and continuity for communities，groups and 9. (individual)concerned.
In China，it is reported that over 40 vocational colleges and 80 universities have set up
majors in tea science or tea culture，with over 3,000 graduates 10. (specialize) in tea
production and art every year.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了中国传统茶叶加工工艺及其相关习俗被列入了
联合国教科文组织人类非物质文化遗产代表作名录。
1．答案 composed
解析 考查非谓语动词。句中已有谓语动词is，所以空处应用非谓语动词。be composed of
意为“由……组成”，在句中作culture的定语，所以用过去分词。故填composed。
2．答案 has appealed
解析 考查动词时态。根据时间状语for thousands of years可知，that引导的定语从句的谓语
动词应用现在完成时，先行词that指代名词The tea，为不可数名词，且that在从句中作主语，
所以从句中助动词应用has。故填has appealed。
3．答案 recognition
解析 考查名词。形容词global后接名词形式。故填recognition。
4．答案 closely
解析 考查副词。空处应用副词修饰动词短语be associated with，作状语。故填closely。
5．答案 in
解析 考查介词。固定短语result in意为“导致”。故填in。
6．答案 As
解析 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，本句为 as引导的非限制性定语从句，as意为“正
如”，指代后面整个主句，作explained的宾语。故填As。
7．答案 are shared
解析 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。陈述客观事实，用一般现在时；主语Practices与
share之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态；主语Practices为可数名词复数，所以后面的谓语
动词应用are。故填are shared。
8．答案 a
解析 考查冠词。固定短语a sense of意为“一种……的感觉”。故填a。
9．答案 individuals
解析 考查名词复数。名词individual为可数名词，根据并列名词communities和groups可
知，空处应用名词的复数形式。故填individuals。
10．答案 specializing
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，这里为 with的复合结构。介词with后的宾语
over 3,000 graduates与specialize之间为主动关系，所以用现在分词，作宾语补足语。故填
specializing。
