文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．pyramid n．金字塔
2．canal n．运河
3．tropical adj.来自热带的；产于热带的
4．cyclone n．气旋；旋风
5．megadrought n．超级干旱
6．downfall n．衰败
7．getaway n．逃跑，逃走
8．subdue v．克制，抑制(情绪)
9．the unknown不为人知的地方，人类尚未到达的地方
10．uncharted adj.地图上没有标明的
11．delve v．探索，探究
12．shipwreck n．失事的船；沉船
13．archaeological adj.考古学的；考古的
14．coral n．珊瑚
15．millimetre n．毫米
16．barreleye n．管眼鱼
17．upwards adv.向上，朝上
18．trench n．海沟
19．equivalent adj.等同的；等值的；相当的
20．stack v．(使)整齐地堆起；摞起
21．furthermore adv.此外；而且；不仅如此
22．vessel n．船；舰
23．vol(＝volume) n．(书的)卷，册Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．intrigue v．(因奇特或神秘而)激起……的兴趣，引起……的好奇心
2．bury v．将……埋在下面
3．ruin n．残垣断壁，废墟
4．dismiss v．拒绝考虑，否定
5．retreat v．后退；离开；退避
6．shrink v．退缩，畏缩
7．substance n．物质
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．civilisation n．文明(社会)→civilise v．使文明；使有教养→civilised adj.文明的
2．astronomy n．天文学→astronaut n．宇航员
3．abandon v．离弃，逃离→abandoned adj.被抛弃的；废弃的
4．expansion n．扩大；增加→expand v．扩大；增加
5．investigation n．调查→investigate v．调查；研究
6．notable adj.显要的；显著的；值得注意的→note v．注意；特别提到
7．drilling n．钻探；勘探→drill v．钻孔；打眼；操练
1．glamorous /'ɡlæmərəs/ adj.有魅力的；富于刺激的；独特的
2．analytical /ˌænə'lItIkl/ adj.(科学)分析的；头脑周密的
3．signature /'sIɡnətʃə(r)/ n．签名；签署；明显特征
4．enforcement /In'fɔːsmənt/ n．(强制)执行；强迫
5．discard /dIs'kɑːd/ vt.扔掉；抛弃
6．exceedingly /Ik'siːdIŋli/ adv.极其；非常
7．relentless /rI'lentləs/ adj.不停的；不放弃的；无情的
8．retrieve /rI'triːv/ vt.取回；索回；检索(数据)
9．shove /ʃʌv/ vi.& vt.猛推；推挤
shove (sth) through将某物用力塞进
10．conceal /kən'siːl/ vt.隐瞒；掩盖
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．fall into ruin (因无人照料而)衰落，败落
2．make a getaway逃跑，逃走
3．run for one’s life 逃命
4．check out调查，检查5．test the waters试水，试探
6．steer clear of避开……；从……处脱身
7．set out动身踏上(漫长的)旅途
8．throw oneself into积极投入到……中去
9．think twice再三考虑，慎重考虑
10．shrink from避免做，不愿做
11．look into调查(问题)
12．correspond to与……相符/一致
13．apply...to... 把……应用于……
14．on top of除……之外(还)
15．at something’s peak达到顶峰
16．offer a window into提供了解……的一个窗口/渠道
17．beyond the reach of超出……的能力范围
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．It contained more than 800 characters，with some signs representing animals，people and
objects and others representing syllables.(with复合结构)
它包含800多个字符，一些符号代表动物、人和物体，另一些符号代表音节。
2．The fact that Maya society was technologically primitive makes its achievements all the
more incredible and mysterious.(that引导同位语从句)
玛雅社会的科技水平十分原始，这一事实使得它的种种成就更加令人难以置信、神秘莫测。
3．Meanwhile，the rise and fall of this civilisation must also leave us thinking about our own
past，present and future.(leave＋宾语＋宾补)
同时，玛雅文明的崛起与衰落必定也让我们思考我们自己的过去、现在与将来。
4．Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million shipwrecks.(完全倒装)
全球水域下大约沉睡着三百万艘沉船残骸。
5．Furthermore，the oceans are a valuable source of natural resources，some of which are
completely new to us.(“代词＋介词＋关系代词”引导定语从句)
此外，海洋还包含着珍贵的自然资源，其中一些对我们来说完全是新的资源。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共15分)
1．pyramid n．金字塔
2．canal n．运河
3．tropical adj.来自热带的；产于热带的
4．downfall n．衰败5．getaway n．逃跑，逃走
6．subdue v． 克制，抑制 ( 情绪 )
7．shipwreck n．失事的船；沉船
8．archaeological adj.考古学的；考古的
9．uncharted adj.地图上没有标明的
10．equivalent adj.等同的；等值的；相当的
11．furthermore adv.此外；而且；不仅如此
12．delve v．探索，探究
13．upwards adv.向上，朝上
14．the unknown不为人知的地方，人类尚未到达的地方
15．coral n．珊瑚
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共12分)
1．intrigue v．(因奇特或神秘而)激起……的兴趣，引起……的好奇心
2．bury v．将……埋在下面
3．ruin n．残垣断壁，废墟
4．dismiss v．拒绝考虑，否定
5．retreat v．后退；离开；退避
6．shrink v．退缩，畏缩
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分)
1．civilisation n．文明(社会)→civilise v．使文明；使有教养→civilised adj.文明的
2．abandon v．离弃，逃离→abandoned adj.被抛弃的；废弃的
3．drilling n．钻探；勘探→drill v．钻孔；打眼；操练
4．expansion n．扩大；增加→expand v．扩大；增加
5．notable adj.显要的；显著的；值得注意的→note v．注意；特别提到
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．analytical adj. ( 科学 ) 分析的；头脑周密的
2．enforcement n． ( 强制 ) 执行；强迫
3．discard vt.扔掉；抛弃
4．conceal vt.隐瞒；掩盖
5．signature n．签名；签署；明显特征
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共16分)
1．make a getaway逃跑，逃走
2．run for one’s life 逃命
3．check out 调查，检查4．think twice 再三考虑，慎重考虑
5．correspond to 与……相符/一致
6．apply...to... 把……应用于……
7．steer clear of 避开 …… ；从 …… 处脱身
8．on top of 除 …… 之外 ( 还 )
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题3分，共12分)
1．Experts went there，investigated the issue and conducted tests，which might push the
investigation and contribute to the solution to the problem.(investigate)
2．His workmates noted that he made notable contributions to the community.(note)
3．More and more astronauts travel in space and their work fuels the advances and development
in astronomy.(astronaut)
4．The people there abandoned the city.Then the abandoned city gradually fell into ruin.
(abandon)
Ⅱ. 选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．Since her husband died，she’s thrown herself into her writing career.
2．Upon arriving at home，the boy set out to help his mother clean the room.
3．We are proud that no matter how big the difficulties ahead are，we’ll never shrink from
them.
4．The police are looking for some useful clues of the accident so that they can look into the
matter further.
5．She went through a period of emotional adjustment after her company fell into ruins and finally
decided to find a new job.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分)
1．他们提倡简单的生活，强调努力工作、家庭和社区。(with复合结构)
They advocate a simple life with an emphasis on hard work ， family ， and community .
2．这些宝藏已被送往大英博物馆，其中有一些是失而复得的。(“代词＋介词＋关系代词”
引导的定语从句)
The treasures，some of which have been recovered，have been sent to the British Museum.
3．出席晚会的有我们最喜欢的英语老师。(完全倒装)
Present at the evening party was our favorite English teacher.
4．他的计划被认为毫无用处，这使他感到沮丧和气馁。(leave＋宾语＋宾补)
His plan was dismissed as useless，leaving him frustrated and discouraged.
5．很多专家持有相同的观点——教师的发展是更优质教育的关键所在。(that引导同位语从
句)Many experts hold the same view that teachers ’ development is what the key to better education
lies in.
While diving in the deep waters of a trench，some divers happened to find a whole city
1.buried(bury) beneath the waves as well as a shipwreck 2.which/that was full of corals.This
3.discovery(discover) intrigued some archaeologists.They 4.immediately(immediate) threw
themselves into studying the history of the city and 5.how it fell into ruin.In the middle of the
investigation，they suddenly found some 6.mysterious(mystery) creatures swimming around
them.They subdued their fear and 7.continued(continue) their investigation.But with the
expansion of the number of these strange creatures，they realized a notable problem—8.it was
not safe to continue staying in the water.After thinking 9.twice(two)，they decided to stop
10.delving(delve) deeper and abandon the city as well as the ship，retreat and make a
getaway.After all，life is the most important.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
bury v．把……埋在下面；埋葬；埋藏；使陷入；覆盖；隐藏
bury oneself in埋头于；专心于
be buried in专心于；被埋在……
bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面
(1)那个小女孩双手掩面，大声地对全班同学叫道：“没人爱我。”
①That little girl buried her face in her hands and said loud enough for the class to
hear，“Nobody loves me.”
②Burying her face in her hands，that little girl said loud enough for the class to hear，“Nobody
loves me.”(用分词短语作状语改写)
(2)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)我每天专心读英文报并获得了丰富多彩的知识。
①I bury myself in/am buried in reading the English newspaper every day and I have gained lots of
colorful knowledge.
②Burying myself in/Buried in reading the English newspaper every day，I have gained lots of
colorful knowledge.(用分词短语作状语改写)
ruin n．毁坏；破产；(pl.)废墟；断壁残垣 v．毁坏；使破产
·in ruins严重受损；破败不堪；崩溃，垮掉
come/fall into ruin(因缺乏照料而)衰落，败落bring...to ruin使……失败；使……毁坏
·ruin oneself毁掉自己
(1)Carl cares about nothing and he doesn’t dismiss that he has made the farm fall into ruin.
(2)突如其来的地震把我们的城市毁了。看到我们的城市变成废墟，我们双手掩面，痛哭起
来。
The unexpected earthquake ruined our city/brought our city to ruin.Seeing our city in ruins，we
buried our faces in our hands，bursting into tears.
(3)玩电脑游戏太久几乎毁了我自己，我已经下定决心要摆脱它。
Playing computer games for too long has nearly ruined myself and I have made up my mind to get
rid of it.
abandon v．放弃；遗弃，抛弃，离弃；逃离；(使)沉湎于 n．放任；放纵(abandoned
adj.被抛弃的；废弃的；放纵的)
·abandon oneself to陷入；沉溺于
abandon doing...放弃做……
·with abandon尽情地，放纵地
·be abandoned to沉湎于……
(1)His parents urged him to abandon playing(play) computer games and throw himself into his
lessons.
(2)(读后续写之情感描写)我们放纵地唱歌、跳舞、大笑，忘却了生活中的烦恼。
We sang ， danced ， and laughed with abandon ，forgetting the troubles in our lives.
(3)我沉迷于网上聊天。我期末考试考得很差。
①I abandoned myself to/was abandoned to chatting online.I performed badly in the end-of-term
examination.
②Abandoning myself to/Abandoned to chatting online，I performed badly in the end-of-term
examination.(用分词短语作状语改写)
set out 出发；动身踏上(漫长的)旅途
set down放下；记下；登记；让……下车
set aside留出；把……放置一旁；暂时不考虑；撤销
set off出发；引起；点燃
set up建立；准备；安排
set about doing sth着手做某事
set out to do sth着手做某事(1)Moreover，with the stadium set up，a wide range of sports events are able to be held.
(2)(应用文写作之活动安排)我们学校呼吁学生每天留出至少一小时的时间去锻炼身体以提高
学习效率。
Our school appeals to the students to set aside at least an hour every day to take exercise in order
to improve learning efficiency.
(3)(应用文写作之口头通知)请注意！我们将于周日上午8点在学校门口出发去养老院，一到
那里，我们就打算着手帮助老人。此外，在下午5点，我们计划回到我们的学校，写下我们
在一天中所经历的事情。
Attention，please！We’ll set off/out for the nursing house at 8 am on Sunday at the school gate
and the instant we arrive there，we have the intention of setting about helping/setting out to help
the elderly. Futhermore，at 5 pm we plan to return to our school，setting down what we have
experienced during the day.
完全倒装 Lying under waters across the globe are an estimated three million
shipwrecks.全球水域下大约沉睡着三百万艘沉船残骸。
常用完全倒装的几种情况：
·作表语的分词短语、形容词提到系动词前面时；
·表示方位、地点和时间的副词置于句首，且主语是名词时；
·表示地点的介词短语置于句首，且主语是名词时；
·代词such置于句首，且在句中作表语时。
(1)When I was looking at the door，in came(come) a girl，wearing a white skirt.
(2)(2023·浙江1月，读后续写)In the spiderwebs was(be) a hummingbird，struggling to escape
and I freed it with great care.
(3)在这些收藏品中有一些精美的中国花瓶，吸引着来自全世界的游客。
Among the collections are some delicate Chinese vases，which appeal to visitors from all over the
world.
(4)(话题写作之人物介绍)这就是我的叔叔，一个热心而慷慨的人，他总是准备帮助在困难中
的其他人。
Such is my uncle，a warm-hearted and generous person，who is always ready to help others in
trouble.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．check outA．调查；了解……的情况 B．检查 C．结账离开
(1)The engineer checked out all the machines before they were put to use. B
(2)According to regulations of this hotel，guests should check out of their rooms by noon. C
(3)We’ll have to check him out before we employ him. A
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)My sweater shrank in the wash.缩水
(2)Dismissing her fears，she climbed higher.去除
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．To everyone’s frustration and sorrow，the terrible earthquake made the whole city in
ruins.
2．Lying on the floor are(be) two boys dismissed as dishonest owing to being suspected of theft.
3．The police have interfered with the complaint，and now they are looking into it in the hope
of solving it soon.
4．Buried(bury) in the newspaper，she didn’t notice a thief steal her purse.
5．Abandoning(abandon) himself to alcohol，the man barely made ends meet and went into
debt.
6. Thereby，don’t leave the water running(run) when you brush your teeth，which can save
much water.
7．Despite being dizzy，the hard-working chairwoman still set out to write(write) a sales
report.
假如你是市博物馆的志愿者李华，你向来自美国的交换生介绍恐龙灭绝的原因。对于恐龙灭
绝的原因，众说纷纭，其中有三种说法最为可信，它们是气候突变、大陆漂移和物种斗争。
完成句子
1．在所有关于恐龙灭绝原因的不同观点中有三个较可靠的观点。(完全倒装)
2．地球气候的突然变化使它们毁灭，恐龙因严寒而被活活冻死。(bring...to ruin)
3．根据一些考古学家的记载，大陆漂移使陆地变成了海洋，但是恐龙不会游泳。(set
down；what引导的宾语从句)
4．新物种——恐龙的天敌——出现了，它们肆无忌惮地吃恐龙蛋，使恐龙无法繁殖后代。
(with abandon；现在分词短语作状语)5．随着时间的流逝，恐龙的尸体被埋在地下，成为化石，因而人类可以研究它们是如何产
生和从地球上消失的。(with复合结构；bury；so that)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Hello，everyone！I feel greatly honored to introduce how dinosaurs became extinct.
Among all the different opinions on the reasons for the extinction of dinosaurs are three
relatively reliable ones.Firstly，the sudden change of the earth’s climate brought them to ruin and
dinosaurs were frozen to death alive due to the severe cold.Secondly，according to what some
archaeologists set down，the continent drifts made the land become the ocean but dinosaurs
couldn’t swim.Thirdly，new species，dinosaurs’ natural enemies，emerged and ate dinosaur
eggs with abandon，making it impossible for dinosaurs to reproduce their babies.With time going
by，the bodies of dinosaurs are buried in the ground and become fossils so that human beings can
study how they came into being and disappeared from the planet.
That’s all.Thank you for your listening.
教材语料整合
[动作描写] abandon；run for one’s life；make a getaway；subdue；steer clear
of；retreat；set out；throw oneself into；look into；shrink
亮词
[环境描写] pyramid；canal；megadrought；ruin；the unknown；uncharted；
coral；trench；vessel
1.The Maya’s understanding of mathematics and astronomy was also quite amazing.
(情感描写)
美句
2．In these waters，more than 200 metres deep，where light cannot reach，are
extraordinary creatures that appear as if they are straight out of science fiction.(比喻句)
拓展语料积累 主题语境结尾升华技巧：成长类
写好成长类的读后续写通常有三个步骤：第一步，成长前的苦恼(负面情绪塑造)；第二步，
成长过程(蜕变塑造)；第三步，成长后的升华(喜悦＋感激＋升华)。这类主题的升华诀窍如
下：
诀窍一： As the old saying goes，it’s never too late to learn.Eachindividual has access to more challenges and make more
progress through great efforts.正如那句老话所说，活到老，
因学习知识而成长 学到老。每个人都有机会遇到更多的挑战，通过努力取得
更大的进步。
Only by finding your own talent and making more efforts can
诀窍二：
you make miracles in the end.只有找到自己的天赋，付出更
因发现天赋而成长
多的努力，你才能最终创造奇迹。
Only if we are brave enough to pursue our dreams can we
诀窍三：
realize what we are looking forward to.只有我们勇敢地去追
因追求梦想而成长
求我们的梦想，我们才能实现我们所期待的。
It takes determination and optimism to conquer our inner fear
诀窍四：
and turn our goals into reality.要克服我们内心的恐惧，把我
因克服恐惧而成长
们的目标变成现实，就需要决心和乐观。
I cracked a smile as I was finally aware of the real source of
confidence.At present，I take pride of what I like because I
诀窍五： have realized that it is your personality that determines who
因克服自卑而成长 you truly are.我笑了，因为我终于意识到自信的真正来
源。现在，我为我喜欢的东西感到骄傲，因为我意识到，
是你的个性决定了你是谁。
Never is the journey to success smooth.It is filled with
challenges and difficulties.We ought to be courageous enough
to face them.As long as we don’t quit and spare no effort to
诀窍六：
get over hardships，we will definitely achieve our ambitions.
因战胜困难而成长
成功之路无坦途。它充满了挑战和困难。我们应该勇敢地
面对它们。只要我们不放弃，不遗余力地克服困难，我们
一定会实现我们的抱负。
I can’t emphasize the importance of a positive attitude too
much.Neither can we change our past nor can we change
诀窍七：
facts.But what we can do is hold a positive attitude.我再怎么
因战胜消极而成长
强调积极态度的重要性也不为过。我们既不能改变过去，
也不能改变事实。但我们能做的就是保持积极的态度。
语料运用 深海探险
I have been throwing myself into reading awesome undersea adventure stories，dreaming of
becoming a deep-sea explorer.Once the main characters came across difficulties，neither would
they retreat ①nor would they run for their lives as soon as possible(倒装句)．Instead，they tried
their best to look into the mysterious deep sea.In no way would they ②abandon exploring the
colorful deep sea.Unless they were at the risk of losing their lives，they wouldn’t retreat.Fromthe stories，③I am aware that never is the journey to success smooth.It is filled with challenges
and difficulties.We ought to be courageous enough to face them.④ As long as we don ’ t quit and
spare no effort to get over hardships ， we will definitely achieve our ambitions (主题升华句)．I
believe that with strong determination I can become a deep-sea explorer.
我一直沉迷于阅读精彩的海底冒险故事，梦想着成为一名深海探险家。一旦主人公们遇
到困难，他们既不会退缩，也不会尽快逃命。相反，他们尽了最大的努力去探索神秘的深海。
他们绝不会放弃探索多彩的深海。除非遇到生命危险，否则他们是不会撤退的。从这些故事
中，我知道通往成功的道路永远不会平坦。它充满了挑战和困难。我们应该勇敢地面对它们。
只要我们不放弃，不遗余力地克服困难，我们一定会实现我们的抱负。我相信，有了坚定的
决心，我可以成为一名深海探险家。
高考题型组合练 41
提示：带★的文章和单元主题相关
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2023·新课标 Ⅱ，A)
Yellowstone National Park offers a variety of ranger programs throughout the park，and
throughout the year.The following are descriptions of the ranger programs this summer.
Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone(May 26 to September 2)
Whether you’re hiking a backcountry trail(小径)，camping，or just enjoying the park’s
amazing wildlife from the road，this quick workshop is for you and your family.Learn where to
look for animals and how to safely enjoy your wildlife watching experience.Meet at the Canyon
Village Store.
Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics(June 5 to August 21)
Kids can test their skills and compare their abilities to the animals of Yellowstone.Stay for as
little or as long as your plans allow.Meet in front of the Visitor Education Center.
Canyon Talks at Artist Point(June 9 to September 2)
From a classic viewpoint，enjoy Lower Falls，the Yellowstone River，and the breathtaking
colors of the canyon(峡谷) while learning about the area’s natural and human history.Discover
why artists and photographers continue to be drawn to this special place.Meet on the lower
platform at Artist Point on the South Rim Drive for this short talk.
Photography Workshops(June 19 & July 10)
Enhance your photography skills—join Yellowstone’s park photographer for a hands-on
program to inspire new and creative ways of enjoying the beauty and wonder of Yellowstone.
6/19—Waterfalls & Wide Angles：meet at Artist Point.
7/10—Wildflowers & White Balance：meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parkingarea.
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了黄石国家公园提供的四个护林员项目。
1．Which of the four programs begins the earliest?
A．Photography Workshops.
B．Junior Ranger Wildlife Olympics.
C．Canyon Talks at Artist Point.
D．Experiencing Wildlife in Yellowstone.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据每个项目后的时间可知，四个项目中在黄石体验野生动物的项目开
始的时间最早。故选D。
2．What is the short talk at Artist Point about?
A．Works of famous artists.
B．Protection of wild animals.
C．Basic photography skills.
D．History of the canyon area.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据“Canyon Talks at Artist Point(June 9 to September 2)”部分中的
“From a classic viewpoint，enjoy Lower Falls，the Yellowstone River，and the breathtaking
colors of the canyon(峡谷) while learning about the area’s natural and human history.”可知，在
Artist Point简短演讲的主题是关于峡谷地区的历史的。故选D。
3．Where will the participants meet for the July 10 photography workshop?
A．Artist Point.
B．Washburn Trailhead.
C．Canyon Village Store.
D．Visitor Education Center.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据“Photography Workshops(June 19 & July 10)”部分中的“7/10—
Wildflowers & White Balance：meet at Washburn Trailhead in Chittenden parking area.”可知，7
月10日的摄影研讨会将在Washburn Trailhead举行。故选B。
B(★)
The ruins of a huge Maya city have been discovered in Guatemala with the help of the remote
sensing technique LiDAR，according to the National Geographic on Thursday.
This breakthrough was possible thanks to LiDAR sensors，which can survey landscapes in
3D by reflecting laser pulses off the ground from unmanned air vehicles and others.LiDAR is
exceptionally useful for detecting archeological sites(考古遗址)，as it gets through jungles and
other features that hold up exploration on the ground.The technique has been the activator(催化剂)of many discoveries in recent years.For instance ， major finds at Angkor ， Cambodia and
Caracol，Belize can explain what it did.
This large lost city envelops sites like Tikal ，Holmul，and Witzna—known for their
pyramids—but shows that these famous heritage areas are the tip of the iceberg of this lost urban
network.
Hidden under the jungles of the Maya Biosphere Reserve，more than 60,000 human-made
features—homes，canals，highways，some of which can even reach the modernized standard—
have been identified by an international cooperation of researchers headed by the PACUNAM
Foundation，a Maya cultural and natural heritage organization.Those have experts rethinking the
outlines and complexity of the Maya empire.
These ancient peoples obviously established these imaginative cultures based on their known
relics，but the new research has shown that the scale of this lost society is far beyond what experts
had imagined.The findings will be explored in an hour-long documentary called Lost Treasures of
the Maya Snake Kings，premiering(首映) Tuesday，February 6 on the National Geographic
Channel.
“There are entire cities we didn’t know about now showing up in the survey data，” said
Francisco Belli，one of the lead archeologists on the project.“There are 20,000 square kilometres
more to be explored and there are going to be hundreds of cities there that we don’t know about，
and we will push the frontiers，” he added.
语篇解读 这是一篇新闻报道，主要讲述了考古学家们利用LiDAR技术，在危地马拉发现
了一处巨大的玛雅城市遗址。
4．What can we know about LiDAR?
A．It’s a breakthrough in archeology.
B．It’s major equipment in air forces.
C．It was first used in discovering a Maya city.
D．It’s a remote sensing technique using laser pulses.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“with the help of the remote sensing technique LiDAR”
和第二段中的“which can survey landscapes in 3D by reflecting laser pulses off the ground from
unmanned air vehicles and others”可知，LiDAR是一项使用激光脉冲的遥感技术。故选D。
5．What does the underlined word “Those” in paragraph 4 refer to?
A．The jungles of the Reserve.
B．The outlines of the Maya empire.
C．The researchers of the organization.
D．The man-made projects of the Reserve.
答案 D解析 代词指代题。根据第四段“Hidden...，more than 60,000 human-made features—
homes，canals，highways，some of which can even reach the modernized standard—have been
identified by...”可知，画线代词Those指的是前文中提到的“玛雅生物保护区的6万多项人
造工程”。故选D。
6．Which of the following words can best describe the Maya empire?
A．Famous and dangerous.
B．Vast and highly developed.
C．Mountainous and aggressive.
D．Enormous and traditional.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段“This large lost city envelops sites...but shows that these
famous heritage areas are the tip of the iceberg...”和第四段“Hidden under the jungles of the
Maya Biosphere Reserve...some of which can even reach the modernized standard...rethinking the
outlines and complexity of the Maya empire.”可知，玛雅帝国疆域辽阔，且高度发达。故选
B。
7．What do archeologists hope to do next?
A．Restudy the history of Maya.
B．Use the LiDAR sensors as usual.
C．Continue to explore the unknown.
D．Study the documentary more carefully.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“‘There are 20,000 square kilometres more to be
explored and there are going to be hundreds of cities there that we don’t know about，and we
will push the frontiers，’ he added.”可知，考古人员将继续探索发掘未知的玛雅遗迹。故
选C。
C(★)
Satellites are already in use for so many purposes today—from weather forecasting to
communications，GPS，and more.
Since the late 1970s，satellites such as the European Space Agency’s(ESA) CryoSat-2 and
the US Space Agency’s ICESat-2，have also been used to monitor changes in the Arctic sea ice.
Data suggests that sea ice is thinning over time due to climate change.Over the last 40 years，
the extent of Arctic ice cover has been declining at a rate of 13% per decade.However，existing
ways of measurement do not provide a clear and continuous picture of the state of sea ice.
These satellites use special radar or laser-based altimeter instruments(雷达或激光测高仪)．
Sea ice thickness is then calculated as the difference between the height of the ice and the top of thewater (ice level－sea level)．This method works well during the winter months.
Unfortunately，satellite-based sea ice thickness measurements are inaccurate during the
summer months：the time of the year with the greatest melting.This melting creates a pool of
liquid water on the surface.As a result，the simple calculation (ice level－sea level) does not work
as radar systems are unable to differentiate between ocean water and ice ， thus making
measurements inaccurate.
Last September，scientists developed a new method to tackle this age-old issue.The new
method combined computer modeling and satellite data to predict ice thickness—all year
round.The research team led by Jack Landy，a scientist at the University of Tromsø (The Arctic
University of Norway)，used the new method to distinguish between seawater and ice.
The researchers built a model of the radar system’s predicted data and cross-referenced these
values to those collected by a satellite.This model allows the researchers to obtain accurate，year-
round Arctic sea ice thickness data.
According to Dr.Michel Tsamados from University College London ，the new advanced
climate model “will improve both the short-term forecasts for the weather at the mid-latitudes(中
纬度地区) and the long-term forecasts that show what climate we will have in the future.”
语篇解读 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了监测北极海冰变化的一种新方法。
8．What does the satellite data tell us?
A．The Arctic ice will no longer exist in four decades.
B．Sea ice cover is melting at a rate of 13% per year.
C．The ESA’s satellites provide clearer pictures.
D．Sea ice is becoming increasingly thinner.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“Data suggests that sea ice is thinning over time due to
climate change.”可知，卫星数据表明海冰正变得越来越薄。故选D。
9．What makes the ice level to sea level measurements inaccurate?
A．Inaction of the laser-based altimeter instruments in summer.
B．Radar systems’ inability to distinguish seawater from ice.
C．There being technical difficulty calculating the height of the ice.
D．There being no way to consistently detect melt pools on ice.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据 第五段 “Unfortunately ，satellite-based sea ice thickness
measurements...thus making measurements inaccurate.”可知，雷达系统无法区分海水和冰，这
使得冰面到海平面的测量不准确，故选B。
10．What does the new method aim to do?
A．Provide accurate forecasts for the weather.B．Replace satellites in monitoring sea ice changes.
C．Get a reliable summertime record of sea ice thickness.
D．Test the efficiency of machine learning in climate change.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“The researchers built a model of the radar system’s
predicted data and cross-referenced these values to those collected by a satellite.This model allows
the researchers to obtain accurate，year-round Arctic sea ice thickness data.”可知，新方法的目
的是获得可靠的夏季海冰厚度纪录。故选C。
11．What does Dr.Michel Tsamados think of the new model?
A．It will be useful in different ways.
B．It will prove environmentally friendly.
C．It has a short-term impact on climate research.
D．It needs improvement to predict the Arctic’s future.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段“According to Dr.Michel Tsamados from University College
London，the new advanced climate model ‘will improve both the short-term forecasts for the
weather at the mid-latitudes(中纬度地区) and the long-term forecasts that show what climate we
will have in the future.’”可知，萨马多斯博士认为这个新模型“将改善对中纬度地区天气
的短期预测和对未来气候的长期预测”，故可推断它将在不同的方面发挥作用。故选A。
Ⅱ.七选五
Navigation(导航) skills seem to come naturally to some—but others aren’t so lucky.If you
are lacking in a sense of direction，especially sick of taking wrong turns，here’s how to start
finding your way.
To begin with，I have to be frank that I have an interest in researching this topic because my
own sense of direction is absolutely rubbish. 1 I can find my way there easily enough because
there are signs pointing me in the right direction.But getting back to my dining table is another
story.After all，there are no helpful signs saying，“This is where you were sitting less than five
minutes ago，Jane.”
However，good news is that according to scientists the hippocampus(海马体)—the part of
the brain associated with navigation—expands to accommodate the mental maps of those who are
puzzled with directions. 2 They just need to work at it.
Firstly，it’s a good idea to put the GPS away.In a University of Nottingham study，drivers
who had followed step-by-step GPS instructions found it harder to work out where they’d been. 3
4 Not least it is because the amount of mental energy it requires means it’s more likely
to stick in your mind.Looking at online maps on a big screen—or even studying a paper map—also
allows you to get a sense of that all-important bigger picture and how everywhere fits together.Finally，try to relax when you’re on unfamiliar ground. 5 But this sudden burst of
anxiety will only increase your pressure and prevent you from calmly working out which way to
go.
A．I always get lost when I am out.
B．Yes，they can improve the sense of direction.
C．Take popping to the toilet in a restaurant for example.
D．They even failed to notice they’d been past the same place.
E．However，they can finally manage the direction completely.
F．It’s all too easy to get panicked by the suspicion of getting lost.
G．Studying a larger map and memorizing the route in advance can be helpful.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主题语境是“人与自我”。文章主要讲了方向感是可以培养
的，并介绍了几种培养方向感的方法。
1．答案 C
解析 由下文可知，此处作者在以自己为例，讲述自己方向感很差，在餐馆找不到回到自己
原来位置的路。因此C项“以在餐馆上厕所为例”符合语境，故选C。
2．答案 B
解析 上文“those who are puzzled with directions”以及下文“They just need to work at it.”
可知主语上下文相同，都由“they”指代“those who”，再根据上下文语境可知，B项“是
的，他们可以改善方向感”与下文连接顺畅。故选B。
3．答案 D
解析 由上文可知，有些司机仅仅靠GPS很难找到方向，空格处应进一步说明方向感差带
来的后果，因此D项“他们甚至没有注意到自己经过了同一个地方”符合语境。故选D。
4．答案 G
解析 由本段末句可知，设空处提出的培养方向感的方法，不仅更能让人印象深刻，而且在
看在线地图或纸质地图时，可以让人更好地找到目的地。空格处是本段主旨句。因此 G项
“研究一张更大的地图并提前记住路线可能会有所帮助”能够概括段意。故选G。
5．答案 F
解析 上文“Finally，try to relax when you’re on unfamiliar ground.”说明的是在不熟悉的
地方要保持冷静放松，设空处随即解释保持放松的原因，同时下文“But this sudden burst of
anxiety”与F项中的“get panicked”相呼应，因此F项“人们很容易因为有迷路的感觉而惊
慌失措”符合语境，故选F。
