文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．notion n．概念；观点；看法
2．hazardous adj.危险的，不安全的
3．shuttle n．航天飞机
4．the space shuttle航天飞机
5．excursion n．(有特定目的的)短途出行
6．rekindle v．重新激起，重新唤起
7．instantaneously adv.瞬间地
8．lifelike adj.(图画、模型等)生动的，逼真的
9．telescope n．望远镜
10．the naked eye肉眼
11．angle v．斜置
12．galaxy n．星系
13．cosmic adj.宇宙的
14．conceivably adv.可以相信地；可想象地
15．subatomic adj.亚原子的；原子内的
16．particle n．粒子
17．muscle n．肌肉
18．pepper n．胡椒粉
19．disc n．激光唱片；光碟，光盘
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．shadow n．坏影响，阴影
2．scream v．(因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫
3．crew n．(飞机上的)全体机组人员4．awesome adj.很好的，了不起的
5．straightforward adj.简单的
6．self-discipline n．自我约束，自律
7．fetch v．(去)拿来
8．sneeze v．打喷嚏
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．unexceptional adj.平常的→exceptional adj.例外的；独特的；杰出的→except prep.除……
外→exception n．例外
2．tragically adv.悲惨地，不幸地→tragic adj.悲惨的，悲痛的→tragedy n．悲剧；不幸；灾
难
3．suspend v．暂停，中止；悬；挂→suspension n．停职；暂停；中止；悬浮
4．simulated adj.模仿的，模拟的，仿真的→simulate v．模拟；假装；冒充→simulator n．
(用于人员训练的)模拟装置，模拟器
5．submit v．提交；呈递；屈服→submission n．提交(物)；呈递(物)；屈服
6．invisible adj.看不见的→visible adj.看得见的→vision n．视野；视力
1．convict /kən'vIkt/ vt.定罪
convict sb of宣判某人有(某)罪
2．guilt /ɡIlt/ n．罪行；犯罪；内疚
3．scan /skæn/ vt.审视 vi.& vt.粗略地读；扫描(文件)
4．sophisticated /sə'fIstIkeItId/ adj.见多识广的；精密的；在行的
5.stab /stæb/ vt.(用刀)刺、捅
6．bring along 把(某人或某物)带来
7．blur /blɜː(r)/ vi.& vt.(使)变得模糊不清；(使)难以区分 n．模糊形状；模糊的记忆
8．dweller /'dwelə(r)/ n．居民；居住者
9．remedy /'remədi/ n．解决方法；补偿；治疗 vt.改正；纠正；改进
10．undertake /ˌʌndə'teIk/ vt.(undertook /-'tʊk/，undertaken /-'teIkən/)承担；从事；承诺
11．heal /hiːl/ vt.& vi.(使)康复；治愈
12．spoil /spɔIl/ vt.& vi.(spoilt /spɔIlt/，spoilt or spoiled /spɔIld/，spoiled)破坏；宠坏
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．become accustomed to习惯于(做)某事
2．cast a shadow on/over给……蒙上阴影
3．set foot on踏上，登上
4．one’s heart in one’s mouth 心提到嗓子眼
5．take off起飞；脱下；突然成功6．tune in收看；收听
7．wave to sb向某人挥手
8．reach for the stars有九天揽月之志；努力完成壮举
9．sign up for 报名参加
10．work out计算出；解决；锻炼
11．be engaged in忙于；从事
12．be composed of由……组成
13．be invisible to无法被……看到
14．one’s quest for 对……的追求/追索
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．Following the shock of the Challenger disaster，space shuttle flights were suspended for
nearly three years while the cause of the disaster was investigated，and some of the shuttle’s
components were redesigned. (while引导时间状语从句)
“挑战者”号令人震惊的灾难发生后，航天飞机航行中止了近三年时间，同时调查事故原因，
重新设计飞行器的部分零件。
2．But there was never any doubt that manned flights would continue.(there is never any doubt
that...)
但是毫无疑问，载人飞行将继续下去。
3．Soon，it was understood that the Sun was just one star among billions in the galaxy we call
the Milky Way.(it be＋v.-ed＋that...)
很快，人们认识到，太阳只是我们称之为“银河系”的星系中数十亿颗恒星中的一颗。
4．Nothing in history has allowed us to see so much over such great distances，from enormous
clouds of gas where stars are being born，to huge black holes，and even to new planets where
we might conceivably find life.(where引导定语从句)
它让我们史无前例地看到了如此遥远的景观——从星体诞生的巨大气体云团，到巨型黑洞，
甚至到可能会发现生命迹象的新行星。
5．The 500-metre dish of the “Eye of Heaven”，as it is known，is being used in the search for
dark matter，thought to be composed of subatomic particles invisible to ordinary telescopes.(形
容词短语作后置定语)
众所周知，这个被称为“天眼”的500米口径巨盘用于探寻暗物质。暗物质被认为由亚原子
粒子组成，一般望远镜是观测不到的。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)
1．telescope n．望远镜2．conceivably adv.可以相信地；可想象地
3．notion n．概念；观点；看法
4．hazardous adj.危险的，不安全的
5．lifelike adj. ( 图画、模型等 ) 生动的，逼真的
6．the naked eye肉眼
7．galaxy n．星系
8．rekindle v．重新激起，重新唤起
9．subatomic adj.亚原子的；原子内的
10．disc n．激光唱片；光碟，光盘
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共10分)
1．crew n．(飞机上的)全体机组人员
2．awesome adj.很好的，了不起的
3．scream v．(因疼痛、惊恐、兴奋等)尖声大叫
4．sneeze v．打喷嚏
5．fetch v．(去)拿来
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题3分，共18分)
1．submit v．提交；呈递；屈服→submission n．提交(物)；呈递(物)；屈服
2．tragically adv.悲惨地，不幸地→tragic adj.悲惨的，悲痛的→tragedy n．悲剧；不幸；灾
难
3．suspend v．暂停，中止；悬；挂→suspension n．停职；暂停；中止；悬浮
4．unexceptional adj.平常的→exceptional adj.例外的；独特的；杰出的→except prep.除……
外→exception n．例外
5．invisible adj.看不见的→visible adj.看得见的→vision n．视野；视力
6．simulated adj.模仿的，模拟的，仿真的→simulate v．模拟；假装；冒充→simulator n．
(用于人员训练的)模拟装置，模拟器
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．guilt n．罪行；犯罪；内疚
2．scan vt.审视 vi.& vt.粗略地读；扫描(文件)
3．undertake vt.承担；从事；承诺
4．heal vt.& vi.(使)康复；治愈
5．spoil vt.& vi.破坏；宠坏
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2.5分，共15分)
1．sign up for 报名参加
2．be composed of 由……组成
3． one ’ s quest for 对……的追求/追索4．wave to sb 向某人挥手
5．be invisible to 无法被……看到
6．work out 计算出；解决；锻炼
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题3分，共12分)
1．We normally respond to article submissions that are submitted within six weeks.(submit)
2．Tragically，one day while swimming，she was drowned deep in the sea.What a tragedy！
(tragic)
3．All exceptional experts without exception have participated in the competition.(except)
4．The activity has to be suspended due to something unexpected，and no one knows how long
the suspension will last.(suspend)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．Living here for ten years，he has become accustomed to the tropical climate.
2．The terrible car accident that happened last year cast a shadow on his young mind.
3．I remember the time when I first set foot on this new land.How excited and nervous I was!
4．Although you are engaged in your study，you should set aside some time to take part in some
outdoor activities.
5．Many businesses started up by college students have taken off thanks to the comfortable
climate for business creation.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分)
1．他在值班期间认真做好自己的工作，得到了大家的认可。(while引导时间状语从句)
While he was on duty，he did his part conscientiously，gaining everyone’s recognition.
2．众所周知，学好英语对我们大家都大有益处。(it be＋v.-ed＋that...)
It is widely/well known that learning English well will be of great benefit/be very beneficial to us
all.
3．这就是为什么我申请这份需要耐心和细心的工作。(where引导定语从句)
This is why I apply for the job where patience and care are needed.
4．对于那些没有意识到友谊的重要性的人来说，这是一本值得一读的书。(形容词短语作定
语)
For those unaware of the importance of friendship，this is a book worth reading.
5．毫无疑问，中国在世界上扮演着极其重要的角色。(doubt＋同位语从句)
There is not/never any doubt that/There is no doubt that China is playing a vital role in the world.
At present，we 1.have become(become) accustomed to observing the night sky with atelescope and most of us have been aware that it is 2.an awesome invention.With the
3.assistance(assist) of it，we can see numberless stars invisible to the naked eye.4.However，
our quest is far beyond observing the stars，and we have been trying 5.to explore(explore) many
galaxies in the universe.Our efforts never suspend，although the loss of the Challenger once
cast a shadow 6.on our hearts.With the purpose of rekindling young pupils’ interest in space
travel，the space shuttle 7.took(take) off on 28 January 1986.But only a minute later ，it
instantaneously exploded and the lives of its crew were tragically cut short,8.making(make)
people scream with horror.All the crew sacrificed,9.but their spirits would inspire us to continue
to reach for the stars，however hazardous and 10.distant(distance) they are.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
suspend v．中止，暂停，推迟；悬，挂；使悬浮 (suspension n．停职；暂停，中止；
悬浮)
be suspended from one’s job 被停职
be suspended by被……悬挂
(1)I think her suspension(suspend) from the team is a very harsh punishment.
(2)He was suspended by his feet and beaten with metal bars.
(3)(应用文写作之安慰信)听到你被停职的消息，我感到非常遗憾，我相信你可以证明自己的
清白。
I am terribly sorry to hear that you have been suspended from your job and I do believe that you
can prove your innocence.
submit v．提交；呈递；屈服 [submission n．屈服；提交(物)；呈递(物)]
submit sth to sb将某物提交给某人
submit (oneself) to屈从于……
(1)Submission(submit) must be made into a single PDF no larger than 10 MB and no more than
eight total pages.
(2)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)大卫擦掉眼泪，昂起头，坚定地说道：“我不会屈从于其他
人的看法。”
David wiped his tears and held his head high，remarking determinedly，“ I won ’ t submit
(myself) to others ’ thoughts .”
(3)有兴趣参加夏令营的同学，请于5月15日前向学生会办公室提交申请表及相关材料。
Those who are interested in the summer camp must submit the applications and relevant materials
to the Office of the Student Association by May 15.be/get/become accustomed to (doing) sth 习惯于(做)某事 (accustomed adj.习惯于；惯
常的 accustom vt.使习惯于)
accustom sb/oneself to (doing) sth使某人/自己习惯于(做)某事
Mr King was accustomed to living in the countryside and found it hard to suspend this life and live
in the city.
＝Accustomed to living in the countryside，Mr King found it hard to suspend this life and live in
the city.(用形容词短语作状语改写)
＝Accustoming himself to living in the countryside，Mr King found it hard to suspend this life and
live in the city.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
cast a shadow on/over 给……蒙上阴影
cast down使失望；使沮丧(多用于被动语态)
cast out驱逐出去；赶走
cast off摆脱掉；抛弃
cast away使(船遇难后的幸存者)流落某处；扔掉；浪费(多用于被动语态)
用cast短语的正确形式填空
(1)You must develop self-discipline and cast off all these bad habits.
(2)If you were cast away on a desert island，what would you miss most?
(3) Tragically，the bus accident cast a shadow on/over people’s hearts.
(4)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我的老师热切地劝我说：“你只有全身心地投入写作，才不
会被打倒。”
My teacher eagerly persuaded me，“ You won ’ t be cast down only if you throw yourself into
writing.”
it be＋v.-ed＋that... Soon，it was understood that the Sun was just one star among
billions in the galaxy we call the Milky Way.很快，人们认识到，太阳只是我们称之为“银河
系”的星系中数十亿颗恒星中的一颗。
it作形式主语而that从句是真正主语的常见句式有：
It be＋过去分词＋that从句
It be＋名词词组/adj.＋that从句
It＋特殊动词(seem/turn out/occur to sb/...)＋that从句
(1)It has been announced that another manned space shuttle will be sent up into space next year.
(2)It is convenient that we can submit payments online through network banks of Wechat.(3)他突然想到，第二天早上他有一个重要的会议要参加。
It occurred to him that he had an important conference to attend the next morning.
(4)(2022·浙江6月，读后续写)我不禁惊呼：“原来还有很多人在挨饿。我们有责任把我们
的善意和慷慨传递给他们。”
I couldn’t help exclaiming，“It turns out that there are still many people suffering from
hunger.It is our duty/responsibility that we pass on our kindness and generosity to them.”
用法点拨 在英语中，形式主语或形式宾语一般用it，而不用this，that或其他代词。
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．shadow
(1)I thought I saw a figure standing in the shadows. B
(2)The shadows lengthened as the sun went down. A
(3)The new leader wants to escape from the shadow of his predecessor. C
(4)She knew beyond a shadow of a doubt that he was lying. D
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)A notable question is whether they can tackle the awesome task.艰难的
(2)Anna angled her camera towards the tree.斜移
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．Once I threw myself into it，I had no difficulty in working out the problem.
2. Thinking twice，I decided to sign up for the basketball team.
3．At the sight of the monster，he stepped backward and made a getaway，screaming(scream)
with terror.
4．Dave was suspended from school and was under investigation because he broke the school
rules.
5. Furthermore，I have accustomed to living(live) alone in this big city.
6．There is never any doubt that how ancient pyramids were built is a mystery for human
beings.
学校英文报征稿：给中国空间站Tiangong Space Station航天员们的一封信。假设你是李
华，请你写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：1.对他们为太空事业做出的成就感到骄傲；
2.询问空间站上生活、工作情况；
3.表达关心和祝愿。
完成句子
1．你们之所以在中国的太空探索中取得非凡的成就，就是因为你们从不向困难屈服。(The
reason why...is that；submit oneself to)
2．你们习惯失重的环境了吗？(be accustomed to)
3．如果你们因为想念家人而沮丧，你们会怎么做？(cast down)
4．事实上，我们所有的学生都对你们在“天宫课堂”上的互动印象深刻，所以我不禁钦佩
你们的开拓性工作，想知道成为一名合格的航天员需要什么。(It is a fact that；现在分词短
语作状语)
5．我深信中国永远不会中止太空探索，未来我们可以取得更多成就。(suspend)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Dear astronauts，
The reason why you make remarkable accomplishments in China’s space expeditions is that
you never submit yourselves to difficulties.And I am writing to enquire about your current
situation.
Have you been accustomed to the weightless environment？Besides，if you are cast down
because of missing your family，what will you do？It is a fact that all of us students are impressed
by your interaction in “Tiangong Class”，so I cannot help admiring your pioneering work，
wondering what it takes to be a qualified astronaut.I am greatly convinced that China will never
suspend exploring space and we can achieve more in the future.
Wish you a successful mission and a comfortable journey!
Yours faithfully，
Li Hua教材语料整合
[动作描写] become accustomed to；rekindle；cast a shadow on；scream；
亮词
suspend；submit；angle；fetch；sneeze
1.Millions watched that first lunar landing on black and white television sets，their
hearts in their mouths，aware of how arduous and hazardous an undertaking it was，
and of the many things that could go wrong.(心理描写)
2．The world went into shock，most people having assumed that this space flight
would be no more dangerous than travelling in an aeroplane.How wrong they had
美句
been！Instantaneously，excitement and optimism turned into terror and failure.It was
the most disastrous space accident ever，and it cast a shadow on people’s hearts.(心
理描写)
3．We had seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they stepped
into the shuttle.(动作描写)
拓展语料积累 主题语境结尾升华技巧：脱困类
脱困类读后续写常常涉及危险的情节，如火灾、在森林遇到猛兽、在森林迷路等。此类
主题可采用下列升华诀窍：
That day was so unforgettable that it would be engraved in my
诀窍一：经历＋感悟 mind forever.那一天是如此难忘，它将被永远刻在我的脑海
里。
Only then was I aware that it was courage that enabled us to
overcome whatever hardships we came across.直到那时我才意
识到，是勇气使我们能够克服我们遇到的任何困难。
诀窍二：名言/句型＋感悟 With joint efforts we finally achieved our goal.Just as the old
saying goes，“Where there’s a will，there’s a way.”在大
家的共同努力下，我们终于达成了目标。正如那句老话所
说：“有志者，事竟成。”
语料运用 探索火星
When my friend，an astronomer，asked me which planet I would like to go to.I ①screamed
at the top of my voice，“Mars！” But my friend said，“There are still many challenges
waiting to be solved.With the temperature being above －60℃，now we can’t go to Mars.”
②I was cast down.My friend added，“③ Only if we don ’ t submit ourselves to difficulties can
we achieve our goal(倒装句)．④ Just as an old saying goes ， where there ’ s a will ， there ’ s a
way(升华句)．” Hearing this，the hope in my heart rose again.
当我的朋友，一名天文学家，问我想去哪颗行星。我用最大的声音叫道：“火星！”但是我的朋友说：“仍然有许多等待解决的问题。由于温度在零下60度，现在我们不能去火
星。”我很失望。我的朋友补充道：“只有我们不屈服于困难我们才能实现目标。正如谚语
所说，有志者事竟成。”听到这些话，我心中的希望又升了起来。
高考题型组合练 42
提示：带★的文章和单元主题相关
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(★)
For children，space is magical—a whole world is out there，with so many things to learn and
stories to read.Here are some children’s books about space and the solar system.
Mae among the Stars by Stasia Burrington
This beautifully illustrated picture book is attractive to young kids.It was inspired by the first
African American woman in space，Mae Jemison.It tells the story of Mae as a little girl，who
always knew she had big dreams about space.This is a great addition to a young kid’s
collection，as a reminder to hold tight to dreams and never give up.
Space by Libby Jackson
This beautifully illustrated book gives kids a look at 50 women from around the world who
were involved in exploring space in some way，from the 19th century to the present day.This is a
perfect gift for young kids who want to know more about some of the lesser-known scientific
achievements related to space exploration.
Chasing Space by Leland Melvin
This is Melvin’s story about being a football player-turned-astronaut ，along with his
recovery from an injury that nearly left him deaf.Kids will love reading his story about how he
faced challenges and advanced ahead，and he also includes DIY experiments for kids to try，and a
section of full-color photographs.
System and Beyond by David A．Aguilar
The book is full of beautiful illustrations of space，and is perfect for kids of all ages，
exploring various planets and the solar system.Unlike other kids’ space book，this is a National
Geographic book written and illustrated by an award-winning astronomer and space artist.Aguilar
is also the former Director of Science Information and Public Outreach at the Harvard-Smithsonian
Center for Astrophysics.
语篇解读 本文为一篇应用文。文章介绍了四本关于太空和太阳系的儿童读物。
1．What do Mae among the Stars and Space have in common?
A．They include less-known astronauts.
B．They tell about scientists’ childhood.
C．They cover women exploring space.D．They are suitable for children of all ages.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据Mae among the Stars by Stasia Burrington部分的“It was inspired
by the first African American woman in space，Mae Jemison.”和Space by Libby Jackson部分
的“This...book gives kids a look at 50 women from around the world who were involved in
exploring space...”可知，两本书的共同之处是它们都涉及探索太空的女性。故选C。
2．Whose book attracts children showing interest in experiments?
A．Stasia Burrington’s.
B．Libby Jackson’s.
C．Leland Melvin’s.
D．David A．Aguilar’s.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据Chasing Space by Leland Melvin部分的“...he also includes DIY
experiments for kids to try...”可知，对实验感兴趣的孩子会被Leland Melvin的书吸引。故选
C。
3．What is unique to System and Beyond?
A．It has beautiful pictures.
B．It tells about space artists.
C．It has won many grand awards.
D．It was written by an astronomer.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据 System and Beyond by David A．Aguilar部分的“Unlike other
kids’ space book...written and illustrated by an award-winning astronomer and space artist.”可
知，这本书的独特之处是作者本人的身份是天文学家。故选D。
B(★)
Hoping to live on the moon one day? Your chances just got a tiny bit better.Researchers found
that lunar pits and caves reach stable temperatures，making them potentially suitable for human
life.
Planetary scientists at the University of California ，Los Angeles have been doing the
research.Although much of the moon’s surface temperature ranges from as high as 260 degrees
during the day to as low as 280 degrees below zero at night，the moon has pits and caves where
temperatures stay at roughly 63 degrees Fahrenheit，making human habitation a possibility，
according to their new research.
For perspective，a day or night on the moon equals a little over two weeks on the earth—
making long-term research and habitation difficult with such extremely hot and cold
temperatures.Researchers say these stable spots could transform the future of lunar exploration andlong-term habitation.The shadowed areas of these pits could also offer protection from harmful
elements，such as solar radiation，universal rays and micrometeorites(微小陨石)．
About 16 of the over 200 discovered pits most likely come from collapsed lava tubes—tunnels
that form from cooled lava or crust，according to Tyler Horvath，a UCLA doctoral student and
head of the research.The researchers think overhangs inside of these lunar pits，which were
initially discovered in 2009，could be the reason for the stable temperature.
The research team also includes UCLA professors of planetary science David Paige and Paul
Hayne at the University of Colorado Boulder.“Humans evolved living in caves，and to caves we
might return when we live on the moon，” said Paige in a UCLA press release.
There are still plenty of other challenges to establishing any sort of long-term human residence
on the moon—including growing food and providing enough oxygen.The researchers made clear
that NASA has no immediate plans to establish a base camp or habitations there.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了研究人员发现月球上的坑洞温度稳定，可能适合
人类生活，但是目前还有很多挑战，如种植食物和提供足够的氧气。
4．What did the researchers find?
A．Humans like the life on the moon.
B．People lived in lunar pits and caves.
C．Steady temperature exists somewhere on the moon.
D．Temperatures in caves and pits vary a lot on the moon.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“Researchers found that lunar pits and caves reach
stable temperatures，making them potentially suitable for human life.”可知，研究人员发现月
球存在温度稳定的坑洞。故选C。
5．What do the shadowed areas act as protection against?
A．Solar heat.
B．Harmful liquids.
C．Universal gases.
D．Micrometeorites.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“The shadowed areas of these pits could also offer
protection...rays and micrometeorites(微小陨石)．”可知，月球上的坑洞的阴影区域可以抵挡
微小陨石的伤害。故选D。
6．What does the underlined word “evolved” probably mean in paragraph 5?
A．Appeared. B．Developed.
C．Hunted. D．Escaped.
答案 B解析 词义猜测题。根据画线词所在句“Humans evolved living in caves，and to caves we
might return when we live on the moon”可知，本句前后为对照关系，所以根据后半句“当我
们生活在月球上时，我们可能会回到洞穴”可知，前半句应为“人类在洞穴中进化和演变”。
故选B。
7．Why does NASA not establish any habitation on the moon at present?
A．It has no such plans.
B．Food there tastes bad.
C．Many challenges exist.
D．There is no oxygen.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段首句“There are still plenty of other challenges to
establishing any sort of long-term human residence on the moon—including growing food and
providing enough oxygen.”可知，NASA目前没有计划在月球建立基地的原因是还有很多挑
战。故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空(★)
For a little girl growing up in Colombia ， a science career with NASA may seem
impossible.Trujillo，however，is an aerospace 1 who leads a team at the NASA laboratory
2 for the robotic arm of the latest Mars rover(火星探测器)．
How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to 3 exploring it? That’s
a tale of 4 written in the stars.
Born in 1983，even as a young girl Trujillo was 5 of her passion for science.But she
doubted how far she’d be able to 6 in a male-dominated field.Then her dad offered to send
her to Miami.Only 17 at the time，she 7 the offer.
Trujillo took a series of housekeeping 8 to put herself through Miami Dade
College.Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms to help pay her way through her 9 .But she
didn’t 10 .“I saw everything coming my way as an opportunity.”
Then came another life-changing moment.She became the first Hispanic(西班牙语国家的)
woman to be 11 to the NASA Academy.Later，she became an engineer at NASA’s
Goddard Space Flight Center.
This February，when the Perseverance rover 12 on the surface of Mars，it was 13
by commentary(解说) from Trujillo in NASA’s first-ever Spanish-language 14 .
Trujillo’s own story is 15 that just beyond the barrier lies an entire universe of
opportunities waiting for anyone willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Trujillo凭借努力和毅力一步步成为美国宇
航局的工程师的故事。
1．A.astronaut B．pilotC．engineer D．guide
答案 C
解析 根据第五段的“Later，she became an engineer at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight
Center.”可知，Trujillo是一名工程师。故选C。
2．A.eager B．responsible
C．concerned D．grateful
答案 B
解析 be responsible for负责……。根据“leads a team at the NASA laboratory”可知，此处
指Trujillo领导的团队负责最新火星探测器的机械臂。故选B。
3．A.actually B．hardly
C．accurately D．repeatedly
答案 A
解析 根据“go from simply dreaming about the universe”并结合她成为航天工程师可知，此
处指Trujillo从梦想探索宇宙变成真正地探索宇宙。故选A。
4．A.innovation B．kindness
C．passion D．sympathy
答案 C
解析 innovation创新；kindness善良；passion热情；sympathy同情。根据下文“even as a
young girl Trujillo was of her passion for science”可知，此处表达她的整个经历充
满了激情。故选C。
5．A.certain B．approved
C．afraid D．fond
答案 A
解析 根据上文“How did Trujillo go from simply dreaming about the universe to
exploring it？”可知，她一直梦想着探索宇宙，结合此句中的even可知，此处表示甚至在她
还很小时，就确定了对科学的追求和喜爱。故选A。
6．A.respond B．rise
C．invest D．apply
答案 B
解析 根据“in a male-dominated field”可知，在这样一个男性主导的领域里，Trujillo不知
道自己的努力和坚持让自己能走多远，地位能提高多少。故选B。
7．A.made up B．turned up
C．picked up D．took up
答案 D
解析 make up编造；turn up出现，调大；pick up捡起，学会；take up接受(建议或主意)。下文“to put herself through Miami Dade College”提到她在迈阿密上大学，所以此处表示她
接受了爸爸让她去迈阿密的提议。故选D。
8．A.measures B．activities
C．jobs D．courses
答案 C
解析 根据“to put herself through Miami Dade College”可知，她给别人做家务活，也就是
通过家务工作挣钱让自己完成学业。故选C。
9．A.studies B．purchases
C．recreations D．trips
答案 A
解析 根据“Sometimes she was cleaning bathrooms”可知，Trujillo通过打扫浴室挣钱帮助
自己完成学业。故选A。
10．A.clarify B．fear
C．perceive D．complain
答案 D
解析 clarify阐明；fear害怕；perceive认为；complain抱怨。根据“I saw everything coming
my way as an opportunity”可知，她把遇到的一切都当作机会，所以尽管学习很辛苦，但是
她不抱怨。故选D。
11．A.applied B．admitted
C．assigned D．introduced
答案 B
解析 be admitted to被……录取。根据“Then came another life-changing moment.”可知，
Trujillo是被美国宇航局学院录取，这是她人生的另一个转折点。故选B。
12．A.originated B．generated
C．landed D．waited
答案 C
解析 根据“on the surface of Mars”可知，此处表示“毅力号”在火星表面着陆。故选C。
13．A.accompanied B．distracted
C．estimated D．occupied
答案 A
解析 accompany 陪伴，伴随；distract 分散；estimate 估计；occupy 占据。根据“by
commentary(解说) from Trujillo in NASA’s first-ever Spanish-language ”可知，此
处表示的是“毅力号”着陆时，同时伴随着广播中Trujillo的西班牙语的解说。故选A。
14．A.theory B．broadcast
C．comment D．performance答案 B
解析 根据“it was by commentary(解说) from Trujillo in NASA’s first-ever
Spanish-language”可知，“毅力号”在火星着陆时，广播播报Trujillo用西班牙语所做的解
说。故选B。
15．A.career B．information
C．competence D．proof
答案 D
解析 根据“...willing to work hard enough to reach for the stars”可知，她的故事是一种证据，
表明只要越过障碍，就有一个充满机遇的宇宙在等待着任何愿意努力工作去实现远大梦想的
人。故选D。
Ⅲ.语法填空(★)
China has been pushing space exploration boundaries on its own over the past three decades.It
embarked on(开始) a “three-step” strategy 1. (boost) its human space program in
1992 when 2. (construct) a manned orbiting laboratory was still a flight of fancy for
the Chinese people.
The first step was to send astronauts into space 3. ensure their safe return.The
second step was to develop advanced space flight techniques and technologies,4. included
extravehicular(舱外的) activity and orbital docking(轨道对接)．The 5. (three) step
was to assemble and operate a permanent manned space station.
In April 2021，the country 6. (official) kicked off the in-orbit construction of its
space station by launching the core module Tianhe.“In the past 30 years，many technical
difficulties 7. (overcome)，such as the technologies of shuttling 8. space
and Earth，extravehicular activity，rendezvous，and docking，” said Yang Liwei，the
country’s first taikonaut in orbit since he 9. (enter) space with Shenzhou-5 in
October 2003.
So far，a total of 12 10. (astronaut) on four missions，Shenzhou-12，
Shenzhou-13，Shenzhou-14，and Shenzhou-15，have participated in the in-orbit construction of
the space station.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了中国的载人航天工程“三步走”战略及其成果。
1．答案 to boost
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，句中已有谓语动词，设空处应填非谓语动词形式；
结合句意可知，推进载人航天计划是实施“三步走”战略的目的，此处应用to do不定式作
目的状语。故填to boost。
2．答案 constructing
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，设空处和后面的 a manned orbiting laboratory整个
短语在时间状语从句中作主语，应用动名词形式。故填constructing。3．答案 and
解析 考查连词。分析句子可知，设空处前面的send astronauts into space和后面的ensure
their safe return为并列关系，应用并列连词and。故填and。
4．答案 which
解析 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，从句中缺少主语，先
行词advanced space flight techniques and technologies指物，应用which引导。故填which。
5．答案 third
解析 考查数词。根据上文的The first step和The second step可知，此处与前面保持一致，
表示“第三步”，应用序数词。故填third。
6．答案 officially
解析 考查副词。分析句子可知，设空处在句中修饰动词短语kicked off作状语，应用副词
表示“官方地，正式地”。故填officially。
7．答案 have been overcome
解析 考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子可知，设空处在句中作谓语，与主语
difficulties之间为被动关系，应用被动语态；结合时间状语In the past 30 years可知，此处应
用现在完成时，主语为复数，助动词用have。故填have been overcome。
8．答案 between
解析 考查介词。shuttle between A and B为固定搭配，表示“(在两地之间)频繁来往”。故
填between。
9．答案 entered
解析 考查动词时态。分析句子可知，设空处在since引导的时间状语从句中作谓语，应用
动词；结合时间状语in October 2003可知，此处表示过去发生的事，用一般过去时。故填
entered。
10．答案 astronauts
解析 考查名词复数。根据前面的数字 12 可知，此处应用名词的复数形式。故填
astronauts。
