文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．self-critical adj.自我批评的，自我批判的
2．freckle n．(尤指脸上的)雀斑，斑点
3．jawline n．下巴的形状
4．obsessive adj.痴迷的，迷恋的；过度的(含贬义)
5．lipstick n．唇膏，口红
6．identical adj.完全相同的；非常相似的
7．dormitory n．寝室
8．roommate n．(尤指大学里的)室友
9．bizarre adj.古怪的；奇异的
10．makeover n．(以新衣服、新发型等进行的)打扮，装扮
11．pill n．药丸，药片
12．stereotype n．模式化的思想
13．welfare n．帮助；福利
14．monstrous adj.丑陋的；骇人的
15．righteous adj.正派的，正直的
16．beast n．(尤指体型庞大或危险的)野兽
17．timid adj.胆小的，胆怯的
18．coward n．胆小鬼；懦夫
19．bookish adj.好读书的，书呆子气的
20．kidnap v．绑架；劫持
21．torture v．拷打，拷问
22．defect n．缺点，缺陷，毛病
23．melancholy n．忧郁，无名的伤感24．wretch n．可怜的人
25．exclaim v．(因惊讶、愤怒或兴奋而)呼喊，惊叫
26．heartfelt adj.衷心的，诚挚的
27．compassion n．怜悯；同情
28．exquisite adj.精美的，精致的
29．utter v．(尤指吃力地)发出(声音)
30．syllable n．音节
31．immense adj.巨大的
32．monster n．怪物
33．savage adj.野蛮的
34．dew n．露水
35．whilst conj.而(用于强调两种情况、活动等之间的差别)
36．pebble n．卵石，小圆石，砾石
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．boost v．促进，推动
2．pretend v．假装，装作
3．overlook v．忽视，忽略
4．bother v．(使)苦恼
5．psychology n．心理，心理过程
6．accent n．口音
7．heartbreaking adj.令人悲伤的
8．intently adv.专心地；一心一意地
9．repay v．报答
10．profound adj.(感情)强烈的，深切的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．enlarge v．(使)增大，扩大→large adj.大的
2．misjudge v．对(人或情况)判断错误→judge v．判断 n．法官→judgement n．判断力；
识别力；看法
3．skinny adj.极瘦的，皮包骨的→skin n．皮肤
4．acknowledge v．承认(某事属实或某情况存在)；感谢→acknowledgement n．承认；感谢
5．assumption n．假定，假设；设想→assume v．假定；假设；认为→assuming conj.假如
6．saving n．积蓄→save v．节省；救
7．finding n．研究的结果；发现→find v．发现
8．frightful adj.可怕的→fright n．惊吓；害怕→frighten v．使害怕→frightened adj.感到害
怕的→frightening adj.令人害怕的9．outward adj.外表的，表面的→inward adj.向内的；内心的
10．loyal adj.忠贞的，忠实的，忠诚的→loyalty n．忠诚，忠实
11．novelist n．小说家→novel n．小说 adj.新颖的
12．graceful adj.优美的，优雅的→grace n．优雅→gracefully adv.优雅地
13．comprehension n．理解(力)→comprehend v．理解
14．expression n．表情；神色→express v．表达→expressive adj.有表现力的
15．resemble v．像；与……类似，与……相似→resemblance n．相似；相像
16．tenderness n．柔情→tender adj.温柔的
17．motive n．(尤指隐藏的)动机，原因，目的→motivate v．激励；成为……的动机
→motivated adj.积极的；主动的→motivation n．积极性；动机
1．quiver /'kwIvə(r)/ n．箭筒；轻微的颤抖 vi.颤抖；哆嗦
2．flock /flɒk/ n．(羊或鸟)群；一大群
3．brutal /'bruːtl/ adj.残酷的；残暴的；无情的
4．reel /riːl/ vi.蹒跚；踉跄
5．fasten /'fɑːsn/ vt.& vi.系牢；扣紧；关住
6．thrash /θræʃ/ vi.拍打；翻腾
7．invulnerable /In'vʌlnərəbl/ adj.无懈可击的；打不败的→vulnerable /'vʌlnərəbl/ adj.易受伤
的；脆弱的
be vulnerable to sth易受……伤害的
8．assert /ə'sɜːt/ vi.坚称；断言；主张
9．glimpse /ɡlImps/ vt.瞥见；看一眼 n．一瞥；短暂的感受
10．confine /kən'faIn/ vt.限制；监禁；使离不开
confine...to把……局限于；把……限制于
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．boost one’s confidence 增加某人的信心
2．from head to toe 从头到脚
3．a lack of 缺乏……
4．a desire for对……的渴望
5．be surprised at对……感到吃惊
6．make an effort努力
7．leave an impression on给……留下印象
8．keep fit保持健康
9．compare...to把……比作；把……和……作比较10．attempt to do尝试做
11．beyond one’s expectation(s) 出乎所料
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．As a song in Ugly Betty puts it，“It’s a pretty person’s world”．(as引导状语从句)
正如《丑女贝蒂》里的歌曲所唱的那样，“这是一个看脸的世界”。
2．He was the first to break the silence.(the＋序数词＋to do...)
他首先打破了沉默。
3．“But！”he said，as though hesitating whether to finish，“I am—I am deaf.”(状语从句
的省略)
“但是！”他说，好像在犹豫是否要说完，“我是……我是个聋子。”
4．There lay in the accents of the unfortunate man so significant an awareness of his sadness
that she had not the strength to utter a syllable.(副词位于句首引起全部倒装)
从那不幸的人的语气里可以感受到他对自身的悲哀心知肚明，她没有勇气回答。
5．Never have I viewed my ugliness as at the present moment.(否定词位于句首引起部分倒装)
我从来没像现在这般明白自己的丑陋。
6．He seemed to make it a point of honour to keep it at bay.(it作形式宾语)
似乎不让眼泪落下来，他就可以维护自己的尊严。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共16分)
1．roommate n． ( 尤指大学里的 ) 室友
2．welfare n．帮助；福利
3．self-critical adj.自我批评的，自我批判的
4．defect n．缺点，缺陷，毛病
5．compassion n．怜悯；同情
6．whilst conj. 而 ( 用于强调两种情况、活动等之间的差别 )
7．obsessive adj. 痴迷的，迷恋的；过度的 ( 含贬义 )
8．utter v． ( 尤指吃力地 ) 发出 ( 声音 )
9．heartfelt adj.衷心的，诚挚的
10．bookish adj.好读书的，书呆子气的
11．identical adj.完全相同的；非常相似的
12．exclaim v． ( 因惊讶、愤怒或兴奋而 ) 呼喊，惊叫
13．righteous adj.正派的，正直的
14．beast n． ( 尤指体型庞大或危险的 ) 野兽
15．dormitory n．寝室16．stereotype n．模式化的思想
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共12分)
1．boost v．促进，推动
2．pretend v．假装，装作
3．overlook v．忽视，忽略
4．bother v．(使)苦恼
5．repay v．报答
6．heartbreaking adj.令人悲伤的
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共14分)
1．enlarge v．(使)增大，扩大→large adj.大的
2．misjudge v．对(人或情况)判断错误→judge v．判断 n．法官→judgement n．判断力；
识别力；看法
3．acknowledge v．承认(某事属实或某情况存在)；感谢→acknowledgement n．承认；感谢
4．novelist n．小说家→novel n．小说 adj.新颖的
5．comprehension n．理解(力)→comprehend v．理解
6．tenderness n．柔情→tender adj.温柔的
7．motive n．(尤指隐藏的)动机，原因，目的→motivate v．激励；成为……的动机
→motivated adj.积极的；主动的→motivation n．积极性；动机
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．fasten vt.& vi.系牢；扣紧；关住
2．glimpse vt.瞥见；看一眼 n．一瞥；短暂的感受
3．quiver n．箭筒；轻微的颤抖 vi.颤抖；哆嗦
4．reel vi.蹒跚；踉跄
5．confine...to 把 …… 局限于；把 …… 限制于
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共8分)
1．be surprised at 对 …… 感到吃惊
2．leave an impression on 给……留下印象
3．attempt to do 尝试做
4． beyond one ’ s expectation(s) 出乎所料
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．He assumed that the skinny female was poor.His decision to help her was based on the false
assumption.(assume)
2．Mary was too frightened to tell her family the frightening scene because it frightened her todeath.Whenever she thought of it，she was trembling with fright.(frighten)
3．She was not good at expressing herself，which led to the awkward expression on her face
when asked the question.(express)
4．I admire my roommate for her graceful manner.She can deal with everything gracefully and
properly.(grace)
5．Judging from his failure，it was his lack of experience that affected his own judg(e)ment.
(judge)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．A hobby is compared to a special friend that you choose for yourself.
2．It is urged that we students take regular exercise to keep fit and energetic.
3．What’s more important is that my little progress in English boosts my confidence.
4．The project had to be abandoned due to a lack of government funding.
5．It is well worth making an effort to promote the public awareness of environmental protection.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分)
1．她站在门口好像在等某个人。(状语从句的省略)She stood at the gate as if waiting for
someone.
2．当其他人保持沉默时，试着第一个表达你的意见。(the＋序数词＋to do)
Just try to be the first to voice your opinion when others keep silent.
3．山脚下有一个小镇。(副词位于句首引起全部倒装)
There lies a small town at the foot of the mountain.
4．我从未见过比玛丽更优雅的女孩。(否定词位于句首引起部分倒装)
Never have I met a girl more graceful than Mary.
5．我已经习惯每天晚上睡觉之前读几个故事。(it作形式宾语；rule)
I have made it a rule to read a few stories every night before going to bed.
To tell you the truth，the motive for me to learn English well is to travel around the
world.Besides，I have 1.a profound love for English.Every morning，I intently recite English
words and expressions with the aim of 2.enlarging(enlarge) my vocabulary.3.Whatever small
progress I have made can boost my 4.confidence(confident)．However，it is heartbreaking
that I have never advanced further since last exam.I acknowledge that sometimes I don’t want to
bother to read English articles，and I even pretend 5.to have(have) strong comprehension.My
loyal and 6.graceful(grace) roommate 7.with freckles on her face，a bookish student，once
8.pointed(point) out what I have overlooked.She uttered with tenderness，“Once you get rid
of your defects，you 9.will make(make) immense progress.Never be timid.” Not knowing
how to repay her assistance，I should study 10.harder(hard) to express my heartfelt gratitude.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
pretend v．假装，装作；假扮
pretend
(1)He pretended to be sleeping(sleep) when his teacher stepped into his dormitory.
(2)My timid roommate pretended to have solved(solve) the problem，but actually，he didn’t.
(3)(读后续写之动作描写)他拖着脚走进卧室，打开一本书假装在看，眼泪掉在打开的书页上。
He dragged his feet into the bedroom，opened a book and pretended to read，with tears dropping
to the open page.
(4)我们在街上相遇时，她装作不认识我，这确实使我很伤心。
She pretended that she didn ’ t know me/pretended not to know me when we met in the street，
which really upset me.
bother v．打扰；烦扰；麻烦；操心；(使)苦恼 n．[U]烦扰；麻烦；困难；[C]麻烦的
事；讨厌的人
bother to do/doing sth操心/费心做某事
bother sb with/about sth用某事打扰或麻烦某人
bother sb to do sth麻烦某人做某事
It bothers/bothered sb that.../to do...使某人烦恼的是……
(1)It bothers my loyal friend that she has many freckles on her face.
(2)(应用文写作之感谢信)我过去常常麻烦您为我做很多事情，您总是费心地帮助我摆脱困境。
我写这封信是为了向您表达我衷心的感谢。
I used to bother you to do many things for me/used to bother you with many things and you always
bothered to help/helping me out of difficulty.I am writing to convey my heartfelt gratitude to you.
acknowledge vt.认可；承认(某事属实或某情况存在)；确认；感谢；告知收到
(acknowledgement n．承认；感谢；收件复函)
acknowledge sb/sth to be/as...认为某人/物是……；承认某人/物是……
acknowledge doing/having done sth承认做了某事
It is universally/widely acknowledged that...……是大家公认的。
(1)He is widely acknowledged to be(be) one of the best novelists in the world.
(2)Tom acknowledged being defeated/having been defeated(defeat) in the English speech
competition，which made us quite depressed.(3)(应用文写作之演讲稿)我感谢我的英语老师，没有他我不可能在英语方面取得如此大的进
步。
I acknowledge my English teacher，without whom I couldn’t have made such great progress in
English.
(4)(2022·浙江6月，应用文写作)位于我们校图书馆二楼的自习室给我们学生提供了一个自
主学习和合作学习的理想场所，这是大家公认的。
It is universally/widely acknowledged that the self-study room located on the second floor in our
school library provides us students with an ideal place for independent and cooperative learning.
make an/every effort/make efforts to do sth 努力做某事
in an effort to do sth为了做某事
spare no effort to do sth不遗余力地做某事
without effort毫不费力地
with effort努力地，艰难地
(1)雨下得很大，我们吃力地向前走，不知道什么时候能赶到营地。
It rained heavily and we plodded forward with effort，wondering when we could make it to the
campsite.
(2)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我不遗余力地为写作比赛做准备。为了使我的文章完美，我
查阅相关材料。我的老师提醒我：“没有人能毫不费力地成功。”
I spared no effort to make preparations for the writing contest.I referred to relevant materials in
an effort to make my article perfect.My teacher reminded me，“Nobody can succeed without
effort.”
as引导状语从句 As a song in Ugly Betty puts it，“It’s a pretty person’s world”．
正如《丑女贝蒂》里的歌曲所唱的那样，“这是一个看脸的世界”。
as作连词，有以下用法：
·“按照……的方式(方法)；如同……”，引导方式状语从句。
·“当……时候；一边……一边……；随着”，引导时间状语从句。
·“因为；既然”，引导原因状语从句。
·“尽管”，引导让步状语从句。
·引导比较状语从句，常用于as...as...句型，意为“像……一样……”(第一个as是副词，第
二个as是连词)。
(1)写出下列句子中as的汉语意思
①As time goes by，Beijing Opera has enjoyed great popularity，becoming one of the most
popular dramas in China. 随着②I’ll behave toward them as I would like to be treated. 如同
③Child as he is，he has a good command of English.尽管
④I oppose you taking part in the relay race，as you haven’t recovered from the knee injury.因为
(2)(读后续写之紧张心理描写)随着熊逐渐靠近他们，这对夫妇浑身颤抖，如坐针毡。
As the bear got closer and closer to them，the couple shook all over，feeling like being on pins
and needles.
(3)(2020·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)尽管我们又累又饿，但是我们从这次五千米越野赛跑中受
益匪浅。(运用倒装句)
Exhausted and hungry as we were，we benefited a lot from the five-kilometer cross-country
running race.
用法点拨 当as引导让步状语从句时，从句使用部分倒装，即将形容词、副词、名词、动
词原形等放于as前面；单数可数名词提前时应该省掉冠词。
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．acknowledge
(1)The director announced that all applications will be acknowledged. C
(2)This reform is acknowledged as a milestone in the history of the development of our country.
A
(3)I acknowledge Mr Smith，without whom I couldn’t have acquired such great achievements.
B
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)How can I ever repay you for your generosity？报答
(2)Their room was on the third floor，its window overlooking the sports ground.俯瞰；眺望
(3)No wonder so many of us suffer from emotional fatigue，a kind of utter exhaustion of the
spirit.完全的，十足的，彻底的
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．On the assumption(assume) that I am offered a chance，I promise that I can cope with the
complicated situation.
2．It is crucial for us to have loyalty(loyal) and commitment when serving the people.
3．She resembles her sister in character and both of them are optimistic.
4. In the meantime，she acknowledged dropping/having dropped(drop) out of the travel agency.
5．I have a desire to get (get) rid of my bad habit，so I would appreciate it if you could offer me
some advice.
6 ． From their confused expression ， it can be inferred that the article is beyond theircomprehension(comprehend)．
7．He pretended to have been exposed(expose) to English since an early age，but further
communication gave away his secret.
8．Child as/though he is，he is greedy for knowledge and commits himself to reading more
books.
完成句子
1．随着时间的流逝，越来越多的青少年太在意自己的外表了。(as引导的时间状语从句)
2．他们不厌其烦地把自己打扮得更漂亮，认为没有好的外表和身材就找不到好工作。
(bother to do；现在分词短语作状语)
3．我们应该努力学习，多读书，提高我们的内在美。(make every effort to do)
4．众所周知，读书可以激发我们对生活的热情，帮助我们开阔视野。(it is universally
acknowledged that)
5．外表美固然重要，但内在美更重要，它让我们能获得他人的信任和友谊。(as引导的让步
状语从句；which引导的定语从句)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
As time goes by，more and more teenagers care about their appearances too much.As a
consequence，they bother to make themselves more beautiful，thinking that they can’t get a
good job without good appearances and figures.
As far as I am concerned，we should make every effort to work hard，read more books and
enhance our inner beauty.It is universally acknowledged that reading books can arouse our passion
for life and help broaden our horizons.
In conclusion，important as physical beauty is，inner beauty is more important，whichenables us to gain trust and friendship from others.Otherwise，we would end up with poor abilities
and narrow-mindedness.
教材语料整合
[情感描写] heartbreaking；melancholy；heartfelt；compassion；intently；
profound；tenderness
亮词
[外貌描写] freckle；jawline；makeover；skinny；monstrous；graceful；
immense
1.When I first moved into my dormitory at college，this made my roommates
quite confused as they saw me in the same clothes day after day.(情感描写)
2.I was surprised at how good I looked after the makeover！(情感描写)
3.When there’s danger，he never hesitates to protect others.(结尾升华句)
美句
4.He is a thin and bookish boy with untidy dark hair.He doesn’t appear to be
particularly tough and sometimes looks as if he lacks confidence.(外貌描写)
5.“Poor wretch！” exclaimed Esmeralda，with an expression of heartfelt
compassion.He began to smile sadly.(情感描写)
拓展语料积累 动作细节描写：笑(一)
单 smile微笑 laugh 发笑 roar 哄笑 simper矫揉造作地笑 tease 戏弄，揶揄
词 mock嘲笑 smirk 傻笑，自鸣得意地笑 grin 咧嘴笑 beam眉开眼笑
a big/broad/wide/bright smile 灿烂的微笑 smile and wink笑着眨眼 a smiling face
笑脸 explode with laughter哄堂大笑 force/manage/squeeze a smile 强作欢颜
词
flash a bright smile露出灿烂的微笑 beam with smiles/pleasure 笑逐颜开 light up
块
喜形于色，喜气洋洋 crack a smile展颜微笑，莞尔一笑 burst into laughter/burst
out laughing 突然大笑 grin from ear to ear笑得合不拢嘴
He said thanks and smiled with a row of perfect teeth.他说了声谢谢，笑了，露出一
排完美的牙齿。
The smile faded from his lips，his face turned pale，and his hands trembled.他嘴唇上
的笑容消失了，他的脸色变得苍白，双手颤抖。
句 With a broad/wide/bright smile on her lips,15-year-old Jenny rushed to her mom’s
型 room to show off her new painting.(with的复合结构)15岁的珍妮嘴角挂着灿烂的微
笑，冲到妈妈的房间炫耀她的新画。
Her mother was thrilled at the beautiful painting，a broad smile spreading
across/crossing her face.(独立主格)她母亲看到这幅美丽的画非常激动，脸上绽开了
灿烂的笑容。Happily，when she pictured herself becoming a painter，her face lit up and lips curved
in a smile.令人高兴的是，当她想象自己成为一名画家时，她喜形于色，嘴角绽开
了笑容。
Grinning from ear to ear，she hurried back to her bedroom with great expectations.(现
在分词短语作状语)她笑得合不拢嘴，满怀期待地匆匆回到卧室。
语料运用 内心善良
Skinny Mary with freckles on her face wore a cheap and second-hand dress.When seeing her
ugly dress，her classmates①exploded with laughter.② The smile faded from Mary ’ s lips ， her
face turned pale ， and her hands trembled .Being laughed at/teased made Mary drowned in endless
sadness.At that time，③ with a broad/wide/bright smile on her lips(with 复合结构)，the head
teacher approached them，saying，“My dear students，Mary may not have the fanciest dress，
but she possesses a heart brimming with kindness and a willingness to help others.” Then
Mary’s classmates sincerely apologised to her.④Grinning from ear to ear(现在分词短语作状语)，
Mary willingly accepted their apologies.Their laughter lit up the whole classroom.Seeing her
students，the teacher stood there，⑤a broad smile spreading across/crossing her face(独立主格)．
瘦削的玛丽脸上长着雀斑，穿着一件廉价的二手衣服。看到她那难看的衣服，同学们哄
堂大笑。玛丽嘴唇上的笑容消失了，她的脸变得苍白，双手颤抖。被人嘲笑使玛丽沉浸在无
尽的悲伤中。这时，班主任嘴唇上挂着灿烂的微笑，走到他们面前说：“亲爱的同学们，玛
丽也许没有最华丽的衣服，但她有一颗满怀善意的心，愿意帮助别人。”然后玛丽的同学真
诚地向她道歉。玛丽笑得合不拢嘴，欣然接受了他们的道歉。他们的笑声照亮了整个教室。
看着她的学生，老师站在那里，脸上露出了灿烂的笑容。
高考题型组合练 31
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Poetry Writing Contest
Contest information
Deadline：November 30th
Results：Announced on December 31st
Prizes：Win $1,600 in prize money
Guest judges：Ken Liu，Brian Evenson，and Faylita Hicks
Entry requirements
Your poetry can be laid out as you wish，as we understand that form often relates to the effect
of a poem.However，please be sure to stick to a maximum of 3 pages per poem.Submission guidelines
We accept works，written in English，from anywhere in the world.But we don’t accept
works previously published elsewhere.
Writers over the age of thirteen are welcome to participate.Please note that if you’re aged 13
－16 and your work is selected for publication，we’ll require a signature from a parent or a
guardian.
Please include your name and contact information in your cover letter only and remove any
identifying information from both the submitted work and the file name.
We edit every piece accepted for publication whether your work is selected for publication
through our online blog or in our print magazine.For this cooperative process we’ll pair you with
one of our senior editors.All our editors have been trained to help guide the development of each
piece to reach its fullest potential in keeping with the author’s vision.This doesn’t mean we’ll
take on a wild jumble of words and half-formed thoughts.
Notes
The contest reserves the right to NOT award a winner if the submissions don’t reach a
publishable standard.In this case，the winner won’t be announced.Although this has rarely come
to pass in our six-year publishing history，our top priority must remain with the quality of the
work we publish.
语篇解读 本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍的是诗歌写作比赛的相关信息。
1．What do you have to avoid in order to participate in the contest?
A．Writing a 3-page-long poem.
B．Writing your work in English.
C．Providing your contact information.
D．Submitting your entry after November 30th.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据Contest information部分的“Deadline：November 30th”可知，为
了参加比赛，你必须避免在11月30日之后提交你的作品。故选D。
2．What do we know about the contest?
A．It is held on an annual basis.
B．It is intended for teenagers only.
C．It is open to global poetry lovers.
D．It is aimed at making poetry more popular.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据 Submission guidelines 部分的“We accept works，written in
English，from anywhere in the world.”可知，这个比赛对全球诗歌爱好者开放。故选C。
3．What are you expected to do if your poem is selected for publication?A．Make sure that it is original.
B．Polish it as you’re required to.
C．Go to receive the prize on time.
D．Give your permission to publish it.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据 Submission guidelines 部分的“We edit every piece accepted for
publication whether your work is selected for publication through...For this cooperative process
we’ll pair you with one of our senior editors.All our editors...”可知，如果你的诗被选上出版，
你要按要求对诗歌进行润色，故选B。
B
My husband and I always wanted to go to the Caribbean but didn’t know much about the
islands or how we were going to afford it.By chance，a friend of ours in Australia mentioned
“pet sitting” and that it is something you can do all over the world.
We quickly created an account on a pet sitting website and began searching for options.There
were only a couple of sits available in that part of the world，but we tried our luck，sent a
request，and to our surprise landed a three-month job in Grenada，so our year was going to be
taken up with Caribbean pet sits.
Inspired by a Canadian couple，we decided to start our own travel blog.We began by writing
about the Virgin Islands，highlighting the beautiful beaches.However，for every photo album of a
beautiful beach，there were 10 photos of trash(垃圾)．It was hard to ignore the plastic pollution
issue，especially on such primitive and remote beaches.So，we began to share photos of the trash
we saw and how much we could pick up on our daily dog walks.
The more we looked into plastic pollution，the more we realized the severity of the global
plastic pollution.From that point，we used our platform to create awareness and highlight ways to
say no to plastic and travel plastic-free.We changed our daily routines，our way of living，and
even our diets to accommodate more organic foods and little to no plastic packaging.
It’s been over three years now and we continue to do what we can.This journey has led us to
some amazing places，working with great brands and even organizing a country-wide beach clean-
up campaign in Grenada.
Our aim now is to keep on going.We love connecting with like-minded people.It’s been
amazing few years that was sparked by a conversation about pet sitting.Who would have guessed?
语篇解读 本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者因为一次宠物看护工作去了一座很美丽的小
岛，但是小岛却被塑料所污染，之后作者一直致力于环境保护工作。
4．Why did the author do pet sitting?
A．To raise fund.
B．To protect the environment.C．To cover travel expenses.
D．To shoot beautiful beaches.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“My husband and I always wanted to go to the Caribbean
but didn’t know much about the islands or how we were going to afford it.”可知，作者做“宠
物看护”的工作是为了支付自己和丈夫旅行的费用。故选C。
5．What does the author intend to convey through her story?
A．Pet sitting is a new type of occupation.
B．The Caribbean is an ideal travel destination.
C．Travel blog is a superb way to gain popularity.
D．Action should be taken to fight plastic pollution.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段末句“So，we began to share photos of the trash we saw and
how much we could pick up on our daily dog walks.”和第四段首句“The more we looked into
plastic pollution，the more we realized the severity of the global plastic pollution.”可推知，作者
想通过自己的故事告诉读者应该采取措施应对塑料污染。故选D。
6．How did the author find her experience in the Caribbean?
A．Significant. B．Challenging.
C．Adventurous. D．Terrible.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第五段中的“This journey has led us to some amazing places，
working with great brands and even organizing a country-wide beach clean-up campaign in
Grenada.”可推知，作者认为自己在加勒比的经历是非常有意义的。故选A。
7．Which of the following can be a suitable title for the text?
A．Changing Lifestyles by Pet Sitting
B．Unexpected Gains from Pet Sitting Travel
C．Dealing with Global Environmental Pollution
D．The Availability of Pet Sitting in the Caribbean
答案 B
解析 标题归纳题。通读全文可知，文章主要讲述了作者因为一次宠物看护工作去了一座很
美丽的小岛，但是小岛却被塑料所污染，所以作者把看到的垃圾分享到网络上，希望唤起人
们的环保意识，之后作者一直致力于环境保护工作。B项“宠物看护之旅的意外收获”可以
概括文章大意，适合作为本文的标题。故选B。
C
Definitions of adult learning vary，but it is usually defined as all forms of learning undertakenby adults after having left initial education and training，however far this process may have gone.
Education and training are important factors for achieving the strategy objectives of raising
economic growth competitiveness and social inclusion.However，with some exceptions，the
process of implementing education and training remains weak.Most education and training
systems are still largely focused on the education and training of young people and limited progress
has been made in changing systems to mirror the need for learning throughout the lifespan.
An additional 4 million adults would need to participate in lifelong learning.Recent research
confirms the importance of investing in adult learning.The research on adults indicates that those
who engage in learning are healthier，with a consequent reduction in healthcare costs.
The big economic challenge in Europe is to raise its growth and employment performance
while preserving social cohesion(凝聚力)．The rapid progress in other regions of the world shows
the importance of creative ，advanced and quality education and training as key factors of
economic competitiveness.General levels of competence must increase，both to meet the needs of
the labour market and to allow citizens to function well in today’s society.
Europe is facing big demographic(人口的) changes that will have a major impact on society
and on the economy and consequently on education and training provision and needs.Over the next
30 years，the number of younger Europeans will fall by 15%.One in three Europeans will be over
60 years old，and about one in ten will be over 80.
Given the challenges identified above ， raising the overall level of skills of the adult
population by offering more and better learning opportunities throughout adult life is important for
both efficiency and equity reasons.Not only does lifelong learning help make adults more efficient
workers and more active citizens，it also contributes to their personal well-being.
语篇解读 本文是议论文。文章主要介绍了终身教育的好处和推广终身教育的必要性。
8．Which can replace the underlined word “implementing” in paragraph 2?
A．Carrying out. B．Taking in.
C．Knowing about. D．Looking over.
答案 A
解析 词义猜测题。根据画线部分下文的 “Most education and training systems are still
largely...for learning throughout the lifespan.”可知，大多数教育系统仍主要关注年轻人，而关
注终身教育的体系却没取得什么进步，即实施教育和培训的进程仍然薄弱。由此可推知，
implementing意为“执行，实施”，相当于carrying out。故选A项。
9．What can we learn from the research?
A．Adults have reduced healthcare costs.
B．Learning is good for adults’ health.
C．Few adults need to receive learning.
D．More researches will focus on learning.答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段的“The research on adults indicates that those who engage in
learning are healthier，with a consequent reduction in healthcare costs.”可知，参与学习有益于
成年人的健康。故选B项。
10．What problem does Europe face according to the text?
A．Europeans are not healthy.
B．Many old Europeans have died.
C．The European population is aging.
D．Young Europeans are out of work.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据第五段“Europe is facing big demographic(人口的) changes...Over the
next 30 years，the number of younger Europeans will fall...about one in ten will be over 80.”可
知，未来三十年，欧洲年轻人的数量会减少，而老年人的数量会增多。这表明欧洲正面临人
口老龄化问题。故选C项。
11．What does the author want to express in the last paragraph?
A．Lifelong learning is essential.
B．Raising adult population is significant.
C．We should help more efficient workers.
D．Work contributes to personal well-being.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段的“Given the challenges identified above，raising the
overall level...important for both efficiency and equity reasons.”可知，作者想表达终身教育是
必不可少的。故选A项。
Ⅱ.七选五
Much of the work in today’s world is accomplished(完成) in teams.Talent is believed to be
crucial for building a strong team. 1 Companies spend millions hiring top business people.Is
their money well spent?
2 They focused on football，basketball and baseball.The results are mixed.For football
and basketball，adding talented players to a team proves a good method，but only up to the point
where 70% of the players are top talent；above that level，the team’s performance begins to
decline.Interestingly，this trend isn’t evident in baseball，where additional individual talent
keeps improving the team’s performance.
To explain this phenomenon ， the researchers explored the degree to which a good
performance by a team requires its members to coordinate(协调) their actions. 3 In baseball，
the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates.They conclude that when
task interdependence is high，team performance will suffer when there is too much talent，whileindividual talent will have positive effects on team performance when task interdependence is
lower.If a basketball star is，for example，trying to gain a high personal point total，he may take
a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the team’s
performance.Young children learning to play team sports are often told，“There is no I in
TEAM.” 4
Another possibility is that too much talent on a team can lead to decreased motivation and
effort from some players.Just as in a game of tug of war(拔河比赛)，whenever a person is
added，everyone else pulls the rope with less force.
5 An A-team may require a balance--not just A players，but a few generous B players as
well.
A．It’s not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.
B．Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talent.
C．The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers’ attention.
D．Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsmanship.
E．Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world.
F．Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent.
G．This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲了一支最佳阵容球队比雇用最优秀的人才要复杂得
多。一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅量的普通球
员。
1．答案 B
解析 上文说“人们普遍认为人才对于建立一个强大的团队来说至关重要”。下文说“公司
花费数百万雇用顶级商业人士”。该空承上启下，也是在举例，B选项“运动队老板花费数
百万美元吸引顶尖人才”与下文构成并列关系，故选B。
2．答案 E
解析 下文说的是顶尖人才加入体育团队中所带来的结果，该空引出下文，E选项“最近的
几项研究调查了体育世界中人才的作用”切题，故选E。
3．答案 G
解析 上文说“为了解释这一现象，研究人员探索了好的表现要求队员们协调他们行动的程
度”，下文对棒球和篮球分别进行了说明，该空承上启下，应是关于棒球、篮球等的团队合
作问题，G选项“这项任务的相互依赖性使棒球区别于足球和篮球”切题，故选G。
4．答案 D
解析 上文说了一个球星为了个人得分，而影响团队的表现，该空承接上文，应是关于体育
比赛中的团队精神，D选项“球星显然没有遵守运动员精神的基本原则”切题，故选D。
5．答案 F解析 下文说“一支一流球队可能需要一种平衡——不仅仅是最好球员，也需要一些有雅
量的普通球员”。该空引出下文，应是关于雇用人才上的选择，F选项“建立一支最佳阵容
球队比简单地雇用最优秀的人才要复杂得多”切题，故选F。
