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Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．fiction n．小说；虚构的事
2．fable n．寓言
3．genre n．(艺术、写作、音乐等的)类型，体裁
4．romance n．爱情故事；罗曼史；爱情
5．detective n．侦探，警探
6．subjective adj.主观的；主语的
7．contradictory adj.矛盾的；抵触的
8．riddle n．迷，谜语；谜团
9．rhyme n．押韵
10．tone n．(说话的)语气，口气，腔调；(尤指乐器或说话的)音调，音色，音质
11．setting n．(书、影片等中情节发生的)背景；环境
12．era n．时代，年代
13．shelf n．搁板，架子
14．scan vt.(用电磁波等)扫描
15．unseen adj.未受注意的；未被看见的
16．pneumonia n．肺炎
17．backwards adv.往回，往前面；向后，朝后
18．ivy n．常春藤
19．vine n．葡萄属植物；葡萄藤
20．nonsense n．胡说，废话；荒谬的想法(看法)
21．curtain n．窗帘；门帘；帘子
22．janitor n．(学校或大楼的)看门人，门房，管理员
23．inch n．英寸
24．queer adj.奇怪的，难以解释的
25．harness n．(马的)挽具，马具
26．downy adj.被绒毛覆盖的；充满绒毛的27．flake n．小薄片
28．daffodil n．水仙(花)，黄水仙
29．vale n．谷；山谷
30．margin n．(尤指地域或水域的)边缘，边隅；页边的空白，页边
31．bay n．湾，海湾
32．sprightly adj.活跃的，充满活力的
33．glee n．高兴，兴奋；幸灾乐祸
34．gay [旧时]adj.快乐的，兴奋的
35．jocund adj.快活的；高兴的
36．oft adv.经常，时常
37．couch n．长沙发
38．vacant adj.空的，未被占用的
39．pensive adj.沉思的；郁郁不乐的
40．inward adj.内心的，精神的
41．bliss n．极乐，无上幸福，福佑，至福
42．solitude n．独处，独居
43．league n．里格；联赛；同盟
44．recollection n．想起，记起
45．being n．生物(尤指人)；诞生；出现；存在
46．whale n．鲸
47．weapon n．武器，兵器；凶器
48．steel n．钢，钢铁
49．seaman n．水手，海员；水兵
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．folk adj.民间的，民俗的
2．logic n．逻辑；道理，合理的想法
3．recite vi.& vt.背诵；朗诵
4．structure n．结构，构造；建筑物，结构体
5．submit vt.呈送，提交，呈递
6．stare vi.凝视，盯着看
7．blank adj.空白的 n．(纸张上的)空白处，空格
8.blanket n．毯子，毛毯
9．aside adv.到旁边，在旁边
10．sail vi.& vt.飘；(乘船)航行
11．fetch vt.(去)拿来；(去)请来；(去)找来12．slip vi.溜走，悄悄地走；滑倒
13．fellow n．男人；家伙
14．clothing n．服装，衣服
15．sweep n．挥动；打扫vt.& vi.扫，打扫
16．wander vi.& vt.徘徊，闲逛；漫步于
17．flutter vi.& vt.(在空中)飘扬，飘动；振(翼)，拍打(翅膀)
18．breeze n．微风，和风
19．twinkle vi.闪烁，闪耀
20．stretch vi.& vt.延伸，绵延；(使)变大；(使)变松；拉长
21．glance n．一瞥，很快的一看 vi.一瞥，看一眼
22．toss vi.& vt.甩头；扔，掷，抛
23．wave n．海浪，波涛；(行为、活动或感情的)一阵，风潮 vi.& vt.挥动，摆动；挥手
24．sparkling adj.闪亮的，闪光的
25．gaze vi.& n．凝视，盯着看；注视
26．sink vi.& vt.下沉，沉没
27．grab vt.攫取，抓住
28．nevertheless adv.然而，不过；尽管如此
29．drown vi.& vt.(使)淹死，(使)溺毙
30．strike vi.& vt.打，击，撞；突然发生不幸 n．罢工；打击
31．chest n．胸部，胸膛
32．bounce vi.& vt.(使)弹起，(使)反弹
33．solid adj.固体的；坚硬的
34．daybreak n．黎明，破晓
35．utter vt.(尤指吃力地)发出(声音)
36．aboard prep.& adv.在(船，飞机，火车)上；上(船，飞机，火车)
37．scholar n．有学问的人；学者
38．fence vi.击剑n.栅栏，围栏，篱笆
39．handkerchief n．手帕
40．noble adj.高尚的，崇高的；贵族的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．poetry n．诗，诗歌；诗情，诗意→poet n．诗人→poem n．诗
2．drama n．戏剧；戏剧表演；戏剧性事件→dramatic adj.激动人心的；给人深刻印象的；
巨大而突然的；表演的，戏剧的→dramatically adv.戏剧地；显著地
3．adventure n．历险，奇遇→adventurous adj.有冒险精神的；大胆开拓的；惊险的4．fantasy n．幻想作品；幻想，想象；空想→fantastic adj.极好的
5．stimulating adj.使人兴奋的；饶有趣味的→stimulate vt.刺激；激励→stimulation n．刺激；
激励；激发
6．absorbing adj.十分吸引人的，引人入胜的→absorb vt.吸引；吸收；理解→absorbed adj.
被……吸引住；专心致志的
7．mystery n．难以理解的事物，谜；悬疑故事→mysterious adj.神秘的；奇怪的
8．literary adj.文学的→literature n．文学；文献资料
9．historical adj.历史的→historic adj.历史上著名的；有历史意义的→history n．历史
→historian n．历史学家
10．registration n．登记，注册→register v．登记；注册
11．icy adj.极冷的；被冰覆盖的→ice n．冰
12．disbelief n．不信，怀疑→belief n．相信；信心；信念→believe v．相信→disbelieve
v．不信，怀疑
13．crime n．罪，罪行；犯罪活动→criminal n．罪犯
14．frozen adj.(河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的→freeze v．(河、湖等)结冰→freezing
adj.极冷的；冰冻的
15．continuous adj.持续的，不间断的，连续的→continue v．延续，继续→continuation n．
延续，继续部分
16．violent adj.暴力的，强暴的；强烈的→violence n．暴力，暴行
17．desperation n．绝望；拼命，不顾一切→desperate adj.绝望的；渴望的→desperately
adv.绝望地；不顾一切地
18．ease n．轻易，毫不费劲→easy adj.容易的→easily adv.容易地；不费力地
19．preservation n．维护；保护；保持，维持；保存→preserve vt.维护；保护
20．unconscious adj.不省人事的，失去知觉的→conscious adj.察觉到的；意识到的；有知觉
的→consciousness n．知觉；觉悟；意识
21．evidently adv.明显地，显然→evident adj.明显的→evidence n．证据
22．polished adj.擦亮的，磨光的；精湛的；精致的→polish v．擦亮，磨光n.抛光；完美，
精湛
23．construction n．建筑物；建造物；建造，建筑→construct vt.建筑，建造→constructive
adj.建设性的
24．comfort vt.安慰，抚慰 n．舒适感，满足感→comfortable adj.舒适的→uncomfortable
adj.(人)不舒服的；不安的；不自在的
25．emotional adj.情绪的，情感的；敏感的；情绪激动的→emotion n．情绪，情感
26．poison n．毒药，毒素，毒物 vt.毒害，毒杀→poisonous adj.有毒的
27．forgive vi.& vt.原谅，宽恕，饶恕→forgiveness n．原谅，宽恕，饶恕1．dull/dʌl/adj.无趣的，枯燥的
2．interfere with sth/sb妨碍，阻止
3．resist/rI'zIst/vi.& vt.忍住，按捺；反抗，抵御
4．intellectual/ˌIntə'lektʃuəl/adj.智力的，脑力的
5．notable/'nəʊtəbəl/adj.显要的；显著的
6．genetic/dʒə'netIk/adj.基因的，遗传学的
7．inherit/In'herIt/vt.经遗传得到
8．fairly/'feəli/adv.相当，颇；公平合理地
9．perceptive/pə'septIv/adj.观察敏锐的，洞察力强的
10．observant/əb'zɜːvənt/adj.观察敏锐的，机警的
11．witty/'wIti/adj.说话风趣的；妙趣横生的
12．inquisitive/In'kwIzətIv/adj.好问的，爱探究的
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．stare at盯着
2．in an attempt to do sth试着做某事
3．make up one’s mind下定决心
4．be tired of厌倦
5．with disbelief不相信地；怀疑地
6．hold on坚持；等一等
7．in desperation绝望地
8．struggle against为反对……而斗争
9．wake up醒来
10．search...for...为了寻找……而搜查……
11．shake with cold冷得发抖
12．take...for granted视……为理所当然(而对其不重视)
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．In 40 years he had never produced the masterpiece he longed to paint.(long to do...)
40年来，他从未创作出他渴望画的杰作。
2．The crash was so violent that I have no clear recollection of falling from the boat.(so...that...)
撞击实在是太猛烈了，我不清楚自己是怎么从船上摔下来的。
3．If master would be so good as to hold onto my shoulder，master would swim with much
greater ease.(so...as to...)
如果主人能抓牢我的肩膀，主人会游得轻松很多。
4．The blow produced a sound of metal；and，incredible though it may be，it seemed as if it
was made of metal plates.(though引导的让步状语从句的倒装)撞击时，这东西发出金属的声音；虽然这听起来可能令人难以置信，但它似乎是由金属板做
成的。
5．I couldn’t say where I was，nor could I imagine.(nor位于句首引起的部分倒装)
我说不出我在哪里，我也无法想象。
6．Then came the sound of a heavy door opening，and two seamen appeared.(then位于句首引
起的完全倒装)
接着传来了沉重的开门声，两位水手出现了。
默写练习(一)
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共11分)
1．fiction n．小说；虚构的事
2．romance n．爱情故事；罗曼史；爱情
3．detective n．侦探，警探
4．subjective adj.主观的；主语的
5．contradictory adj.矛盾的；抵触的
6．riddle n．迷，谜语；谜团
7．setting n． ( 书、影片等中情节发生的 ) 背景；环境
8．scan vt. ( 用电磁波等 ) 扫描
9．unseen adj.未受注意的；未被看见的
10．nonsense n． 胡说，废话；荒谬的想法 ( 看法 )
11．curtain n．窗帘；门帘；帘子
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共16分)
1．folk adj.民间的，民俗的
2．recite vi.& vt.背诵；朗诵
3．structure n．结构，构造；建筑物，结构体
4．submit vt.呈送，提交，呈递
5．stare vi.凝视，盯着看
6．blank adj.空白的 n．(纸张上的)空白处，空格
7．fetch vt.(去)拿来；(去)请来；(去)找来
8．slip vi.溜走，悄悄地走；滑倒
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共12分)
1．fantasy n．幻想作品；幻想，想象；空想→fantastic adj.极好的
2．drama n．戏剧；戏剧表演；戏剧性事件→dramatic adj.激动人心的；给人深刻印象的；巨大而突然的；表演的，戏剧的→dramatically adv.戏剧地；显著地
3．literary adj.文学的→literature n．文学；文献资料
4．historical adj.历史的→historic adj.历史上著名的；有历史意义的→history n．历史
→historian n．历史学家
5．icy adj.极冷的；被冰覆盖的→ice n．冰
6．frozen adj.(河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的→freeze v．(河、湖等)结冰→freezing
adj.极冷的；冰冻的
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．dull adj.无趣的，枯燥的
2．resist vi.& vt.忍住，按捺；反抗，抵御
3．fairly adv.相当，颇；公平合理地
4．notable adj.显要的；显著的
5．witty adj.说话风趣的；妙趣横生的
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)
1．stare at 盯着
2．in an attempt to do sth 试着做某事
3． make up one ’ s mind 下定决心
4．be tired of 厌倦
5．with disbelief 不相信地；怀疑地
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共16分)
1．With so many different forms of poetry to choose from，students may eventually want to
write poems of their own.(poem)
2．Lucy，a young girl from America，is fond of adventures.Her adventurous experience is
unbelievable.(adventure)
3．Although I am absorbed in all the materials，I still have difficulty absorbing them all at once.
(absorb)
4．Having committed quite a few terrible crimes，the criminal was finally arrested.(crime)
5．There are many mysterious stories about the Egyptian pyramids，and how they were made
remains a mystery.(mystery)
6．Hearing that I held a strong belief that I could marry that handsome actor，my brother shook
his head in disbelief.(believe)
7．These stimulating stories have stimulated me to bravely pursue my dream and this kind of
stimulation will benefit me in my life.(stimulate)
8．How many students have registered for English classes at the registration office？(register)Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．I am tired of driving for hours to work，and therefore，I want to find a new job near my
home.
2．You assisted me in holding on at times when I didn’t think I could even go on trying.
3．She stared at the painting for a long time，wondering where she had seen it.
4．I had solved the most difficult math problem and everyone looked at me with disbelief.
5．Once she has made up her mind，under no circumstances will she change her mind.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共15分)
1．很长一段时间以来，我一直渴望去北京旅行。(long to do...)
For a long time，I have longed to have a journey to Beijing.
2．但我太忙了，我不能抽出时间去度假。(so...that...)
But I am so busy that I can ’ t spare the time for a holiday.
3．不过，我的老板那么好心地给了我一个7天的带薪假期。(so...as to...)
However，my boss is so kind as to give me a 7day paid holiday.
默写练习(二)
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)
1．sprightly adj.活跃的，充满活力的
2．glee n．高兴，兴奋；幸灾乐祸
3．gay [旧时] adj.快乐的，兴奋的
4．jocund adj.快活的；高兴的
5．vacant adj.空的，未被占用的
6．pensive adj.沉思的；郁郁不乐的
7．inward adj.内心的，精神的
8．whale n．鲸
9．solitude n．独处，独居
10．recollection n．想起，记起
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共24分)
1．sweep vt.& vi.扫，打扫；扫去；卷走，冲走
2．wander vi.& vt.徘徊，闲逛；漫步于
3．flutter vi.& vt.(在空中)飘扬，飘动；振(翼)，拍打(翅膀)
4．twinkle vi.闪烁，闪耀
5．stretch vi.& vt.延伸，绵延；(使)变大；(使)变松；拉长
6．glance n．一瞥，很快的一看 vi.一瞥，看一眼7．toss vi.& vt.甩头；扔，掷，抛
8．gaze vi.& n．凝视，盯着看；注视
9．sink vi.& vt.下沉，沉没
10．grab vt.攫取，抓住
11．strike vi.& vt.打，击，撞；突然发生不幸 n．罢工；打击
12．utter vt.(尤指吃力地)发出(声音)
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分)
1．ease n．轻易，毫不费劲→easy adj.容易的→easily adv.容易地；不费力地
2．unconscious adj.不省人事的，失去知觉的→conscious adj.察觉到的；意识到的；有知觉
的→consciousness n．知觉；觉悟；意识
3．polished adj.擦亮的，磨光的；精湛的；精致的→polish v．擦亮，磨光n.抛光；精湛
4．emotional adj.情绪的，情感的；敏感的；情绪激动的→emotion n．情绪；情感
5．poison n．毒药，毒素，毒物 vt.毒害，毒杀→poisonous adj.有毒的
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．interfere with sth/sb 妨碍，阻止
2．intellectual adj.智力的，脑力的
3．genetic adj.基因的，遗传学的
4．inherit vt.经遗传得到
5．perceptive adj.观察敏锐的，洞察力强的
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)
1．in desperation 绝望地
2．struggle against 为反对……而斗争
3．wake up 醒来
4．shake with cold 冷得发抖
5．take...for granted 视……为理所当然(而对其不重视)
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共16分)
1．There is too much violence in the film，so we must cut the violent scenes when it is shown
on TV.(violent)
2．When seeing so much evidence against him，the defendant was evidently in panic.(evident)
3．The bridge is under construction.That means it is being constructed.(construct)
4．The continuous rain has lasted for about a week，and the weather forecast says that it will
continue for another 3 days.(continue)
5．These new shoes are not very comfortable though they are designed for comfort.(comfort)6．He asked for his teacher’s forgiveness，and the teacher finally forgave him.(forgive)
7．In desperation，the soldiers took up their weapons to fight the enemy desperately.(desperate)
8．We are supposed to set up a preservation group to preserve wild animals from dying out.
(preserve)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2分，共10分)
1．He usually wakes up at 5 o’clock every morning and then he brushes his teeth.
2．The police were busy searching the house for the stolen jewelry.
3．He takes it for granted that our parents should forgive us for whatever we have done.
4．In desperation，Mrs Jones submitted to an operation on her right knee to relieve the pain.
5．What is known to us all is that Hawking struggled against illness in his life.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共15分)
1．虽然Bernard 年龄小，但他还是想挣钱养家。(though引导的让步状语从句的倒装)
Young though Bernard was，he wanted to earn money to support the family.
2．然后来了一个机会，他可以通过卖爆米花来赚钱。(then 位于句首引起的完全倒装)
Then came an opportunity that he could make money by selling popcorn.
3．然而，他不知道如何做爆米花，也没有卖东西赚钱过。(nor位于句首引起的部分倒装)
However，he didn’t know how to make popcorn，nor had he sold something for money.
My nephew，James，is a young fellow who likes the literary works，such as fiction，
poetry,1.and folk stories.He has a dream to be an actor.He is always 2.addicted(addict) to
dramas and fantasy works 3.whose plots are absorbing and stimulating.Sometimes he acts in a
play.Once he got a chance 4.to act(act) as an extra(群众演员)．In a scene，he wandered
backwards and forwards on a frozen lake with his body 5.wrapped(wrap) in a dirty blanket,
but slipped suddenly.Another time he acted as a seaman 6.sailing(sail) in the icy bay.He and his
partners were chasing a whale with weapons for a whole night until the daybreak.His clothing
fluttered in the cold wind and flakes of snow 7.struck(strike) him on the face.The waves were
so violent that he was tossed into the water and nearly drowned.He began to sink.In
8.desperation(desperate)，he grabbed a board.He was unconscious 9.when he was saved at
daybreak.What 10.an adventure!
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
absorbing adj.吸引人的；非常有趣的(absorb vt.吸收；理解；使专心；吸引 absorbed
adj.被……吸引住；全神贯注的)
•absorb oneself in全神贯注于absorb...from...从……中吸收……
absorb...into...把……并入……
•be/get absorbed in全神贯注于
(1)The romance in the fiction was so absorbing(absorb) and touching that I was moved to
tears.
(2)Many small shops have been absorbed into big businesses due to the strike of the global
financial crisis.
(3)蜂鸟发出一声吱吱的叫声，似乎想要吸引我的注意力。(2023·浙江1月，读后续写)
The hummingbird uttered a squeaking call and it seemed to try to absorb my attention.
(4)汤姆全神贯注于工作，所以他忘了通知我开会的时间。
①Tom was absorbed in/absorbed himself in his work，so he forgot to inform me of the time of
the meeting.
②Absorbed in his work，Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(形容词短语作状
语)
③Absorbing himself in his work，Tom forgot to inform me of the time of the meeting.(现在分词
短语作状语)
submit vt.服从；提交，递交；呈递(文件等)(submission n．提交；呈递；屈服)
submit sth to sb将某物提交给某人
submit (oneself) to屈从于……
(1)She sighed helplessly，“I shall give up my claim in submission(submit) to your wishes.”
(2)An essay not submitted(submit) in class on the due date will lose a letter grade for each class
period it is late.(2022·新课标Ⅰ)
(3)(应用文写作之通知)对这次夏令营感兴趣的人必须在5月15日之前将申请书和相关资料
提交给学生会。
Those who are interested in the summer camp must submit the applications and relevant materials
to the Student Association by May 15.
(4)大卫擦掉眼泪，高昂起头，坚定地说道：“我不会屈从于其他人的看法。”
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
David wiped his tears and held his head high，uttering determinedly，“ I won ’ t submit
(myself) to others ’ thoughts .”
stare vi.凝视；盯着看
stare at盯着，凝视
glare at怒视glance at扫一眼
gaze at凝视；注目
用上面短语的适当形式填空
(1)I stared at the blank test paper，with my hands pulling the hair，totally at a loss.
(2)The fellow glanced at the menu casually and ordered a steak and a cup of coffee.
(3)With her chin on her hands，the girl gazed at the poet with sparkling eyes.
(4)“Nonsense！” said my father angrily，glaring at me in disbelief.
frozen adj.(河、湖等)结冰的；冷冻的，冷藏的；冻僵的[freeze v．(froze，frozen)(使)结
冰；呆住freezing adj.冷冰冰的；极冷的]
•be frozen to death冻死
•freezing cold极冷的
(1)It was an extremely cold winter’s evening and freezing(freeze) fog hung in the air.
(2021·全国甲)
(2)Ants live nearly everywhere，except on frozen(freeze) mountaintops and around the poles.
(3)(读后续写之动作语言描写)父亲走进屋里，搓着手，跺着脚，说：“外面极冷。我差点被
冻死了。”
Father came into the house，rubbing his hands and stamping his feet，saying，“It is freezing
cold outside.I am almost frozen to death.”
(4)(读后续写之神态描写)当他听到这个消息时，他的笑容凝固了，不相信地摇着头。
When he heard the news ， his smile froze ，and he shook his head in disbelief.
desperation n．绝望；拼命，不顾一切(desperate adj.拼命的；绝望的；渴望的
desperately adv.绝望地；不顾一切地)
•in desperation绝望地；不顾一切地
•be desperate for渴望得到……
be desperate to do...渴望做……
(1)My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor heading towards the motorway.I ran
desperately(desperate) but failed to catch up.(2020·浙江)
(2)(读后续写之绝望心理描写) 我绝望地摇摇晃晃地走出演讲厅，我的腿好像灌了铅。
I staggered out of the lecture hall in desperation/desperately and it seemed as if my legs were as
heavy as lead.
(3)听到这个坏消息，他绝望地借酒消愁。
Hearing the bad news，so desperate was he that he drowned sadness in wine.(倒装句)
(4)(应用文写作之申请信)我真的非常渴望有机会被贵公司录取，如果您能尽早回复我，我将不胜感激。
I am really desperate for the opportunity to be admitted to your company and I would appreciate it
a lot if you could reply to me at your earliest convenience.
ease n．轻易，毫不费劲vt.减轻(痛苦、忧虑)(easy adj.容易的；不拘束的easily adv.容
易地；不费力地)
•with ease＝easily容易地；不费力地
feel at ease 舒适自在
put/set sb at ease使某人放松/自在
•ease sb of...使某人消除/减轻……
ease one’s mind使某人安心
(1)(话题写作之体育运动) Playing basketball serves as the best way to ease us of our great study
pressure and find some pleasure at the same time.
(2)(读后续写之片段描写) 因为极度紧张我的心怦怦跳，但是她的热情欢迎很快使我放松下
来。她既聪明又幽默，和她在一起我感到很自在。
My heart pounded with extreme nervousness，but her warm welcome soon put/set me at ease.She
was smart and humorous and I felt at ease with her.
(3)(话题写作之语言学习)如果你每天坚持用英语写日记，你会很容易提高你的书面英语。
If you insist on keeping diaries in English every day，you can improve your written English with
ease/easily.
aboard prep.& adv.在(船，飞机，火车)上；上(船，飞机，火车)[board vt.& vi.上船(或
火车，飞机，公共汽车等) n．木板；董事会；伙食 broad adj.宽阔的；广阔的 abroad
adv.在/到国外；在/到海外]
•go aboard上船(飞机，火车等)
aboard the train/plane/ship在火车/飞机/船上
•board a ship/plane/train登上船/飞机/火车
on board在(船，车，飞机等)上
(1)(读后续写之外貌描写)他身材高大，肩膀宽阔，留着胡子，总是满面笑容。
He is tall with broad shoulders and a beard and always wears a broad smile.
(2)(应用文写作之告知信)得知你将去国外深造，我写信告知你一些必要的注意事项。
Learning that you will go abroad for further study，I’m writing to inform you of some necessary
do’s and don’ts.
(3)她们在上车前已经互相道别，但这位母亲一直在向车上的女儿挥手，直到火车消失在视
线之外。
They had said goodbye to each other before going aboard/boarding the train，but the mother keptwaving hands to her daughter on board until the train went out of sight.
comfort n．舒适感；满足感；安慰；令人感到安慰的人或事物 vt.安慰；抚慰
(comfortable adj.舒适的；舒服的comfortably adv.舒适地 uncomfortable adj.不舒服的)
•be a comfort to/for sb对某人来说是个安慰
in comfort＝comfortably舒适地
comfort zone舒适区
•comfort sb with sth用某物安慰某人
(1)We sat in the forest comfortably(comfort)，with leaves fluttering in the breeze.
＝We sat in the forest in comfort，with leaves fluttering in the breeze.
(2)显然，对我们来说，在寒冷的夜晚喝一杯热牛奶真是一种安慰。
Evidently，drinking a cup of hot milk in cold nights is a real comfort to/for us.
(3)只有走出舒适区，我们才能取得更大的进步。
Only if we step out of the comfort zone will we make greater progress.
(4)(读后续写之动作链描写)看到我对这一幕感到不舒服，父亲站了起来，走近我，把我抱在
怀里，用鼓舞人心的话语温柔地安慰我。
Seeing I was uncomfortable with the scene，my father rose to his feet，approached me and
gathered me into his arms，gently comforting me with inspiring words.
though 引导的让步状语从句的倒装 The blow produced a sound of metal；and，
incredible though it may be，it seemed as if it was made of metal plates.撞击时，这东西发出
金属的声音；虽然这听起来可能令人难以置信，但它似乎是由金属板做成的。
在as/though引导的让步状语从句中，从句的表语/状语/动词原形往往提前到句首，构成部分
倒装。
(1)Briefly as/though she explained，we still learned a lot from her words.
(2)尽管他是个孩子，但当玉米收获时，他尽了自己的责任。
Child as/though he was，he did his part when the corn was harvested.
(3)虽然我们筋疲力尽，但我们感到非常高兴和自豪，眼睛里闪烁着喜悦的光芒。
(2020·全国Ⅱ，书面表达)
Exhausted as/though we were，we felt very jocund and proud，with our eyes twinkling with
great glee.
(4)(读后续写之悲伤心理描写)尽管我尽力了，但我失败了，一阵绝望席卷了我的全身。
Try as/though I might，I failed and a wave of desperation swept across me.
用法点拨 如果位于句首的是作表语的单数可数名词，名词前不加冠词。
nor 位于句首引起的部分倒装 I couldn’t say where I was，nor could I imagine.
我说不出我在哪里，我也无法想象。表示前文所说的情况也适用于后者时，用倒装结构“so/neither/nor＋助动词/系动词/情态动
词＋主语”。注意三个一致：
•逻辑一致：如果前文是肯定句，后文用 so引导。如果前文是否定句，后文用neither/nor引
导。
•人称一致：即so/neither/nor之后的助动词/系动词要和主语的人称和数保持一致。
•助动词一致：so/neither/nor之后的助动词/系动词要和前面句子中所使用的助动词/系动词类
型保持一致。
(1)Unfortunately，I slipped at the entrance to the park，so did my brother.
(2)I haven’t submitted my application form，neither/nor has Tom.
(3)教练对比赛结果不满意，球员们也不满意。
The coach was not satisfied with the result of their competition，neither/nor were the players.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．sweep
(1)He helplessly watched the wave sweep his cap away. B
(2)He was the only man to sweep the diving gold medals in two consecutive Olympics. D
(3)The boy helped his mother sweep away the dirt on the floor. A
(4)We need to sweep away all obstacles on our roads to success. C
2．slip
A.vi.滑倒，滑落 B.vi.悄悄疾行，溜走 C.vt.迅速放置，悄悄塞进 D.vi.下降，退步 E.n.
差错，疏漏 F.n.纸条，便条 G.vi.忘记
(1)You don’t need to apologize for a minor slip.(2020·新课标Ⅰ) E
(2)When the sun slipped behind the mountains，it shed a rosy glow all around them.(2022·全国
乙) B
(3)Due to addiction to playing computer games，the boy’s marks at school slipped sharply. D
(4)When he looked down，he accidentally slipped and fell over the edge.(2022·新课标Ⅱ) A
(5)I managed to slip a few jokes into my speech. C
(6)I wrote it down on a slip of paper in case I forgot. F
(7)Simply keeping a diary that keeps track of friends’ birthdays and other important dates will
make sure nothing slips by you.(2022·全国乙) G
3．absorb(1)One hectare of forest can absorb 23 tons of carbon dioxide per year. A
(2)In fact，most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message.(2020·新课标Ⅰ)
B
(3)That country had absorbed the small states into her empire. D
(4)Adults are portrayed(描绘) alone in many settings and poses—absorbed in a volume，deep in
thought or lost in a moment of leisure.(2023·新课标Ⅱ) C
4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)Dark clouds blanketed the summit of the mountain. v t . 覆盖
(2)The river wanders through some beautiful countries. v i . 蜿蜒
(3)Mr Smith is not available now，for he’s just gone to fetch the kids from school. v t . 去请 / 接
( 某人 )
(4)Steve looked blank and said he had no idea what I was talking about. adj . 茫然的；不理解的
(5)You rarely see boats on this stretch of the river because the current is very fast. n . 一段；一片
(6)Jenna threw the burnt piece into the sink and put in the other slice of bread.(2021·新课标Ⅰ) n .
水槽
(7)Sitting on a branch，he inched towards it and blew smoke from his torch into a tiny hole in the
hive.(2023·浙江1月) v i . 缓慢移动
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．The fiction was so absorbing(absorb) that I was entirely fascinated by it.
2．The lawyer stares at her as if to see if there are some flaws in her evidence.
3．Discussing your issues and resolving them instead of stuffing them down can improve your
emotional(emotion) health.(2021·北京)
4．The girl who is hungry and thirsty is desperate for some food and water.
5．All the applicants have submitted relevant materials to the personnel department.
6．The first time I came to this school，I was frozen(freeze) with shock facing the new
surroundings.
7．Children，on the other hand，have no idea that insect population has dropped dramatically
(dramatic)．(2023·北京)
8.Altogether，you shouldn’t take it for granted that you are sure to be employed because you
look intelligent.
9．High though/as his salary was，he was quite thrifty and only spent money on necessities.
10．Good appearance can’t guarantee you a decent salary，nor can a bachelor’s degree.假定你是李华，你的新西兰朋友Terry对中国的四大名著非常感兴趣，发邮件请你推荐
一部进行阅读。请你回复邮件，内容包括：
1.乐于推荐；
2.推荐一部作品并说明理由。
参考词汇：《红楼梦》Dream of the Red Chamber 《西游记》Journey to the West
《水浒传》Outlaws of the Marsh 《三国演义》The Romance of the Three Kingdoms
完成句子
1．得知你很想了解中国文学的四大名著，我写信向你推荐《红楼梦》。(long to do...；分词
短语作状语)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．这本书引人入胜，吸引了全世界的人。(so...that...倒装句；stimulating；absorbing)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．这部以清代为背景的小说是著名小说家曹雪芹所著，在中国文学史上具有重要意义。(过
去分词短语作状语；定语从句；setting)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．特别吸引人的是，它包含了许多优美的中国古典诗歌，我相信这些诗歌对你的汉语有益。
(定语从句)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．虽然这对外国人来说可能有点困难，但我相信，你一开始读它就会吸引你。(as/though引
导让步状语从句)
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________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
________________________________________________________________________
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参考范文
Dear Terry，
Knowing that you long to learn about the Four Great Masterpieces of Chinese Literature，I
am writing to recommend Dream of the Red Chamber to you.So absorbing and stimulating is thebook that it has attracted people all over the world.
Written by the famous novelist Cao Xueqin，the novel whose setting is in the Qing Dynasty is
of great significance in the history of Chinese literature.Especially attractive is that it contains
many graceful classical Chinese poems，which I believe will be beneficial to your Chinese.
A little difficult as/though it may be for foreigners，I am confident that it will appeal to you
the moment you start it.I sincerely hope that you enjoy reading this novel and can share your
feelings and opinions with me.
Yours，
Li Hua
教材语料整合
[情感描写] romance；dramatic；contradictory；logic；disbelief；glee；jocund；
gay；pensive；bliss；violent；desperation；sink；unconscious；blank；sprightly
亮词 [环境描写] absorbing；icy；vine；frozen；breeze；bay；sparkling；daybreak
[动作描写] submit；stare；sail；slip；inch；wander；sweep；flutter；twinkle；
glance；gaze；grab；drown；strike；utter
1.In November，a cold，unseen stranger，whom the doctors called Pneumonia，arrived
in Greenwich Village.(拟人手法)
2．...she lay，barely moving，in her bed staring at a blank wall under her blanket.(动作描
写)
3．What’s more，a cold rain was falling，mixed with snow.(环境描写)
4．Didn’t you wonder why it never moved an inch when the wind blew？(反问句)
美句
5．“Help，help！” I shouted，swimming towards the boat in desperation.(情感描写)
6．It seemed to me as if a cry answered him.(拟人手法)
7．I had almost no strength left；my fingers could hardly move；my mouth，opening and
closing，filled with salt water.I became colder and colder.I raised my head for the last
time，then I sank.(动作链描写)
8．The countryside there is wild，natural and beautiful.(环境描写)
拓展语料积累 动作细节描写：动“手臂”
单词 hug v．/n.拥抱；wave v．挥舞(手臂)；raise v．举起，抬起
wave one’s arms 挥动双臂；fold one’s arms 某人双臂交叉；hold out/open one’s
arms 某人伸出/张开双臂；pull/gather sb into one’s arms 把某人拉/抱在怀
词块 中；put/throw one’s arms around sb搂住某人；take one’s arm挽住某人的胳膊；
catch/grab one’s arm抓住某人的胳膊；with crossed arms双臂交叉；arm in arm手
挽手，臂挽臂He stood there with crossed arms，looking angry.他双臂交叉站在那里，看起来很生
气。
They are sure to welcome you with open arms.他们一定会张开双臂欢迎你的。
Walking in front of us were two cute twin sisters，arm in arm.两个可爱的双胞胎姐妹
手挽着手走在我们前面。
句型
Stunned，I stood up and gave her a grateful hug/hugged her in gratitude.我很惊
讶，站起来感激地拥抱了她。
He parked down the street not far from Bobby’s house，and rushed to his front door，
waving wildly inwards.他把车停在离鲍比家不远的街上，冲到前门，疯狂地向里挥
手。
语料运用 主题：文学创作
Encouraged by my literature teacher，I decided to create my own literary work—an absorbing
adventure story ①in which a boy was attracted by fantasies and set off on a sail to explore the
world(定语从句)．During his journey，he ②experienced a series of dramatic and thrilling
incidents and made a lot of joyful friends.The moral I wanted to convey was love and
friendship.The moment I finished the structure，③I submitted it to my teacher，hoping he could
polish it for me.When he stared at my script，④ his sparkling eyes twinkled with bliss and
excitement.After a while，he raised his eyes from my story ，⑤ gazed at me gently and
⑥gathered me in his arms，exclaiming，“Unbelievable！Never have I read a better story！”
Stunned，I ⑦gave him a grateful hug/hugged him in gratitude，and then ⑧a wave of glee
surged in my heart.After all，I made a good start on my literary road.
在文学老师的鼓励下，我决定创作自己的文学作品——一个引人入胜的冒险故事，故
事中一个男孩被幻想所吸引，扬帆探索世界。在旅途中，他经历了一系列惊心动魄的事件，
交了很多快乐的朋友。我想传达的寓意是爱和友谊。一完成故事框架，我就把它交给了我的
老师，希望他能为我修改润色。仔细看着我的手稿，他闪闪发光的眼睛闪烁着幸福和兴奋。
过了一会儿，他从我的故事中抬起眼睛，温和地凝视着我，边把我拉入他怀中，边惊呼：
“太难以置信了！我从来没有读过比这更好的故事！”我惊呆了，感激地拥抱了他，紧接着
一阵喜悦涌上了我的心头。毕竟，我在文学道路上有了一个不错的开端。
