文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．evil n．邪恶之事；祸害adj.邪恶的
2．mosquito n．蚊子
3．committee n．委员会
4．herb n．药草
5．recipe n．处方；秘诀
6．fame n．名声，名誉
7．renowned adj.著名的，有名望的
8．integrate vi.& vt.(使)结合；(使)成为一体
9．discrimination n．歧视
10．bar n．铁栅；(门、窗等的)闩
11．self-evident adj.不证自明的；显而易见的
12．horror n．令人惊恐的事
13．nightmare n．噩梦，梦魇
14．ongoing adj.继续进行的，不断发展的
15．undertake vt.着手做，承担
16．biography n．传记
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．career n．职业，事业
2．justice n．公平，公正
3．generation n．一代(人)
4．reform n．改革；改进
5．mankind n．人类
6．apart adj.& adv.分开；散开
7．drug n．药物，药材；毒品
8．female adj.女(性)的9．stage n．舞台；阶段
10．award vt.授予；给予
11．gain vt.获得，赢得，取得；受益n.好处；利益
12．literature n．文献资料；著述；文学
13．resource n．物力；资源
14．staff n．全体职员，员工
15．eventually adv.最终；终于
16．despite prep.尽管；虽然
17．potential n．潜力；可能性
18．protest n．& vi.& vt.抗议；反对
19．inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的
20．skin n．皮肤
21．further adj.更多的，进一步
22．march n．示威游行，抗议游行
23．regard vt.认为，看作
24．opportunity n．机会；时机
25．reputation n．名誉；名望
26．organisation n．组织；团体；机构
27．strike vi.& vt.突然发生(某种不幸)；突然有坏的影响；打，击
28．severe adj.很严重的
29．energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
30．advocate vt.拥护；主张n.提倡者；拥护者；鼓吹者
31．attitude n．看法，态度
32．summary n．概要；摘要；总结
33．daring adj.勇敢的
34．originally adv.原先，最初
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．admirable adj.令人钦佩的；极其出色的→admire vt.钦佩；赞赏；欣赏→admiring adj.赞
赏的，钦佩的→admiration n．钦佩；赞赏；羡慕
2．cure n．疗法 vt.治好(疾病)；治愈→curable adj.可治愈的
3.remarkable adj.不寻常的；显著的；非凡的→remarkably adv.显著地；非凡地→remark n．
& vi.& vt.评论；谈论
4．intelligent adj.聪敏的；有智慧的→intelligence n．智力；智慧
5．generous adj.无私的；大方的；慷慨的→generously adv.慷慨地→generosity n．慷慨；大
方6．creatively adv.创造性地；有创造力地→creative adj.有创造力的→create vt.创造
7．effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→effect n．效果；作用
8．honour n．荣誉 vt.感到荣幸→honourable adj.值得尊敬的；品格高尚的
9．recognition n．表彰；赞扬；认可→recognize vt.承认；公认
10．academy n．学会；研究院→academic adj.学术的；学业的→academically adv.学术上
11．establish vt.建立，设立→establishment n．建立，设立
12．chemical n．化学品adj.化学的→chemistry n．化学→chemically adv.化学上；以化学方
法→chemist n．化学家；药剂师
13．limited adj.有限的→limiting adj.限制性的→limit vt.& n．限制→limitation n．控制；
局限→limitless adj.无限的
14．promising adj.大有希望的→promise v．承诺；答应；预示 n．承诺；吉兆，迹象
15．wisdom n．知识，学问；智慧→wise adj.明智的→wisely adv.明智地
16．advance v．前进；进步；促进n.发展；进步→advanced adj.高级的；先进的
17．independence n．独立→independent adj.独立的，自主的→independently adv.独立地
18．peaceful adj.和平的，没有暴力的→peace n．和平→peacefully adv.和平地；平静地
19．racial adj.种族的；人种的→race n．种族
20．judge vi.& vt.评价；判断→judg(e)ment n．判断
21．impressive adj.令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的→impression n．印象→impress v．给……
留下印象
22．respect n．& vt.尊敬；敬佩→respectable adj.值得尊敬的→respectful adj.恭敬的；有礼
貌的→respective adj.各自的，分别的
23．novelist n．小说家→novel n．小说adj.新颖的
24．journalist n．新闻工作者→journal n．报纸，刊物；日志
25．passion n．强烈的爱好，热爱；激情→passionate adj.具有强烈信念的；热爱的，酷爱
的
26．awareness n．意识；认识→aware adj.意识到的；认识到的→unaware adj.没意识到的
27．movement n．运动，动作，活动→move v．移动；使感动→moving adj.动人的；移动
的，运动的
28．depression n．忧郁，消沉，沮丧；抑郁症→depress vt.使郁闷→depressed adj.沮丧的
→depressing adj.令人沮丧的
29．commitment n．投入，忠诚，奉献；承诺→commit v．承诺；忠于；犯(罪或错
等)→committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的
30．intense adj.强烈的，剧烈的→intensity n．强烈，紧张，强度
31．engage vi.参与，参加→engagement n．约定；订婚→engaged adj.忙于……的；订婚的
→engaging adj迷人的32．design vt.计划，设计→designer n．设计师
33．disability n．伤残，残障，障碍→disabled adj.残疾的→disable vt.使伤残；使无效
1．vomit/'vɒmɪt/vi.& vt.呕吐
2．publicity/pʌ'blɪsəti/n.宣传，推广；关注，报道
3．stunt/stʌnt/n.噱头
4．tsunami/tsʊ'nɑːmi/n.海啸
5．scandal/'skændl/n.丑闻
6．premature/'premətʃə/adj.过早的，过快的
7．shroud/ʃraʊd/vt.隐瞒，将……保密
8．hop/hɒp/vi.快速或突然去某处
9．sweaty/'sweti/adj.满是汗的
10．get butterflies (in your stomach)(做某事前)情绪紧张，心里发慌
11．handicap/'hændikæp/n.残障，残疾
12．lyric/'lɪrɪk/n.歌词
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．put out fires灭火
2．fight for...努力争取，为……斗争
3．have...in mind心里已有……
4．apart from...除……之外
5．come across偶然发现；偶遇
6．pick out挑选
7．with the help of在……的帮助下
8．volunteer to do sth自愿做某事
9．be noted for因为……而著名
10．behind bars在牢里
11．What a shame！真遗憾！
12．the other day不久前某一天
13．be regarded as被认为，被看作
14．due to由于，因为
15．in spite of尽管……(仍……)；虽然；不顾
16．lead to导致；造成
17．be based on以……为基础
18．in support of支持
Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．The woman was Tu Youyou，the first Chinese female scientist to be awarded a Nobel Prize
for her work.(动词不定式作后置定语)
这位女士就是屠呦呦，是中国第一位被授予诺贝尔奖的女科学家。
2．When thanking the Committee for the honour，Tu Youyou said，“This is not only an
honour for myself，but also recognition of and encouragement for all scientists in China.”(状语
从句的省略)
屠呦呦感谢(诺贝尔)委员会授予她如此殊荣，她说：“这不仅是授予我个人的荣誉，也是对
全体中国科学家的认可和鼓励。”
3．Later，she studied Chinese medicine for two and a half years with experts in the field from
whom she gained a deep knowledge about traditional practices.(“介词＋关系代词”引导的
定语从句)
后来，她跟随该领域的专家学习了两年半的中医学，从中对传统医学有了深刻的了解。
4．Thus，not only is he known as a superhero in the Superman films，but he is also regarded
as a superhero to many in real life.(not only...but also...的倒装结构)
因此，他不仅是《超人》电影中的超级英雄，在现实生活中也被许多人视为超级英雄。
5．So you can see，I’m too busy with living to think of giving up！(too...to...太……而不
能……)
所以你可以看到，我忙于生活，无暇考虑是否放弃！
默写练习(一)
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共8分)
1．evil n．邪恶之事；祸害 adj.邪恶的
2．mosquito n．蚊子
3．committee n．委员会
4．herb n．药草
5．recipe n．处方；秘诀
6．fame n．名声，名誉
7．renowned adj.著名的，有名望的
8．integrate vi.& vt. ( 使 ) 结合； ( 使 ) 成为一体
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1分，共16分)
1．career n．职业，事业
2．justice n．公平，公正
3．generation n．一代(人)
4．reform n．改革；改进5．mankind n．人类
6．drug n．药物，药材；毒品
7．female adj.女(性)的
8．stage n．舞台；阶段
9．award vt.授予；给予
10．gain vt.获得，赢得，取得；受益n.好处；利益
11．literature n．文献资料；著述；文学
12．resource n．物力；资源
13．staff n．全体职员，员工
14．eventually adv.最终；终于
15．despite prep.尽管；虽然
16．potential n．潜力；可能性
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共18分)
1．remarkable adj.不寻常的；显著的；非凡的→remarkably adv.显著地；非凡地→remark
n．& vi.& vt.评论；谈论
2．cure n．疗法 vt.治好(疾病)；治愈→curable adj.可治愈的
3．creatively adv.创造性地；有创造力地→creative adj.有创造力的→create vt.创造
4．effective adj.有效的，产生预期效果的→effect n．效果；作用
5．honour n．荣誉 vt.感到荣幸→honourable adj.值得尊敬的；品格高尚的
6．academy n．学会；研究院→academic adj.学术的；学业的→academically adv.学术上
7．establish vt.建立，设立→establishment n．建立，设立
8．chemical n．化学品adj.化学的→chemistry n．化学→chemically adv.化学上；以化学方
法→chemist n．化学家；药剂师
9．wisdom n．知识，学问；智慧→wise adj.明智的→wisely adv.明智地
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．vomit vi.& vt.呕吐
2．premature adj.过早的，过快的
3．shroud vt. 隐瞒，将 …… 保密
4．tsunami n．海啸
5．sweaty adj.满是汗的
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)
1．have...in mind 心里已有……
2．come across 偶然发现；偶遇
3．with the help of 在……的帮助下
4．volunteer to do sth 自愿做某事5. be noted for 因为……而著名
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共18分)
1．When the 14-year-old girl got full marks in the match，even her competitors admired her and
gave her an admiring look.Her performance was really admirable.(admire)
2．He is such an intelligent man that all his colleagues show admiration for his intelligence.
(intelligent)
3．It is generous of you to lend me the money and I’m appreciative of your generosity.
(generous)
4．Though the boy is recognized as an excellent student by others，he has never got recognition
from his father.(recognize)
5．We should limit the use of coal because coal reserves are limited.We can turn to other cheap
and potentially limitless energy such as solar power.(limit)
6．He made a promise to stay with her forever，but couldn’t guarantee her a promising future.
(promise)
7．It is recognised that advanced productivity will advance the progress of society.(advance)
8 ． The country had been fighting for its independence for decades and finally became
independent in 1860.(independent)
9．Living in a peaceful village where everyone gets along with each other peacefully makes him
very happy.(peace)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2分，共10分)
1.Apart from my host family，I didn’t know a single person in this big city，so I was in low
spirits.
2．In his spare time，he picks out the best leaves and gets them ready for market.
3．If there is no water，there is no doubt that firemen will have great difficulty putting out fires.
4．The biggest advantage is that you will come across various characters in your work.
5．I do hope that they will go on fighting for equal justice in spite of numerous hardships.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共15分)
1．我儿子高兴地对我说他是班里第三个完成作业并且唯一得满分的人。(动词不定式作后置
定语)
My son told me gladly that he was the third person to finish homework and the only one to get full
marks in his class.
2．在一家餐馆吃午饭时，我看到一个失明的老人在讨钱。(状语从句的省略)
When having lunch in a restaurant ， I saw a blind old man begging for money.
3．他工作的那家工厂是这个城市最大的。(“介词＋关系代词”引导的定语从句)The factory in which he works is the largest one in this city.
默写练习(二)
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共7分)
1．discrimination n．歧视
2．self-evident adj.不证自明的；显而易见的
3．horror n．令人惊恐的事
4．nightmare n．噩梦，梦魇
5．ongoing adj.继续进行的，不断发展的
6．undertake vt.着手做，承担
7．biography n．传记
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共30分)
1．protest n．& vi.& vt.抗议；反对
2. inspiring adj.鼓舞人心的
3．skin n．皮肤
4．further adj.更多的，进一步
5．march n．示威游行，抗议游行
6．regard vt.认为，看作
7．opportunity n．机会；时机
8．reputation n．名誉；名望
9．organisation n．组织；团体；机构
10．strike vi.& vt.突然发生(某种不幸)；突然有坏的影响；打，击
11．severe adj.很严重的
12．energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的
13．advocate vt.拥护；主张n.提倡者；拥护者；鼓吹者
14．attitude n．看法，态度
15．summary n．概要；摘要；总结
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共14分)
1．racial adj.种族的；人种的→race n．种族
2．judge vi.& vt.评价；判断→judg(e)ment n．判断
3．journalist n．新闻工作者→journal n．报纸，刊物；日志
4．movement n．运动，动作，活动→move v．移动；使感动→moving adj.动人的；运动
的
5．intense adj.强烈的，剧烈的→intensity n．强烈，紧张，强度
6．engage vi.参与，参加→engagement n．约定；订婚→engaged adj.忙于……的；订婚的7．design vt.计划，设计→designer n．设计师
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．publicity n．宣传，推广；关注，报道
2．hop vi.快速或突然去某处
3．get butterflies (in your stomach) ( 做某事前 ) 情绪紧张，心里发慌
4．scandal n．丑闻
5．lyric n．歌词
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)
1． What a shame ！ 真遗憾！
2．due to 由于，因为
3．lead to 导致；造成
4．be based on 以……为基础
5. in support of 支持
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共14分)
1．This is the most impressive architecture，which leaves me a great impression and impresses
other tourists greatly.(impress)
2．People from all careers are respectable.We are just making contributions in respective
fields，so we should be respectful to others.(respect)
3．We are fully aware how important it is to raise the awareness of environmental protection.
(aware)
4．He is a man who is passionate about music and his passion is the motivation for his musical
career.(passion)
5．What made him depressed also depressed me greatly.Our depression made us have no
appetite for lunch.(depress)
6．Committed to education，he committed every minute to studying and teaching，so his
commitment finally paid off.(commit)
7．The other day，I had the opportunity to meet the novelist whose novels enjoy great
popularity.(novel)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2分，共10分)
1．I had a long conversation with my former head teacher the other day.
2．The project had to be abandoned due to a lack of government funding.
3．Nearly 5,000 people a year in this area are put behind bars on account of theft.
4．The woman is still very active in various public campaigns in spite of her advancing years.
5．The job of chairman is regarded as a convenient soft option，but actually it is quitechallenging.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共10分)
1．通过这次活动，我不仅体验到了摘苹果的乐趣，而且也认识到了劳动的价值。(not
only...but also...的倒装结构)
Through this activity ， not only did I experience the joy of picking apples ， but also I realized the
value of labour.
2．一到家，我就累得不能再多走一步了。(too...to...太……而不能……)
When arriving at home ， I was too tired to walk one more step .
There are always admirable figures in history with a high reputation，whatever their
careers are！They can be firefighters who put out fires,1.political(politics) leaders who fight for
justice，and those who reform economic systems for the development of mankind.They are
intelligent，generous and have all human beings’ interest in mind.They have gained
worldwide honours and recognitions.Here are some 2.examples(example)．
Tu Youyou 3.was awarded(award) the Nobel Prize for Physiology or Medicine in 2015.The
female medical scientist ， together with her staff ， found 4.an effective drug to cure
malaria.They had looked through numerous medical literature before they 5.eventually(eventual)
came across the recipe,6.which held the potential to cure malaria，despite limited medical
resources.
Daring and energetic Gandhi was respected because he led India to independence from
the UK in a peaceful way.In spite of being behind bars，passionate Gandhi undertook 7.to
educate(educate) prisoners to seize every opportunity to study.8.Inspired(inspire) by him，
Martin Luther King established some promising organisations and organised the peaceful
protests against racial discrimination.Many people know of his impressive and inspiring
speech I Have a Dream.Many other people engage in great tasks and still others advocate
9.helping(help) people with disability.
In summary ， they are regarded as heroes due to their passion or ongoing
commitment 10.to their careers.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
admire vt.钦佩；赞美；欣赏；羡慕{admiration n．[U]赞赏；仰慕 admirable adj.令
人钦佩的；极其出色的}
•admire sb for sth因某事而羡慕/钦佩某人
•with/in admiration羡慕地have/express admiration for sb/sth羡慕/钦佩某人/物
(1)I admire my head teacher for his admirable(admire) commitment to his career.Besides，we
express admiration(admire) for his being generous.(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面表达)
(2)同学们都跑到我面前，羡慕地说：“你在写作比赛中获得了一等奖。”(2023·新课标Ⅰ，
读后续写)
My classmates all rushed to me and exclaimed with/in admiration，“You have won first prize in
the writing competition.”
(3)(话题写作之传统文化)在中秋节的晚上，人们聚在一起享用盛宴，欣赏月亮。
On the evening of Mid-Autumn Day，people get together to enjoy a feast and admire the moon.
award vt.授予；给予；奖励；判定n.奖；奖品；奖金
•award sb for sth因某事颁奖给某人
award sth to sb(＝award sb sth)把某物颁发给某人
•win/receive/get an award (for...)(因……而)赢得/得到/获得奖项
(1)Considering all the challenging tasks he had undertaken，it is not surprising that he got an
award of up to 50,000 dollars.
(2)虽然大卫是最后一个到达终点线的选手，但评委们因为他的毅力和决心而给他颁发了鼓
励奖。(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
While David was the last runner to reach the finish line，judges awarded him Encouragement
Prize/awarded Encouragement Prize to him for his strong will and determination.
(3)(读后续写之激动心情描写)当他因出色的表现而获得一等奖时，他流下了激动的眼泪。
(award vt.)
When (he was) awarded first prize for his excellent performance，he shed tears of excitement.
honour n．荣誉；尊敬；荣幸 vt.尊敬，尊重；给予表扬(或奖励、头衔、称号)；感到
荣幸
•It’s an honour for sb to do sth.对某人来说做某事很荣
幸。
feel it an honour to do sth为做某事感到荣幸
in honour of...向……表示敬意；为纪念……
•be/feel honoured to do sth做某事感到荣幸
(1)Zhang Zhongjing has been honoured(honour) as a remarkable master doctor since the EasternHan Dynasty，who used various herbs to cure numerous patients of severe diseases.
(2)(话题写作之传统节日)人们庆祝端午节以纪念屈原，他是一位伟大的富有激情的中国诗人。
People celebrate the Dragon Boat Festival in honour of Qu Yuan ，who was a great and
passionate Chinese poet.
(3)(应用文写作之演讲稿)能有机会在这里发表演讲，我感到非常荣幸。
It is a great honour for me to have/I feel it a great honour to have/I feel/am greatly honoured to
have the opportunity to deliver a speech here.
impressive adj.令人钦佩的，给人印象深刻的(impress v．使敬佩；给……深刻印象
impression n．印象)
•impress sb with sth＝impress sth on/upon sb某事给某人留下深刻的好印象；使某人铭记某事
be impressed by/with (某人)对……印象深刻
What impressed sb most was/is that...让某人印象最深的是……
•leave/make a(n)．..impression on sb给某人留下……的印象
(1)With an impressive(impress) 2,000-seat concert hall，St David’s Hall is home to the annual
Welsh Proms Cardiff.(2022·全国甲)
(2)The Spoken English Club impresses us students with the comfortable learning environment.
(2022·天津6月，书面表达)
→The Spoken English Club impresses the comfortable learning environment on/upon us students.
→We students are impressed by/with the comfortable learning environment in the Spoken English
Club.
→The comfortable learning environment in the Spoken English Club leaves a deep
impression(impress) on us students.
(3)在“中国—爱尔兰文化节”中让我印象最深刻的是文化沙龙，它帮助我一睹这两种文化
的多样性和丰富性。(2022·浙江1月，应用文写作)
What impressed me most was the culture salon at the China-Ireland Cultural Festival，which
helped me gain a glimpse into the diversity and richness of the two cultures.
respect vt.& n．尊重；尊敬；敬佩 n.方面(respectful adj.表示敬意的；尊敬的
respectfully adv.恭敬地；此致敬礼 respectable adj.可敬的；体面的)
•have/show respect for尊敬；尊重；重视
give/send one’s respects to 代某人向……问候
in every respect/in all respects在各方面
in respect of＝with respect to至于，关于；就……而言•respect sb for sth因某事而尊重某人
(1)(读后续写之动作描写)我一直带着灿烂的微笑恭恭敬敬地向每一位顾客鞠躬。
I bowed respectfully to every customer，wearing a big smile all the time.
(2)欢迎您随时到我家来，请代我向您的家人致意。(2021·天津6月，书面表达)
You are welcome at any time to my house and please give/send my respects to your family.
(3)在各方面，总有值得尊敬的人。关于我最尊敬的人，我不得不提到我的数学老师。我尊
敬他是因为每当我们遇到困难时，他总能给予我们及时且慷慨的帮助。(2020·全国Ⅰ，书面
表达)
In every respect/In all respects，there are always respectable people.With respect to/In respect of
the person I have respect for/respect most，I have to mention my maths teacher.I respect him for
his timely and generous assistance whenever we come across difficulties.
regard vt.认为，看作；当作 n．注意；关注；[pl.]问候，致意(regarding prep.关于)
•regard sb/sth as/to be...把……看作……
be regarded as被看作；被当作
•with/in regard to sth关于某事
give/send one’s regards (to sb)代某人(向某人)问好
(1)When you go home，please send my regards(regard) to your parents.
(2)(议论文写作之太空探索)关于太空探索，人们意见各异。一些人认为它是解决人类面临问
题的一个非凡的方法。另一方面，探索太空被认为是浪费金钱。
With/In regard to/Regarding space exploration，opinions vary from person to person.Some people
regard it as/to be a remarkable way to solve the problems faced by mankind.On the other hand，
exploring space is regarded as a waste of money.
awareness n．意识；认识(aware adj.知道的；意识到的unaware adj.不知道的)
•raise/strengthen one’s awareness of提高/增强某人的……意识
•be/become aware of/that...意识到……；明白……
as far as I’m aware据我所知
(1)The boy，totally unaware(aware) of the severe result of his movement，approached the wolf
boldly.
(2)据我所知，现在越来越多的人意识到海洋目前的可怕状况。因此，应该开展更多的活动
来增强人们海洋保护的意识。(2022·全国甲，书面表达)
As far as I ’ m aware ，now more and more people are/become aware of the terrible situation ofoceans at present.Consequently，more activities should be launched to raise/strengthen people ’ s
awareness of ocean protection.
strike vt.& vi.(struck，struck/stricken)突然发生(某种不幸)；突然有坏的影响；突然
想到；打，击；给(某人以……)印象n.罢工；袭击
•be struck with/by被……所袭击(感动)
It strikes sb that...某人觉得……；某人突然想起……
strike...into one’s heart使……刻骨铭心
•be on strike在罢工
go on strike举行罢工
(1)Workers protest the new rules by going on strike.
(2)The film Jaws was so scary that it struck fear into people’s heart.
(3)(读后续写之心理描写)被他为我做的事情感动，我不能自已，感激的泪水顺着脸颊流了下
来。
①Because I was struck by/with what he had done for me，I couldn’t contain myself，tears of
gratitude flowing down my cheeks.
②Struck by/with what he had done for me，I couldn’t contain myself，tears of gratitude flowing
down my cheeks.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
(4)我突然想到我可以通过把我的头塞进南瓜赢得第一名。(2021·浙江1月，读后续写)
It suddenly struck me that I could win first place by forcing my head inside the pumpkin.
design vt.设计；计划；构思n.设计；图案；构思(designer n．设计者)
•be designed for sth/sb为……而设计
be designed to do sth旨在做……，为做……而设计
•by design＝on purpose故意地
(1)We didn’t know whether the journalist did it by design or accident.
(2)英文报Youth中的许多专栏是专门为高中生设计的。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)
Many columns of the English newspaper Youth are specially designed for senior high school
students.
(3)我们学校将举办“快乐童年展”，旨在鼓励我们珍惜童年，用创造力追求梦想。(2023·上
海6月，书面表达)
Our school will hold a Happy Childhood Exhibition (which is) designed to inspire us to cherish
our childhood and pursue dreams with creativity.come across 偶遇；偶然发现；被理解
come up with提出；想出
come up走近；被提出；发芽，破土而出
come to总计；达到；苏醒
come on加油，快点；开始；上演；跟着来；突然产生；得了吧
when it comes to...当谈到……
(1)When the renowned doctor eventually came to life，he found the medical expenses had come
to 50,000 dollars.
(2)(读后续写之景物描写)With spring approaching，winds warm up and flowers come up.
(3)(应用文写作之建议信)When it comes to English learning，I have the following practical
suggestions to share.Firstly，when you come across unfamiliar words，don’t always refer to
the dictionary.Furthermore，when teachers’ questions come up in class，you should try to
come up with answers.Lastly，if you fail，you must say to yourself，“Come on！”
due to由于；因为(due adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的；应付的；应有的)
•be due to do sth预定/预期做某事
•表示“因为”的短语还有because of，on account of，owing to，thanks to等等，这些短语都
不能直接作谓语。
注意：lie in，consist in，result from，account for也有“因为”的意思，但是这些短语在句中
常常作谓语。
(1)The train that the famous novelist takes is due to arrive(arrive) at 11：15 am.
(2)正是由于我对历史的热爱，我学到了很多人生智慧。(2023·全国甲，书面表达)
It is due to/owing to/thanks to/because of/on account of my love for history that I have learned a
lot of life wisdom.
状语从句的省略 When thanking the Committee for the honour，Tu Youyou
said，“This is not only an honour for myself，but also recognition of and encouragement
for all scientists in China.”
屠呦呦感谢(诺贝尔)委员会授予她如此殊荣，她说：“这不仅是授予我个人的荣誉，也是对
全体中国科学家的认可和鼓励。”
状语从句的省略有两种形式：
•当状语从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从句中谓语部分含有be动词时，可将从句的主语
和be动词一起省略。
•当从句的主语是it，谓语部分含有be动词时，可将it和be动词省略。(1)He opened his mouth as if to say(say) something grateful.
(2)When informed(inform) of the good news that I got first prize in the competition，I jumped for
joy.(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
(3)如果可能的话，你可以组织一次环绕北京的徒步旅行，探索绿色空间，这将让参与者体
验城市公园和花园的美丽，同时促进环保交通。(2023·北京，书面表达)
If possible，you can organize a walking tour around Beijing to explore the green spaces，which
will allow participants to experience the beauty of the city’s parks and gardens while promoting
eco-friendly transportation.
not only...but also... Thus, not only is he known as a superhero in the Superman
films，but he is also regarded as a superhero to many in real life.
因此，他不仅是《超人》电影中的超级英雄，在现实生活中也被许多人视为超级英雄。
not only...but also...“不但……而且……”连接两个平行结构。当连接两个名词作主语时，谓
语动词遵循就近原则；当not only位于句首时，not only后面的句子要用部分倒装，but also
后面的句子不倒装。
(1)Not only my foreign classmates but also my head teacher is(be) keen on making Chinese knots.
(2023·天津6月，书面表达)
(2)正如短视频所示，为了提高英语口语，俱乐部成员不仅在课堂上说英语，而且在英语角
说英语。到目前为止，不仅我而且其他每一个成员都取得了很大的进步。(2022·天津6月，
书面表达)
As is shown in the short video clip，to improve oral English，club members speak English not
only in class but also in the English corner.So far not only I but also each of the other members has
made great progress.
(3)英文报Youth不仅丰富了枯燥的校园生活而且增强了我的学习能力。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应
用文写作)
①The English newspaper Youth not only enriches my boring campus life but also strengthens my
learning ability.
② Not only does the English newspaper Youth enrich my boring campus life but it also strengthens
my learning ability.(倒装句)
too...to... So you can see，I’m too busy with living to think of giving up!
所以你可以看到，我忙于生活，无暇考虑是否放弃！
•too＋adj./adv.(for sb)＋to do sth表示否定的意义，意为“太……而不能”。
•当“too...to...”结构用来修饰表达人的态度、情绪倾向的形容词，如 anxious，eager，glad，happy，pleased，ready，willing等时，表示肯定意义，意为“非常”。
•can’t/can never...too...再怎么……也不过分
(话题写作之长城)我非常高兴地得知您对长城感兴趣。长城太壮观而不容错过。正如一句老
话所说：“不到长城非好汉。” 因此，我怎么强调爬长城的意义都不过分。
I am too pleased to learn that you are keen on the Great Wall.The Great Wall is too spectacular to
miss.Just as an old saying goes，“He who does not reach the Great Wall is not a true man.” So
I can ’ t/can never stress the significance of climbing the Great Wall too much .
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．strike
(1)As an old saying goes，“Strike the iron when it is hot.” We should review what we have
learned in time. E
(2)Shortly afterwards，a big earthquake struck the city，killing dozens of people. B
(3)After his vivid introduction，the idea that it is definitely Yuan Longping’s intense efforts that
feed so many people on Earth struck me deeply.(2023·浙江1月，应用文写作) F
(4)It struck me that playing against the other team was a great learning moment for all the girls on
the team. D
(5)It is by no means clear how the regulation should be changed to end the strike. A
(6)I was unable to wake him up when the clock struck five this morning. C
2．engage
(1)The restaurant decided to engage a pop singer to attract more young customers. B
(2)They never learned skills to engage the attention of the others. C
(3)She has the ability to engage with young minds. D
(4)Those who engage in mental work are also workers. A
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)They hoped the new venture would further the cause of cultural cooperation in Europe.促进；
增进
(2)China is developing very rapidly in all respects and we are proud of our motherland.方面
(3)Please remember me to your parents and send my best regards when you arrive home.问候
(4)Scientists have advanced many theories about why human beings cry tears，none of which
has been proved.提出
(5)Through it all，she remained in good academic standing and graduated with honors.(2020·新课标Ⅰ)
优异成绩
(6)Achieving success at this level requires a commitment of time and energy.投入，花费
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．Listening to the story about how the explorer survived the whirlpool，we looked at him with
admiration(admire)．
2．Judging(judge) from his cheerful expression，he must have won the battle.
3．I feel greatly honoured(honour) to give a lecture about how to deal with greenhouse effect.
4．His honesty left a deep impression(impress) on me and that was why he was given the job.
5．The firefighters rescued many people trapped in the ruins and their bravery was really
respectable(respect)．
6．Tang poetry which is regarded as a treasure in Chinese literature has influenced generations of
writers.
7．In order to arouse the public awareness(aware) of wildlife protection，the Students’ Union
is going to organize an English speech contest themed on “living in harmony”．
8．It struck me that I could learn to conduct an experiment by observing the students ahead of
me.
9．The brochure is specially designed for the women living in remote villages.
10．He was awarded for his great contributions to the disaster-stricken area.
11．I am writing to invite you to attend the lecture designed to improve(improve) your interest in
insects.
12．When giving(give) a lecture about ecology，he was interrupted by scary noises.
13．To buy a vehicle，he undertook to take(take) another part-time job to make more money.
14．To lessen economic losses，I strongly advocate making(make) a scientific plan in advance.
15．Engaging in more colorful after-class activities proves to be rewarding and beneficial to our
development.
2020·全国Ⅰ 改编
你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇短文参赛，内
容包括：
1.人物简介；
2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。
完成句子1．我很高兴有李华，一个17岁的少年，作为我最好的朋友，他很热衷于阅读、学习和帮助
别人。(delighted；定语从句)
2．我尊敬李华的原因是他的身上有很多值得学习的优点。(respect；the reason why...is that...)
3．他不仅让我知道如何好好学习，还激励我读更多的书来开阔我的视野。(not only...but
also...的倒装结构)
4．正是由于他的鼓励和帮助，我才能够坚持我的抱负而不是放弃。(due to；强调句型)
5．每当我们遇到困难时，他都会毫不犹豫地来帮助我们。(come across)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
The Person I Respect
There are many respectable people around us.I am more than delighted to have Li Hua，a 17-
year-old teenager，as my best friend，who is crazy about reading，learning and helping other
people.
The reason why I have respect for/respect Li Hua is that he has many advantages which are
worth learning.First and foremost，not only does he make me know how to study well but he alsomotivates me to read more books to broaden my horizons.Additionally ， it is due to his
encouragement and assistance that I can stick to my ambition rather than give up.Last but certainly
not least ，whenever we come across difficulties ，he will come to our assistance without
hesitation.
Such is Li Hua I respect most.I have the confidence that with such an excellent friend around
me，I will become better and better.
教材语料整合
[动作描写] come across；pick out；strike；undertake；engage
[人物描写] admirable；remarkable；intelligent；generous；promising；
亮词
renowned；wisdom；potential；
impressive；passionate；commitment；energetic；daring
1.While horseback riding，he was thrown off his horse and broke his neck.(动作描
写)
2．During this time，Reeve felt like he had lost all hope.Having once been a healthy
and successful young man to being trapped in a broken body was like a living
美句
nightmare to him.(比喻句)
3．Reeve became a passionate and energetic advocate for people with back injuries
and disabilities，raising millions of dollars in support of medical research.(人物描
写)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：惊讶
open-mouthed adj.(因惊愕)张着口的，目瞪口呆的
surprise/amaze/astonish vt.使吃惊，使惊讶→surprised/amazed/astonished adj.吃
单词 惊的，惊讶的→surprising/amazing/astonishing adj.令人吃惊的
→surprise/amazement/astonishment n．吃惊，惊讶
shock vt.使震惊n.震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked adj.震惊的
much to one’s shock/astonishment/surprise/amazement令某人十分震惊/吃惊/惊
讶/惊奇的是 in disbelief难以置信地 come as a shock to sb让某人震惊 a
look of surprise spreads over/flashes across one’s face某人的脸上出现惊讶的表
情 have a look of surprise on one’s face某人脸上的表情很惊讶 eyes widen in
词块
surprise/astonishment惊讶地睁大眼睛 stare/gaze at sb with wide eyes/stare at sb
in wide-eyed amazement目瞪口呆地看着某人 one’s mouth drops/hangs open in
surprise惊讶地张大嘴 gasp in astonishment吃惊得倒吸一口气 a tone/voice of
surprise/a surprised tone/voice惊讶的口气/声音 give a cry of surprise吃惊得喊出声来 too surprised/astonished to utter a word/be speechless with shock惊讶得
说不出话来 freeze/stand still/stop dead/be numb with shock惊呆了 shake
one’s head in disbelief 难以置信地摇头 gape at张口结舌地看，目瞪口呆地
凝视 one’s jaw drops/dropped 张口结舌
It gave me a shock when I realized I had missed my train.当我意识到我已赶不上
火车时，我感到震惊。
He froze，his mouth hanging open.(独立主格)他僵住了，张着嘴。
I froze with shock，as if rooted to the ground.(状语从句的省略)
我震惊得僵住了，仿佛在地上扎了根。
I got first prize in the writing competition，with a spark of surprise flashing
across my face.(with复合结构)我在写作比赛中得了一等奖，脸上闪过一丝惊
喜。
句型 Staring at her with wide eyes，I hardly believed what she had done.(现在分词短
语作状语)
我睁大眼睛凝视着她，简直不敢相信她所做的一切。
Everyone gasped in astonishment as the cars came around the last bend.
当汽车驶过最后一个弯道时，每个人都惊讶得倒吸一口气。
Confused and astonished，he gaped at the wall，wide-eyed.(形容词作状语)
他既困惑又惊讶，瞪大眼睛张口结舌地望着墙壁。
After what seemed like a long time，he recovered from shock.
似乎过了很长一段时间，他才从震惊中回过神来。
语料运用 主题：追求科学
Intelligent and energetic，Jeremy desired to go on a field trip at the Museum of Natural
History when he was in 6th grade，but unluckily he fell ill，①tears of disappointment streaming
down his cheeks(独立主格)．He was pressed to take medicine and fell asleep soon.②Despair
seized him at the thought of missing the field trip(无灵主语)．When he awoke，his father asked
him to meet renowned and generous Professor Helfand ，who would allow him to visit his
observatory.③ Confused and astonished ， he gaped at the professor ， wide-eyed (形容词作状语)．
④ After what seemed like a long time ， he recovered from shock ，with a smile flashing across his
face.When seeing many big bright stars，he froze there，and then ⑤gave a cry of surprise.When
the professor invited him to join his team，he ⑥was too astonished to utter a word and he just
kept nodding his head in disbelief.
聪明又精力充沛的杰里米六年级时想去自然历史博物馆进行实地考察，但不幸的是他病
了，失望的泪水顺着他的脸颊流下来。他被迫吃了药，很快就睡着了。一想到要错过这次实
地考察，他就感到绝望。当他醒来时，他的父亲让他去见著名且慷慨的赫尔方教授，他愿意
让他参观他的天文台。他又困惑又惊讶，瞪大了眼睛望着教授。似乎过了很长一段时间，他才从震惊中回过神来，脸上闪过一丝微笑。当看到许多又大又亮的星星时，他愣在那里，然
后惊奇地叫了一声。当教授邀请他加入他的团队时，他惊讶得一句话也说不出来，只是难以
置信地不停地点着头。
