文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．persistent adj.坚持的；执意的
2．astronaut n．宇航员
3．millionaire n．百万富翁
4．ultimate adj.最后的，最终的
5．furniture n．家具
6．hybrid n．混合体
7．minimum n．最少量；最小数；最低限度
8．publisher n．出版商
9．contract n．合同；契约
10．distraction n．使人分心的事物
11．strive vi.努力；奋斗
12．encyclopaedia n．百科全书
13．academic adj.学术的
14．element n．基本部分；要素
15．triathlete n．铁人三项运动员
16．rugby n．(英式)橄榄球
17．iron n．铁；熨斗
18．hammer n．榔头；锤子
19．bridal adj.婚礼的；新娘的
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．career n．职业，事业
2．symbol n．象征，标志
3．dormitory＝dorm n．寝室，学生宿舍
4．motivating adj.起激励作用的；激发(人)的
5．extreme n．极端
6．entry n．条目7．ruin vt.毁掉，糟蹋，毁坏
8．skip vt.不做(本来应做的事)；蹦跳着走
9．defensive adj.自卫的，戒备的
10．workout n．训练，锻炼
11．sacrifice n．牺牲
12．countless adj.无数的，数不尽的
13．hire vt.租用
14．boil vi.&vt.(使)沸腾，煮沸
15．enormous adj.巨大的，庞大的
16．apart adj.& adv.分开；散开
17．platform n．舞台；月台
18．outstanding adj.杰出的，优秀的
19．average adj.平庸的，普通的；平均的 n．平均水平；平均数
20．normal adj.正常的，平常的
21．style n．方式，特点
22．forwards adv.向前
23．collapse vi.突然倒下；倒塌
24．faith n．相信；信任
25．found vt.创立；创建
26．designer n．设计师，设计者
27．bitterly adv.痛苦地；愤恨地
28．label n．标签，标记 vt.贴标签于
29．entrance n．进入许可；入口
30．income n．收入；收益
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．determined adj.坚定的，坚决的→determine v．决心；决定→determination n．决心；决
定
2．optimistic adj.乐观的，乐观主义的→optimist n．乐观主义者→optimism n．乐观；乐观
主义
3．committed adj.坚定的；尽心尽力的→commit v．犯(罪或错等)；承诺→commitment n．
投入；忠诚，奉献；承诺
4．disciplined adj.遵守纪律的→discipline v．处罚；自我控制 n．纪律；风纪
5．enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的→enthusiasm n．热情，热忱
6.ambitious adj.有抱负的，有雄心的→ambition n．雄心；野心
7．appreciative adj.感激的→appreciate vt.欣赏；赏识→appreciation n．欣赏；感激8．injury n．伤，损害→injure v．损害→injured adj.受伤的
9．cooperation n．合作，协作→cooperate v．合作，协作→cooperative adj.合作的，协作的
10．employee n．雇员→employ v．雇用→employer n．雇主→employment n．就业；工作；
职业
11．comfortably adv.舒服地，舒适地→comfort v．安慰 n．舒适；安慰→comfortable adj.
舒服的，舒适的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的
12．professor n．教授→profession n．职业；行业→professional adj.职业的，专业的n.专业
人士
13．fortune n．大笔的钱，巨款；运气→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortunately adv.幸运地
→unfortunate adj.不幸的
14．hunger n．饥饿，饥荒→hungry adj.饥饿的→hungrily adv.饥饿地
15．guilty adj.内疚的，羞愧的→guilt n．内疚，羞愧
16．influential adj.有影响力的→influence n．& vt.影响
17．devote vt.把……奉献给；专心致力于→devotion n．奉献；忠诚→devoted adj.忠诚的；
全心全意的
18．production n．生产；产量→produce vt.生产；产生n.农产品→producer n．生产者；制
造者；制片人→product n．产品；制品
19．championship n．冠军称号，冠军地位→champion n．冠军
20．reject vt.拒绝接受→rejection n．拒绝；摒弃
21．limit vt.& n．限制，限定→limited adj.有限的→limitless adj.无限制的；无限度的
22．convince vt.使确信；说服→convincing adj.令人信服的，有说服力的→convinced adj.坚
信的，确信的
23．selfish adj.自私的，自私自利的→selfishness n．自私→selfless adj.无私的
24．length n．长度→long adj.长的→lengthen vt.& vi.延长；伸长
25．recognised adj.公认的；经过检验的→recognise v．认识；认出；辨别出；认可
→recognition n．认可；辨认
26．contribute v．捐献；促成→contribution n．捐献；促成
27．retire vi.退休；退职→retired adj.退休的→retirement n．退休；退职
28．leadership n．领导；领导地位→lead v．领导→leader n．领导者；首领；指挥者
29．advanced adj.先进的；高级的；晚期的→advance n．& v．前进；进步；发展
30．reference n．推荐信；谈到，提及→refer v．谈到，提及
31．fashion n．时尚→fashionable adj.流行的
32．promotion n．提升，晋升→promote v．提升，晋升1．ethnic/'eθnIk/adj.种族的；具有种族特色的
2．ward/wɔːd/n.(医院内的)病房
3．straighten sth out整顿(混乱情况)；解决(问题)
4．dumb/dʌm/adj.愚蠢的；说不出话的
5．browse/braʊz/vi.& vt.(在商店里)随便看看；随意翻阅
6．dawn on sb开始明白(某个事实)，醒悟
7．be ticked off生气的
8．pop up突然出现，冒出来
9．freak/friːk/vi.突然发怒
freak out v．(使)心烦意乱；(使)吓得要死
10．sip/sIp/n.一小口
11．inedible/In'edəbəl/adj.不宜食用的
12．confiscate/'kɒnfIskeIt/vt.把……充公，没收
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．turn one’s back on...不理会……
2．be tired of厌烦
3．be regarded as被认为
4．a sense of success/achievement成就感
5．get on发迹；出人头地
6．give away泄露；失去；赠送
7．drop out退出，脱离；辍学
8．boil down to sth归结为；要点是
9．stay in待在家里
10．apply oneself to sth努力；专心致志于某事
11．set sb/sth apart使与众不同
12．retire from从……退休
13．make sense 有意义；解释得通
14．devote...to致力于
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．He is pleased to give up the lifestyle of a rich man.(sb＋be＋adj.＋to do...)
他很高兴能放弃富人的生活方式。
2．What I want is to live simply and be helpful to others.(what引导的主语从句)
我想要简单地生活并能帮助别人。
3．Whenever he had more than two thousand dollars，he would give away small bank notes to
homeless people in the streets of local areas.(whenever 引导让步状语从句)
每当他的钱超过两千美元时，他就会给当地街头无家可归的人赠送小额钞票。4．It was a kind of satisfaction and a real sense of success that I had never felt before.(强调句
型)这是一种我以前从未感受过的满足感和真正的成功感。
5．Success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you understand the true
meaning of life.(not...but...不是……而是……)
衡量成功与否不在于有多少金钱，而在于如何理解生命的真正意义。
6．I could have become angry or defensive.(could have done)我本可以生气或者辩解一下的。
Tom，who is of average height，is a teacher who is optimistic，persistent，enthusiastic
as well as committed to his job.When he was a student ， he was ambitious and
1.____________(dream) of becoming an astronaut.2.____________，as he grew up，he was
ultimately determined to become a teacher and devote himself to 3.____________(teach)，
because he appreciated his teacher’s commitment to the teaching career.
Now ， he is a volunteer teacher in a small village ， convincing more people
4.____________(have) faith in the power of 5.____________(educate)．Tom has been striving
to achieve his goal,6.____________ is influential.Because of his effective teaching style，
7.____________ is normal for students in the village school to 8.____________(discipline) and
not to drop out of school.All the villagers are 9.____________(appreciate) of his devotion for
their children’s enormous academic progress.
With reference to him，we can boil down to the conclusion that Tom is an outstanding
and motivating teacher ， applying himself to training more useful young people for
10.____________(we) country without considering his income.He has contributed to many
students’ getting on in the future.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
committed adj.尽心尽力的；坚定的[commit vt.犯(罪或错等)；承诺；保证；花费(钱或
时间) vi.全心全意投入(工作、活动等) commitment n．投入；忠诚；奉献；承诺]
•be committed to (doing) sth/commit oneself to (doing) sth致力于(做)某事
•make a commitment to (doing) sth保证/承诺(做)某事
(1)正如你在短视频中看到的，英语口语俱乐部的成员每天抽出一个小时读英语，这将逐渐
提高他们的英语口语。同时，他们保证经常和他们的同学练习英语口语。(2022·天津6月，
书面表达)
As you can see in the short video ， the members of spoken English club
___________________，which will improve their spoken English gradually.Meanwhile，they
______________________.(2)(读后续写之尴尬心理描写)我在如此多的人面前犯了一个愚蠢的错误，窘得满脸通红。
I ________________________________________________ ， my face flushing with
embarrassment.
(3)(话题写作之人物介绍)Determined and persistent Lin Qiaozhi committed herself to taking
care of women and newborns；she didn’t get married.
→____________________________________________________________ ， determined and
persistent Lin Qiaozhi didn’t get married.(用现在分词短语作状语改写)
→________________________________________________ ， determined and persistent Lin
Qiaozhi didn’t get married.(用过去分词短语作状语改写)
devote vt.把……奉献给；专心致力于(devoted adj.全心全意的；忠诚的 devotion n．奉
献；关爱)
•devote...to (doing) sth把……用在/献给(做)某事上
devote oneself to献身于；致力于
•be devoted to (doing) sth献身于(做)某事；专心于(做)某事
(1)The millionaire is devoted to ____________(help) those in need and has made a lot of
sacrifices for them and his ____________(devote) has won countless praise.
(2)(记叙文之写人)致力于种植杂交水稻，袁隆平全年都在稻田里工作。
①________________________ hybrid rice，Yuan Longping worked in the rice fields all the year
round.(过去分词短语作状语)
②________________________ hybrid rice，Yuan Longping worked in the rice fields all the year
round.(现在分词短语作状语)
convince vt.使确信；说服(convinced adj.确信的，坚信的 convincing adj.令人信服的)
•convince sb of sth使某人相信某事
convince sb to do sth说服某人做某事
•be convinced of/that...相信……
(1)Our professor can always think of ____________(convince) examples to motivate us to move
forwards and he is recognised as an outstanding teaching expert.
(2)我的老师说服我参加写作比赛，同时，他让我相信我有能力创作一个有趣的参赛作品。
最后，我笑了，一种自信在我的内心深处涌起。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
My teacher __________________________________________________ and at the same time，
he ________________________________________________.Finally，I cracked a smile，a sense
of confidence welling up in my deep heart.
(3)我们投入的时间和精力是其他同学的两倍，所以我深信老师们会高度评价我们的项目。
(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)We devoted twice as much time and energy as other students did ， so I
______________________.
limit vt.& n．限制，限定(limited adj.有限的 limitless adj.无限制的)
•set a limit to限制……
within the limits of限定在……范围内
There is a/no limit to (doing)...……是有限的/无限的。
•limit...to...把……限定在……范围内
(1)A man’s life is ____________，but there is no __________ to serving the people.I will
devote my ____________ life to the ____________ job of serving the people.(limit)
(2)(读后续写之恐惧心理描写) 我弟弟被无穷无尽的恐惧淹没了，他用胳膊紧紧地抱着我，
几乎要昏倒了。
My brother ________________________________________________ ，he wrapped his arms
around me tightly and nearly collapsed.
(3)(应用文写作之通知)请记住，每人演讲的时间限制在15分钟以内。
Keep in mind that ____________________________________.
ruin n．废墟；毁灭 vt.毁灭；使破产；糟蹋；毁坏
•in ruins破败不堪；严重受损
•ruin one’s hope/chance毁掉某人的希望/机会
ruin oneself自我毁灭
(1)(读后续写之片段描写)突如其来的地震毁了我们的城市，几乎毁了我们的希望。看到我们
的城市变成废墟，我们双手掩面，放声大哭起来。
The unexpected earthquake _________________ ， which
______________.__________________，we buried our faces in our hands，bursting into tears.
(2)玩电脑游戏太久几乎毁了我自己，我已经下定决心要摆脱它。(2022·天津4月，书面表
达)
Playing computer games for too long ________________________ and I have made up my mind
to get rid of it.
用法点拨 destroy，damage也可以表示毁坏，但程度较轻；do/cause damage to对……造成
损害。
average adj.平均的；普通的n.平均数；平均水平
an average of平均有……
on average平均起来
above/below average在平均水平以上/以下(1)谈及这次期末考试，有90个同学得了满分，每个班级平均有18人。汤姆的成绩在平均水
平之上，而约翰的成绩在平均水平之下。
With reference to the end-of-term examination，there were 90 students getting full marks，
________________________ 18 students in each class.Tom’s mark was __________________
while John’s was ________________________.
(2)(话题写作之文娱活动)所有学生每周有两节体育课，每天平均跑20分钟。
All students have two PE classes a week and ___________________________________________.
recognised adj.公认的；经过检验的(recognise vt.认出；认可；承认 recognition n．认
出；认识)
•recognise sb/one’s voice认出某人/听出某人的声音
be recognised as/to be...被认作……/被认为是……
It is recognised that...人们公认……
•beyond recognition认不出来
(1)Bill Gates，an outstanding entrepreneur(企业家)，is a well ____________(recognise)
successful person in the world.
(2)The village ， which lay in ruins after the earthquake ， was totally beyond
_________(recognise)．
(3)最近在线学习被公认为是一种重要的学习方式。(2021·全国乙，书面表达)
________________________________________________________________________
contribute v．捐献；促成(contribution n．捐献；贡献；投稿)
•contribute sth to...把某物捐献给……
contribute to有助于；导致；投稿
•make a contribution/contributions to 对……做出贡献
(1)With determination and devotion，these generous businessmen have contributed lots of money
to __________(establish) new reserves for the endangered animals.
(2)只有公众愿意为建设绿色北京做出贡献，我们才能实现我们的目标。(2023·北京，书面表
达)
Only if the public willingly ____________________________________________________ can
we achieve our targets.
(3)经常读英文报纸的确有助于提高我的英语水平。有时我给报纸投稿，这进一步增强了我
的写作能力。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)
Reading the English newspaper regularly does _____________________________.Sometimes I
___________________________________________ ， which further strengthens my writing
ability.make sense讲得通；有意义
make sense of懂得；了解……的意义
make no sense讲不通；没有意义
in a sense在某种意义上；在某种程度上
There’s no/little sense in doing sth.做某事(几乎)没有意义。
(1)(读后续写之情感描写)我的物理老师说的话我听不懂，我非常焦虑，汗水顺着我的脸颊流
下来。
________________________________________________________________________ and so
anxious was I that sweat ran down my cheeks.
(2)“对所发生的事情感到后悔是毫无意义的。让我们再试一次。”父亲说。(2021·新课标Ⅰ，
读后续写)
“________________________________________________________________________.Let’s
try again，” said the father.
(3)从某种意义上说，孔子的思想在现代社会仍发挥着重要作用，这就是孔子被公认为杰出
的思想家的一个原因。(2023·全国甲，书面表达)
____________________，Confucius’ theory still plays an important role in modern society，
which is one of the reasons why he is recognised as an outstanding thinker.
set sb/sth apart使与众不同
fall apart分裂；崩溃
live apart 分开居住
tear sth apart 撕裂，拆开
tell apart 区分开
apart from除了……之外
用apart短语的适当形式填空
(1)(读后续写之羞愧心理描写) So guilty was he that he ultimately ____________________，
tears of guilt clouding his eyes.
(2)(读后续写之环境描写)The lightning，looking like a golden snake，____________ the dark
sky ____________.
(3)(求助信之结尾句)I would appreciate it if you could offer me some advice on how to
____________ the difficult physics concepts ____________.
(4)____________________ his devotion to his career ， his enthusiastic and optimistic
personalities can also ____________ him ____________from those around him.
(5)The ambitious designer has to ____________________ from his family because he is striving
to finish the project on time.not...but... Success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you
understand the true meaning of life.衡量成功与否不在于有多少金钱，而在于如何理解生命
的真正意义。
not...but...连接两个平行成分，当连接两个主语时，谓语动词的数按就近原则确定。
有类似用法的还有：not only...but also...，either...or...，neither...nor...
(1)Not Tom but his parents ____________ enthusiastic about the online courses.Not only various
learning materials beyond classes but also basic knowledge of each subject ____________
provided in these courses.(be)
(2)(记叙文之写人) 使他与众不同的不是他的外表，而是他的品质。
What sets him apart from others is ____________________________________.
(3)他的儿子不用功学习英语，而是逃课，这使他非常生气。
His son is
________________________________________________________________________，which
makes him boil with anger.
(4)(读后续写之助人型主旨句) 一个小小的善行，不管对接受者还是施予者，都是一份祝福。
One simple act of kindness is a blessing for ______________________________________.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．average
(1)On the whole，the average age of the boys in this class is fifteen.____________
(2)It’s said that the newspaper office receives an average of nearly 100 articles a
day.____________
(3)There was nothing special about the presentation—it was only average.____________
(4)Economic growth is expected to average 2% next year.____________
2．advanced
(1)The disease is too far advanced to be treated. ____________
(2)There are only three of us on the advanced course.____________
(3)The ancient Egyptians have advanced civilization.____________
3．skip
(1)Before one of these workouts，the men skipped breakfast，meaning that they exercised on a
completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast(禁食)．(2020·江苏)____________(2)You can skip the next chapter if you have covered the topic in class.____________
(3)The bombers skipped the country shortly after the explosion.____________
(4)She skipped happily along beside me when I told her the good news.____________
4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)Tom didn’t iron his shirt yesterday.____________
(2)Different cultures have different ways of disciplining their children.____________
(3)Nothing seems to satisfy their hunger for truth.____________
(4)Erin had gone beyond what almost anyone would have done，finding my house on a bitterly
cold night，and for that I was extremely grateful.____________
(5)Nearly 40 percent of jazz lovers live outside of the Dallas city limits and drive or fly in to enjoy
an evening in the Bishop Arts District.____________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．My nephew，who wants to become an astronaut，is ____________(commit) to making his
dream a reality.
2．If you devote yourself ____________ the demanding job，you are sure to make it.
3．I have convinced him ____________ the fact that associating with people will make you
optimistic about life.
4．The constant rain caused serious flood ，which，in turn，left many houses lying in
____________(ruin)．
5．Your essay is ____________(limit) to 800 words and you are supposed to hand it in before the
deadline of Oct.10.
6．Playing basketball used to take up 3 hours ____________ average every day，but now he is
too busy.
7. Chasing stimulation online is recognised __________(be) bad for your academic life.
8．The organization contributed a million yuan ____________ the disaster area，which earned it
a good reputation.
9．I didn’t make sense ____________ his intention in his presentation given at the meeting.
10．It is a sense of humour that sets him ____________ from other competitors.
11．I am extremely happy ____________(know) that we will have access to 5G technology in
the near future.
12．Not the host but the guests ____________(be) to blame for the quarrel yesterday.
13.A couple of weeks ago he was not enthusiastic ____________ his present position，but now he
is active.
14．From the bottom of my heart I appreciated ________(get) your incredible suggestions on how
to handle my emotional problem.假定你是李华，你将参加校英文报举办的主题为“The Scientist I Admire Most”的演讲
比赛，请写一篇演讲稿。
1．我最钦佩的科学家是钟南山，因为他在医学领域的贡献而被授予中华人民共和国勋章。
(contribution；who引导的定语从句)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．钟南山是一位非凡的医生，他一直致力于学术研究。(be committed to；非限制性定语从
句)
________________________________________________________________________
3．人们公认他在与严重的传染病的斗争中发挥了至关重要的作用。(It is recognised that)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．这些年来，除了他的无私和勇气，他的奉献和决心也赢得了人们的尊重。(apart from；
devotion)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．毫无疑问，他不仅致力于自己的事业，而且还经常锻炼身体。(not only...but also...引导的
倒装句)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
教材语料整合
[动作描写] reject；devote；drop out；convince；strive；ruin；skip；retire
from；collapse；label；get on；limit；hire；stay in；set sb/sth apart
[人物描写] persistent；determined；optimistic；committed；enthusiastic；
亮词
ambitious；appreciative；career；cooperation；comfortably；appreciate；
hunger；motivating；defensive；injured；influential；selfish；outstanding；
average；recognised；faith；discipline；guilty
美句 1.This worried me a lot and I felt very guilty being a rich man without doinganything.(情感描写)
2．But I think my sense of achievement comes from helping others and finding true
meaning in life.(结尾升华句)
3．Success is not measured by how much money you have but by how you
understand the true meaning of life.(结尾升华句)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：后悔、内疚与自责
单 regret v．& n．懊悔，惋惜→regretful adj.后悔的，遗憾的 guilt n．内疚
词 →guilty adj.内疚的→guiltily adv.内疚地
to one’s great regret/much to one’s regret 令某人深感遗憾的是 with deep/great
regret很遗憾 be full of guilt/be filled with guilt/be consumed with guilt/be overcome
词
by guilt满心愧疚 a feeling of guilt内疚感 have guilt written all over one’s face
块
满脸内疚 with a guilty look on one’s face 脸上露出惭愧的表情 drown in
feelings of guilt 沉浸在内疚感之中
I stood there，with regretful tears in my eyes.(with复合结构)我站在那里，眼里含
着遗憾的泪水。
On hearing the bad news，she felt extremely guilty.(on doing...)听到这个坏消息，
她感到非常内疚。
Desperate and helpless，Janet knelt down，tears of regret streaming down her
句 cheeks.(形容词短语作状语；独立主格)绝望而无助，珍妮特跪了下来，后悔的泪
型 水顺着面颊流了下来。
With guilt and regret flowing in my mind，I rose to my feet，rushed out and
apologised to her.(with复合结构；动作链描写)我心里充满了内疚和悔恨，我站起
来，冲出去向她道歉。
Drowning in feelings of guilt，he was at a loss，not knowing what to do next.(现在
分词短语作状语)沉浸在内疚感中，他不知所措，不知道下一步该怎么办。
语料运用 成功
①________________________(形容词短语作状语)，I collapsed in a heap on the ground，
②________________________________________________(独立主格)．Having rejected my
enthusiastic and optimistic monitor’s suggestions ， I failed the end-of-term
examination.③____________________________________(现在分词短语作状语)，I was at a
loss，not knowing what to do next.It was at that time that my monitor approached me ，
saying，“As long as ④____________________________________，I am greatly convinced
that you can make it sooner or later.” ⑤________________________________(with复合结构)，
I murmured，“I will be persistent and determined until I succeed.I am sincerely appreciative of
your generous help.”绝望而无助，我瘫倒在地，悔恨的泪水顺着脸颊流下来。由于拒绝了热情乐观的班长的
建议，我在期末考试中失败了。沉浸在内疚感中，我不知所措，不知道下一步该怎么办。就
在那个时候，我的班长走过来对我说：“只要你致力于自己的目标，我深信你迟早会成功
的。”脸上带着愧疚的神情，我喃喃地说：“我会坚持不懈、坚定意志，直到成功。我真诚
地感谢你的慷慨帮助。”
