文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．manuscript n．手稿，底稿
2．best-seller n．畅销书；畅销产品
3．beaver n．河狸，海狸
4．cucumber n．黄瓜
5．companionship n．友谊；友好交往
6．fingertip n．指尖
7．outline n．外形，轮廓
8．intoxicate v．使兴奋，使陶醉
9．probe v．调查；探究
10．revelation n．展现，显示
11．workaday adj.平凡的；平淡的
12．amid prep.在……之中
13．mighty adj.强有力的；雄伟的
14．orchestra n．(大型的)管弦乐队
15．tactile adj.触觉的
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．debt n．债务，欠款
2．pace n．速度；进度
3．dread v．畏惧，惧怕
4．rarely adv.很少，难得
5．overnight adv.突然，一下子
6．nevertheless adv.然而，不过；尽管如此
7．classic n．名著；经典作品
8．endurance n．(忍)耐力
9．guarantee v．保证；确保10．outcome n．结果，后果
11．worthwhile adj.重要的；值得做的
12．blanket n．毯子，毛毯
13．contest n．比赛，竞赛
14．upset adj.心烦意乱的，烦恼的
15．blessing n．幸事，幸运
16．worthy adj.值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的
17．dawn n．黎明，破晓
18．permanent adj.长久的；永久的
19．perfume n．香味
20．literary adj.文学的
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．inform v．通知，告知→information n．信息
2．rejection n．拒绝，否决→reject v．拒绝，否决
3．persevere v．锲而不舍，坚持不懈→perseverance n．毅力；韧性；不屈不挠的精神
4．criticism n．批评；指责→criticize v．批评→critic n．批评家→critical adj.批评的；关
键的
5．delighted adj.愉快的，高兴的→delight n．高兴；使人高兴的事 vt.使高兴→delightful
adj.令人愉快的，讨人喜欢的
6．enthusiastic adj.热心的，热衷的→enthusiasm n．热情→enthusiastically adv.热心地，满
腔热情地
7．elect v．选举，推选→election n．选举
8．appreciative adj.感激的→appreciate v．感激；欣赏→appreciation n．感激；欣赏
9．mere adj.仅仅，只不过→merely adv.只是，仅仅，只不过
10．gentleness n．和蔼，温和→gentle adj.温和的→gently adv.温和地
11．embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的→embarrass vt.使尴尬→embarrassing adj.令人尴尬的
→embarrassment n．困窘；尴尬
1．trigger /'trIɡə(r)/ vt.发动；引起；触发 n．(枪的)扳机；引发(某事)的因素
2．valid /'vælId/ adj.有效的；正式认可的
3．in practice实际上；事实上
4．eligible /'elIdʒəbl/ adj.有资格的；合格的
5．immigrate /'ImIɡreIt/ vi.(从外地)移居；移民
6．deed /diːd/ n．行为；行动
7．manufacture /ˌmænju'fæktʃə(r)/ vt.(用机器)大量生产；成批制造8．rot /rɒt/ vi.& vt.(使)腐烂；腐败变质 n．腐烂；腐败变质
9．rage /reIdʒ/ n．暴怒；狂怒 vi.& vt.发怒；怒斥
10．cultivate /'kʌltIveIt/ vt.种植；栽培；培育
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．worthy of 值得……的
2．regret to do对要做的事感到遗憾(还未做)
3．give up 放弃；停止
4．have...in common with...与……有共同之处
5．survive on...靠……为生
6．turn down拒绝
7．a total of总共
8．play a part 扮演角色；起作用
9．appreciative of...感激……
10．probe into探究，探索
11．go about 着手做；四处走动；传开
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．When he might have won had he stuck it out...(省略if的虚拟条件句)
如果他不放弃，胜利就在眼前……
2．This，however，was a time when women were not encouraged to become writers.(this is/was
a time when...)
然而，这是一个不鼓励女性成为作家的时代。
3．So，it seems that talent alone isn’t enough to guarantee success.(be enough to do)
因此，似乎仅凭天赋不足以保证成功。
4 ． Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform
you...”(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
坚持下去，你终会收到这样的回复：“我们很高兴地通知您……”
5．Only when darkness had again descended upon me should I realize how much I had left
unseen.(“only＋状语/状语从句”位于句首的倒装)
只有当黑暗再次降临到我身上，我才意识到我还有那么多没有看到。Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共10分)
1．outline n．外形，轮廓
2．probe v．调查；探究
3．revelation n．展现，显示
4．companionship n．友谊；友好交往
5．workaday adj.平凡的；平淡的
6．amid prep. 在 …… 之中
7．manuscript n．手稿，底稿
8．orchestra n． ( 大型的 ) 管弦乐队
9．mighty adj.强有力的；雄伟的
10．best-seller n．畅销书；畅销产品
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1.5分，共15分)
1．debt n．债务，欠款
2．pace n．速度；进度
3．rarely adv.很少，难得
4．guarantee v．保证；确保
5．outcome n．结果，后果
6．worthwhile adj.重要的；值得做的
7．classic n．名著；经典作品
8．contest n．比赛，竞赛
9．upset adj.心烦意乱的，烦恼的
10．worthy adj.值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2.5分，共15分)
1．inform v．通知，告知→information n．信息
2．criticism n．批评；指责→criticize v．批评→critic n．批评家→critical adj.批评的；关
键的
3．appreciative adj.感激的→appreciate v．感激；欣赏→appreciation n．感激；欣赏
4．gentleness n．和蔼，温和→gentle adj.温和的→gently adv.温和地
5．delighted adj.愉快的，高兴的→delight n．高兴 vt.使高兴→delightful adj.令人愉快的，
讨人喜欢的
6．mere adj.仅仅，只不过→merely adv.只是，仅仅，只不过
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．trigger vt.发动；引起；触发 n． ( 枪的 ) 扳机；引发 ( 某事 ) 的因素
2．valid adj.有效的；正式认可的3．eligible adj.有资格的；合格的
4．rage n．暴怒；狂怒 vi.& vt.发怒；怒斥
5．cultivate vt.种植；栽培；培育
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)
1．regret to do 对要做的事感到遗憾(还未做)
2．appreciative of... 感激……
3．a total of 总共
4．probe into 探究，探索
5．go about 着手做；四处走动；传开
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2.5分，共15分)
1．He persevered with his violin lessons.It was his perseverance that enabled him to become a
distinguished violinist.(persevere)
2．Today I am as enthusiastic about my job as the first day and my enthusiasm enables me to
treat my job enthusiastically.(enthusiastic)
3．Many people voted for him in the election and eventually he was elected as president.(elect)
4．The man seldom rejects others so he can’t accept rejection from others.(reject)
5．He took great delight in proving others wrong.When he did it，he felt delighted.But I don’t
think what he did is delightful.(delight)
6．To our embarrassment，all of us had no money to pay for the bill.In that embarrassing
situation，all of us were very embarrassed.(embarrass)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2.5分，共15分)
1．Under no circumstances will I give up my objective of becoming a novelist.
2．I think the proposal he put forward makes sense and is worthy of being tried.
3．There was a time when our big family survived on my father’s low salary.
4．Though Lucy and Lily are twins，they have little in common with each other.
5．Mei Lanfang played a key part in bringing Beijing Opera to the world.
6．His application was turned down more than once，which upset him a lot.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共15分)
1．如果你提前复习功课，你就会通过考试了。(省略if的虚拟条件句)
Had you reviewed your lessons ahead of time，you might have passed the exam.
2．(2022·浙江1月，应用文写作)和你在一起的那段时光使我感到那是我一生中最有意义的
时光。(that was a time when...)
That was a time when I felt I had the most meaningful time of my life together with you.3．我们必须要提出一个足够环保的方式来解决这个问题。 (be enough to do)
We must come up with a way that/which is environment-friendly enough to solve the problem.
4．不要放弃，迟早你会实现你的梦想。(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
Don ’ t give up and you ’ ll realize your dream sooner or later .
5．只有当他看到这幅画时，他才能决定这幅画是否值得买。(“only＋状语从句”位于句首
的倒装)
Only when he sees the painting can he decide if/whether the painting is worth buying.
Everyone has 1.a dream to realize.When you take part in a contest but you 2.are
informed(inform) that you fail it，you are upset.When you apply for a job but 3.what you receive
is always rejection，you are not 4.delighted(delight)．When you are enthusiastic 5.about doing
what you think is right but you hear a lot of 6.criticism(criticise)，you may be embarrassed and
annoyed.Nevertheless,7.whatever the outcome is，you should persevere.Stop 8.feeling(feel)
upset.After all，people 9.rarely(rare) make it overnight.I guarantee that if it is worthwhile to
be appreciative and develop your endurance，you are certain 10.to succeed(success).
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
inform v．通知，告知(information n．信息)
inform sb of/about sth通知某人某事
inform sb that...通知某人……
keep sb informed of...通知某人……；使某人知道……
(1)(应用文写作之告知信)It is requested that anyone who wants to participate in the contest
should register personal information(inform) online.
(2)我希望你能让我了解你的工作进展。
I hope you’ll keep me informed of how you’re getting on with your work.
(3)(应用文写作之告知信)得知你将去国外深造，我写信告知你一些必要的注意事项。
Learning that you will go abroad for further study，I’m writing to inform you of/about some
necessary do’s and don’ts.
(4)(2023·上海6月，书面表达)我想告诉你，我的展品可以激励大家珍惜我们日常生活中简
单的东西。
I would like to inform you that my exhibit can inspire/encourage/stimulate all to cherish simple
things in our daily life.
guarantee vt.保证；确保；肯定……必然发生 n．保证；保修单；担保物
·guarantee sb sth/guarantee sth to sb保证某人某事guarantee to do sth/that...保证做某事；保证……
·under guarantee在保修期内
give sb a guarantee that...向某人保证……
(1)The enthusiastic manager informs me that my car is less than a year old and it is still under
guarantee.
(2)(应用文写作之建议信)至于准备工作，提前阅读一些中文小说会确保让你融入汉语环境中。
As for preparation，reading some Chinese novels in advance will guarantee to make you adapt to
the Chinese language environment.
(3)(2021·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)我向你保证，一旦你读了英文报Youth你就会爱上它。读报
会保证你多彩的业余生活。
I guarantee/give you a guarantee that you will be fond of it once you read the English newspaper
Youth.Reading newspaper can guarantee you a colorful spare life/guarantee a colorful spare life to
you.
delighted adj.愉快的，高兴的(delight n．[U]高兴；愉快；[C]令人高兴的事；乐趣 vt.
使高兴；使欣喜 delightful adj.令人高兴的，讨人喜欢的)
·be delighted at/with/by...因……而高兴
be delighted to do sth因做某事而高兴；乐意做某事
·take (great) delight in...以……为(一大)快事
with/in delight高兴地；愉快地
to one’s delight令某人高兴的是
(1)At the sight of the delightful(delight) garden，the children shouted with/in delight.
(2)(2023·天津3月，书面表达)The reason why he is regarded as a living Lei Feng is that he takes
delight in assisting others.
(3)(2023·浙江1月，应用文写作)很高兴参加上周末举行的活动，所有的学生都了解了校园
里的植物，也减轻了沉重的学习压力。
Delighted to take part in the activity held last weekend，all the students learned more about plants
on campus and also relieved their heavy study pressure.
(4)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)令我高兴的是，我通过努力在写作比赛中取得了成功，我的
老师也为我的精彩表现感到高兴。
To my delight，I achieved success in the writing contest through hard work and my teacher was
also delighted at my wonderful performance.
worthwhile adj.重要的；值得做的(worth adj.值得；具有……价值 [古]值钱的 n．价值；
作用；重要性 worthy adj.值得尊敬的；值得赞赏的)
·It is worthwhile doing/to do sth.做某事是值得的。·be (well) worth doing ……(非常)值得做
be worth＋n.值得……；值……
·be worthy＋
(2022·浙江6月，应用文写作)我保证我们学校图书馆里的小组学习室值得体验，因此请接受
我真诚的邀请。
①I guarantee that it is worthwhile to experience the group study room in our school library，so
please accept my sincere invitation.(worthwhile)
②I guarantee that the group study room in our school library is well worth experiencing，so
please accept my sincere invitation.(worth)
③I guarantee that the group study room in our school library is worthy of being experienced/to be
experienced，so please accept my sincere invitation.(worthy)
embarrassed adj.难堪的，尴尬的(embarrass vt.使窘迫，使尴尬 embarrassing adj.令人
尴尬的；使人难堪的 embarrassment n．困窘；尴尬)
·be embarrassed at/about...因……感到尴尬
·to one’s embarrassment让某人尴尬的是
with/in embarrassment尴尬地
(1)His embarrassing(embarrass) criticism made me a laughing stock and I dashed out of the house
like crazy.
(2)(读后续写之情绪描写) 令我尴尬的是，我在舞台上把台词念错了，我为自己糟糕的表演
感到尴尬。我僵在那里，尴尬得满脸通红。
To my embarrassment，I blew my lines on the stage and I was embarrassed at/about my terrible
performance.I froze there，with my face flushed with/in embarrassment.
祈使句＋and＋陈述句 Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are
delighted to inform you...”
坚持下去，你终会收到这样的回复：“我们很高兴地通知您……”
“祈使句＋and＋陈述句” 句型中的祈使句相当于一个if引导的条件状语从句，and之后
的句子相当于主句。具体用法如下：
祈使句＋and＋陈述句＝ If...，＋主句
祈使句＋or/otherwise/or else ＋陈述句＝ If...not...，＋主句
名词词组(常含有more，another等词)＋and＋陈述句
(1)(应用文写作之建议信结束语) 遵循上面的建议，你会发现很容易改变你的糟糕状况。
Follow the above suggestions and you will find it easy to change your terrible situation.(2)(话题写作之习惯)改掉我的坏习惯，否则我将永远无法实现我最初的志向。
Get rid of my bad habit ， or/otherwise/or else I will never achieve my initial ambition.
(3)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我鼓励大卫说：“再努力一点，你很快就会到达终点的。”
I encouraged David，“Make more efforts/More efforts and you will reach the finishing line
soon/If you make more efforts ， you will reach the finishing line soon .”
“only＋状语/状语从句”位于句首的倒装 Only when darkness had again descended
upon me should I realize how much I had left unseen.只有当黑暗再次降临到我身上，我才意
识到我还有那么多没有看到。
在英语句子中，为了表示强调，把“only＋状语(副词/介词短语/状语从句)”置于句首，
主句要用部分倒装形式，即“Only＋状语＋助动词/情态动词/be动词＋主语＋其他”。
注意：当only修饰状语不位于句首或位于句首的only修饰的不是状语，而是主语时，均
不倒装。
(1)直到那时，她才意识到微笑的真正含义：带给别人温暖和陪伴。
Only then did she realize the true meaning of smiles：bringing others warmth and company.
(2)只有你来到中国，你才能真正体验中国的饮食文化。
Only by coming to China/when/if you come to China can you truly experience Chinese food
culture.
(3)只有通过这种方式，我们才能为我们的家庭和社会做出巨大贡献。
Only in this way can we make a great contribution to our family and society.
(4)(2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)“只有两个过路人买了我的爆米花。”伯纳德伤心地叹了口
气。
“Only two passers-by have bought my popcorn，” Bernard sighed sadly.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．upset
A.adj.心烦意乱的，烦恼的 B.vt.弄翻，打翻 C.vt.打乱 D.vt.使生气，使烦恼
(1)He stood up suddenly，upsetting the soup. B
(2)The sudden change of the weather upset our plan to go to the entertainment park. C
(3)(2022·全国乙)However，some high sugar brands，like Classic Coca Cola，have accepted the
sugar tax and are refusing to change for fear of upsetting consumers. D
(4)(2021·新课标Ⅱ)I was upset to learn that many sea animals eat plastic garbage，thinking it isfood. A
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)Your former employer has to reply within 14 days in order to contest the case. 对 …… 提出异
议
(2)①He gave up his job and was in a low mood because he couldn’t stand the working pace.节
奏
②I was so nervous that I paced backwards and forwards backstage.踱步
(3)I am in debt to him for his help，so whenever he is in trouble in the future，I will assist him
without hesitation.人情债
(4)It dawned on me that passing on kindness could make a difference to others.使开始明白
(5)With a blanket of snow on the ground，I had difficulty walking home.一层
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．No sooner had the barber moved in than the noise began and rarely did(do) he get a full
night’s sleep.
2．We regret to inform(inform) you of the cruel news that your application is not accepted.
3．It was because of poor management and lack of experience that the employer got into debt.
4．They have guaranteed to take(take) good care of the composer here.
5.Cheer up！There’s no need to be upset about/over/at it.Everything will be OK.
6．It is worthwhile to compare/comparing(compare) the two essential designs.
7．He is enthusiastic about scientific concepts，so we often spot him reading relevant books.
8．He turned down my invitation and I did be in a bad mood.
9．The fellow lowered his head in embarrassment(embarrass) due to his stupid mistake.
10．Make full preparation for the contest，otherwise/or you will become others’ laughing
stock.
2020·全国Ⅰ你校正在组织英语作文比赛。请以身边值得尊敬和爱戴的人为题，写一篇
短文参赛，内容包括：
1.人物简介；
2.尊敬和爱戴的原因。
完成句子
1．我很高兴有李华，一个17岁的少年，作为我最好的朋友，他对阅读、学习和帮助别人都
很感兴趣。(delighted；enthusiastic；定语从句)2．毫无疑问，李华有很多值得学习的品质。(worth)
3．他让我知道他在读什么书，这激励我读更多的书。(keep sb informed of；定语从句)
4．一旦我想放弃，他会说：“坚持下去，你迟早会取得进步的。”(祈使句＋and＋陈述句)
5．每当别人或我因考试不及格而感到尴尬时，他会毫不犹豫地来帮助我们。(embarrassed)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
The Person I Respect
There are many respectable people around us.
参考范文
The Person I Respect
There are many respectable people around us.I am more than delighted to have Li Hua，a 17-
year-old teenager，as my best friend，who is enthusiastic about reading，learning and helping
other people.
Without doubt，Li Hua has many qualities which are worth learning.First and foremost，he
keeps me informed of what book he is reading ， which motivates me to read more
books.Additionally，once I want to give up，he will say，“Keep trying and you will make
progress sooner or later.” Last but certainly not least，whenever others or I am embarrassed at
failing the exams，he always comes to our assistance without hesitation.
Such is Li Hua I respect most.I have the confidence that with such an excellent friend around
me，I will become better and better.
教材语料整合
[情感描写] debt；dread；delighted；delight；delightful；enthusiastic；upset；
appreciative；gentleness；intoxicate；embarrassed
亮词
[动作描写] persevere；elect；probe；descend
[人物描写] criticism；endurance；fingertip；companionship；haunt
1.“We regret to inform you...” These are the words that every writer dreads
receiving，but words every writer knows well.The response from a publisher comes
美句 back and the writer eagerly opens and reads it，their hearts sinking when they reach
that final sentence.(情感描写)
2.While a lot of hard work and a touch of luck play a part，perseverance is thekey.Keep trying and eventually you will read the words “We are delighted to inform
you...”(结尾升华句)
拓展语料积累 动作细节描写：眼睛(二)
keep an eye on注视 look sb straight in the eye直视某人的眼睛 narrow one’s eyes
词 眯起眼睛 turn one’s eyes to...眼神转向…… shut one’s eyes 闭上眼睛
块 squeeze one’s eyes shut 紧闭眼睛 eye sb up and down上下打量某人 one’s eyes
fall on sb 目光落在某人身上
With his eyes narrowed，he wondered what had happened.(with复合结构)
他眯起眼睛，想知道发生了什么事。
Noticing me come in，my father eyed me up and down，confused.(现在分词短语作
状语)
注意到我进来，父亲上下打量着我，迷惑不解。
句
Though my eyes were filled with tears，I still kept an eye on my teacher’s
型
expression.
虽然我的眼睛里充满了泪水，但我仍然注视着老师的表情。
When learning the truth，I squeezed my eyes shut and bit my lip，with tears running
down my cheeks.
得知真相后，我紧紧地闭着眼睛，咬着嘴唇，眼泪顺着脸颊流下来。
语料运用 永不放弃
David ① sat on the ground ， squeezed his eyes shut and bit his lip (动作链描写)，with tears
rolling down his cheeks.He ②dreaded being laughed at by other kids and receiving criticism
although he was enthusiastic about the cross-country run.Fear haunted him and he felt like standing
upon the edge of abyss.I kept an eye on him，but he turned his eyes to another direction，upset
and embarrassed，③avoiding looking me straight in the eye(现在分词短语作状语)．I remarked
with gentleness，“④Keep trying and you will be rewarded with applause(祈使句＋and＋陈述
句)．” Finally his eyes fell on me and his eyes sparkled with delight and hope.He said
⑤appreciatively/in an appreciative tone，“It gradually dawns on me that ⑥only with endurance
and determination can I achieve my goal(倒装句)．”
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)大卫坐在地上，紧紧闭着眼睛，咬着嘴唇，泪水顺着他的脸
颊流下来。他害怕被其他孩子嘲笑和受到批评，尽管他对越野跑很感兴趣。恐惧萦绕着他，
他觉得自己如临深渊。我注视着他，但他又难过又尴尬，把目光转向了另一个方向，避免直
视我的眼睛。我温和地说：“坚持下去，你就会得到掌声的回报。”最后，他的目光落在我
身上，眼里闪烁着喜悦和希望的光芒。他感激地说：“我渐渐明白了，只有有耐力和决心，
我才能实现我的目标。”高考题型组合练 20
提示：带★的文章和单元主题相关
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(★)
My name is Kenny，and my twin brother is Kevin.Kevin was born with autism(孤独症)．
When we began high school，I would see how rude the kids were being to Kevin and I knew it
was just not right.One day，a student walked past my brother and shouted rudely at Kevin.I had to
stand up for my brother.
I avoided physical conflict but I made sure that my point was made using my most powerful
weapon—my voice.I said，“Look at him.We have the same heart.We live on the same Earth.All
because he has an intellectual disability，you treat him differently？”
Kevin and I needed to make a change in our school and community—a change towards
respect and we knew sport was the perfect tool.Through our participation in United Sports where
people with and without intellectual disabilities play together on the same team，Kevin and I found
a way to change our school environment.
At first it was very challenging for us to work together because Kevin is not always very good
at communication，but together we worked tirelessly on exercises during practice.All of our hard
work paid off during our first soccer battle.Everyone on the team was nervous about how it was
going to go，but when my teammates and I stepped onto the soccer field，I noticed something that
filled my heart with pure happiness.We were a team.We were friends.And all the students and
volunteers were there to cheer on the team and our amazing players.
Kevin turned to me，broke out in tears and said，“I finally feel included.” Kevin had
finally found a place to belong within our school community.Our team played like rock stars and
Kevin had a great shot that helped to tie the game.
After that day，all of our lives changed.There was a new atmosphere in our school—one of
respect and inclusion.All of my teammates walked around school with a sense of pride and
courage.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的双胞胎弟弟由于患有孤独症在学校里
被其他同学无礼地对待，作者和弟弟通过参与一些体育活动使同学之间的关系变得和谐。
1．What do the underlined words “my point” in paragraph 2 refer to?
A．I planned to support my brother.
B．I intended to fight with the student by force.
C．I had the most powerful weapon of voice.
D．I considered it wrong to treat disabled kids rudely.
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。根据第一段中的“When we began high school，I would see how rude thekids were being to Kevin and I knew it was just not right.”以及第二段内容可知，作者确保用语
言表达自己的观点，所以画线部分my point表示“我的观点”，即作者认为无礼地对待有残
疾的孩子是不对的。故选D。
2．What was the challenge the author had in working with Kevin?
A．His few words.
B．His lack of respect.
C．His tireless practice.
D．His hesitation to play.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中的“At first it was very challenging for us to work together
because Kevin is not always very good at communication”可知，作者起初和弟弟一起训练时
遇到的困难是弟弟不太擅长沟通。故选A。
3．What did Kevin feel during the first soccer match?
A．He felt too nervous to kick the ball.
B．He had a sense of belonging at school.
C．He was proud of playing as a rock star.
D．He was happy to be cheered as the best player.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Kevin turned to me，broke out in tears and
said，‘I finally feel included.’ Kevin had finally found a place to belong within our school
community.”可知，在第一次比赛中，作者的弟弟在学校里有了归属感。故选B。
4．What happened at school after the first soccer match?
A．The author and Kevin had none to fear.
B．There was a new atmosphere to respect teachers.
C．Kids with intellectual disabilities were included.
D．United Sports became popular with students.
答案 C
解析 推理判断题。根据最后一段“After that day...a sense of pride and courage.”可知，通过
作者和弟弟的努力，在第一次球赛后，同学们接纳了那些有智力障碍的孩子。故选C。
B
This fall，students at the University of Massachusetts found a new menu at their dining
commons：the “diet for a cooler planet” menu.This meant herb-roasted lamb，raised with a
carbon-friendly approach.It included sweet potatoes that had been picked from a local farm’s field
post-harvest.The options were plant-heavy，locally grown，and involved little to no packaging.
“We wanted to let students participate in climate action by making choices about theirfood，” says Kathy Wicks，sustainability director for UMass Dining.The university is not alone
in this effort.Increasingly，American consumers and institutions are thinking about how their food
choices factor into climate change.For many，small choices at the grocery store，dining hall，and
restaurant can feel more accessible than big-ticket options like buying a fuel-efficient car or
installing home solar panels.
Small changes in dietary habits may make a big difference.Climate activists often target fossil
fuels and transportation systems，but studies point to the food system as a significant contributor
to global warming.According to Project Drawdown，a research organization that evaluates climate
solutions，the way food is grown，transported，and consumed accounts for about a quarter of the
world’s greenhouse gas emissions.Beef is a regular target.“If，on average，Americans cut a
quarter pound of beef per week from their diet，it’s like taking 10 million cars off the road a
year，” says Sujatha Bergen，director of health campaigns for the Natural Resources Defense
Council.Food waste ranks third among climate solutions.While much waste occurs before
consumers are involved—food left on the field or “chucked” because it does not fit appearance
standards，Americans also throw out a lot of food they have purchased：about $1,600 worth a
year per family of four.
“People are beginning to understand that their food choices have a big impact on
climate，” says Megan Larmer，director of regional food at the Glynwood Center for Regional
Food and Farming in New York.But，she cautions substantial change will need to come from the
whole food system.
语篇解读 本文是说明文。文章主要介绍了人们可以通过选择低碳食物对气候变化做出贡献。
5．What is the purpose of the new menu at the University of Massachusetts?
A．To market the cold dishes.
B．To reduce the cost of packaging.
C．To popularize the plant-heavy diet.
D．To promote low-carbon awareness.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的“‘We wanted to let students participate in climate action by
making choices about their food，’ says Kathy Wicks，sustainability director for UMass
Dining.”可推知，马萨诸塞州大学新菜单的目的是促进学生的低碳意识。故选D。
6．What can be inferred from paragraph 2?
A．Food is a decisive factor for climate change.
B．Food choices matter much to global warming.
C．Universities are working together in climate action.
D．Fuel-efficient cars are not affordable for consumers.
答案 B解析 推理判断题。根据第二段的“Increasingly，American consumers and institutions are
thinking about how their food choices factor into climate change.For many，small choices at the
grocery store，dining hall，and restaurant can feel more accessible than big-ticket options like
buying a fuel-efficient car or installing home solar panels.”可推知，食物选择对全球变暖意义
重大。故选B。
7．What does Sujatha Bergen say about beef?
A．It has a great influence on carbon reduction.
B．It is popular among millions of car drivers.
C．It has a close relationship with gas emission.
D．It plays a significant role in American’s diet.
答案 A
解析 推理判断题。根据第三段的“‘If，on average，Americans cut a quarter pound of beef
per week from their diet，it’s like taking 10 million cars off the road a year，’ says Sujatha
Bergen，director of health campaigns for the Natural Resources Defense Council.”可推知，
Sujatha Bergen认为少吃牛肉对减碳有很大影响。故选A。
8．Which of the following is a suitable title for the text?
A．Food System Reform：a Successful Trial
B．Global Warming：an Approaching Danger
C．Carbon Emission：a Killer，or Healer?
D．Low-carbon Diet：a Craze，or More?
答案 D
解析 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据第三段中“Small changes in dietary habits may make
a big difference...studies point to the food system as a significant contributor to global warming.”
和最后一段中“People are beginning to understand that their food choices have a big impact on
climate”可推知，文章主要介绍了人们可以通过选择低碳食物对气候变化做出贡献。故选
D。
Ⅱ.完形填空(★)
Little Oliver was Mason and Rebecca’s miracle child.Rebecca suffered three miscarriages(流
产) before Oliver was born.When they were still in extreme 1 ，Rebecca accidentally found
the little boy never reacted to any sound.After examination it was confirmed that Oliver was born
2 .
Facing such a blow，Mason and Rebecca never felt 3 .A few weeks later，Oliver got his
first hearing aid.Despite several 4 ，Oliver could at last hear!
Three years passed，and it was time to send Oliver to 5 .But the first day Oliver returned
home 6 .“I don-don’t want to go to school...I have no friends...”One day，Rebecca and Mason were called to the school，where Oliver’s teacher，Sophia
told them Oliver never 7 with his classmates.He was afraid that his classmates would 8
him over his deafness.Though Sophia talked to him again，he was 9 to communicate.
Rebecca and Mason told her their son was 10 for friendship inside.Sophia decided to do
something to help Oliver out of his 11 .They made a plan and put it into action on his sixth
birthday.Oliver 12 his classroom and found it decorated with balloons.He was surprised and
sat in his chair， 13 what was happening.Suddenly，all his classmates marched inside，
wearing colorful birthday caps and smiling at him.Oliver’s eyes rose with tears as he watched
them sing a happy birthday song in 14 .They had learned sign language to surprise the
birthday boy and make him feel 15 .
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了天生耳聋的Oliver在学校过得很不开心，他
的老师和同学们为他用手语唱了生日歌，Oliver觉得自己终于成了班里的一员。
1．A.sorrow B．happiness
C．surprise D．loss
答案 B
解析 根据上一句可知，Oliver是他的爸爸妈妈好不容易才拥有的小孩，所以当他出生时，
爸爸妈妈沉浸在幸福之中。故选B。
2．A.dumb B．blind
C．deaf D．one-handed
答案 C
解析 根据上文“Rebecca accidentally found the little boy never reacted to any sound”可知，
Oliver对声音没有反应，由此判断Oliver天生耳聋。故选C。
3．A.discouraged B．annoyed
C．embarrassed D．confused
答案 A
解析 根据下文“A few weeks later，Oliver got his first hearing aid.”可知，尽管Oliver耳聋，
他的爸爸妈妈却从未气馁。故选A。
4．A.operations B．tests
C．worries D．struggles
答案 D
解析 根据上文可知，Oliver得到了第一个助听器，而根据空后“Oliver could at last hear”
可知，Oliver终于听见了。由此判断，Oliver是经过几次挣扎努力。故选D。
5．A.school B．hospital
C．station D．work
答案 A
解析 根据上文的“Three years passed”以及下文的“I don-don’t want to go to school...Ihave no friends...”可知，Oliver到了该上学的时候。故选A。
6．A.laughing B．crying
C．adding D．explaining
答案 B
解析 根据下文“I don-don’t want to go to school...I have no friends...”可知，Oliver在学校
里过得很不开心，所以到家后哭了。故选B。
7．A.debated B．agreed
C．studied D．interacted
答案 D
解析 根据下文“He was afraid that his classmates would him over his deafness.”可知，
Oliver害怕同学们笑话他，所以他不愿意和同学们互动。故选D。
8．A.break down B．turn up
C．complain about D．laugh at
答案 D
解析 根据空后的“over his deafness”可知，Oliver担心同学们嘲笑自己耳聋。故选D。
9．A.unwilling B．careful
C．careless D．unable
答案 A
解析 根据上文“One day，Rebecca and Mason were called to the school...He was afraid that
his classmates would him over his deafness.”可知，Oliver不愿与他人互动交流。故选
A。
10．A.grateful B．desperate
C．responsible D．concerned
答案 B
解析 根据上文可知，Oliver外表表现得拒人于千里之外，但是内心还是希望有朋友的。短
语：be desperate for，意为“渴望得到……”。故选B。
11．A.doubt B．failure
C．insecurity D．reach
答案 C
解析 根据上文可知，Oliver内心渴望友谊，但是又害怕别人笑话他，所以他是缺乏安全感。
故选C。
12．A.locked B．cleaned
C．entered D．designed
答案 C
解析 根据下文“found it decorated with balloons”及“He was surprised and sat in his chair”可知，空处指的是Oliver进入教室。故选C。
13．A.confirming B．concluding
C．ignoring D．wondering
答案 D
解析 根据上文“He was surprised and sat in his chair”可知，他非常惊讶，所以他想知道发
生了什么事。故选D。
14．A.gesture B．return
C．deed D．word
答案 A
解析 根据下文“They had learned sign language to surprise the birthday boy”可知，Oliver的
同学们学习了手语，所以他们的生日歌是用手语来表演的。故选A。
15．A.independent B．sensible
C．included D．praised
答案 C
解析 included包含在内的。上文提到Oliver因为害怕同学们嘲笑他耳聋而不愿与同学交流，
为了帮助他，老师和同学们学习了手语为他演唱生日歌，给了他一个惊喜，就是为了让
Oliver觉得自己也是班级的一员。故选C。
Ⅲ.语法填空
I have always been a language enthusiast，especially of the languages more distant from my
mother tongue (Spanish)．I learned that only a year before,1. new degree
called Modern Languages and their Literatures ，which included Chinese among three other
languages,2. (establish) at the University of Granada.I chose to study Chinese though
I didn’t know a word of it.
The four years were a journey of hope and 3. (disappoint) in equal parts.I
wanted to quit several times in the third year,4. (see) that after two years of hard
study it was impossible for me to keep a simple conversation in Chinese.
Thinking of all the 5. (invest) time，I determined to finish my degree.After
that，I would look for an opportunity to go to China for further study.During my study period，the
one that 6. (real) helped me to start speaking Chinese was the Chinese Bridge，
a contest 7. which I participated with zero talent and great enthusiasm.The
preparation for the contest benefited me a lot and 8. (strengthen) my desire to
improve.Thus，I graduated with honors and applied for a one-year scholarship to study Chinese in
China.So in August of 2015，I arrived to Nanjing University,9. I lived and studied
for nine months.A year later，I headed to Yunnan Normal University 10. (pursue)
another Master’s Degree in teaching Chinese to foreigners.
When I look back to my past study life，I know it was many unknown paths that took me tothe right places.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。作者讲述了自己学习中文的经历。
1．答案 a
解析 考查冠词。 可数名词degree在句中表示“一个新的学位”，泛指，new发音以辅音
音素开头，用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。
2．答案 had been established
解析 考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子可知，establish 是谓语动词，与主语(a) new degree
之间是被动关系，结合句中“I learned that only a year before...”可知，动作发生在“过去的
过去”，应使用过去完成时。综上，谓语动词应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been
established。
3．答案 disappointment
解析 考查名词。提示词与hope是并列关系，应用名词 disappointment，作宾语。故填
disappointment。
4．答案 seeing
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，see是非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语I之间是主动关
系，所以应用现在分词表示主动。故填seeing。
5．答案 invested
解析 考查非谓语动词。结合句意可知，提示词作定语修饰名词time，是非谓语动词，同时
与time之间是被动关系，表示“被投入的时间”，应用过去分词形式。故填invested。
6．答案 really
解析 考查副词。提示词修饰动词helped，应用副词really作状语。故填really。
7．答案 in
解析 考查介词。 分析句子可知，“ which I participated with zero talent and great
enthusiasm”是定语从句修饰先行词contest，关系代词which将先行词代入定语从句中作动
词短语participated in的宾语，句中需要加上介词in并置于关系代词前。故填in。
8．答案 strengthened
解析 考查动词时态。分析句子可知，提示词strengthen与谓语动词benefited是并列关系，
作谓语动词，也应用一般过去时。故填strengthened。
9．答案 where
解析 考查定语从句。分析句子可知，空格处为非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词 Nanjing
University，关系词代替先行词在定语从句中作地点状语，表示“在南京大学”，应使用关
系副词where引导该从句。故填where。
10．答案 to pursue
解析 考查非谓语动词。根据句意，设空处表目的，应用动词不定式作目的状语。故填 topursue。
