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UNIT 4 NATURAL DISASTERS
佳作抢鲜背 学写作思路，背精彩范文(人与自然——海边脱困)
作者一家喜欢去海滩度假，一次在海边散步时，作者的爸爸发现了大海的异常，
海啸发生了……
精彩范文
My father shouted at us to run back to the hotel. He grabbed my hand and
pulled me with him. As we reached the hotel gate，we heard a roaring sound
behind us.Quickly，my father pushed us towards the stairs.Fear gripped us
and we reached the first floor when we heard the roar of rushing water and
glass breaking.My father yelled at us to keep climbing.We stopped on the
fourth floor and looked down at the water below us. It had stopped rising.After
some minutes，it began to drop.,
学习借鉴
1.富有表现力的词组
a roaring sound，rushing water，yelled at
2.精彩的动作描写
①grabbed my hand and pulled me...
②stopped on the fourth floor and looked down at the water...
③gripped us and we reached...
1.affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动(move/touch)→affection n.喜爱
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①I felt so helpless and insecure because the quality of my life was affected(affect).
(2022·浙江1月卷)②Affected (affect) with a serious disease，he was no longer able to speak clearly and
he knew there was no hope of recovery.
③In summary，the great figure affects me greatly/has a great effect/influence/impact
on me.I am often deeply affected by his countless moving stories.(短文投稿，2023·
全国甲卷)
总的来说，这位伟人对我有巨大的影响。我经常被其数不清的感人故事深深感
动。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·be deeply/greatly affected by... 被……深深打动/影响
be affected with... 染上……疾病
·show/have/feel much/an affection for... (非常)喜欢……，(非常)喜爱……
·have an effect/influence/impact on... 对……有影响
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Affected by those selfless doctors，I have developed a deep affection
for the career.
在那些无私的医生的影响下，我喜欢上了这个职业。
2.shock vt.(使)震惊(astonish) n.震惊；令人震惊的事；休克(生义)→shocked
adj.感到震惊的(astonished)→shocking adj.令人震惊的(astonishing)
以练促学 单句语法填空/一句多译
①On hearing that ， all my classmates were shocked(shock) ， exploding into
whispers.
②Seeing the great mess in the kitchen，the father was numb with shock.(2021·新高
考Ⅰ卷)
③熊在篱笆上撕了一个洞，把头伸进去，这让埃利和我都很震惊。(2020·浙江7
月卷)
→The bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head in，which shocked Elli and
me/which made Elli and me shocked.(定语从句)
→What shocked Elli and me was that the bear tore a hole in the fence and put his head
in.(what引导的主语从句),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·be a shock to...对……而言是一件震惊的事be numb with shock 震惊得目瞪口呆
in shock 吃惊地，震惊地
·be shocked at sth/that... 对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth 因做某事而感到震惊
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Dominated by an overwhelming sense of excitement and pride at his
words，I simply stood there in shock，and my feet，as if rooted to the ground，
couldn’t move a bit.
他的话让我感到无比的兴奋和自豪，我只是震惊地站在那里，我的脚好像扎根在
地上一样，一动也不能动。(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
3.bury vt.埋葬；安葬；专心于；使陷入
以练促学 句式升级/一句多译
①David still refused to look at me and his head was buried in his arms.(2022·新高考
Ⅰ卷)
→David still refused to look at me，burying his head in his arms.(分词短语作状语)
→David still refused to look at me，with his head buried in his arms.(with复合结构)
→David still refused to look at me，his head buried in his arms.(独立主格结构)
②我每天专心读英文报并获得了丰富多彩的知识。(短文投稿，2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
→I bury myself/am buried in reading the English newspaper every day and I have
gained abundant knowledge.
→Burying myself/Buried in reading the English newspaper every day，I have gained
abundant knowledge.(分词短语作状语),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
埋头于；专心于
bury one’s face in one’s hands 双手掩面
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Jennifer sat on the floor，burying her face in her hands, and her body
trembled as she softly began to cry.(动作＋情绪描写)
詹妮弗坐在地板上，双手捂着脸，身体颤抖着，轻声地开始哭泣。
[联想]
表示“专注于；致力于；埋头于”的短语还有：be absorbed in，concentrate on，
focus on，fix one’s attention on，
be devoted to/devote oneself to，
occupy oneself in doing/with/
be occupied in doing/with
4.suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n.受苦，遭
难→sufferer n.受害者(victim)；患者(patient)
以练促学 补全句子
①Seeing Chinese farmers suffering from starvation，he decided to cultivate a high-
yield rice to solve the problem.(人物介绍)
看到中国农民遭受饥饿，他决定培育一种高产水稻来解决这个问题。
②There are always some ups and downs in our lives，but it is the suffering that
makes us stronger.(强调句型；主旨升华)
生活中总有一些起起伏伏，但是正是苦难让我们更加坚强。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
suffer pain/defeat/loss 遭受痛苦/失败/损失
suffer from 遭受；患病
suffer severe damage 损失惨重
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 The smiles on their faces have deeply touched me and inspired me to
devote my life to helping those suffering pain.(主旨升华)
他们脸上的笑容深深打动了我，激励我致力于去帮助那些遭受痛苦的人。
5.survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过；比……活得长→survivor n.幸存者
→survival n.幸存；生还
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①When I realized that the poor boy survived on discarded(被丢弃的) food，a wave
of sadness and sympathy washed over me.
②We will do everything in our power to help those survivors(survive) in the tornado.
③Life isn’t about how to survive the storm；it’s about learning to dance in the rain.
(主旨升华)
生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。,用法归纳——————————————————————————
survive on 靠……存活下来
survive sth 幸免于；从……中活过来
A survive B (by＋时间) A比B活得长(……)
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Without the oceans，no living things would survive，humans included.
(短文投稿，2022·全国甲卷)
没有海洋，任何生物都无法生存，包括人类。
6.effect n.影响(influence/impact)；结果；效果；效力→effective adj.有效的；有
影响的(influential )
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①We have reached a stage where we must start taking effective(effect) measures to
protect the environment so as to save ourselves.(环境保护)
②In summary，the English newspaper Youth has a great effect/influence/impact on
me.(短文投稿，2021·新高考Ⅰ卷)
总的来说，英文报Youth对我有巨大的影响。
③Hopefully，my recommendations will soon be put into effect to(会付诸实施) settle
these problems.(建议信),
用法归纳——————————————————————————
take effect 生效；见效
come into effect 生效
have an effect/influence/impact on 对……产生影响
put...into effect 实施；使……生效/起作用
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Our future career has a great effect on our life，which requires our deep
consideration.
我们未来的职业对我们的生活有很大的影响，这需要我们深思熟虑。
7.in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
以练促学 补全句子
①Looking at the house which lay in ruins in shock，he called 911 immediately to
rescue the injured people who were trapped.(动作描写)
他震惊地看着成为废墟的房子，立即拨打了911来营救被困的受伤人员。②You can’t change the past，but you can ruin the present by worrying about the
future.(主旨升华)
你改变不了过去，但如果你忧虑未来，将会毁了现在。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
·lie/be in ruins 成为废墟
fall into ruin 成为废墟
be reduced to ruins 沦为废墟
·ruin one’s health/fame/future
毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 On returning to the town，they were shocked to find their neighborhood
in ruins.
当他们回到镇上时，他们震惊地发现他们家附近成了废墟。
1.句型公式：as if从句中的虚拟语气
【教材原句】 It seemed as if the world were coming to an end!
仿佛世界末日即将来临！
以练促学 单句语法填空/补全句子
①Jack wasn’t saying anything but the teacher smiled at him as if he had done (do)
something very clever.
②Knowing I got the first place in the writing contest，I felt as if (I were) on the top
of the world.(2023·新高考Ⅰ卷)
我知道自己在写作比赛中获得了第一名，我觉得自己好像站在世界之巅。
③Everything went on as usual as if nothing had happened.
一切照常进行，好像什么都没发生似的。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
as if/though意为“似乎，好像”，它所引导的从句中的语气及时态为：
·陈述语气(真实或极有可能发生的情况)
·虚拟语气(不真实或不可能发生的情况)
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 Tears swirling in his eyes，David raised his head，looked at me as if hewould say something/as if (he was) to say something，but lowered his head once
again.(2022·新高考Ⅰ卷)
眼泪在眼眶里打转，大卫抬起头，看着我，好像要说什么，但是又垂下了头。
2.句型公式：be doing...when...正在做某事这时(突然)……
【教材原句】 I was having breakfast with my three children when water
started filling my home.
我正和我的三个孩子一起吃早饭，突然海水开始灌到我家。
以练促学 补全句子
①They were about to put up/on the point of putting up the tent in the open air when a
loud whistle frightened them.
他们正要在户外搭起帐篷，这时一声响亮的口哨声把他们吓坏了。
②Mother had just woken up when she smelt an inviting smell of food.(2021·新高考
Ⅰ卷)
妈妈刚睡醒，就闻到一阵食物诱人的味道。,
用法归纳——————————————————————————
句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意，还
用于以下三种句型：
be about to do...when... 正要做……突然……
be on the point of doing...when... 正要做……突然……
had (just) done...when... 刚做完……这时突然……
————————————————————————————————
佳句背诵 He was walking cautiously along the road when his feet slipped and
he fell over.(动作描写)
他在路上小心翼翼地走着，这时突然脚一滑，摔倒了。
维度一 语境辨义练——熟词生义/一词多义
1.写出加黑部分的词性和汉语意思
①I climbed to the top of a small rise and realised that the mist was little more than a
few feet deep.(2021·全国甲卷) n.小山
②Ask the tourists from around the world that flood into Yellowstone National Park
what they most hope to see，and their answer is often the same：a grizzly bear.(2023·全国甲卷) v i . 大量涌入
③She was rushed to the hospital after suffering from shock. n . 休克
2.选出strike的汉语意思
A.vt.打动 B.v.使突然想起 C.n.罢工
D.vt.(灾难、疾病等)袭击 E.vt.敲钟
①When I entered the room，the clock had just struck 10.E
②After his vivid introduction，the idea that it is definitely Yuan Longping’s intense
efforts that feed so many people on Earth struck me deeply.(2023·浙江1月卷)A
③They have been on strike for several days to get a higher pay.C
④A big earthquake struck the city last year，killing hundreds of people.D
⑤It suddenly struck me that I could win the first place by forcing my head inside
the pumpkin.(2021·浙江1月卷)B
维度二 语境运用练——单句语法填空
1.Louise’s dream of finding her rescuers (rescue) came true and now that she’d
reunited with them，she hoped to stay connected forever.
2.The only thing that cannot be broken is our love，which is the strongest thing that
can never be destroyed (destroy).
3.Trapped (trap) in a net around the rock，the dolphin wasn’t able to swim up to get
air.
4.Shockingly (shock)，the graceful competitor just smiled calmly(calm) when she
learned that no effective (effect) measures had been taken.
5.Once，when trying a certain trick on the beam (平衡木)，I fell onto the stones，
damaging (damage) a nerve in my hand.(2021·全国甲卷)
6.Buried (bury) in his book，the athlete didn’t notice me when I slid (slide) into the
room.
7.Sometimes a smile can make a real difference to people suffering (suffer) from
disasters in the affected (affect) area.
8.Up to now food and water have been delivered (deliver) to the disaster-stricken
area，where many people surviving (survive) the disaster are in urgent need of help.
9.Knowing that you will adjust the broadcast schedule，length (long) and column，I
am writing to give my suggestions.(建议信)10.Happiness and success often come to those who are good at recognizing their own
strengths.
练一 单元话题作文(慰问信——慰问遭受地震的朋友)
1.根据提示，利用本单元所学知识完成作文
①我是学生会主席李华。听到一场可怕的地震意外地袭击了你的家乡，我感到非
常遗憾。(strike，同位语)
I’m Li Hua ， chairman of the Student Union.I’m deeply sorry to hear that a horrible
earthquake unexpectedly struck your hometown .,
②我渴望借此机会向那些在地震中遭受巨大苦难的人们表达我最深切的同情和关
心。(suffer，who引导定语从句)
I’m eager to take this opportunity to send my deepest sympathy and concern for the
people who suffered greatly in the earthquake .
③得知救援队已经赶到你的家乡伸出援助之手，我感到宽慰。(rescue，现在分词
短语作状语)
Learning that rescue teams have rushed to your hometown to lend a helping hand ， I
feel relieved.
④他们冒着生命危险营救被困在废墟的人们，完全把他们的安全抛在身后，这值
得我们尊重和钦佩。(be trapped in，ruin，现在分词短语作状语，非限制性定语
从句)
They have risked their lives to rescue people trapped in ruins ， totally leaving
their safety behind ， which deserves our respect and admiration.
⑤在政府和全国各地人民的帮助下，我们没有必要担心任何事情。(aid)
With the aid of the government and people across the country ， there is no need for
us to worry about anything.
⑥我坚信虽然深受地震的影响，灾区很快就会复苏，一切都会好起来的。
(affect，revive，状语从句的省略)
I’m fully convinced that though deeply affected by the earthquake ， the stricken
area will be revived soon ， and everything will be fine .,
2.使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇
Dear friend，I’m Li Hua，chairman of the Student Union.I’m deeply sorry to hear that a horrible
earthquake unexpectedly struck your hometown.
I’m eager to take this opportunity to send my deepest sympathy and concern for the
people who suffered greatly in the earthquake.Learning that rescue teams have
rushed to your hometown to lend a helping hand，I feel relieved.They have risked
their lives to rescue people trapped in ruins，totally leaving their safety behind，
which deserves our respect and admiration.What’s more，with the aid of the
government and people across the country，there is no need for us to worry about
anything.
I’m fully convinced that though deeply affected by the earthquake，the stricken area
will be revived soon，and everything will be fine.
Yours，
Li Hua
练二 续写能力升华(热考话题分步构思)
构思情节第二步：冲突化解
1.“I’m so sorry.” he said，gently petting Jackson’s head.
“对不起。”他说到，轻轻地摸摸杰克逊的头。
2.His mother silenced him by gently putting her finger on his lips，gave a soft kiss on
his forehead and walked out of the study.
他妈妈轻轻地把手指放在他的嘴唇上，让他停止说话，在他额头上轻轻地吻了一
下，然后走出了书房。
3.“I wanted to surprise you！” he pointed at a neatly wrapped box with his eyes
gleaming.
“我想给你一个惊喜！”他指着一个包装精美的盒子，眼里闪烁着光芒。
4.Seeing his families sitting together and staying together harmoniously，Cater felt a
surge of happiness.
看到他的家人坐在一起，和睦相处，卡特感觉到一种幸福感。
5.I looked at her，tears of love and gratitude welling up in my eyes.
我看着她，爱和感激的泪水在我的眼中涌起。
[小试身手]
I understood immediately what my parents were worried about.It turned out that they
were concerned I would spend money on something unimportant.In fact，they had
already signed up for a football training camp for me since I was keen on football.Theyjust hoped I could contribute a little too.Right now having realized my selfishness，
① I was feeling ashamed yet more moved ， with tears streaming down my
cheeks.Racing forward and throwing my arms around my dad，② I gave him a big
hug and apologized.From then on，③ never did I doubt my parents ’ love and I did
grow up.(2021·浙江6月卷)
我立刻明白了父母在担心什么。原来他们担心我会把钱花在不重要的事情上。事
实上，他们已经为我报名了一个足球训练营，因为我很喜欢足球。他们只是希望
我也能做出一点贡献。此刻，意识到自己的自私，我感到羞愧，但更感动了，眼
泪顺着脸颊流了下来。我冲上前，抱住爸爸，给了他一个大大的拥抱，并向他道
歉。从那以后，我再也没有怀疑过父母的爱，我也长大了。
(提示：构思情节第三步见下一单元。)
