文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．tornado n．(pl.-oes or -os)龙卷风；旋风
2．drought n．旱灾；久旱
3．landslide n．(landfall)(山地或悬崖的)崩塌；滑坡
4．tsunami n．海啸
5．volcanic eruption火山喷发
6．magnitude n．(地)震级；重大
7．evacuate vt.疏散；撤出 vi.撤离
8．helicopter n．直升机
9．crack n．裂纹；裂缝 vi.& vt.(使)破裂
10．brick n．砖；砖块
11．metal n．金属
12．unify vi.& vt.统一；(使)成一体
13．volcano n．(pl.-oes or -os)火山
14．erupt vi.& vt.(火山)爆发；(岩浆、烟等)喷出
15．typhoon n．台风
16．hurricane n．(尤指西大西洋的)飓风
17．whistle vi.吹口哨；发出笛声 vt.吹口哨 n．哨子(声)；呼啸声
18．kit n．成套工具；成套设备
19．first aid kit急救箱
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．disaster n．灾难；灾害
2．slide vi.& vt.(slid，slid)(使)滑行；滑动
3．flood n．洪水；大量 vi.淹没；大量涌入 vt.使灌满水；淹没
4．rescue n．& vt.营救；救援
5．damage vt.损害；破坏 n．损坏；损失6．destroy vt.摧毁；毁灭
7．affect vt.影响；(疾病)侵袭；深深打动
8．shelter n．避难处；居所；庇护 vt.保护；掩蔽 vi.躲避(风雨或危险)
9．gas n．气体；燃气；汽油
10．ruin n．& vt.破坏；毁坏
11．percent n．百分之…… adj.& adv.每一百中
12．trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．险境；陷阱
13．effort n．努力；艰难的尝试；尽力
14．context n．上下文；语境；背景
15．supply n．供应(量)；补给；[pl.]补给品 vt.供应；供给
16．tap vi.& vt.轻叩；轻敲；轻拍 n．水龙头；轻叩；轻敲
17．pipe n．管子；管道
18．emergency n．突发事件；紧急情况
19．calm adj.镇静的；沉着的 vt.使平静；使镇静
20．aid n．援助；帮助；救援物资 vi.& vt.(formal)帮助；援助
21．crash vt.& vi.碰撞；撞击 n．撞车；碰撞
22．sweep vt.& vi.(swept，swept)打扫；清扫
23．wave n．海浪；波浪 vi.& vt.挥手；招手
24．strike vi.& vt.(struck，struck/stricken)侵袭；突击；击打 n．罢工；罢课；袭击
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．death n．死；死亡→dead adj.死的→deadly adj.致命的→die v．死亡
2．shock n．震惊；令人震惊的事；休克 vt.(使)震惊→shocking adj.令人震惊的→shocked
adj.感到震惊的
3．electricity n．电；电能→electric adj.电的；用电的→electronic adj.电子的
4．bury vt.埋葬；安葬→burial n．埋葬；葬礼
5．breathe vi.& vt.呼吸→breath n．呼吸→breathless adj.气喘吁吁的
6．revive vt.& vi.复活；(使)苏醒→revival n．振兴；复苏
7．wisdom n．智慧；才智→wise adj.明智的→unwise adj.不明智的
8．suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦→suffering n．痛苦→sufferer n．
患者；受难者
9．survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸存；艰难度过→survival n．幸存；生存→survivor n．幸存
者；生还者
10．power n．电力供应；能量；力量；控制力→powerful adj.强有力的；有影响力的
→powerless adj.无力的11．deliver vt.& vi.递送；传达 vt.发表→delivery n．投递；送交
12．summary n．总结；概括；概要→summaris(z)e vt.& vi.总结；概括
13．effect n．效果；结果；影响→effective adj.有效的
14．length n．长；长度→long adj.长的→lengthen v．(使)变长
1．breeze /briːz/ n．微风；和风；轻而易举的事 vt.轻盈而自信地走
2．become jaded with对……感到厌倦
3．endow /In'daʊ/ vt.捐赠；资助
4．array /ə'reI/ n．大量；大群；阵列 vt.布置；排列
5．thread /θred/ n．线；思路；线状物 vt.& vi.穿(针)；穿过
6．beam /biːm/ n．光线；束；梁 vi.& vt.照射；发光；发热
7．weave /wiːv/ vt.& vi.(wove /wəʊv/or weaved，woven /'wəʊvn/or weaved)编织；编纂；编
造
8．web /web/ n．蛛网；网络，错综复杂的事物
9．prey /preI/ n．猎物；受害者 vt.捕食；欺凌；敲诈
10．deliberately /dI'lIbərətli/ adv.故意；蓄意；从容不迫地→deliberate /dI'lIbərət/ adj.故意的；
蓄意的 vi.& vt.深思熟虑
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．as if似乎；好像；仿佛
2．in ruins严重受损；破败不堪
3．in shock震惊；吃惊
4．in the open air露天；在户外
5．on hand现有(尤指帮助)
6．sweep away消灭；彻底消除
7．refuse to do sth 拒绝做某事
8．as usual像往常一样
9．come to an end告终；结束
10．the number of……的数量
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside buildings.
(too...to...)
鸡甚至猪都焦躁不安，不愿进食；狗拒绝进入屋内。
2．It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！(as if引导的虚拟语气)仿佛世界末日即
将来临！
3．Water，food，and electricity were hard to get.(主语＋be＋adj.＋to do)没有水和食物，电也停了。
4．Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out those who were
trapped and to bury the dead.(those who...)
地震发生后不久，部队派出了15万名士兵奔赴唐山，将受困群众从废墟中挖出，并掩埋死
者。
5．The most powerful earthquake in the past 40 years caused a tsunami that crashed into coastlines
across Asia yesterday，killing more than 6,500 people in Indonesia，India，Thailand，
Malaysia，and at least four other countries.(现在分词短语作结果状语)
昨日，40年来最为强烈的地震引发海啸，重创亚洲沿海地带，造成印度尼西亚、印度、泰
国、马来西亚和其他至少四个国家的6 500多人死亡。
6．I was having breakfast with my three children when water started filling my home.(be
doing...when...正在做……突然……)当时我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。
Disasters such as tornadoes，droughts，floods，landslides，volcanic eruptions，
typhoons，hurricanes and earthquakes have come one after another,1.____________(cause) great
damage to many countries.In summary ， the earthquake has the 2.____________(bad)
effects.The 1976 Tangshan earthquake caused more than 240,000 3.__________(die).90 percent
of homes lay in ruins and people suffered a lot.Food，water and electricity were hard to
get.Everywhere 4.____________ shocked survivors saw destroyed bricks，deep cracks in
village wells and useless metals as if the world were at an end.Rescue teams who were in shock
dug out the trapped,5.____________(bury) the dead，and built shelters in the open air.With
unified efforts and wisdom of all people，the city revived 6.____________(it) and began to
breathe again.Earthquakes under the sea can also cause tsunamis.The tsunami 7.____________
struck Asia in 2004 crashed into coastlines.Huge waves swept away many people.Foreign
countries aided these areas by delivering food and supplies by helicopters.Though these
natural disasters can not be avoided ， we can take some protective measures
8.____________(lower) their damage.When 9.____________(trap) in an emergency we should
keep calm，tap on a pipe or whistle for help，stay away from power lines and survive on
what you have on hand.Last but not least，always keep first aid kits at home 10.____________
case.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
shock n．休克；震惊；令人震惊的事 vt.(使)震惊(shocked adj.感到震惊的 shocking
adj.令人震惊的)
•in shock吃惊，震惊to one’s shock令某人震惊的是
•be shocked at sth/that...对……感到震惊
be shocked to do sth 因做某事而感到震惊
(1)All of us were ____________ at the ____________ news that many deaths had been caused by
the flood.(shock)
(2)汤姆在马拉松比赛中赢得了冠军，这对我们大家来说非常震惊。
Tom won the championship in the marathon，___________________________________.
(3)听到家乡被飓风摧毁的消息，她吓得脸色苍白。(读后续写之恐惧心理描写)
She __________________________________ that her hometown was destroyed by the
hurricane.
trap vt.使落入险境；使陷入圈套 n．陷阱；险境
•be trapped in 被困在……
trap sb into doing sth诱使某人做某事
•fall into/get out of a trap落入/摆脱圈套
lay/set a trap (for)(为……)布下陷阱/设置圈套
(1)People with weak control power are likely to be trapped ____________ buying useless goods
by the webcast.
(2)____________(trap) in the ruins for two days，the girl constantly held a positive attitude，
firmly believing that someone would come to her rescue.
(3)这位可怜的幸存者设下了一个简单的陷阱，试图抓住一只兔子来充饥，但却是白费力气。
________________________________，attempting to catch a rabbit to satisfy his hunger，but in
vain.
bury vt.埋葬；安葬；掩埋；隐藏(burial n．埋葬；葬礼)
bury sth in把某物埋在……
bury oneself in＝be buried in埋头于，专心于
bury one’s face in one’s hands双手掩面
(1)自毕业以来，她一直埋头于文物保护和修复工作，在这一领域做出了巨大贡献。(话题写
作之人物介绍)
Ever since graduation ， she ____________________________________ relic protection and
restoration work，making great contributions in this field.
(2)Hearing the bad news，she buried her face in her hands and burst into tears.(读后续写之动作
描写)
→Hearing the bad news，she burst into tears，__________________________.(现在分词作状语)
→Hearing the bad news，she burst into tears，____________________________.(with 复合结
构)
→Hearing the bad news，she burst into tears，____________________________.(独立主格结
构)
suffer vt.遭受；蒙受 vi.(因疾病、痛苦、悲伤等)受苦(suffering n．受苦，遭难；苦楚，
苦难 sufferer n．受难者；患者)
•suffer from患……病；受……苦
•suffer作及物动词时，意思同experience(体验；经历)，其后可跟pain，defeat，hardship等
词作宾语；suffer from中的from表示原因，意为“因……而受苦”。
(1)得知我的搭档得了重病，我非常焦虑，所以我冲向了医院。(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)
Knowing that my partner was ____________________________________，I was burning with
anxiety，so I darted towards the hospital.
(2)我的老师感叹道：“在写作的过程中，你一定经历过失败和艰辛。正是这些痛苦使你的
意志更加坚强。” (2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
My teacher exclaimed，“In the process of writing，you __________________________.It is
____________________________________ make you more strong-willed.”
survive vi.生存；存活 vt.幸免；幸存；艰难度过；生还；比……活得长(survivor n．幸
存者 survival n．幸存；生还)
survive on靠……存活下来
survive sth 幸免于；从……中活下来
A survives B (by＋时间) A比B活得长(……)
(1)The __________ owed his __________ to a TV program ，which taught what to survive
__________ when trapped in the wild.(survive)
(2)Although the old lady suffered from a serious illness ， she still survived her husband
____________ 5 years.
(3)生活不在于如何从暴风雨中幸存，而在于学会在雨中翩翩起舞。(读后续写之升华句)
Life isn’t about ________________________；it’s about learning to dance in the rain.
strike vt.& vi.(struck，struck/stricken)击打；(时钟等)敲响；擦(火柴)；撞击；侵袭；给
(某人以……)印象；突然想起 n．罢工；罢课；袭击
•be struck with/by被……所打动/袭击
It strikes sb that...某人觉得……；某人突然想起……
sth strikes sb 某人想到……•on strike罢工
•表示“突然想到”的词汇还有hit，occur to等。
(1)The workers are coming out ____________ strike for higher wages，which is a shock to the
government.
(2)我的朋友们都被一只小鸟和它的救命恩人之间的深厚联系深深打动了。
(2023·浙江1月，读后续写)
My friends ____________________________________ the profound bond between a little bird
and her saver.
(3)我突然想到一个好主意，我们可以在即将到来的教师节送给老师一份手工制作的礼物。
________________________ that we could give a handmade gift to our teacher for the coming
Teachers’ Day.
→________________________ we could give a handmade gift to our teacher for the coming
Teachers’ Day.(用it作形式主语改写)
as if引导的虚拟语气 It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！仿佛世界末日
即将来临！
•as if/though引导表语从句时常放在look，seem等系动词之后。
•as if/though可以引导状语从句，表方式，如果从句所描述的情况是真实的或极有可能发生
的，从句谓语用陈述语气；如果从句所描述的情况是不真实的或极少可能发生的，从句谓语
用虚拟语气：
与现在事实相反，用一般过去时(be动词一般用were)；
与过去事实相反，用过去完成时；
与将来事实相反，用would/could/might＋动词原形。
(1)Listen，the whistle of an ambulance！It seems as if there ____________(be) an emergency.
(2)When a pencil is partly put into water，it looks as if it ____________(be) broken.
(3)At the bad news，Mary froze with shock，as if ____________(root) to the ground.
(4)我一走进房子，它就发出了高兴的喵喵声，好像是在告诉我它以前住在这里。
The moment I stepped into the house，it let out a mew of delight ________________________ it
previously lived here.(拟人表达)
用法点拨 当as if/though引导方式状语从句时，如果从句的主语和主句的主语一致，且从
句中含有be动词的某种形式，则可以省略从句中的主语和be动词。
be doing...when... I was having breakfast with my three children when water started
filling my home.当时我和我的三个孩子正在吃早饭，海水开始灌入屋内。句中when用作并列连词，意为“这时突然”。when表示“这时突然”之意，还常用于以下
句型：
•be about to do...when...正要做……突然……
•had (just) done...when...刚做完……这时突然……
(1)我们刚从着火的房子里逃出来，房子就倒向地面，我们吓得魂不附体。(读后续写之恐惧
心理描写)
________________________________________ it fell to the ground and we were frightened out
of our wits.
(2)手里捧着罐子，我正匆忙上楼梯，突然我的一只脚被楼梯绊住了。我失去了平衡，努力
想稳住自己，但是没用。罐子从我的手指间滑落，摔在了坚硬的泥土地上。我刚要去捡起碎
片，就听到妈妈的声音，“发生了什么事？”(读后续写之片段描写)
With the jar in my hands，I ____________________________________ one of my feet was
caught on one stair.Losing balance，I tried to steady myself，but in vain.The jar slipped through
my fingers ， and smashed on the hard-as-rock mud floor.I
____________________________________ I heard my mom’s voice ， “ What’s
happening？”
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．deliver
(1)The princess had been delivered of a healthy baby boy，which made the handsome prince
wild with excitement.________
(2)The son of a grocer ， he’d spent the summers of his childhood delivering food in
Bernardsville，New Jersey.(2021·新课标Ⅰ)________
(3)Good evening，everybody.Professor King will be delivering his lecture in a moment，but let
me introduce him first.(2021·天津3月) ________
2．affect
(1)Deeply affected by the film，we couldn’t hold back tears.________
(2)Indeed，the researchers found that face-to-face interactions and conversations affect the
creative process.(2021·全国乙)________
(3)Learning that you are affected with a serious disease and have to return to Ireland，I am
terribly sorry about it.(2020·浙江7月)________3．power
(1)It was in the year 1843 that he came to power with his wife’s assistance.________
(2)The electric car ， powered by the latest battery ， can drive 600 miles on a single
charge.________
(3)The patient is left with the power to choose what he wants to talk about.
(2021·天津3月)________
(4)Agriculture gave people their first experience of the power of technology to change lives.
(2020·浙江7月)________
(5)Since lighting is often far removed from the power source...a lot of energy is lost during
transmission.(2020·全国Ⅰ)________
(6)The United States rose to global power on the strength of its technology，and the lifeblood of
that technology has long been electricity.(2022·浙江1月)________
4．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)When we visited the old family home ， past sweet memories came flooding
back.____________
(2)Much of the coast has been ruined by the tourism.____________
(3)Birds singing in the tree，the bright five-star red flag waved in the breeze.____________
(4)Weiner starts each chapter with a scene on a train ride between cities and then frames each
philosopher’s work in the context of one thing they can help us do better.
(2023·全国甲)____________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．He made a great effort to save the girl ____________(trap) in the burning house.
2．This event will supply you ____________ a precious opportunity to work with experts in this
field.
3 ． For thousands of years ， people have told fables to teach a lesson or to pass on
____________(wise)．(2023·全国甲)
4．____________(bury) in reading the legend of a master in basketball，he didn’t make it to
school on time.
5．As I ____________(sweep) up the mess，I wondered why we had been breaking so many
things over the months.(2021·天津3月)
6.Compared with those who are engaged in manual labor，teachers experience more mental
____________(suffer)．
7．____________ struck me that I was cheating myself by pretending to know what I didn’t
know.
8．The stadium and the gym laid ____________ ruins after the big fire caused by carelesssmoking.
9．She speaks English so fluently as if she __________(stay) in America for a long time.
10．To win an honour for his country，he didn’t give up even if he got injured in the race，
____________(set) a good example to others.
在2022年8月发生的重庆山火和2023年1月发生的泸定地震中涌现出了很多青年逆行
者榜样，如 00 后消防员、00 后志愿者等。你校正在组织以“We Should Shoulder the
Responsibility”为主题的英语征文活动，请你投稿，内容包括：
1.青年榜样的突出品质；
2.呼吁年轻人向他们学习。
完成句子
1．我在网上冲浪时，一篇关于00后消防员和00后志愿者的报道吸引了我的眼球。(be
doing...when)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
2．在重庆山火和泸定地震中涌现出了许多 00后的榜样，他们表现出了勇敢和责任感。
(emerge；定语从句)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
3．在一些人眼中，00后似乎是最叛逆(rebellious)的一代。(as if)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
4．然而，当面对自然灾害时，他们冒着生命危险营救被困在废墟或洪水中的人们，完全把
他们自己的安全抛在了身后。(be trapped in ruins；be faced with；分词作状语)
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
5．深受他们故事的影响，我呼吁所有年轻人向他们学习，并承担起我们的责任。(be
affected with/by；分词作状语)
____________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________
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教材语料整合
[情感描写] shock；in shock；calm；affect；effort
亮词 [动作描写] rescue；flood；trap；bury；damage；destroy；aid；sweep
away；wave；suffer；survive；shelter；strike；deliver
1.For several days，the water in the village wells rose and fell，rose and fell.(重
复)
2．Chickens and even pigs were too nervous to eat，and dogs refused to go inside
buildings.Mice ran out of the fields looking for places to hide，and fish jumped
out of the water.(排比)
3.It seemed as if the world were coming to an end！(夸张)
4.Hard hills of rock became rivers of dirt.(夸张)
美句 5.Bricks covered the ground like red autumn leaves.(比喻)
6.Tangshan started to revive itself and get back up on its feet.(拟人)
7.Slowly，the city began to breathe again.(拟人)
8.Soon after the quakes，the army sent 150,000 soldiers to Tangshan to dig out
those who were trapped and to bury the dead.(动作描写)
9.Tangshan city has proved to China and the rest of the world that in times of
disaster，people must unify and show the wisdom to stay positive and rebuild for a
brighter future.(主旨升华)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：恐惧(一)
frightened adj.害怕的→frightening adj.令人害怕的→frighten v．使害怕；scare
v．使害怕→scared adj.害怕的→scary adj.惊悚的，吓人的；panic v．/n.恐
单词
慌，害怕→panicked adj.恐慌的；dreadful adj.可怕的；极坏的；
terrible/horrible/awful adj.可怕的
词块 be in panic/be seized with panic惊慌失措；one’s throat tightens with horror/fear吓得喉咙发紧；be pale with fright吓得面无人色；be scared out of one’s wits吓
得魂不附体；be numb/frozen with fear吓呆了；frighten the pants off sb把……吓
得屁滚尿流；tremble with terror/horror吓得发抖；be scared to death/half dead
with fright吓得要死；tears of terror/horror/fear恐惧的泪水；one’s heart be
stuck on one’s throat心卡在嗓子眼
1.A flood of fear welled up in her when she walked in the empty street.(无灵主语
句)走在空荡荡的街道上，一阵恐惧涌上她的心头。
2.I was wandering in the wood when a snake came out and scared me to death.我
正在林间散步，突然一条蛇蹿了出来，吓得我半死。
句型 3.I froze with terror，too scared to move an inch.我吓得呆住了，寸步难行。
4.Seeing the bloody scene，she uncontrollably let out a scream of terror and
fainted on the ground.看到这血腥的一幕，她不受控制地发出恐惧的尖叫，昏倒
在地。
5.The explosion really frightened the pants off me.爆炸把我吓坏了。
语料运用 火灾救援
The fire started to spread all over the hotel ， and people fleeing out of it in time
①____________________________________.Just at that moment，a sharp scream came out of
the crowd.A young mother ②____________________________________________(定语从句)
cried that her baby was still in the hotel room.Hearing that ，
③_______________________________(无灵主语句)，and they didn’t know what they could
do in that situation.They tried to comfort the woman
④____________________________________，but words just failed them.They almost lost hope
when a young man quickly ran to the pool in front of the hotel，poured water on his jacket and
then rushed into the burning room.Seeing the scene，everyone ⑤______________________，
wishing he could successfully bring the baby out.⑥______________________________________
until they heard some cry of a baby.
大火开始蔓延到整个酒店，及时逃离的人们仍然非常恐慌。就在这时，人群中传来一声
尖锐的尖叫。一位吓坏了的年轻母亲哭着说她的孩子还在酒店房间里。听到这句话，人群中
涌起一阵恐惧，他们不知道在这种情况下能怎么办。他们试图安慰那个被吓得魂不附体的女
人，却不知道说什么。一个年轻人迅速跑到酒店前的游泳池，把水倒在夹克上，然后冲进着
火的房间时，他们几乎失去了希望。看到这一幕，所有人都吓得麻木了，希望他能成功把孩
子抱出来。每个人的心都卡在嗓子眼里，直到他们听到了婴儿的哭声。
