文档内容
1．path n．道路；小路；成功的途径
2．thinking n．思维，思想；想法
3．opportunity n．机会，时机
the opportunity to do sth做某事的机会
4．effort n．努力，费力的事；试图
make an/every effort to do sth尽力/努力做某事
make joint efforts to do sth共同努力做某事
spare no effort to do sth不遗余力去做某事
5．resource n．资源；资料；谋略
6．attitude n．态度，看法
hold a/an...attitude to/towards/toward...对……持有……态度
7．goal n．目标；进球得分
8．well-rounded adj.全面发展的；面面俱到的
9．individual n．个人 adj.单独的，个别的
10．ahead adv.(时间、空间)向前；提前
go ahead开始做；进行；说吧
ahead of time/schedule提前
11．forward adv.向将来；向前；进展，前进
12．tip n．指点，实用的提示；尖端；小费
13．style n．风格；方式；样式
14．technique n．技巧，技艺；技能
15．workshop n．研讨会，讲习班；车间，作坊
16．material n．材料；素材 adj.物质的，实际的；客观存在的
17．poster n．海报；(在网络留言板上)发布消息的人
18．secondary adj.中学的；次要的
19．host n．主人；东道主；主持人 vt.主办；主持20．biology n．生物学
21．tough adj.艰难的；严厉的；坚强的；坚固的
22．butter n．黄油
23．pudding n．甜点；布丁
24．rugby n．橄榄球运动
25．calligraphy n．书法，书法艺术
26．potential n．潜力；可能性 adj.潜在的，可能的→potentially adv.潜在地，可能地
achieve/fulfill/reach one’s (full) potential(充分)发挥某人的潜能
have the potential to do...有潜力做……
potential danger/problem/resource/customer潜在危险/问题/资源/顾客
27．senior adj.中学的(招收11或13岁以上学生)；级别高的；高级水平的；老年的 n．级别
(或地位)较高者；较……年长的人；高水平运动员→junior adj.(学校)为11或13岁以下儿童
设立的；地位(或级别)低的；青少年的 n．职位较低者；青少年运动员
be senior/junior to比……年长/年幼
senior/junior high school(美国)高中/初中
28．challenge n．& vt.挑战；质疑→challenging adj.具有挑战性的
29．positive adj.积极乐观的；良好的，正面的；确信的→positively adv.肯定地；乐观地
→negative adj.消极的
be positive about确信；对……积极
30．acquire vt.获得，得到→acquisition n．获得，习得
31．confidence n．信心，信任；把握→confident adj.自信的；有把握的→confidently adv.自
信地
·have/lose confidence in对……有/失去信心
with confidence自信地
·be confident about/of/that...对……有自信/有把握
32．facility n．设施，设备；场所→facilitate vt.促进，使便利
33．improve vt.& vi.改进，改善→improvement n．改善；改进
34．character n．品质，性格；特点；人物，角色；文字→characteristic adj.特有的；典型
的 n．特征；特点；品质
35．independent adj.自主的，有主见的；自立的→independence n．独立，自立→dependent
adj.依赖的，依靠的→depend v．依靠，依赖
36．detail n．细节；具体情况→detailed adj.详细的
in detail详细地
37．proposal n．提议，建议，动议→propose v．提议；建议；打算；求婚
38．professional adj.职业的，专业的；有职业的；娴熟的，精通业务的 n．专门人员，专业人士→profession n．专业，职业
39．alarm n．闹钟；恐慌；警报；警报器 vt.使惊恐，使害怕→alarmed adj.担心的；害怕
的→alarming adj.使人惊恐的，令人恐慌的
40．contribution n．贡献；捐款；捐赠→contribute vt.& vi.是……的原因之一；捐赠，捐献；
投稿
41．fortunately adv.幸运地，幸亏→fortunate adj.幸运的→fortune n．财富；运气
→unfortunate adj.不幸的→unfortunately adv.不幸地
42．option n．可选择的事物，选择；选修课→optional adj.可选择的；选修的
have no option but to do...别无选择只好做……
43．lie in存在于，在于
44．rise to能够处理
45．make the most of充分利用，尽情享受
46．take advantage of利用
47．last but not least最后但同样重要的
48．stick to坚持；固守，维持
49．over time随着时间流逝，久而久之
50．make a difference起作用，有影响
51．I can’t wait to describe to you what senior high school life is like.(what引导宾语从句)
我迫不及待地想要向你们描述高中生活的模样。
52．Put simply，potential is your natural ability that can be developed when you try hard
enough.(that引导定语从句)
简而言之，潜能是你与生俱来的能力，当你足够努力时，潜能就能得到开发。
53．To fully realize your potential，it is important for you to make the most of our school
resources.(it is＋adj.＋for sb＋to do sth)
要想充分发挥你的潜能，充分利用我们学校的资源对你很重要。
54．As Lao-Tzu wisely said，“A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step.”(as引
导非限制性定语从句)
正如老子睿智的箴言所说的那样：“千里之行，始于足下。”
55．I like it so much that I still use it as my alarm！(so...that...引导结果状语从句)
我那么喜欢它以至于我仍旧用它作闹钟！
56．At the end of each term，students put on a calligraphy show，attracting more students to
Chinese calligraphy.(现在分词短语作状语)
在每个学期结束时，学生们都会举办一场书法表演，以吸引更多的学生来学习中国书法。
1．advance n．进步，进展；前进，行进 vt.& vi.发展，进步→advanced adj.先进的；高级的→advancement n．促进；发展；前进
·advance towards sb/sth向某人/某物前进
·in advance预先；事先；预付
2.amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的→amazingly adv.惊人地，了不起地→amaze
vt.使惊讶；使惊奇→amazed adj.惊讶的；惊喜的→amazement n．惊讶
·be amazed at/by/that...对……感到惊讶
be amazed to do sth对做某事感到惊奇
·in amazement惊讶地
to one’s amazement 令某人吃惊的是
3.equal adj.相等的；平等的；相当的 n．同等的人(物) linking v．与……相等 vt.比得上
→equally adv.平等地；同样地→equality n．平等；相等
·be equal to (doing) sth等于……；胜任(做)某事
·equal sb/sth in (doing) sth在(做)某事上比得过某人/某物
·be without equal＝have no equal无与伦比
4.balance vt.同等重视；(使)保持平衡；权衡重要性 n．均衡，平衡；平衡能力→balanced
adj.平衡的；均衡的
·keep/lose (one’s) balance保持/失去(某人的)平衡
keep a balance between A and B 在A和B之间保持平衡
·balance A against B权衡A和B
5．responsible adj.有责任，负责；可靠的→responsibility n．责任；义务
·be responsible for sth对……负责
·take responsibility for sth对……负责
it is sb’s responsibility to do sth做某事是某人的职责
6．focus n．焦点，重点 vt.& vi.集中→focused adj.注意力集中的；目标明确的
·focus (...) on/upon...(把……)集中于……
·the focus of...……的焦点/中心
7.base vt.以……为基础(依据) n．根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营→basis n．原因，缘由；
基准，准则；方式；基础→basic adj.基本的；基础的→basically adv.大体上；基本上
·base...on/upon...把……建立在……的基础上
be based on/upon以……为根据(基础)
·on the basis of在……的基础上
on a daily/regular basis 每天/定期
8.remind vt.提醒，使想起→reminder n．引起回忆的事物；提醒人的事物
remind sb to do sth 提醒某人做某事remind sb of/about sth 提醒某人某事；使某人想起某事
remind sb that...提醒某人……
9.aim n．目的，目标 vi.& vt.力争做到；目的是；针对→aimless adj.无目的的→aimlessly
adv.无目的地
·with the aim of有……的目的
·aim sth at sb/sth 用某物朝向/瞄准某人/某物
aim to do/at doing...旨在做……；力求达到……
be aimed at目的是；旨在
10.exchange n．& vt.交换；交流；兑换
·in exchange (for) 作为(对……的)交换
exchange student交换生
·exchange A for B 拿A换B
exchange sth with sb 与某人交换某物
11.attract vt.吸引，使喜爱；招引；引起(反应)→attraction n．吸引，吸引力；有吸引力的
事物或人→attractive adj.有吸引力的
·attract one’s attention吸引某人的注意力
attract sb to sth吸引某人关注某事
be attracted to sth喜爱某事物
·tourist attraction旅游胜地
12.look forward to盼望，期待
·look forward to (doing) sth 盼望/期待(做)某事(to为介词，其后要接名词、代词或动名词作宾
语)
look forward 向前看(其后所接动词不定式表示目的)
·由介词to构成，后面加v.-ing/n./pron.的常见短语：be addicted to；be used/accustomed to；
get down to；lead to；pay attention to；stick to；turn to
13.as a result of由于
·as a result结果，因此
·result in导致
result from由……引起，起因于……
注意：表示“因为，由于”的短语还有because of，thanks to，due to，owing to等。
14.完全倒装句
Of equal importance are good study habits，useful skills and a positive attitude.
同样重要的还有良好的学习习惯、实用的技能以及积极的态度。
此句为“介词短语＋系动词＋主语”构成的完全倒装句。·介词短语或out，in，down，up，away，here，now，then，there等表示方位、地点和时间
的副词置于句首，且主语是名词时，句子用完全倒装。
·“such＋be＋主语”也构成完全倒装。
15.find＋宾语＋宾补
I found Maths quite easy and enjoyable because the material was less advanced in the UK than
in China.
我觉得数学很容易，学起来很愉快，因为英国的教材没有中国的难。
此句含有find的复合结构，即“find＋宾语＋宾补”，其具体用法如下：
·find＋宾语＋
·find＋it＋形容词/名词＋to do(it是形式宾语，to do是真正的宾语)
1．如果你能提前告知我你是否有空，我将不胜感激。期待尽快得到你的回复。
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，邀请信)
I’d appreciate it if you could let me know whether you are available or not in advance.I’m
looking forward to getting your earliest reply.
2．她既惊讶又尴尬，觉得好像所有的空气都快要消失了，全世界的人都惊讶地看着她。(读
后续写之心理描写)
Amazed and embarrassed，she feels as if all the air were to disappear and people around the world
were watching her in amazement.
3．首先，没人在英语口语方面比得过我。同样重要的是，我擅长与他人交流。因此，我坚
信我能胜任作为博览会志愿者的工作。(应用文写作之申请信)
To begin with，nobody can equal me in oral English.Equally important is/Of equal importance is
that I am good at communicating with others.So I hold the firm belief that I am equal to the job as
a volunteer for the fair.
4．我建议你应该在工作和放松之间保持平衡。(应用文写作之建议信)
I make a proposal that you should keep a balance between work and relaxation.
5．①我们应该对我们自己的行为负责，尽全力去保护海洋。(2022·全国甲，短文投稿)
We are supposed to be responsible for/take responsibility for our own behaviour and spare no effort
to protect the ocean.
②作为学校的一名特殊教育教师，帮助和鼓励这个残疾的孩子是我的职责。
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
As a special education teacher at the school，it is/was my responsibility to help and encourage the
disabled kid.
6．作为社会的一员，注重环境保护，改善北京的生态环境是我们的责任。
(2023·北京，建议信)As a member of society，it is our responsibility to focus on environmental protection and improve
the ecology of Beijing.
7．我写信告知你一些基本的餐桌礼仪。基于中国的传统风俗，你应该先让长者用餐。(应用
文写作之告知信)
I am writing to inform you of/about some basic table manners.Based on/On the basis of traditional
Chinese customs，you should let the elderly eat first.
8．我很荣幸能发表一个演讲来提醒我们所有人，我们必须立即采取措施来保护濒危物种。
(应用文写作之演讲稿)
①It’s my great honour to deliver a speech to remind all of us that we must take immediate
measures to protect endangered creatures.(remind sb that...)
②It’s my great honour to deliver a speech to remind all of us to take immediate measures to
protect endangered creatures.(remind sb to do...)
9．我写信是为了对你的慷慨帮助表示衷心的感谢。(应用文写作之感谢信)
I am writing with the aim of expressing my heartfelt gratitude to you for your generous help.
10．小女孩小心翼翼地走到我跟前，低声说：“我能用一些牛奶换你的面包和黄油吗？”
(读后续写之动作和语言描写)
The little girl stepped up to me cautiously，whispering，“Could I exchange some of the milk for
your bread and butter ？ ”
11．北京有很多旅游景点，它们非常吸引人，每年都有大量来自世界各地的游客被吸引到这
些地方。(话题写作之景点介绍)
There are many tourist attractions in Beijing，which are so attractive that a large number of tourists
from all over the world are attracted to these places every year.
12．如果您把我的申请考虑在内，我将不胜感激，我期待着尽快收到您的答复。
(2023·天津，申请信)
I would appreciate it if you take my application into consideration and I’m looking forward to
receiving your earliest reply.
13．讲座是如此重要，我不能缺席。因此，我不得不取消对你的拜访。(应用文写作之道歉
信)
So important is the lecture that I can’t afford my absence from it. As a result ， I have to cancel my
visit to you.
14．简的丈夫站在汽车前面，当他发现简不见了时，急得像热锅上的蚂蚁。(读后续写之情
感描写)(倒装句)
In front of the car stood Jane ’ s husband who felt like a cat on hot bricks when he found Jane was
nowhere to be found.
15．听到这个惊人的消息，我发现自己既兴奋又自豪，泪水模糊了我的眼睛。
(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
On hearing the amazing news，I found myself excited and proud，tears clouding my eyes.Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共8分)
1．facility n ． 设施，设备；场所
2．well-rounded adj . 全面发展的；面面俱到的
3．technique n ．技巧，技艺；技能
4．workshop n ．研讨会，讲习班；车间，作坊
5．material n ．材料；素材 adj . 物质的，实际的；客观存在的
6．secondary adj . 中学的；次要的
7．biology n ．生物学
8．rugby n ．橄榄球运动
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题1.5分，共18分)
1．senior adj.中学的；级别高的；高级水平的；老年的 n．级别(或地位)较高者；较……年
长的人；高水平运动员
2．goal n．目标；进球得分
3．junior adj.地位(或级别)低的；青少年的 n．职位较低者；青少年运动员
4．focus n．焦点，重点 vt.& vi.集中
5．effort n．努力，费力的事；试图
6．opportunity n．机会，时机
7．positive adj.积极乐观的；良好的，正面的
8．remind vt.提醒，使想起
9．exchange n．& vt.交换；交流；兑换
10．tough adj.艰难的；严厉的；坚强的；坚固的
11．attitude n．态度，看法
12．aim n．目的，目标vi.& vt.力争做到；目的是；针对
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题1.5分，共12分)
1．acquire vt.获得，得到→acquisition n．获得，习得
2．improve vt.& vi. 改进，改善→improvement n．改善；改进
3．independent adj.自主的，有主见的；自立的→independence n．独立，自立→dependent
adj.依赖的，依靠的→depend v．依靠，依赖
4．proposal n．提议，建议，动议→propose v．提议；建议；打算；求婚
5．responsible adj.有责任，负责；可靠的→responsibility n．责任；义务
6．professional adj.职业的，专业的；有职业的；娴熟的，精通业务的 n．专门人员，专业
人士→profession n．专业，职业7．base vt.以……为基础(依据) n．根据；基础；基底；总部，大本营→basis n．原因，缘
由；基准，准则；方式；基础→basic adj.基本的；基础的→basically adv.大体上；基本上
8．contribution n．贡献；捐款；捐赠→contribute vt.& vi.捐献；贡献；是……的原因
Ⅳ.核心短语(每小题2分，共12分)
1．lie in 存在于，在于
2．rise to 能够处理
3．take advantage of 利用
4．last but not least 最后但同样重要的
5．over time 随着时间流逝，久而久之
6．as a result of 由于
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共14分)
1．With the help of the advanced technology，we can complete the task in advance.(advance)
2．Much to my amazement，he was able to recite the whole poem from amazing memory.
(amaze)
3．Exposed to such a challenging task，she didn’t lose heart，but bravely accepted the
challenge.(challenge)
4．He gave her a confident smile and his confidence was a great comfort to her.(confident)
5．The young lawyer was equal to the job，but he didn’t get equality in wages，which let him
down.(equal)
6．Most of the visitors are attracted by the attractive town，which is a famous tourist attraction.
(attract)
7．Fortunately，I worked with some brilliant directors and made a large fortune.(fortune)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2分，共12分)
1．No matter how cold or hot it gets，my son and I will stick to our exercise routine.
2．Sometimes a small act of kindness can make a difference to others.
3．I do hope you can take my application into consideration and look forward to your early reply.
(应用文写作之申请信)
4．As senior high school students，it is important for us to make the most of the resources to
equip ourselves.(应用文写作之建议信)
5．As a result of his years’ efforts，he made a great breakthrough in his career.
6．I’d like to take advantage of this chance to make you aware of the importance of a positive
attitude.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题3分，共9分)1．一听到枪声，大卫和其他孩子就冲出起跑线，脸上洋溢着兴奋的光芒。(完全倒装)
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写之动作＋神态描写)
At the sound of a gun，out of the starting line rushed David as well as the other kids，their faces
brimming with excitement.
2．我是如此尴尬，我感觉脸上火辣辣的，心里七上八下。(so...that...引导结果状语从句)(读
后续写之尴尬心理描写)
I was so embarrassed that I felt my face burning，and I had butterflies in my stomach.
3．我发现适应新的学校生活很难，因此我真诚地寻求您慷慨的帮助。(find＋宾语＋宾补)
(应用文写作之求助信)
I find it difficult to adapt to the new school life，so I sincerely ask for your generous assistance.
Ⅳ.语法填空 文中加黑词汇为本单元词汇(每小题1.5分，共15分)
As a new senior high school student，you will meet a lot of 1.challenges(challenge)．The
following 2.are(be) some tips to help you lead a meaningful life.
Firstly，3.it is important for you to make the most of 4.amazing(amaze) resources in the
school to realize your potential.At the same time，make great efforts to get over difficulties and
seize every opportunity 5.to improve(improve) your ability.The more knowledge you acquire，
the more 6.confidence(confident) you will have.Secondly ，keep in mind 7.that good study
habits ， useful skills and a positive attitude are of equal importance.Plan your study
8.carefully(careful) and focus on your lessons in class.After class you’d better exchange words
9.with your classmates to improve your communication skills.In a word，learn to keep a balance
between your study 10.and hobbies and work out a reasonable plan.Soon，you will be a well-
rounded individual!
1．character
(1)To frame his story，Klein creates the character of Ned，a fictional witness to the progress
brought about by the steam and electric revolutions in America during one man’s lifetime.
(2022·浙江1月) C
(2)Fan Zhongyan is such a role model that he always encourages me to be a man of noble
character.(2023·全国甲) A
(3)Although landscapes in the Midwest tend to be quite similar，either farm fields or highways，
sometimes I find distinctive character in the hills or lakes.(2023·全国乙) B
(4)The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese
characters as an art form known as Chinese calligraphy. D2．tip
(1)And it was in Chile she discovered she could get last-minute cheap deals on ships going to
Antarctica from the islands off Tierra del Fuego，the southernmost tip of the South American
mainland.(2022·全国甲) C
(2)After I had my hair cut，I gave the hairdresser a generous tip. A
(3)Knowing some tips will help ensure that you have an enjoyable meal with friends or family—
no matter where you are in the world.(2022·全国甲) B
(4)With the box tipping over，out came the little one，who was not shy and instantly got
familiar with Poppy.(2020·浙江1月) E
(5)She tipped the waiter two dollars for his service. D
3．tough
A.adj.坚固的 B.adj.强壮的；坚强的 C.adj.食物嚼不烂的 D.adj.严厉的 E.adj.艰苦
的；艰难的
(1)Turning soil，pulling weeds，and harvesting cabbage sound like tough work for middle and
high school kids.(2023·新课标Ⅱ) E
(2)It was his tough character that resulted in his final success. B
(3)Don’t be tough on him，and after all，he was only trying to help. D
(4)This kind of steak is so tough that it is not suitable for little children. C
(5)In industry，diamond can form a tough，non-corrosive(耐腐蚀的) coating for tools. A
1．The football player scored a goal in the last minute and their team won the match.进球得分
2．Hearing the alarm，all the students lined up and walked out of the classroom quickly.警报
3．I must check my bank balance to find out how much money I have in my credit card.余额
4．It’s said that the poster was caught by the police for spreading rumors on the website.
发布消息的人
5．This semester our school offers many options to the students，each of which appeals to many
students.选修课
2022·新课标Ⅰ假定你是校广播站英语节目“Talk and Talk”的负责人李华，请给外教
Caroline写邮件邀请她做一次访谈。内容包括：
1.节目介绍；2.访谈的时间和话题。完成句子
1．我写这封信是想邀请您参加我们学校广播站主办的一档很棒的英语节目“Talk and
Talk”。(amazing，host)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．该节目主要是关于英语学习，旨在提高学生的英语水平，拓宽他们的视野。(aim，
improve，现在分词短语作状语)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．访谈定于6月10日下午6点到8点进行，其重点是讨论如何引起学生说英语的学习兴趣。
(focus，attract，定语从句)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．访谈结束后，两名学生代表将面对面地与您交换他们自己的想法。(exchange...with...)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．我相信您的访谈会对我们所有的学生都有很大的影响。(confident，make a difference to)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6．我们大家都期待着您的参与。如果您能在方便的时候尽快回复，我们将不胜感激。(look
forward to)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇 把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
参考范文
Dear Caroline，
I’m writing to invite you to participate in “Talk and Talk”，an amazing English
program hosted by the broadcasting station of our school.Aiming to improve students’
English level and broaden their horizons，this program is mainly about English learning.
The talk is scheduled to be conducted from 6 p．m.to 8 p．m.on June 10，whose focus/the
focus of which is talking about how to attract students’ learning interest in speaking
English.What’s more，after the talk，two student representatives will exchange their own
thoughts with you face to face.I am confident that your talk will make a great difference toall of us students.
All of us are looking forward to your participation.We would appreciate it if you could reply
at your earliest convenience.
Yours sincerely，
Li Hua
教材语料整合
[情感描写] positive adj.积极乐观的；正面的
amazing adj.令人大为惊奇的，令人惊喜的→amazed adj.惊讶的；惊喜的
→amazement n．惊讶
亮词 confidence n．信心；信任；把握→confident adj.自信的
fortunately adv.幸运地 look forward to盼望，期待
[动作描写] advance vt.& vi.发展；前进 focus vt.& vi.集中 remind vt.提
醒，使想起 alarm vt.使惊恐，使害怕
1.I can’t wait to describe to you what senior high school life is like.(心理描写)
2.Who knows what beautiful works of art you will create，what medical advances
you will make or what amazing technologies you will develop! (排比)
3.The possibilities are endless，and I have confidence in your ability to make a
美句 difference to your family，to your community and to our country.(心理描写)
4.Last but not least，always look on the bright side and never lose hope，even in
difficult situations.(积极态度)
5.As Lao-Tzu wisely said，“A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single
step.”(主旨升华)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：快乐与兴奋
1.delight n．开心→delighted adj.开心的
2.pleasure n. 高兴，开心→pleased adj.开心的；满意的
3.excite vt.使激动→excited adj.激动的→excitedly adv.激动地
4.cheer v．欢呼；鼓舞→cheerful adj.兴高采烈的
单词 5.joy n．高兴→joyful adj.高兴的
6.thrilled adj.非常兴奋的
7.overjoyed adj.狂喜的
8.giggle v．& n．咯咯笑
9.grin v．& n．露齿笑
词块 1.a sense/wave of joy and happiness一种喜悦和幸福感2.sweep/flood over sb涌上心头
3.in high/cheerful spirits兴高采烈地
4.with excitement激动地
5.to one’s delight/joy令某人开心的是
6.be wild with joy/delight/happiness欣喜若狂
7.be seized by joy/be overcome with happiness非常高兴
8.dance/jump for/with joy高兴地跳起舞来/跳起来
9.be delighted/pleased beyond description高兴得无法形容
10.grin from ear to ear笑容满面
1.The thought of the moments shared with my grandpa filled me with great
joy.
一想到与爷爷共度的时光，我就充满了喜悦。
2.Hearing/Seeing...，he jumped up and down with excitement/joy.听到/看
到……，他兴奋得跳来跳去。
3.The children were thrilled/wild with joy at the sight of... 孩子们一看到……
就欣喜若狂。
句型
4.She hummed and skipped in the forest like a bird.她像鸟儿一样在森林里哼
唱蹦跳。
5.The smile on her face shone like a diamond.她脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪闪
发光。
6.Then came a voice far from where we were，bathing us in extreme joy.
接着，从远处传来一个声音，使我们沉浸在极大的欢乐中。
7.A flood/wave of joy/pleasure welled up in him.一阵喜悦涌上他的心头。
语料运用 学校生活
Upon/On hearing the announcement，a group of freshmen ①waved goodbye to their parents
with great excitement.However，at the thought of adapting to the new school life，I felt ②a flood
of anxiety welled up in/swept over me(无灵主语)．When looking around，I ③found other
freshmen chatting with each other warmly(find＋宾语＋宾补)．I was about to join them when I
felt a warm hand patting me on the shoulder.④To my amazement，it was my friend Lily.⑤Excited
and relieved(形容词短语作状语)，we hugged each other tightly.⑥Bathed in extreme joy(过去分
词短语作状语)，we ⑦hummed and skipped on campus like birds(比喻)．With the company of
my friend，I quickly integrated into this new group.
一听到通告，一群新生极其兴奋地向父母挥手告别。然而，一想到要适应新的学校生活，
我就感到一阵焦虑涌上心头。环顾四周时，我发现其他新生在热情地聊天。我正要加入他们，
这时我感到一只温暖的手拍着我的肩膀。令我惊讶的是，是我的朋友莉莉。既兴奋又欣慰，
我们紧紧地拥抱在一起。沉浸在极度的喜悦中，我们像鸟儿一样在校园里哼唱蹦跳。有了朋友的陪伴，我很快就融入这个新集体。
高考题型组合练(1)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
As students return to school this fall ， many of them—perhaps especially those from
historically disadvantaged student groups—will be starting the academic year with achievement
levels lower than where they were at the beginning of summer break.This phenomenon is
sometimes referred to as summer learning loss.We review what is known about summer loss and
offer suggestions for schools looking to solve the problem.
The recent studies on summer loss have been rather comprehensive.One study found that
students，on average，lost between 25－30 percent of their school-year learning over the summer.
However，an analysis of the national study found little evidence of overall loss over the
summers after grades K and 1，and the summer loss gaps widened in some subjects and grades but
not others.Von Hippel and Hamrock re-analyzed two earlier data sets and concluded that gaps “do
not necessarily...grow fastest over the summer”．Thus，it seems summer loss occurs，though
not universally across geography，grade level，or subject.
Schools want to address the issue of summer learning loss not only because it may widen
achievement gaps，but also because it“wastes”so much of the knowledge students have gained
during the school year.Summer loss also undoubtedly increases the amount of time teachers have to
spend “re-teaching” last year’s content.
Traditionally ， educators and policymakers have relied on conventional summer school
programs to solve summer learning loss.Not surprisingly，research suggests that programs are
more effective when students attend consistently and spend more time on task
academically.Regardless of the design，these policies should offer engaging options for students
over the summer so that summer learning programs do not feel like punishment for students who
would rather be enjoying summer vacation.Doing so would set more students up for success as the
school year gets underway.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了在暑假期间，学生可能存在知识遗忘的情况，并针
对这一问题提出了可行的建议。
1．What was the author’s purpose in writing paragraph 1?
A．To propose a definition.
B．To make a comparison.
C．To present an issue.D．To make an argument.
答案 C
解析 写作意图题。根据第一段中的“This phenomenon is sometimes referred to as summer
learning loss.”可知，作者通过呈现一种现象来引入话题。由此可知，作者写第一段的目的
是呈现问题。故选C。
2．According to the studies，what do we know about summer learning loss?
A．Summer learning loss seemed to vary in grades and subjects.
B．Immigrant students experienced the most summer loss.
C．Senior students did not lose learning over the summer.
D．Summer learning loss after grades K and 1 was alarming.
答案 A
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“Thus，it seems summer loss occurs，though not
universally across geography，grade level，or subject.”可知，夏季学习损失似乎因年级和科
目而异。故选A。
3．According to the fourth paragraph，why do schools want to solve the problem of summer
learning loss?
A．Because it may narrow achievement gaps.
B．Because it may stop students gaining more knowledge.
C．Because it may increase teachers’ new teaching content.
D．Because it may cause repetitive work for teachers.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。第四段提到“Summer loss also undoubtedly increases the amount of time
teachers have to spend ‘re-teaching’ last year’s content.”由此判断，暑假学习损失会导致
教师的重复授课，让老师在秋季学期开始的时候重新讲授之前的知识，这就是学校想要解决
夏季学习损失问题的原因。故选D。
4．What does the author think of summer school programs?
A．The conventional programs are ineffective.
B．More choices should be provided for students.
C．Students should do more academic tasks.
D．The programs are punishment for students.
答案 B
解析 观点态度题。最后一段提到“Regardless of the design，these policies should offer
engaging options for students over the summer so that...”由此判断，作者认为应该给学生提供
更多有吸引力的选择，让学生既能保证学习效果，又能好好享受假期。故选B。
BVideo has become an increasingly popular educational tool.As a storytelling medium，video
is in many ways superior to text or lecture-based instruction，but it is not without disadvantages.It
can be difficult to search or find already seen content for review.And note-taking is especially
laborious(费力的)．
Hari Subramonyam，a research professor in the Stanford Graduate School of Education，and
two workmates，have used computer vision and natural language processing tools to develop
VideoSticker，a note-taking application specifically for video-based learning.
VideoSticker combines video，transcripts(文本)，and a powerful visual and textual note-
taking application.Better yet using AI，VideoSticker can automatically identify and trim(修剪)
objects out of the video and place them in the note-taking area.VideoSticker then deals with the
transcripts using tools like those behind popular voice recognition and chatbots to pull key text into
the note-taking area，combining it with the relevant imagery.
It all adds up to a big head start on manual(手工的) note-taking and allows students to focus
on the important content to improve comprehension and recall.
To evaluate the effectiveness of the VideoSticker approach，the researchers conducted a test
with 10 undergraduate students.Each completed a 75-to-90-minute note-taking session.They then
reported their experiences.All participants noted VideoSticker’s flexibility in note-
taking.“Trimming the objects and controlling them in the video viewing panel is cool，” notes
one participant.
“Overall，I think VideoSticker is a great example of AI making a good combination with the
learning context to balance manual note-taking with the experience of learning that is so important
to real comprehension，”Subramonyam says.“As video becomes more commonplace in the
classroom，as it is sure to in coming years，a tool like this will be very much needed.Going
forward，my team plans to partner with educators to evaluate VideoSticker in real-world learning
contexts and make the tool commercially available.”
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。VideoSticker是一个利用人工智能技术的视频笔记应用，可
帮助学生在视频课上更好地学习和记笔记。
5．What is paragraph 3 mainly about?
A．What VideoSticker is about.
B．Where VideoSticker can be applied.
C．Why VideoSticker was developed.
D．How VideoSticker works.
答案 D
解析 段落大意题。根据第三段“VideoSticker combines video，transcripts (文本)，and a
powerful visual and textual note-taking application...VideoSticker then deals with the transcripts
using tools...to pull key text into...”可知，本段主要介绍了VideoSticker是如何工作的。故选D。
6．What was the participants’ attitude to VideoSticker?
A．Unclear. B．Doubtful.
C．Disapproving. D．Favorable.
答案 D
解析 观点态度题。根据倒数第二段最后两句“All participants noted VideoSticker’s
flexibility in note-taking.‘Trimming the objects and controlling them in the video viewing panel is
cool，’ notes one participant.”可知，参与者很认可VideoSticker。故选D。
7．What will Subramonyam’s team do next?
A．Create more learning tools.
B．Put VideoSticker on the market.
C．Improve real-world learning contexts.
D．Allow AI to change manual note-taking.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中末句“Going forward，my team plans to...and make the
tool commercially available.”可知，Subramonyam的团队计划把VideoSticker推向市场，使
该工具商业化。故选B。
8．Which is the most suitable title for the text?
A．Video-based Learning Gains Popularity Due to VideoSticker
B．Note-taking Applications Begin to Attract More AI Developers
C．VideoSticker Helps Students Take Notes from Video Lessons
D．Educators Consider VideoSticker as an Essential Teaching Tool
答案 C
解析 标题归纳题。通读全文，尤其根据第二段“...have used computer vision and natural
language processing tools to develop VideoSticker，a note-taking application specifically for
video-based learning.”可知，文章主要介绍了VideoSticker是一个利用人工智能技术的视频
笔记应用，可帮助学生在视频课上更好地学习和记笔记。C项最适合作文章标题。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
(2024·江苏南通如皋期中)
University life is full of fun and experiences.But to make learning much more enjoyable，you
should follow certain steps that will help you out in keeping your stress level down and having the
most of the fun in the university.
Always get involved in the events.Doing something every day is very important not only in
the university life but also in the practical life. 1 Be active and smart.Join the societies，which
will help you develop personality and increase your confidence.
Always show up.Showing people that you are there with them and always will be.Offer helpto everybody.In this way more people will know you and you will be able to wipe off your fear of
social interaction. 2
Make as many friends as possible.Don’t restrict yourself in making friends；it will help
increase your knowledge.You will learn a lot about different cultures and this will help you with
your practical life too.By communicating with different people you’ ll learn different interesting
aspects of their lives.
3 If you keep thinking all the time about future，you will end up being depressed.You
start losing your focus and begin to worry about less important things. 4 Release your stress
and be present-focused.It will greatly help you in accomplishing your goals and achieving
happiness.
Keep a balance. 5 Being extreme in one field might bring astonishing results，but this
will affect other aspects of your life.Keep a balance between short-term goals and long-term
benefits.This will help you in achieving a perfect and enjoyable life.
A．Be present-focused.
B．Do not waste time doing nothing.
C．Just relax and stop thinking about the future.
D．Never move towards the extreme and try living an average life.
E．Some students may like to have many friends and enjoy a party lifestyle.
F．Nobody cares if you miss class，don’t eat properly，nor don’t go to a party.
G．The more people you know，the easier it will be for you to walk around without being shy.
1．答案 B
解析 由上文“Doing something every day is very important not only in the university life but
also in the practical life.”可知，此处表示不要无所事事，而 B项“Do not waste time doing
nothing.”符合语境，其中的“not...doing nothing”与上文的“Doing something”相呼应。故
选B。
2．答案 G
解析 由上文“In this way more people will know you and you will be able to wipe off your fear
of social interaction.”可知，此处表示你认识的人越多，越容易和人们接触，就越不会感觉
害羞。而G项中“being shy”和上文的“your fear of social interaction”相呼应。故选G。
3．答案 A
解析 由下文“If you keep thinking all the time about future ，you will end up being
depressed.”以及“Release your stress and be present-focused.”可知，本段作者强调应着手现
在。而A项“Be present-focused.”符合语境，对下文有总结作用。故选A。
4．答案 C
解析 由下文“Release your stress and be present-focused.”可知，此处表示放松，不要想着未来，故C项符合语境，其中“Just relax”与下文的“Release your stress”相呼应。故选
C。
5．答案 D
解析 由下文“Being extreme in one field might bring astonishing results，but this will affect
other aspects of your life.”可知，此处表示不要走极端，尽量过普通的生活。而 D项中
“move towards the extreme”与下文“Being extreme”相呼应。故选D。
Ⅲ.完形填空
I finally retired.After 30 years’ 1 as director of a radio station，I would have more
time for housework，but I worried I’d lose the sense of 2 I had felt in my profession.
I pushed at the garage’s wooden doors，but they were 3 .I finally got the doors open
and started to empty the shelves.Then my hand hit something 4 .It was a common old metal
can.I 5 the cover and found a 6 envelope with a postmark of May 13,1940 inside. 7
，I opened it and found some flower seeds in it，“Eighty years old！I wonder if they’ll still
grow.”
I 8 the seeds in a plastic pot.I checked it every day，but nothing happened.“I guess
they’re just too 9 to be any good，” I told my wife Peg in 10 .I picked up the pot to
get rid of it，but something made me 11 .I changed my mind and set it aside.Meanwhile，I
was keeping 12 ，improving my photography skills and teaching my granddaughters
gardening.
Six weeks later，I was out in the yard when I 13 to notice the pot.A new bit of green—a
leaf had 14 .I proudly showed it off to my granddaughters.“Look，girls，even something
this old can still 15 for its purpose and be pretty cool.Just like your grand-papa！”
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者退休后在打扫仓库时发现一包存放了80年的
种子，没想到最后它们居然发芽了。人也应该像这些种子一样带着使命感生活，即使退休不
工作了。
1．A.dream B．belief
C．study D．service
答案 D
解析 根据前文“I finally retired.”和后文“as director of a radio station”可知作者在电视台
作为台长工作了30年。故选D。
2．A.freedom B．purpose
C．trust D．security
答案 B
解析 根据最后一段中的“for its purpose”和“Just like your grandpapa！”可知，刚退休时
作者担心在生活中会失去工作时拥有的目标感。a sense of purpose意为“使命感，目标感”。故选B。
3．A.worn B．stuck
C．broken D．lost
答案 B
解析 根据前文“I pushed at the garage’s wooden doors，but”以及后文“I finally got the
doors open”可知，这个门卡住了。故选B。
4．A.delicate B．special
C．hard D．sharp
答案 C
解析 根据后文“It was a common old metal can.”可知，我的手触碰到的是一个金属罐，它
是坚硬的。故选C。
5．A.removed B．washed
C．cleaned D．fastened
答案 A
解析 根据后文“...and found a envelope with a postmark of May 13,1940 inside.”可
知是打开盖子后才发现里面的东西，故选A。
6．A.labeled B．selected
C．yellowed D．ruined
答案 C
解析 根据后文“with a postmark of May 13,1940 inside”可知，由于年代久远，信封早已泛
黄。故选C。
7．A.Curiously B．Sincerely
C．Skillfully D．Bravely
答案 A
解析 根据前文“with a postmark of May 13,1940 inside”可知，作者对这个邮戳日期很早的
信封很感兴趣，所以好奇地将它打开。故选A。
8．A.collected B．planted
C．abandoned D．stored
答案 B
解析 根据后文“the seeds in a plastic pot.I checked it every day”可知，作者把种子种在塑料
盆里。故选B。
9．A.old B．wet
C．weak D．small
答案 A
解析 根据前文中的“Eighty years old！I wonder if they’ll still grow.”及“I checked it everyday，but nothing happened.”可知，作者认为种子没发芽，是因为它们存放时间太久了，故
选A。
10．A.anger B．surprise
C．regret D．relief
答案 C
解析 根据前文“I checked it every day，but nothing happened.”可知，作者期待的种子没有
发芽，因此他很遗憾地告诉佩格。in regret表示“遗憾地”。故选C。
11．A.delay B．reflect
C．hesitate D．disappoint
答案 C
解析 根据前文“I picked up the pot to get rid of it，but...”以及后文“I changed my mind and
set it aside.”可知，作者想把它扔掉时又犹豫了。故选C。
12．A.upset B．awake
C．social D．busy
答案 D
解析 根据后文“improving my photography skills and teaching my granddaughters gardening”
可知，作者一直忙碌着，也忘了种子的事情。故选D。
13．A.expected B．attempted
C．failed D．happened
答案 D
解析 根据上文“Meanwhile，I was keeping ，improving my photography skills and
teaching my granddaughters gardening.”和后文“A new bit of green—a leaf”可知，这段时期
作者一直忙着别的事情，忘记了种子的事情，六周后他到院子里偶然发现了种子发芽。
happen to do表示“碰巧做，偶然做”。故选D。
14．A.showed up B．fallen off
C．taken off D．dried up
答案 A
解析 根据前文“A new bit of green—a leaf”和后文“Look，girls，even something this old
can still for its purpose and be pretty cool.”可知，新的绿叶出现了。故选A。
15．A.compete B．grow
C．survive D．relax
答案 B
解析 根据前文“I wonder if they’ll still grow.” “A new bit of green—a leaf”和后文“for
its purpose”可知，这些种子为了自己的目标而生长。故选B。
Ⅳ.语法填空Chinese high school principal Zhang Guimei has been honored 1. the title
“Role Model of the Times” in recognition of her dedication to education for girls.
With the support of the Party and the government，she helped establish the country’s first
senior high school to offer free education for girls from poor families.Since it opened in 2008，it 2.
(see) more than 1,800 students progress to universities and colleges.
About 20 years ago，while on the way to visit a student’s house，Zhang Guimei，then a
rural teacher in Huaping county，Lijiang，Yunnan Province，noticed a girl 3. (sit)
on the hillside.She was staring 4. (blank) into space.The girl,13，told Zhang she was
about to get married and it was arranged by her parents.
That fateful encounter(邂逅) persuaded Zhang 5. (build) a free high school for
girls，aiming to help break the spell(魔咒) 6. women drop out of education，marry
early and spend 7. (they) whole life in the remote mountain.
After years of trying to raise funds，in 2008，Huaping High School for Girls，a free public
high school,8. (found) at the foot of the Shizi Mountain in Huaping，where Zhang is
the principal.Over the decades，more than 1,800 9. (graduate) have been admitted to
college,10. is regarded as a “miracle” in the remote area，as most students
didn’t perform well in academic study before the school was established.
1．答案 with
解析 考查介词。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查固定搭配 be honored with，意为“获
得荣誉”。故填with。
2．答案 has seen
解析 考查动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里有 Since it opened in
2008作时间状语，谓语动词用现在完成时，主语是it，助动词用has。故填has seen。
3．答案 (was) sitting
解析 考查非谓语动词或者动词的时态和主谓一致。分析句子结构和意思可知，动词 sit是
宾语girl主动发出的动作，所以用现在分词形式，表示主动和进行，作宾语补足语。也可以
理解为noticed后面跟宾语从句，空处为从句的谓语动词，用过去进行时，表示当时正在发
生的动作，主语是girl，be动词用was。故填(was) sitting。
4．答案 blankly
解析 考查副词。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里需要副词修饰动词 staring。故填
blankly。
5．答案 to build
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构和意思可知，这里考查动词短语 persuade sb to do
sth，意为“说服某人做某事”。故填to build。
6．答案 that解析 考查同位语从句。分析句子结构和意思可知，“women drop out of education，marry
early and spend (they) whole life in the remote mountain”是解释前面名词spell的内容，
空格处引导同位语从句，从句基本成分完整，上下文意思连贯，用连词 that引导。故填
that。
7．答案 their
解析 考查形容词性物主代词。分析句子可知，这里需要形容词性物主代词作定语，修饰后
面的名词短语whole life。故填their。
8．答案 was founded
解析 考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。分析句子结构和意思可知，这句话描述的是过去
的事情，动词found和主语a free public high school之间是被动关系，所以用一般过去时的
被动语态，且主语是a free public high school，be动词用was。故填was founded。
9．答案 graduates
解析 考查名词的复数。分析句子结构和意思可知，名词graduate前面有more than 1,800修
饰，所以用复数形式。故填graduates。
10．答案 which
解析 考查定语从句。分析句子结构和意思可知，空格处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词是
整个主句的内容，在从句中作主语，用关系代词which引导。故填which。
Ⅴ.应用文微写作
假设你是启明中学高三学生李明。临近毕业，你校学生会即将组织一次校园文创产品义
卖活动，已在校园网公布了如下方案，征求师生意见。请你给校学生会写一封邮件，内容须
包含：
1．提出你认为需要改进的地方及改进建议；
2．给出你的理由。
校园文创产品义卖活动方案
时间：2023年7月11日(周二)1：00 pm－2：00 pm
地点：学校操场
拟售文创产品：明信片、帽子、书签、笔记本等
范文补全
Dear Students’ Council，
My name is Li Ming，a student of our Qiming High School.I’m 1.more than happy to offer
you some advice on(非常高兴能给你提供一些关于……的建议) the campus cultural and creative
products charity sale.
First，I think the time of the charity sale should be between 5：00 pm and 6：00 pm on
Tuesday，July 11,2023,2.when we will be free(那时我们都有空)．Besides，the place of the
charity sale should be in each class,3.where we will not be exposed to the sun(在那里我们不会在太阳下曝晒).4. What ’ s the most important is that we can sell anything as long as they are cultural
and creative products(最重要的是，我们可以卖任何东西，只要它们是文创产品)．
Hope my suggestions can be of great help to you.
Yours，
Li Ming
高考题型组合练(2)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·安徽江淮十校联考)
When robots and humans interact in a shared environment，it is important for them to move
in ways that prevent conflicts or accidents.To reduce the risk ， roboticists have developed
numerous techniques that monitor an environment，predict the future actions of humans，identify
safe trajectories(轨道) for a robot and control its movements accordingly.
Predicting human behavior and movements ， however ， can be incredibly
challenging.Determining the future movements of a robot，on the other hand，could be far
easier.If human users could anticipate the movements of robots and the effects these will have on
the surrounding environment，they should then be able to easily adapt their actions in order to
avoid accidents.
With this in mind，researchers at Kyushu University in Japan recently created a near-future
perception system named Previewed Reality that allows human users to forecast future changes in
their environment，which could then inform their decisions and guide their actions.This system
compiles a data-set containing information about the position of objects，humans and robots
within the same environment，to then produce simulations(模拟) of events that could take place in
the near future.These simulations are presented to human users via Virtual Reality(VR) or
Augmented Reality(AR) headsets.
To collect information about the position of different objects，robots，and humans in a
shared environment，the researchers used a number of strategically placed sensors，including
optical trackers that monitored the movements of objects or robots，and an RGB-D camera which
mainly tracked human actions.The data gathered by the sensors was then fed to a motion planner
and a dynamics simulator.Combining these two system components allowed the researchers to
forecast changes in a given environment and synthesize(合成) images of events that are likely to
occur in the near future，from the viewpoint of a specific human.Human users could then view
these synthesized images simply through a VR headset or an AR display.
“This system provides human-friendly communication between a human and a roboticsystem，” the researchers explained.In their next studies，they plan to expand and simplify the
perception system，for instance by creating a lighter and more affordable version that can be
accessed on smartphones or other portable devices.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了日本的研究人员创建了一个名为“预览现实
Previewed Reality”的近未来感知系统。
1．Why did the researchers develop the system?
A．To predict future changes in human behavior.
B．To record developments in the field of robotics.
C．To enhance safety of human-robot interactions.
D．To make good use of virtual reality technology.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第一段中“To reduce the risk...control its movements accordingly.”可
知，研究人员开发这个系统是为了提高人机交互的安全性。故选C。
2．What is special about Previewed Reality?
A．It simulates near-future events via VR headsets.
B．It enables human users to perceive future events.
C．It guides robots to track humans’ movements easily.
D．It helps determine the location information of objects.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中“This system compiles a data-set...via Virtual Reality (VR)
or Augmented Reality (AR) headsets.”可知，Previewed Reality的特别之处是它使人类用户能
够察觉到未来可能发生的事件。故选B。
3．What is paragraph 4 mainly about?
A．Functions of various sensors.
B．New ways to synthesize images.
C．The structure of Previewed Reality.
D．The working process of Previewed Reality.
答案 D
解析 段落大意题。根据第四段“...the researchers used a number of strategically placed
sensors...The data gathered by the sensors was then...Human users could then...”可知，第四段的
主要内容是Previewed Reality的工作过程。故选D。
4．What might the researchers do in the future?
A．Promote the new version through advertising.
B．Test this perception system with smart phones.C．Apply some new techniques to robotic systems.
D．Make the system accessible on portable devices.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中“In their next studies，they plan to...creating a lighter and
more affordable version that can be accessed on smartphones or other portable devices.”可知，研
究人员未来可能会使系统可在便携式设备上存取。故选D。
B
Farming is destroying the planet.But there could be a much more environmentally friendly
way to feed ourselves: using renewable energy to turn carbon dioxide (CO ) into food.
2
“This is becoming a reality，” says Pasi Vainikka at Solar Foods.The company is building
the first commercial-scale factory，near Helsinki in Finland，which will be able to make food
directly from CO .
2
At the factory，renewable electricity will be used to break down water to produce hydrogen
and oxygen.The hydrogen will be added to large containers，where the bacteria grow，along with
CO and ammonia(NH ) to provide carbon and nitrogen separately.Some of the CO will be taken
2 3 2
directly from the air at a visitors’ centre at the factory，Vainikka says，and the rest will come
from industrial sources.The end result will be a yellow powder called Solein that is made of
bacterial cells and is up to 70 per cent protein.It can be used as an ingredient in all kinds of foods，
from meat alternatives to grains and snacks.“We are aiming at replacing animal-sourced
proteins，which we think have the highest environmental impact，” says Vainikka.
Solein was approved as a food ingredient in Singapore in October 2022，and Solar Foods is
awaiting approval in the UK，the European Union and the US.
Compared with plant crops，Solein will use 100 times less water per kilogram of protein
produced,20 times less land—including the land used for energy production—and produce a fifth
as much CO ，according to Solar Foods.Compared with beef，a kilogram of protein can be
2
produced using 600 times less water and 200 times less land，again counting the land used for
energy production，while producing 200 times less CO ，says the company.
2
There are other benefits ， too: factories could be situated anywhere in the world and
production won’t be affected by weather extremes.“With Solar Foods and other companies
scaling up(扩大) their systems，this is truly stepping in a new age of agriculture，” says Dorian
Leger at Connectomix Bio in Germany.
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了芬兰食品科技公司Solar Foods制造新型蛋白
质，以缓解农业给环境带来的压力。
5．What can we learn about Solein from paragraph 3?
A．It was used as feed for animals at first.B．Up to 70 per cent of it can be recycled.
C．It is made from hydrogen and oxygen.
D．It can be applied to food production.
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“It can be used as an ingredient in all kinds of foods，
from meat alternatives to grains and snacks.”可知，Solein可以用作各种食物的原料，即可以
用于食物生产。故选D。
6．What advantage does Solein have in producing a kilo of protein?
A．It uses 600 times less land than beef.
B．It produces 200 times less CO than beef.
2
C．It uses 200 times less water than plant crops.
D．It produces 100 times less CO than plant crops.
2
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“Compared with beef，a kilogram of protein can be
produced...while producing 200 times less CO ，says the company.”可知，Solein每生产一公斤
2
蛋白质产生的二氧化碳比制造牛肉少200倍。故选B。
7．What is Dorian Leger’s attitude towards the future of Solein?
A．Positive. B．Doubtful.
C．Ambiguous. D．Tolerant.
答案 A
解析 观点态度题。根据最后一段可知，Dorian Leger认为随着Solar Foods等公司不断扩大
其体系，人类将进入一个新的农业时代，由此可知，Dorian Leger对Solein的未来持积极态
度。故选A。
8．Which can be the best title for the text?
A．CO Can Be Recycled to Stimulate Local Economy
2
B．New Food Strategy Reduces Big Questions on Health
C．A Factory Will Start Making Green Food from Air and Electricity
D．Campaigners Recommend Ways to Reduce Climate Impact of Farming
答案 C
解析 标题归纳题。通读全文尤其是第三段可知，本文主要介绍一家公司正在建造一家商业
规模的工厂，将用电分解水来产生氢气，使其和二氧化碳等发生反应，产生“绿色”蛋白质，
从而减少农业对环境的损害。所以C项符合文章主旨，适合作为标题。故选C。
Ⅱ.七选五
Vegan Agriculture
Vegan farming(全素农业) has become more and more popular.It is one of the mostenvironment-friendly forms of agriculture.Vegan farming is a good way to grow plants such as
vegetables without using animal-derived materials such as their waste. 1 Such an approach to
farming also helps preserve the environment and regain soil richness and improve its biodiversity.
2 Organic farming uses natural products to grow plants—that can include even animal
waste as fertilizers.On the other hand，vegan agriculture rejects animal-derived products and
usually sticks with plant-based organic compounds，which means that，in general，vegan
agriculture has stricter rules than organic farming.
Additionally，vegan farming usually chooses more natural ways to protect the plants，like
breaking cycles of plants’ diseases with mixed cropping(混作)，using mechanical barriers such
as nets，or even attracting opposing organisms to fight the harmful ones. 3 However，they
might be less effective against certain plant diseases or pests.
One of the reasons to invest in vegan agriculture is that the vegan way of farming replaces
synthetic(合成的) pesticides and uses organic pesticides or other non-chemical methods to protect
the crops.By contrast，in conventional agriculture，synthetic pesticides are on a very high level. 4
In the future ， it is of great significance not to rely on animals’ waste for feeding
plants.Doing so is not only beneficial to vegans. 5 Even if today’s methods of vegan
agriculture might not be perfect，scientists worldwide，together with vegan farmers，are working
towards developing plant-based solutions as alternatives to animal-derived fertilizers.
A．Also，vegan farmers are far from applying synthetic fertilizers.
B．Accordingly，the amount of it in food products is much higher.
C．In today’s world，the vegan diet and lifestyle are increasingly popular.
D．It is apparent that vegan agriculture is not the same as an organic one.
E．But it’s also good for the whole world，including other animals and plants.
F．Those ways affect the environment less than the ways of traditional farming.
G．The rise of veganism creates new demand for more vegan-friendly agriculture.
1．答案 A
解析 设空处前一句提到全素农业不需要用到动物粪便，A项承接上文，提到全素农业也不
需要用到合成肥料，符合题意。故选A。
2．答案 D
解析 根据设空处后文可知，本段在说全素农业与有机农业的区别，D项“很明显，全素农
业和有机农业是不一样的”引起下文，符合题意。故选D。
3．答案 F
解析 设空处前一句介绍全素农业通常选择更自然的方式来保护植物，后一句介绍这些方法
的弊端，且与空处为转折关系。由此可推知空处应是这些方法的优势。结合选项，F项符合
语境。故选F。4．答案 B
解析 设空处前一句介绍传统农业中合成杀虫剂的用量较大，B项“相应地，它(杀虫剂)在
食品中的含量要高得多”与前一句构成顺承关系。故选B。
5．答案 E
解析 前文提到在农业中不用动物粪便不只对素食主义者有好处，E项介绍对于其他一些对
象也是有益的，且E项中But.also与前文中not only呼应。故选E。
Ⅲ.完形填空
Jennifer Webb-McRae always knew what she wanted to be when she grew up.
She really never wanted to be anything else but a 1 when she grew up and that was
because her family kind of put that idea in her head.They used to say she 2 every point，so
she should grow up and be a lawyer.
Webb-McRae was raised in New Jersey and 3 her law degree there.Early on，Webb-
McRae was interested in family law，so she clerked for a judge 4 in that field.Later，she got
a chance to work with the juvenile(未成年) justice system.During that time，she found she had a
5 for criminal law and decided to work for that.
Now，she feels fortunate to get a job representing juvenile defendants.Her responsibilities are
complex and she says she has a role to 6 in this system.She works to help people make good
choices， 7 when they are young.She recognizes the power of peer pressure that children
face.She 8 the strong “no-snitching(禁止告密)” culture among young people that can
block needed intervention.
To 9 this disturbing and worrying situation，Webb-McRae 10 an Annual Back to
School Initiative.After just six years in 11 ，the program now involves 40 schools.Earlier this
year，Webb-McRae also started a community engagement series.She thinks everyone has a right to
12 the justice system is fair and just.
“Our justice system certainly is not 13 ，but I’m passionate about doing my little part
to make it better.I believe in 14 and moving the ball forward.” Webb-McRae hopes her
example will 15 girls in New Jersey to pursue their dreams.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Jennifer Webb-McRae在新泽西州长大，并在
那里获得了法律学位，毕业后她发现自己对刑法很感兴趣，并决定为此工作。
1．A.worker B．doctor
C．lawyer D．teacher
答案 C
解析 根据下文“so she should grow up and be a lawyer”可知，受家人的影响，她只想当律
师。故选C。2．A.argued B．confirmed
C．appreciated D．supported
答案 A
解析 根据后文“so she should grow up and be a lawyer”和常识可知，律师会经常进行辩论，
因此家人认为她长大应该会当律师是因为她常常争论每一个观点，故选A。
3．A.designed B．received
C．required D．expected
答案 B
解析 根据后文“she clerked for a judge in that field”可推知她获得了法律学位。
故选B。
4．A.caught B．blessed
C．involved D．trapped
答案 C
解析 根据后文“in that field”可知，此处指一位涉及该领域的法官，be involved in表示
“参与，涉及”。故选C。
5．A.motive B．passion
C．demand D．tolerance
答案 B
解析 根据后文“for criminal law and decided to work for that”可知，她发现自己对刑法很感
兴趣，并决定为此工作，与前文“Early on，Webb-McRae was interested in family law”形成
呼应。故选B。
6．A.choose B．direct
C．perform D．play
答案 D
解析 根据后文“She works to help people make good choices”可知，她在这个体系中可以
发挥作用。play a role in表示“在……中发挥作用”。故选D。
7．A.truly B．obviously
C．especially D．certainly
答案 C
解析 根据上文“She works to help people make good choices”和后文“She recognizes the
power of peer pressure that children face.”可知，她致力于帮助人们做出正确的选择，尤其是
年轻人。故选C。
8．A.acquires B．notes
C．predicts D．follows
答案 B解析 根据前文“She recognizes the power of peer pressure that children face.”可知，本空应
与前文中的“recognizes”并列，解释Webb-McRae对年轻人的帮助，即“她认识到孩子们
面临的同伴压力，指出了年轻人中强烈的‘不告密’文化可能会阻碍必要的干预”。故选
B。
9．A.track B．battle
C．seek D．question
答案 B
解析 根据后文“this disturbing and worrying situation”以及她发起倡议可知，她是为了应
对这种令人不安和担忧的情况，battle“阻止，与……斗争”最符合语境，故选B。
10．A.instructed B．assumed
C．programed D．launched
答案 D
解析 根据后文“an Annual Back to School Initiative”和“Webb-McRae also started”可推知，
年度返校倡议是她发起的。故选D。
11．A.existence B．trouble
C．treatment D．expectation
答案 A
解析 根据后文“the program now involves 40 schools”可知，这个倡议存在了6年，现已涉
及40所学校。故选A。
12．A.figure out B．point out
C．make sure D．let out
答案 C
解析 根据上文“Earlier this year，Webb-McRae also started a community engagement
series.”以及后文“the justice system is fair and just”可知，Webb-McRae启动了一个社区参
与系列活动，是因为她认为每个人都有权利确认司法系统是公平公正的。故选C。
13．A.complete B．persuasive
C．perfect D．reliable
答案 C
解析 根据后文“make it better”可知，司法系统并不完美，故选C。
14．A.logic B．action
C．wisdom D．wonder
答案 B
解析 根据上文“but I’m passionate about doing my little part to make it better”可知，Webb-
McRae相信行动。故选B。
15．A.challenge B．inspireC．permit D．remind
答案 B
解析 根据后文“girls in New Jersey to pursue their dreams”可知，她希望她的榜样能激励新
泽西的女孩们去追求自己的梦想。故选B。
Ⅳ.语法填空
A robot has been taught to laugh at jokes to make it more human.Researchers are using AI to
train robots about appropriate laughter，and 1. (distinguish) between chuckles and
screams.
They described 2. (work)with a robot called Erica in the hope of making a
conversation more natural.“We think that one of the most important 3. (function) of
conversational AI is sympathy，” said Dr Koji Inoue，a professor.“A conversation is，of
course，multimodal，not just responding correctly.So we decided that one way a robot can
empathize(共情) with users is to share their laughter,4. you cannot do with a text-based
chatbot.”
Creating a “5. (share) laughter” model，the researchers used AI to help
detect laughter and decide whether to laugh and what kind of laughter would be
6.___________(good)．Four short dialogues between real people and Erica 7. (use)
to test the system，which performed well.
However，the experts said there is more work to do to create 8. (true) natural
laughter situations.
Dr Inoue said，“The robot should actually have 9. distinct character，and it
can show this character through its conversational behaviors，such as laughing，eye gaze，
gestures and speaking styles.It may well take more than 10 to 20 years before we can finally have a
casual chat 10. a robot like we would with a friend.”
语篇解读 本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍研究人员正在使用人工智能来训练机器人发出
适当的笑声。
1．答案 to distinguish
解析 考查非谓语动词。train sth to do sth“训练某物做某事”。此处指训练机器人区分轻声
笑和尖叫，不定式结构在此作宾语补足语。故填to distinguish。
2．答案 working
解析 考查非谓语动词。describe doing sth“描述做某事”。故填working。
3．答案 functions
解析 考查名词的数。one of ＋名词复数“……之一”。故填functions。
4．答案 which
解析 考查定语从句。指代前面的一句话，用关系代词 which引导非限制性定语从句。故填which。
5．答案 shared
解析 考查形容词。名词laughter与share之间为被动关系，所以前用-ed形式形容词修饰。
故填shared。
6．答案 better
解析 考查形容词的比较级。结合句意可知，此处表示“什么样的笑会更好”，所以用形容
词比较级形式。故填better。
7．答案 were used
解析 考查时态、语态和主谓一致。根据句中时态可知，用一般过去时。主语Four short
dialogues为复数，与use之间为被动关系，所以用被动语态。故填were used。
8．答案 truly
解析 考查副词。形容词natural前用副词作状语。故填truly。
9．答案 a
解析 考查冠词。名词character为可数名词，此处表泛指，且形容词distinct发音以辅音音
素开头，所以用不定冠词a。故填a。
10．答案 with
解析 考查介词。a chat with“和……的聊天”。故填with。
Ⅴ.读后续写微写作
My middle child，Jake，was smart and good-looking，but he always sees the cup of life as
half empty.Every day when he came home from school，Jake would list everything bad that
happened that day!
On his ninth birthday，we saved enough money to take the family to Disneyland for two
days.His dad and I didn’t make much then，so it cost a considerable amount，but we felt
Jake’s birthday was worth it.After doing Disneyland to death(玩够了)，we returned to our hotel
room，all exhausted.And I asked the birthday boy，“Did you have fun today，Jake？”
All my fault-finding son could say to me was “Pirates(海盗) of the Caribbean was
closed！” “Jake Marshall，” I was clearly unable to contain my anger，“we stood in line
for an hour and a half to see The Haunted Mansion.We rode Space Mountain three times.We spent
two days playing in the park，and all you can say is，Pirates of the Caribbean was closed？”
Clearly，something had to be done about his negative attitude and I was going to be the one to do
it!
I was determined to help him.I read every article and bought every book.With the help of great
resources，I found my son had the tendency to see the worst in every situation.My research told
me that people with negativity have an emotional need for order and sensitivity.That meant I
needed to listen to my son’s daily pessimistic reports.My usual reaction was to try to talk Jake out
of his negativity，but that wouldn’t satisfy his need for sensitivity，so I had to let him finish hiscomplaints and ask what good things happened.Then I needed to wait until he could tell me.This
would help Jake realize that good things really were happening to him.
范文补全
One day Jake came home from school and complained as usual.1.He listed the terrible
things at school(他列举了在学校的糟糕的事)．I listened carefully，looking at him and nodding
now and then.After his complaint，I asked what good things happened to him.“Nothing.” 2.His
response was what I could expect(他的反应是我能预料到的)．“Something good must have
happened.Think it over，my boy，” I encouraged with a gentle smile.After about fifteen
minutes’ effort，he admitted being praised by his head teacher for helping cleaning the front
desk.Through this practice,3.he realized something good really happened to him(他意识到好的事
情真的发生在了他身上)．
From then on，Jake came to understand the power of seeing good points.He would not
just consider everything awful,4. but was willing to discover something awesome (而是愿意发
现极好的事情)．And to my great joy，he kept patient and peaceful during his sharing.5. He even
danced in excitement at wonderful things (他甚至会因为好的事情而兴奋地跳舞)．I witnessed
his attitude changing from negativity to positivity.The path to getting there seemed to be a
struggle，but he was making headway.6. My hard work was paying off (我的努力正在获得回
报) and I believed Jake would get used to seeing the cup of life as half full.
