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必修第一册 Unit 3 Getting along with others(2)
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2024·安徽合肥六校联考)
Network-based technologies have become increasingly widespread，and they are now being
used by countless individuals ， professionals ， and businesses worldwide.Despite their
advantages，most network-based systems are highly at risk of malicious(恶意的) attacks.
The consequences of a malicious attack on network-based systems can be extremely
harmful.For instance，an attack on a power plant network could leave millions of individuals and
offices without electricity，while attacks on social media networks can lead to exposure of user
information.
To overcome the weaknesses of network-based systems，computer scientists worldwide have
been trying to develop advanced intrusion detection systems (IDSs) (入侵检测系统) that could
help to identify malicious attacks，increasing a network’s safety.In recent years，machine
learning (ML) algorithms(机器学习算法) have been found to be particularly promising for
automatically detecting attacks and intrusions on a network’s functioning.
An important step in the development and training of ML-based IDSs is the selection of data
features that a model can rely or focus on when making predictions.Ideally，by analyzing large
datasets，researchers should be able to identify the most suitable features for solving a given task
using ML tools，and this can also be applied to intrusion detection.
Researchers at Canadian University Dubai in the UAE have recently developed a new feature
selection method that could enable the development of more effective ML-based IDSs.This method
was found to perform remarkably well when compared with other commonly employed feature
selection techniques.Using the features they identified as most important for intrusion detection，
the researchers created a highly efficient ML-based detection system.This system was found to be
capable of distinguishing between DDoS attacks and harmless network signals with 99% accuracy.
In the future，the feature selection method developed by the researchers and their findings
could help the development of new，highly effective IDSs.In addition，the system they created
using the features they identified could be applied in real-world settings to detect malicious attacks
on real networks.
1．What does paragraph 1 focus on about network-based technologies?
A．Their targeted users. B．Their popularity.
C．Their potential risk. D．Their advantages.
2．How can IDSs increase the safety of networks?A．By tracking malicious attacks. B．By starting anti-virus programs.
C．By sorting out user information. D．By recognizing malicious attacks.
3．What is the key to the development of ML-based IDSs?
A．Solving given tasks. B．Selecting reliable data features.
C．Making accurate predictions. D．Analyzing large enough datasets.
4．What’s the purpose of the text?
A．To introduce a new technique for IDSs.
B．To promote network-based technologies.
C．To raise people’s awareness of network safety.
D．To discuss ways to deal with malicious attacks.
B
Amazon’s Alexa will be able to revive the voices of deceased relatives，allowing users to
feel as if they are speaking to lost ones beyond the grave.
In a video shown on stage，Amazon demonstrated how，instead of Alexa’s signature voice
reading a story to a young boy，it was his grandmother’s voice.
Rohit Prasad，an Amazon senior vice president，said the updated system will be able to
collect enough voice data from less than a minute of audio to make personalization like this
possible，rather than having someone spend hours in a recording studio like how it’s done in the
past.
The concept starts from Amazon looking at new ways to add more “human features” to
artificial intelligence.
Amazon has long used AI recreations of people’s voices to voice Alexa.But they have also
increasingly improved over the past few years，particularly with the use of AI and deepfake
technology.
However，Amazon’s attempt at personalized Alexa voices may struggle most with the
weird valley effect—recreating a voice that is so similar to a loved one’s but isn’t quite right，
which leads to rejection by real humans.“For some，they will view this as creepy or outright
terrible，but for others it could be viewed in a more profound way，perhaps for the first time and
in a way that isn’t a strict recording from the past，” said Michael Inouye of ABI Research.He
believes，however，the varying reactions to announcements like this speak to how society will
have to adjust to the promise of innovations and their eventual reality in the years ahead.
The technology is also likely to lead to fears that it could be used to impersonate living
people，which could be used to bypass security systems.In 2019，a manager at a British energy
company lost almost ￡200,000 after criminals used AI to fake his boss’s voice，directing him
to transfer the company’s funds to a foreign bank account.
5．What is the feature of the updated system of Amazon’s Alexa?
A．It will use AI recreations of people’s voices.B．It will be highly efficient in collecting voice data.
C．It will free the grandmother from reading a story.
D．It will make a breakthrough in deepfake technology.
6．Why does Amazon update Alexa’s voice?
A．To make it more human-like.
B．To cure people’s pain of loss.
C．To remind people of lost good memories.
D．To demonstrate Amazon’s powerful technology.
7．What does the underlined word “impersonate” in the last paragraph mean?
A．Interact with. B．Prove to be.
C．Have a command of. D．Pretend to be.
8．What’s the author’s attitude towards Alexa’s personalized voices?
A．Critical. B．Objective. C．Supportive. D．Skeptical.
Ⅱ.七选五
Navigation(导航) skills seem to come naturally to some—but others aren’t so lucky.If you
are lacking in a sense of direction，especially sick of taking wrong turns，here’s how to start
finding your way.
To begin with，I have to be frank that I have an interest in researching this topic because my
own sense of direction is absolutely rubbish.__1__ I can find my way there easily enough because
there are signs pointing me in the right direction.But getting back to my dining table is another
story.After all，there are no helpful signs saying，“This is where you were sitting less than five
minutes ago，Jane.”
However，good news is that according to scientists the hippocampus(海马体)—the part of
the brain associated with navigation—expands to accommodate the mental maps of those who are
puzzled with directions.__2__ They just need to work at it.
Firstly，it’s a good idea to put the GPS away.In a University of Nottingham study，drivers
who had followed step-by-step GPS instructions found it harder to work out where they’d
been.__3__
__4__ Not least it is because the amount of mental energy it requires means it’s more likely
to stick in your mind.Looking at online maps on a big screen—or even studying a paper map—also
allows you to get a sense of that all-important bigger picture and how everywhere fits together.
Finally，try to relax when you’re on unfamiliar ground.__5__ But this sudden burst of
anxiety will only increase your pressure and prevent you from calmly working out which way to
go.
A．I always get lost when I am out.
B．Yes，they can improve the sense of direction.
C．Take popping to the toilet in a restaurant for example.D．They even failed to notice they’d been past the same place.
E．However，they can finally manage the direction completely.
F．It’s all too easy to get panicked by the suspicion of getting lost.
G．Studying a larger map and memorizing the route in advance can be helpful.
Ⅲ.完形填空
Each new generation learns from its elders.I’ll never forget one moment in my childhood.
When I was eight years old，I __1__ a diamond pin(胸针) from a girl in my dance class.My
father，spotting the shiny one he had not __2__，found me out.He sat me down on the floor of our
study and __3__why what I had done was wrong.He worried that if I became a thief，I would
come to a bad end.How stealing cut the delicate bonds of __4__ that connected me with those
around me.More than three decades on，the lesson has __5__：I don’t feel tempted(诱惑) to cut
in line or steal hotel towels.__6__ leaving a store wearing the tagged sunglasses I’d tried on gave
me the __7__ for months.
Though my childhood memories are __8__，such moments stand out，when my parents
passed on values they hoped I’d __9__.They supplied a standard of __10__：to take someone
else’s perspective，to __11__ my momentary greed for the greater good.Such important __12__
are the raw material each generation uses to form the next.Yet the range of factors shaping each
generation is much __13__ than it once was.Elder generations still __14__ younger ones in deep
ways，and that moulding(塑造) begins，within the __15__，as it always has.
1．A.received B．borrowed C．stole D．bought
2．A.paid for B．dealt with C．gave out D．heard of
3．A.warned B．replied C．complained D．explained
4．A.strength B．trust C．friendship D．love
5．A.stuck B．begun C．disappeared D．forgotten
6．A.Unnaturally B．Quietly C．Unintentionally D．Secretly
7．A.delight B．disappointment C．satisfaction D．panic
8．A.long B．important C．foggy D．clear
9．A.present B．accept C．discover D．avoid
10．A.assessment B．care C．measurement D．virtue
11．A.control B．increase C．remember D．meet
12．A.plans B．moments C．traditions D．beliefs
13．A.smaller B．fuller C．shorter D．broader
14．A.influence B．help C．support D．select
15．A.environment B．society C．family D．school
Ⅳ.语法填空
Shanghai Library East Branch Begins Test Run
The Shanghai Library’s East Branch began 1.____________(it) test operation on August16.As one of the smartest libraries in Shanghai，the new branch has the largest individual library
building in China，2.____________ size is 115,000 square meters.There are nearly 6,000 seats
inside and it is expected 3.____________(receive) 4 million visitors a year.It offers some 400,000
books as well as more than 600 kinds of magazines 4.____________ Chinese and foreign
languages.
With 12 mobile robot “librarians” and various intelligent systems ， it is much
5.____________(easy) for readers to find the book they need，and borrow or return books while
6.____________(experience) the latest technologies.The special robot “librarians” can also
guide visitors to different areas ，answer their questions ，search for or recommend books
7.____________ provide broadcasting service.After the books 8.____________(return)，a 24-hour
smart sorting line will allow them to be back on the 9.____________(shelf) quickly.
The construction of the new library started in September 2017 and was completed in 2022.The
new library will become a cultural center that provides diverse reading-related services and
experiences.The original library on Huaihai Road will focus on serving the academic needs of
professional readers and research institutions after the new one opens 10.____________(official)．
Ⅴ.读后续写微写作
Whenever asked why I chose to become a doctor，I would always explain by telling the story
of my adolescence(青春期)．
As a fresh graduate of high school，I found it difficult to choose a career path before
college.In those days in Pakistan，there were limited choices：becoming an engineer，a doctor or
a financial worker.I wasn’t interested in engineering，so that I was left with medicine or
business.I couldn’t decide.
My uncle suggested that I do a work placement(实习) to experience business for a month in an
international company，and then medicine for another month in a hospital.After that，I could
make a decision.It seemed like a good idea.
I began a month’s placement at a foreign bank.I got to know the rules of financial world，
made new friends，and generally enjoyed the mostly easy-going work surroundings.
The month passed rapidly，and soon I began working at a leading hospital.The experience
couldn’t have been more different.The hospital had a stressful environment.The days started early
at 7 a．m.，compared to 9 a．m.at the bank，and were filled with endless duties and the night
calls! This was crazy，working all day，through the night，and again the next day.
I began thinking about my two experiences.The bank had offered a more relaxing
environment，better working hours and less stress; while the hospital was full of excitement and
difficult studying and training.It seemed that the business choice was going to win out.
Near the end of my month at the hospital，I was driving home after an especially busy night
call.In front of me was a public bus，with college students sitting on the top.As the driver weaved
through (穿梭) traffic，I could see the boys shaking from side to side.范文补全
Suddenly ， a boy fell off the back of the
bus.1._____________________________________(他撞到马路上，脸朝下，滚了过去)．He
lay still in the middle of the road as the bus sped away.None of the cars behind
stopped.2.____________________________________(想到他随时可能会死)，I stopped my
car，rushed to him，and carefully examined his breath.With the help of some passers-by，I lifted
the unconscious boy into the car and raced back to the hospital.After his family was contacted，
and he was wheeled into emergency surgery,3.___________________________(我开车回家了，
虽疲惫但很高兴)．
The next day，when I went to the hospital to see the boy，all his family got up，
with grateful smiles on their faces.4.________________________________________(他们兴
奋 地 握 着 我 的 手 ， 喉 咙 哽 咽 着 ) ． Feeling their sincere
gratitude,5.________________________________(我内心充满了骄傲)．How incredible it was
to help save the life of another person! I spent the rest of the day in a state of the most fabulous
mood I had ever experienced.6.__________________________________________(那天晚上我开
车回家的时候，我决定了我的职业道路)，the one full of challenges and stress but also with
more senses of satisfaction and pride.
