文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．tube n．管子
2．plus adj.(用于数字后面表示)多，余
3．hurricane n．飓风
4．landslide n．山崩，滑坡
5．tsunami n．海啸
6．typhoon n．台风
7．satellite n．人造卫星
8．lap n．(坐着时的)大腿部
9．mosquito n．蚊子
10．county n．(英国的)郡；(美国等国家的)县
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．disaster n．灾难，灾祸
2．forecast v．预测，预报
3．grab v．攫取，抓住
4．rescue v．营救，解救
5．claim v．(战争、事故等)夺去(生命)
6．crisis n．危机
7．billion num.十亿
8．nowhere adv.什么地方都不，无处
9．otherwise adv.否则，要不然
10．helicopter n．直升机
11．midnight n．子夜，午夜
12．property n．所有物，资产，财产
13．shelter n．庇护，掩蔽
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．erupt v．(火山)爆发，喷发→eruption n．爆发，喷发
2．immediately adv.即刻，马上→immediate adj.立刻的
3．occur v．发生→occurrence n．发生
4．announcement n．通告，公告→announce v．宣告→announcer n．广播员；解说员
5．reliable adj.可信赖的，可靠的→rely v．依靠
6．emergency n．突发事件；紧急情况，不测事件→emergent adj.紧急的；新兴的→emerge
vi.浮现；出现
7．exceptionally adv.极其，非常→exceptional adj.杰出的；特别的→except prep.除……外
→exception n．例外
8．threaten v．威胁到，危及→threat n．威胁；可能会带来威胁的人(事)
9．precisely adv.精确地，准确地→precise adj.精确的，准确的
10．sufficient adj.足够的，充足的→sufficiently adv.足够地，充足地
1．venture /'ventʃə(r)/ vi.冒风险(去某处) vt.小心地说；谨慎地做；冒着……的危险 n．(尤
指有风险的)企业或商业；投机活动
2．sway /sweI/ vi.& vt.(使)摇摆；(使)摇动 n．摇摆；摆动
3．spray /spreI/ vt.& vi.向……扫射(或抛洒)；喷洒 n．浪花；水花；飞沫
4．glance off击中(某物)后改变方向
5．crawl /krɔːl/ vi.爬行；匍匐行进；缓慢行进
6．toss /tɒs/ vt.(轻轻或漫不经心地)扔；抛；掷
7．flame /fleIm/ n．火焰；火舌 vi.燃烧
8．vacant /'veIkənt/ adj.空着的；未被占用的
9．in flight在逃走的过程中
10．yell /jel/ vi.& vt.叫喊；大喊 n．喊叫；叫嚷
yell out高声喊叫
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．have yet to还没有
2．go down the stairs 下楼
3．compared to...和……比起来，与……相比
4．make it to...到达……
5．think about考虑
6．look through浏览
7．what’s more而且
8．move to space 移到太空9．fly off飞走
10．all of a sudden突然；猛地
11．in the open air在户外
12．keep on 重复；继续
13．move on前进
14．blow away吹走
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．Looking through my newspaper，I’m shocked by photos showing that a hurricane in Asia
has destroyed a town.(v.-ing作状语)
翻阅着手里的报纸，我震惊地看到亚洲的一场飓风已经摧毁了一个城镇的照片。
2．Now that it’s hard to avoid a disaster on Earth，perhaps I should start thinking about
moving to space...(now that 引导原因状语从句)
既然很难避免地球上的灾难，或许我应该开始考虑搬到太空去……
3．But Mom said that whatever happens，we should always try to see the good side of things.
(whatever 引导让步状语从句)
但是妈妈说，无论发生什么，我们都应该总是尽力看到事情好的一面。
4．Although we are surrounded by reminders of the disaster，we are working together to
rebuild our homes and our lives.(although引导让步状语从句)
虽然我们周围的一切都提醒着我们这里曾发生的灾难，但大家都在为重建家园和生活而一同
努力着。
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共5分)
1．tube n．管子
2．hurricane n．飓风
3．typhoon n．台风
4．lap n． ( 坐着时的 ) 大腿部
5．satellite n．人造卫星
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共20分)
1．forecast v．预测，预报
2．grab v．攫取，抓住
3．rescue v．营救，解救
4．claim v．(战争、事故等)夺去(生命)
5．crisis n．危机
6．billion num.十亿7．otherwise adv.否则，要不然
8．disaster n．灾难，灾祸
9．property n．所有物，资产，财产
10．shelter n．庇护，掩蔽
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共10分)
1．erupt v．(火山)爆发，喷发→eruption n．爆发，喷发
2．occur v．发生→occurrence n．发生
3．emergency n．紧急情况，不测事件；突发事件→emergent adj.紧急的；新兴的
4．precisely adv.精确地，准确地→precise adj.精确的，准确的
5．exceptionally adv.极其，非常→exceptional adj.杰出的；特别的→except prep.除……外
→exception n．例外
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．venture vi. 冒风险 ( 去某处 ) vt. 小心地说；谨慎地做；冒着 …… 的危险 n． ( 尤指有风险的 )
企业或商业；投机活动
2．sway vi.& vt. ( 使 ) 摇摆； ( 使 ) 摇动 n．摇摆；摆动
3．spray vt.& vi. 向 …… 扫射 ( 或抛洒 ) ；喷洒 n．浪花；水花；飞沫
4．crawl vi.爬行；匍匐行进；缓慢行进
5．yell vi.& vt.叫喊；大喊 n．喊叫；叫嚷
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共14分)
1．think about 考虑
2．fly off 飞走
3．blow away 吹走
4．keep on 重复；继续
5．move on 前进
6．have yet to 还没有
7．move to space 移到太空
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题3分，共15分)
1．You can rely on Tom to rescue you，because he is a reliable person.(rely)
2．Some wild animals are endangered and their habitats have been threatened，too.Only when we
learn to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to them.(threat)
3．The announcer announced the result，but the announcement made me shocked.(announce)
4．Though a few brief comments are sufficient for present purposes，my experience is not
sufficiently varied to do so.(sufficient)
5．The government took immediate action to rescue the injured and the newspaper sent somereporters to cover the disaster immediately it happened.(immediate)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2.5分，共15分)
1．I’d like to look through these bills and check them before I pay them.
2．Compared to what he did to our community，I was ashamed of what I did.
3．I’m sorry to tell you that I can’t make it to the cinema because of an unexpected guest.
4．They were on the point of putting up the tent in the open air when a loud whistle frightened
them.
5．He struggled to run towards the finishing line，and all of a sudden，he fell flat on his face.
6．Once addicted to online games，you should seek experts’ help. What ’ s more ，you should
have a strong determination to give it up.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题4分，共16分)
1．既然你已经长大了，就不应该过分依赖你的父母。
Now that you have grown up，you should not depend too much on your parents.
2．(读后续写之尴尬情绪描写)我很尴尬，笨拙地站在那里，感觉血液涌向我的脸。(现在分
词作状语)
So embarrassed was I that I stood there clumsily，feeling the blood rushing to my face.
3．(读后续写之主旨升华)无论我们面临什么样的挑战，我们都会坚持我们的梦想，永不气
馁放弃。(whatever引导让步状语从句)
Whatever challenges we are faced with，we will stick to our dream and never lose heart or give up.
4．(读后续写之升华句)尽管这个礼物不值钱，但我非常珍惜它。在我看来，真正重要的是
其中所包含的爱。(although引导让步状语从句)
Although the present isn ’ t worth much ，I value it very much.In my view，it’s the love
contained in it that really counts.
The hurricane was exceptionally strong yesterday,1.causing(cause) significant damage to
people’s property.Based on the announcement，a number of lives 2.were claimed(claim) by
the disaster.People 3.who/that survived the disaster had nowhere to go.Plus，drinking water
was hard 4.to get(get) and there was no sufficient food.Their emotions erupted like 5.a volcano
and a sense of 6.helplessness(helpless) grabbed them.7.Luckily(luck)，the reliable government
immediately took action and sent helicopters to rescue the 8.trapped(trap) people.Otherwise
they would have starved to death.At midnight，mosquitos circled the shelter and 9.bit(bite)
people’s laps precisely.People’s lives and property are still under threat，because no one
knows 10.whether the hurricane will occur again or not.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
announcement n．通知；宣布，宣告 (announce vt.宣布，宣告；通知；声称；预示)
·make an announcement发布通知；宣布
·announce sth to sb(＝announce to sb sth)向某人宣布某事
It is announced that...据称……；据宣布……
(1)The airline announced to the media that the flight to Tianjin was canceled because of the
blizzard.
(2)(2022·浙江6月，应用文写作)据宣布，新建成的自习室已经对师生开放，所以我写信邀
请你一起去体验一下。
It is announced that the newly-built self-study room has been open to teachers and students，so I
am writing to invite you to experience it together.
(3)(应用文写作之通知)请注意，我有一件事情要宣布。英文短片“Growing Together”将于
今晚7点半在学校大厅上映。
Attention，please.I have an announcement to make.An English short film，called Growing
Together，will be shown in the school hall at 7：30 p．m.today.
rescue v．& n．营救；拯救；救援 (rescuer n．营救人员)
·rescue...from...从……中营救……
·go/come to one’s rescue去/来救某人
(1)Rescued(rescue) from the burning building when the disaster occurred，the teenager was
moved to tears.
(2)(读后续写之动作链描写)一名救援人员推开车门，冲下车，去救一个受伤的男孩。
A rescuer pushed the door open ， dashed off the car and went to an injured boy ’ s rescue .
threaten v．威胁到，危及；恐吓 (threat n．威胁 threatening adj.有威胁性的，危险
的)
·threaten to do sth威胁要做某事
threaten sb with sth用某物威胁某人
·under threat受到威胁
(1)David threatened to report(report) his neighbour to the police if the damages were not paid.
(2)小偷边说威胁的话，边用刀子威胁我，把我吓得魂飞魄散。
With threatening words，the thief threatened me with a knife，which scared the hell out of me.
(3)(话题写作之环境保护)毫无疑问，由于人类的活动，野生动物正受到威胁。因此，只有学
会与自然和谐相处，我们才能停止对野生动物的威胁。
Undoubtedly，wildlife is under threat due to human beings’ activities.Thus，only by learning
to exist in harmony with nature can we stop being a threat to/threatening wildlife.make it to 到达，抵达；赶上
make it获得成功
make up编造，杜撰；组成，构成；化妆；补上；凑数；和好
make up for弥补；补偿
make out辨认；弄清，理解
be made up of由……组成(构成)
(1)用make短语的正确形式填空
①Kate heard a man’s voice in the background，but she couldn’t make out what he was
saying.
②Aware that nothing can make up for lost time，he makes full use of every minute until he
makes it.
③We need to hurry if we want to make it to the concert on time.
(2)(应用文写作之告知信)我写信通知你，我们即将进行的活动由三部分组成。
I am writing to inform you that our approaching activity is made up of three parts/three parts make
up our approaching activity.
keep on 重复；继续
keep doing sth 继续做某事，反复做某事
keep sb doing sth使某人一直做某事
keep sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事
keep in mind记住
keep away from 远离
(1)Keep away from the pool immediately，otherwise you will fall into the water.
(2)I am terribly sorry to keep you waiting(wait) for so long and I did have an emergency to handle
just now.
(3)(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我那可信赖的老师轻轻地拍了拍我的肩膀，说：“永远记住，
即使陷入困境，也要继续前进。没有什么能阻止一个有决心的人实现既定的目标。所以继续
修改你的文章来参加写作比赛。”
My reliable teacher tapped me on the shoulder gently，saying，“Always keep in mind that
even if trapped in difficulties，you should keep on going.Nothing can keep a determined person
from achieving a set goal.So keep rewriting your article for the writing contest.”
whatever引导让步状语从句 But Mom said that whatever happens，we should always
try to see the good side of things.但是妈妈说，无论发生什么，我们都应该总是尽力看到事情
好的一面。
·whatever，whoever，whichever，whomever既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导名词性从句。在引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter what/who/which/whom。
·whenever，wherever，however 引导让步状语从句时，相当于no matter when/where/how。
(1)Whoever is kind enough and reliable can join this rescue team.
(2)无论你什么时候遇到危机，我都真诚地希望你能毫不犹豫地与我联系。
Whenever/No matter when you get into a crisis，I sincerely hope that you can reach out to me
without hesitation.
(3)(话题写作之文化传播)无论多么忙，我都会每天匀出一些时间帮助来自美国的交换生学习
汉语，并且告诉他们更多的中国习俗和传统。
However/No matter how busy I am，I will alway spare some time every day to help the exchange
students from the USA learn Chinese and tell them more Chinese customs and traditions.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．claim
(1)(2022·全国甲，书面表达)It is claimed that the ocean is suffering serious pollution.It’s high
time that we should devote ourselves to protecting it. B
(2)The police said that if no one claimed the watch，you could keep it. E
(3)She claimed damages from the company for the injury she had suffered. C
(4)The hurricane claimed more than 20 residents’ lives. A
(5)In the English speech，the young man who claimed first prize jumped with a thrill of joy. D
2．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)In my first P．E.class，the teacher required us to run laps and then hit a softball.n.跑道的一
圈
(2)When we arrived，we attempted to find a seat，but all the good seats had been grabbed.v.抢
占
(3)Mobile phones are small and useful.Plus they are cheaper than before.conj.并且，而且
(4)As a botanist，he takes notes on the properties of any plant he encounters.n.性质，性能，特
征
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．All of a sudden，a man came forward，unaware of the embarrassment of the manager in
charge of the project.
2．The announcement(announce) of their marriage will appear in the local newspaper next week.
3．The news that more than 80 tourists were rescued from the landslide site yesterday has been
confirmed.4．The teacher was holding a broad umbrella，sheltering(shelter) the student from the rain.
5．My reliable(rely) friend made every attempt to help me whenever I was trapped in difficulties.
6．I hadn’t taken your advice，otherwise/or my efforts wouldn’t have ended in failure.
7．Now that the servant admitted his mistake，you could forgive him.
8．The attacker threatened the people with a gun，and everyone in the crowd was scared.
9.Thus，we are the products of evolution，and not just evolution that occurred(occur) billions of
years ago.
10．With a broad smile on his face，the captain said that the voyage was made up of three
parts.
2022·全国甲你校将以“六月八日世界海洋日”为主题，举办英语征文比赛。请你写一
篇短文投稿。
内容包括：
1.海洋的重要性；
2.保护海洋的倡议。
完成句子
1．6月8日的世界海洋日旨在呼吁人们拯救因海洋污染而濒临灭绝的濒危海洋生物。
(rescue)
2．不言而喻，海洋不仅为我们提供了充足的食物，而且还维持了大自然的平衡，因此，我
们应该尽我们所能来保护它。(whatever；not only...but also引导的倒装句)
3．越来越多的国家宣布他们将致力于海洋保护。(make an announcement；同位语从句)
4．作为个人，我们应该继续重视我们的日常行为。例如，垃圾不能扔进海洋。(keep doing)
5．只有共同努力，我们才能成功。(make it)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文Our Oceans，Our Responsibility
World Ocean Day，falling on June 8th，is aimed at calling on people to rescue endangered
marine lives from dying out due to ocean pollution.
It goes without saying that not only does the ocean offer us sufficient food but also it
maintains the balance of nature and thus，we should do whatever we can to protect it.Luckily，
more and more countries have made an announcement that they will be committed to ocean
conservation.What’s more，as individuals，we should keep placing importance on our daily
actions.For example，garbage can’t be thrown into the ocean.
Only with joint efforts can we make it.I hold the strong belief that if we take action right
away，we will have cleaner ocean environment in the near future.
教材语料整合
[环境描写] disaster；erupt；hurricane；landslide；tsunami；typhoon；
blizzard；avalanche；crisis；mosquito；midnight；county
亮词
[动作描写] forecast；grab；rescue；claim；threaten→threat；shelter
[人物描写] reliable
1.Looking through my newspaper，I’m shocked by photos showing that a hurricane
in Asia has destroyed a town.(情感描写)
2.Stepping out of the station with a heavy heart，I suddenly feel a fresh wind on my
face.(情感描写)
美句
3.I was so frightened that I just froze.Mum cried to get out quickly，but it was
already too late by then.(情感描写)
4.Now we have another chance to look up at the stars of New Orleans，their beauty
inspiring us and giving us confidence to move on.(结尾升华句)
拓展语料积累 动作细节描写：“头部”动作
drop/lower/bend/bow/hang one’s head 低头 put/hold/bury one’s head in one’s
hands 双手抱头 nod/shake one’s head 点/摇头 rest one’s head on/against...把头
词块
靠在……上面 scratch one’s head 挠头 raise one’s head 抬头 throw one’s
head back 把头往后仰
When he got home，he buried his head under the quilt，pretending to be asleep.
他回到家，把头埋在被子里，假装睡着了。
Her mother stopped her housework，raising her head with worry in her eyes.(现在分词
句型
短语作状语)
她母亲停下了家务活，抬起头，眼里流露出忧虑。
I rose to my feet，sat close to my mother，rested my head on her shoulder andcouldn’t help weeping.(动作链描写)我站起身来，坐在母亲身边，把头靠在她的肩
膀上，忍不住哭了起来。
I walked slowly to the bus，my head down，tears in my eyes.(独立主格)
我慢慢地向公共汽车走去，低着头，眼里含着泪水。
语料运用 地震
I，a nurse，was on day duty when suddenly a tray fell off the table.I scratched my head，
wondering what was happening.Then ①it occurred to me that it was an earthquake.Some patients
screamed in terror and headed for the exit.Although I was scared to death ，I grabbed my
loudspeaker，②telling them to bury their heads in their hands(现在分词短语作状语) and crouch
under the bed.Then under the bed I held a boy in my arms and he rested his head against me，
③tears in his eyes(独立主格)．Soon the earthquake stopped and the reliable rescuers came to our
rescue and ④shelter us from further injuries.Thank goodness！⑤ The threatening earthquake
didn ’ t claim any death and we sighed in relief.
我是一名日间值班的护士，突然一个托盘从桌子上掉了下来。我挠了挠头，不知道正发
生什么事。然后我想到这是一场地震。一些病人惊恐地尖叫着奔向出口。虽然我害怕得要死，
但我还是抓住了我的扩音器，告诉他们双手抱住头，蹲到床底下。然后我抱着一个男孩躲在
床底下，他把头靠在我身上，眼里含着泪水。不久，地震停止了，可靠的救援人员来救我们，
并保护我们免受进一步的伤害。谢天谢地！威胁性的地震没有造成任何人员死亡，我们松了
一口气。
高考题型组合练 18
提示：带★的文章和单元主题相关
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A(★)
Dressed in a shiny metallic suit，Katia Krafft’s small frame is overshadowed by the red
curtain of molten rock that bursts from the ground before her.The dramatic moment was captured in
a photo taken atop Iceland’s Krafla volcano in 1984，during the final breathing of a multi-year-
long eruption.Looking at the image，one can almost feel the volcano’s heat，hear its roar，and
sense Krafft’s heart pounding as the volcanologist does what she loves most：bearing witness toour planet’s strong anger.
Katia Krafft was a fearless pioneer in volcanology，studying the explosive peaks at a time
when there were few women in the field.She was born in the Rhine valley of northeast France in
1942，during the height of World War Ⅱ.The chaotic human world drove both Katia and her
husband，Maurice Krafft，also a volcanologist，to seek comfort in nature.The moment a volcano
exploded，they dropped everything to analyze and capture the beauty and mystery of each event.
The Kraffts used their videos of explosive eruptions to explain the complex risks and
uncertainties of these disasters.It changed the ability to communicate volcano science.Their videos
are credited as one of the primary reasons that officials in the Philippines took the warning signs of
Mount Pinatubo’s eruption in 1991 seriously.Yet the Kraffts didn’t live to see that eruption.The
couple died less than two weeks earlier in Japan during a monstrous eruption，which claimed 41
other lives.
Katia’s impact on volcanology has reached far beyond her death and has encouraged many
young women to study our restless planet.“Katia Krafft is definitely the reason why I’m doing
this job，” says Carla Tiraboschi，a postdoctoral researcher at the University of Minster，
Germany.Tiraboschi first saw Katia in a documentary when she was just six or seven years old and
has been crazy about volcanoes ever since.She now studies the processes at work deep below the
volcanic peaks.
语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章介绍了法国火山学家 Katia Krafft和丈夫一起一生追逐
危险的活火山，留下的图像与影像帮助传播火山科学，并激励更多的人从事火山研究。
1．What does the author want to tell us in paragraph 1?
A．The importance of volcanology.
B．The damage of a volcanic eruption.
C．The difficulty of filming volcanoes.
D．Katia Krafft’s passion for her work.
答案 D
解析 推理判断题。第一段通过一张照片描述火山学家 Katia Krafft在喷发的火山前工作的
情景，说明研究活火山是Katia最喜欢的事情；由此可推知，第一段是想告诉我们火山学家
Katia Krafft对于研究活火山这一工作非常热爱。故选D。
2．What can we know about the videos of explosive eruptions?
A．They prevented a natural disaster.
B．They served as a warning in Japan.
C．They helped spread volcano science.
D．They covered Mount Pinatubo’s eruption.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据第三段中的“The Kraffts used their videos of explosive eruptions toexplain the complex risks and uncertainties of these disasters.It changed the ability to communicate
volcano science.”可知，Krafft夫妇用拍摄的火山爆炸性喷发视频解释这些灾难的复杂风险
和不确定性，帮助传播火山科学知识。故选C。
3．How did Katia influence Carla Tiraboschi?
A．Katia’s death made her restless.
B．Katia helped her with her research.
C．Katia’s deeds inspired her career choice.
D．Katia taught her to make a documentary.
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。根据最后一段中的“Katia’s impact on volcanology has reached far
beyond her death and has encouraged many young women to study our restless planet.‘Katia
Krafft is definitely the reason why I’m doing this job，’ says Carla Tiraboschi”可知，Carla
Tiraboschi受Katia Krafft的事迹的鼓舞，选择从事火山研究。故选C。
4．Which of the following best describes Katia Krafft?
A．Creative and honest.
B．Brave and enthusiastic.
C．Ambitious and outgoing.
D．Determined and generous.
答案 B
解析 推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Katia Krafft was a fearless pioneer in volcanology，
studying the explosive peaks at a time when there were few women in the field.”及“The moment a
volcano exploded，they dropped everything to analyze and capture the beauty and mystery of each
event.”可知，Krafft是位无畏的火山学先驱，对于追逐、研究危险的活火山充满热情。故选
B。
B
Cars powered by batteries made from seawater and planes fueled by ammonia(氨) will
become common over the next 10 years，Bill David，a professor of materials chemistry has
predicted.
Most batteries for electric cars and smartphones are powered by lithium(锂)，which has to be
mined，but David thinks that they will be overtaken by batteries made from sodium(钠)，which
can be obtained from seawater and salt.The future of air travel could also be greener thanks to
biofuels.
David said，“We are developing an ammonia-based plane.In principle，we can improve on
an Airbus A320 or a Boeing 787 and essentially replace jet fuel with ammonia.”
David said that batteries could，at first，combine sodium and lithium，as sodium was not
quite as powerful as lithium but is much more sufficient.“It’s not quite perfect in terms ofperformance，so we need both，” David said.“Sodium is on the way up and most electric cars
have had a combination of lithium and sodium batteries in them.My estimate is that by 2040 I
would not be surprised if there were ten times more sodium batteries than lithium ones，maybe
even 100 times.”
The first generation of mass-produced sodium batteries has been used for an electric car for
the first time.Sodium will not be the final answer to eco-friendly air travel，however，which is
why David’s team is looking into the use of ammonia.Some companies are looking into whether
jet fuel can be replaced with hydrogen ， but David sees ammonia as more sustainable.He
said，“If you do the sums，then at 500mph you get the same amount of power as jet fuel，but
just 40 per cent of the range.However，even with the range hit，a 787 could still go from London
to New York.”
However，a report from the Royal Society on net-zero aviation，which David co-wrote，
says that replacing jet fuel with biofuel would require half of the agricultural land in the UK.
语篇解读 这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了英国材料化学教授比尔·戴维对未来的预测，他认
为未来10年内，使用从海水和盐中提取的钠制造的电池以及使用氨作为燃料的飞机将会普
及。
5．What is an advantage of sodium batteries?
A．Their performance is easy to improve.
B．Their raw material is easily accessible.
C．They are widely applied to various vehicles.
D．They are more powerful than other batteries.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第二段中“Most batteries for electric cars and smartphones are
powered by lithium(锂)，which has to be mined，but David thinks that they will be overtaken by
batteries made from sodium(钠)，which can be obtained from seawater and salt.”可知，钠电池
的优点在于原材料比锂更容易获得，故选B。
6．According to David，which is ideal for future electric cars?
A．Lithium battery. B．Sodium battery.
C．Hydrogen fuel. D．Ammonia fuel.
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。根据第四段中“My estimate is that by 2040 I would not be surprised if
there were ten times more sodium batteries than lithium ones，maybe even 100 times.”可知，未
来电动汽车中钠电池的应用会更广泛，故选B。
7．What is paragraph 5 mainly about?
A．Hydrogen casts a light on jet fuel market.
B．Electric car makers favor sodium batteries.C．Ammonia features sustainability and practicability.
D．Companies have mass-produced recycled batteries.
答案 C
解析 段落大意题。根据第五段中“Sodium will not be the final answer to eco-friendly air
travel，however，which is why David’s team is looking into the use of ammonia.Some
companies are looking into whether jet fuel can be replaced with hydrogen，but David sees
ammonia as more sustainable.”可知，本段主要在讲氨具有可持续性和实用性的特点。故选
C。
8．What’s David’s attitude to replacing jet fuel with biofuel?
A．Tolerant. B．Unclear.
C．Careful. D．Doubtful.
答案 C
解析 观点态度题。根据最后一段“However，a report from the Royal Society on net-zero
aviation，which David co-wrote，says that replacing jet fuel with biofuel would require half of the
agricultural land in the UK.”可知，他认为用生物燃料代替喷气燃料将需要英国一半的农业
用地，故可推知，他对这一做法的态度是谨慎的，故选C。
Ⅱ.完形填空
I finally retired.After 30 years’ 1 as director of a radio station，I would have more time
for housework，but I worried I’d lose the sense of 2 I had felt in my profession.
I pushed at the garage’s wooden doors，but they were 3 .I finally got the doors open and
started to empty the shelves.Then my hand hit something 4 .It was a common old metal can.I
5 the cover and found a 6 envelope with a postmark of May 13,1940 inside. 7 ，I
opened it and found some flower seeds in it，“Eighty years old！I wonder if they’ll still
grow.”
I 8 the seeds in a plastic pot.I checked it every day，but nothing happened.“I guess
they’re just too 9 to be any good，” I told my wife Peg in 10 .I picked up the pot to
get rid of it，but something made me 11 .I changed my mind and set it aside.Meanwhile，I
was keeping 12 ，improving my photography skills and teaching my granddaughters
gardening.
Six weeks later，I was out in the yard when I 13 to notice the pot.A new bit of green—a
leaf had 14 .I proudly showed it off to my granddaughters.“Look，girls，even something
this old can still 15 for its purpose and be pretty cool.Just like your grand-papa！”
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文，主题语境是“人与自我”。文章讲述了作者退休后在打扫仓库
时发现一包存放了80年的种子，没想到最后它们居然发芽了。人也应该像这些种子一样带
着使命感生活，即使退休不工作了。1．A.dream B．belief
C．study D．service
答案 D
解析 根据前文“I finally retired.”和后文“as director of a radio station”可知作者在电视台
作为台长工作了30年。故选D。
2．A.freedom B．purpose
C．trust D．security
答案 B
解析 根据最后一段中的“for its purpose”和“Just like your grandpapa！”可知，刚退休时
作者担心在生活中会失去工作时拥有的目标感。a sense of purpose意为“使命感，目标感”。
故选B。
3．A.worn B．stuck
C．broken D．lost
答案 B
解析 根据前文“I pushed at the garage’s wooden doors，but”以及后文“I finally got the
doors open”可知，这个门卡住了。故选B。
4．A.delicate B．special
C．hard D．sharp
答案 C
解析 根据后文“It was a common old metal can.”可知，我的手触碰到的是一个金属罐，它
是坚硬的。故选C。
5．A.removed B．washed
C．cleaned D．fastened
答案 A
解析 根据后文“...and found a envelope with a postmark of May 13,1940 inside.”可
知是打开盖子后才发现里面的东西，故选A。
6．A.labeled B．selected
C．yellowed D．ruined
答案 C
解析 根据后文“with a postmark of May 13,1940 inside”可知，由于年代久远，信封早已泛
黄。故选C。
7．A.Curiously B．Sincerely
C．Skillfully D．Bravely
答案 A
解析 根据前文“with a postmark of May 13,1940 inside”可知，作者对这个邮戳日期很早的信封很感兴趣，所以好奇地将它打开。故选A。
8．A.collected B．planted
C．abandoned D．stored
答案 B
解析 根据后文“the seeds in a plastic pot.I checked it every day”可知，作者把种子种在塑料
盆里。故选B。
9．A.old B．wet
C．weak D．small
答案 A
解析 根据前文中的“Eighty years old！I wonder if they’ll still grow.”及“I checked it every
day，but nothing happened.”可知，作者认为种子没发芽，是因为它们存放时间太久了，故
选A。
10．A.anger B．surprise
C．regret D．relief
答案 C
解析 根据前文“I checked it every day，but nothing happened.”可知，作者期待的种子没有
发芽，因此他很遗憾地告诉佩格。in regret表示“遗憾地”。故选C。
11．A.delay B．reflect
C．hesitate D．disappoint
答案 C
解析 根据前文“I picked up the pot to get rid of it，but...”以及后文“I changed my mind and
set it aside.”可知，作者想把它扔掉时又犹豫了。故选C。
12．A.upset B．awake
C．social D．busy
答案 D
解析 根据后文“improving my photography skills and teaching my granddaughters gardening”
可知，作者一直忙碌着，也忘了种子的事情。故选D。
13．A.expected B．attempted
C．failed D．happened
答案 D
解析 根据上文“Meanwhile，I was keeping ，improving my photography skills and
teaching my granddaughters gardening.”和后文“A new bit of green—a leaf”可知，这段时期
作者一直忙着别的事情，忘记了种子的事情，六周后他到院子里偶然发现了种子发芽。
happen to do表示“碰巧做，偶然做”。故选D。
14．A.showed up B．fallen offC．taken off D．dried up
答案 A
解析 根据前文“A new bit of green—a leaf”和后文“Look，girls，even something this old
can still for its purpose and be pretty cool.”可知，新的绿叶出现了。故选A。
15．A.compete B．grow
C．survive D．relax
答案 B
解析 根据前文“I wonder if they’ll still grow.”，“A new bit of green—a leaf”和后文
“for its purpose”可知，这些种子为了自己的目标而生长。故选B。
Ⅲ.语法填空
Ai Kanxiang is about to finish his first semester at college, 1. he is working hard to
make his dream come true.As a physical education major，he hopes 2. (become) a
PE teacher and train China’s future soccer 3. (play)．
Two years ago ， though ， his dream was even bigger.Ai wanted to join the men’s 4.
(nation) soccer team，but the 20-year-old has experienced twists and turns on the soccer field.
5． (raise) in a small village in Yunnan，Ai got public attention last year after
videos of him playing soccer in a river became popular.Demonstrating creativity，such as the way
to do a precise bicycle kick in the water，he became 6. online celebrity，with
some fans even 7. (say) that he was “better than professional players”．
But when Ai 8. (final) played with the team，he was beaten.He was barely able
to keep up.His skills were not as strong as he 9. (imagine)，and he had little
awareness of teamwork.Ai realized he needed more experience.So he set a new and more practical
goal—to apply to university 10. become a PE teacher.
语篇解读 这是一篇记叙文，叙述了一名足球爱好者希望成为一名体育老师，培养中国未来
的足球球员。
1．答案 where
解析 考查定语从句。通过分析句子结构，设空处应为定语从句，修饰先行词college。定
语从句中缺少状语，表示地点。故填where。
2．答案 to become
解析 考查非谓语动词。hope to do sth 为固定用法，不定式 to do 作宾语。故填 to
become。
3．答案 players
解析 考查名词。 通过句意可知，空格处应填名词player表示“运动员”，player为可数
名词，且其前无限定词，所以应使用名词复数形式。故填players。
4．答案 national解析 考查形容词。通过分析句子可知，空格处应使用形容词作定语修饰名词soccer team。
故填national。
5．答案 Raised
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，设空处应为非谓语动词，与其逻辑主语 Ai 之间构
成被动关系。位于句首，首字母应大写。故填Raised。
6．答案 an
解析 考查冠词。根据句意，此处泛指“一名网红”，且可数名词celebrity为单数，故应用
不定冠词。其中online的发音以元音音素开头。故填an。
7．答案 saying
解析 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，设空处为with的复合结构中宾语补足语的位置，
say与宾语 some fans 构成主动关系。应使用 saying 作some fans的宾语补足语。 故填
saying。
8．答案 finally
解析 考查副词。修饰动词played，空格处应使用副词。故填finally。
9．答案 had imagined
解析 考查动词时态。根据句意可知，他的技术并不像他过去想象的那么强，表示过去的过
去，应使用过去完成时。故填had imagined。
10．答案 and
解析 考查连词。根据句意和分析句子结构可知，句中to apply to...和(to) become...是并列的
两个动词不定式短语，应用连词连接。故填and。
