文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．tap n．龙头；阀门
2．tissue n．纸巾
3．smog n．雾霾
4．battery n．电池
5．carbon n．碳
6．just-me-ism n．以自我为中心，自我中心主义
7．gallon n．加仑
8．institute n．机构；研究院
9．chimpanzee n．黑猩猩
10．brick n．砖，砖块
11．wag vi.& vt.(狗)摇(尾巴)
12．quote n．引文，引用(的话)
13．headstone n．墓碑
14．county n．县
15．pedal vi.& vt.骑n.踏板
16．diagram n．图解，示意图
17．disposable adj.一次性的，用完即丢弃的
18．packaging n．包装盒(瓶、袋)，包装材料
19．honey n．蜂蜜
20．butter n．黄油，牛油
21．yoghurt n．酸奶
22．air conditioning n．空调系统
23．landfill n．废弃物填埋场
24．clean-burning adj.清洁焚烧的
25．waste-to-energy adj.以垃圾作为能源的
26．footwear n．鞋类27．near-surface adj.近地表的
28．build-up n．增长；加强
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．ocean n．海洋，大海
2．desert n．沙漠
3．recycle vi.& vt.再利用，回收利用
4．flat n．一套公寓房，一套住房adj.平坦的
5．root n．树根
6．shoot n．芽，苗；嫩枝vt.射中；射击
7．firm adj.实的；稳固的
8．poster n．海报
9．profit n．盈利，利润
10．pm n．下午
11．union n．联合会
12．contented adj.满意的；满足的
13．region n．地区，区域
14．slim adj.微小的；苗条的；薄的
15．rate n．比率，率
16．overcome vt.克服(困难)；控制(感情)
17．former adj.以前的，从前的
18．current adj.当前的，现时的
19．ordinary adj.普通的；平常的
20．therefore adv.因此；由此
21．path n．小径，小道
22．destination n．目的地；终点
23．resident n．居民
24．attitude n．看法；态度
25．plastic adj.塑料制的
26．sum vt.概括，总结
27．overflow vi.& vt.满是，有许多；泛滥
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．global adj.全球的，全世界的→globe n．球体；地球→globally adv.全球地，全世界地
2．industrial adj.工业的→industry n．工业
3．extinction n．灭绝→extinct adj.灭绝的
4．solution n．解决办法→solve v．解决5．electricity n．电→electric adj.电动的→electrical adj.与电有关的→electronic adj.电子的
6．transport n．交通运输系统，运输方式 vt.运输；传播→transportation n．运输；交通工
具
7．balance n．平衡→balanced adj.平衡的
8．bother vi.& vt.费心，麻烦→bothered adj.担心的；烦恼的
9．involve vt.参与；包含→involved adj.卷入的；有关的→involvement n．牵连，参与
10．founder n．创办人，创始者→found v．创办；成立→foundation n．基础；地基
11．organiser n．组织者，安排者→organise vt.组织，筹备→organisation n．组织；团体；
机构
12．occur vi.发生→occurrence n．出现；发生；事件
13.agriculture n．农业→agricultural adj.农业的
14．proposal n．建议，提议→propose v．建议，提议
15．survival n．继续生存，幸存→survive vi.& vt.幸存(于)；比……活得长→survivor n．幸
存者
16．determination n．决心；毅力→determine v．决定→determined adj.坚定的；坚决的
17．parking n．(车辆等的)停放→park v．停车
18．disappear vi.消失，不见→disappearance n．消失，不见→appear vi.出现；似乎，显得
19．tracking n．跟踪→track v．跟踪 n．踪迹
20．official n．官员，高级职员 adj.公务的；官方的→officially adv.官方地→office n．办
公室
21．percentage n．百分比，百分率→percent n．百分数
22．container n．容器→contain v．容纳
23．majority n．大多数→major adj.主要的；重要的n.主修科目；主修(某科目的)学生
24．indicate vt.表明；显示→indication n．迹象；表示；标示
25．annually adv.每年；一年一度地→annual adj.每年的；一年一度的
26．pollutant n．污染物→pollute v．污染→pollution n．污染
27．flooding n．水灾，洪水泛滥→flood n．洪水
1．vent/vent/vt.发泄，宣泄(怒火、仇恨等)
2．go ballistic突然发怒
3．flaw/flɔː/n.缺点；缺陷
4．longevity/lɒn'dʒevəti/n.持久；持续时间；寿命
5．sophisticated/sə'fɪstɪkeɪtɪd/adj.见多识广的；富有经验的
6．insult/ɪn'sʌlt/vt.侮辱，冒犯7．remedy/'remədi/n.药物；补救(法)
8．inconclusive/ˌInkən'kluːsIv/adj.非结论性的，无确定结果的
9．extensive/Ik'stensɪv/adj.广泛的，全面的
10．chronic/'krɒnɪk/adj.(疾病)慢性的，长期的
11．capture sb’s attention吸引某人注意
12．therapy/'θerəpi/n.治疗；疗法
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．do my part for sth尽自己所能做某事
2．can’t be bothered to do sth懒得做某事
3．take action采取行动
4．all around the world全世界
5．make sb’s dream come true (使)某人梦想成真
6．make a difference有影响；有作用
7．suffer from遭受
8．be committed to尽心尽力于，致力于
9．thanks to幸亏；由于
10．work through调整(情绪)；(通过反复思考来)解决(问题)
11．come up with想出，想到
12．take part (in)参加
13．cut back on削减，缩减
14．to sum up总之
15．a matter of只有几个……之多，不多于
16．come up上来；走进；发生，出现；被提出
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．Of course，it wouldn’t matter if there were just a few people in the world.(if引导的虚
拟条件句)
当然，如果世界上只有几个人这样，那就无所谓了。
2．To inspire young people to take action for the environment，animals and their community，
Roots & Shoots was established.(to do 置于句首作目的状语)
为了激励年轻人行动起来保护环境、动物和他们的社区，“根与芽”诞生了。
3．People would leave the bike in the place where they finished their journey，so that someone
else could then take it and use it from there.(so that引导目的状语从句)
人们在行程结束时就地停放自行车，以便其他人能继续使用。
4．In 1999，the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time with a computer tracking
system to record their every move！(with 复合结构)
1999年，“白色自行车”回到了阿姆斯特丹——这次安装了电子跟踪系统以记录它们的“一举一动”！
5．The new “white bikes” were not actually white but painted in bright colours.(not...but...)
新的“白色自行车”实际上不是白色的，而是被涂上了鲜艳的颜色。
6．Thanks to the ideas and efforts of many people，like the cycling fans of the 1960s and those
who enabled the return of “white bikes”，you can now enjoy clean air and easy transport in
central Amsterdam.(those 作先行词的定语从句)
由于这个创意以及众多人的努力，例如 20世纪60年代的骑行爱好者和那些让“白色自行
车”回归的人，现在人们可以在阿姆斯特丹的市中心享受清新的空气和便利的交通。
默写练习(一)
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共8分)
1．tap n．龙头；阀门
2．tissue n．纸巾
3．smog n．雾霾
4．battery n．电池
5．carbon n．碳
6．institute n．机构；研究院
7．brick n．砖，砖块
8．wag vi.& vt. ( 狗 ) 摇 ( 尾巴 )
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共24分)
1．ocean n．海洋，大海
2．desert n．沙漠
3．recycle vi.& vt.再利用，回收利用
4．flat n．一套公寓房，一套住房adj.平坦的
5．root n．树根
6．shoot n．芽，苗；嫩枝vt.射中；射击
7．firm adj.实的；稳固的
8．profit n．盈利，利润
9. union n．联合会
10．contented adj.满意的；满足的
11．region n．地区，区域
12．slim adj.微小的；苗条的；薄的
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题2分，共14分)
1．industrial adj.工业的→industry n．工业2．transport n．交通运输系统，运输方式 vt.运输；传播→transportation n．运输；交通工
具
3．bother vi.& vt.费心，麻烦→bothered adj.担心的；烦恼的
4．organiser n．组织者，安排者→organise vt.组织，筹备→organisation n．组织；团体；
机构
5．agriculture n．农业→agricultural adj.农业的
6．proposal n．建议，提议→propose v．建议，提议
7．survival n．继续生存，幸存→survive vi.& vt.幸存(于)；比……活得长→survivor n．幸
存者
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．flaw n．缺点；缺陷
2．sophisticated adj.见多识广的；富有经验的
3．insult vt.侮辱，冒犯
4．extensive adj.广泛的，全面的
5．chronic adj. ( 疾病 ) 慢性的，长期的
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)
1．take action 采取行动
2．make a difference 有影响；有作用
3．suffer from 遭受
4．be committed to 尽心尽力于，致力于
5．thanks to 幸亏；由于
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共14分)
1．The number of cars is increasing globally，which contributes to global warming，so people
all over the globe should try to use public transportation.(globe)
2．With the expansion of human domains，many species have become extinct.Human activity is
to blame for the extinction of these species.(extinct)
3．Though he has solved the problem，I think that there is a better solution to it.(solve)
4 ． After balancing the advantages against the disadvantages of losing weight through an
operation，she chose to have a balanced diet.(balance)
5．It is certain that the electrical engineer has a good knowledge of electricity.(electric)
6．Though the parental involvement in school is limited，parents should fully get involved in
the education of their children.(involve)
7．Founded in 1920，the school has a long history and all its founders have passed away.(found)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2分，共10分)do my part for sth，can’t be bothered to do sth，take action，be committed to，make sb’s
dream come true
1．Take action right away，and you will likely get rid of your bad learning habits.
2．He finally found a job that he was totally committed to and loved working for.
3．I mind my behaviour with the purpose of doing my part for the honor of my family.
4．Having made every effort，he has made his dream come true and he finally becomes an
astronaut.
5．My older brother couldn ’ t be bothered to play with me，so a flush of disappointment swept
over me.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共15分)
1．如果我听从了母亲的建议，我就不会遇到这样的麻烦了。(if 引导的虚拟条件句)
If I had followed Mother’s advice， I wouldn ’ t have got into such a trouble .
2．要学好汉语，你最好了解中国文化。(to do 置于句首作目的状语)
To study Chinese well，you’d better have a knowledge of Chinese culture.
3．他们爬上山顶，以便可能看到更好的风景。(so that引导目的状语从句)
They climbed to the top of the hill so that they might get a better view.
默写练习(二)
Ⅰ.阅读单词(每小题1分，共7分)
1．quote n． 引文，引用 ( 的话 )
2．county n．县
3．pedal vi.& vt.骑 n.踏板
4．diagram n．图解，示意图
5．packaging n． 包装盒 ( 瓶、袋 ) ，包装材料
6．honey n．蜂蜜
7．butter n．黄油，牛油
Ⅱ.重点单词(每小题2分，共22分)
1．overcome vt.克服(困难)；控制(感情)
2．former adj.以前的，从前的
3．current adj.当前的，现时的
4．ordinary adj.普通的；平常的
5．therefore adv.因此；由此
6．path n．小径，小道
7．destination n．目的地；终点8．resident n．居民
9．attitude n．看法；态度
10．plastic adj.塑料制的
11. sum vt.概括，总结
Ⅲ.拓展单词(每小题3分，共15分)
1．parking n．(车辆等的)停放→park v．停车
2．percentage n．百分比，百分率→percent n．百分数
3．annually adv.每年；一年一度地→annual adj.每年的；一年一度的
4．occur vi.发生→occurrence n．出现；发生
5．flooding n．水灾，洪水泛滥→flood n．洪水
Ⅳ.拔高词汇(每小题1分，共5分)
1．vent vt. 发泄，宣泄 ( 怒火、仇恨等 )
2．longevity n．持久；持续时间；寿命
3．inconclusive adj.非结论性的，无确定结果的
4．capture sb’s attention吸引某人注意
5．therapy n．治疗；疗法
Ⅴ.核心短语(每小题2分，共10分)
1．come up with 想出，想到
2．cut back on 削减，缩减
3．to sum up 总之
4．a matter of 只有几个……之多，不多于
5．come up 上来；走进；被提出
Ⅰ.词形变化填空(每小题2分，共16分)
1．Influenced by our head teacher，the majority of my high school classmates have majored in
physics at university.(major)
2．This is a big container that can contain a lot of liquid.(contain)
3．I am determined to give up smoking.But you know，quitting smoking takes not only
determination but perseverance.(determine)
4．Many species are disappearing every day.In fact，many scientists have long been concerned
about the disappearance of these species.(disappear)
5．Scientists are trying to keep track of the new satellite but the precise tracking of it is quite
difficult.(track)
6．After the new governor took office，he issued an official statement about the new economic
policy.(office)7．The river has been seriously polluted by the pollutants from a nearby factory，which might
be faced with a large fine for the pollution.(pollute)
8 ． There are various indications that the economy is improving ， indicating that the
government’s efforts have paid off.(indicate)
Ⅱ.选词填空(每小题2分，共10分)
1．So far several of the members have come up with suggestions of their own and we will discuss
their proposals when we are available.
2．To save more money to buy a new car，my family has cut back on spending in the few
months.
3．To sum up，success results from hard work and thus，we must be committed to our learning.
4．We would spend approximately six hours working through the challenging problem we were
facing.
5．Unexpectedly，taking part in today’s basketball game made my toes injured.
Ⅲ.经典句型仿写(每小题5分，共15分)
1．每天有很多事情要处理，我感到压力很大。(with 复合结构)
With so many things to deal with every day，I am almost stressed out.
2．不是索取而是奉献让生命更有意义。(not ...but...)
It is not taking but giving that makes life more meaningful.
3．这本小册子是专门为阅读有困难的人设计的。(those 作先行词的定语从句)
The brochure is specially designed for those who have trouble (in) reading.
I used to leave tap water running and lights on，wasting much water and electricity.I
couldn’t be bothered to pick litter up and it never 1.occurred(occur) to me that I could do my
part for oceans and deserts.To sum up，I just thought that not I but others were to blame for
smog,2.global(globe) warming and the extinction of wildlife.
However，everything changed after I was introduced to “Roots & Shoots”，3.whose
founder was Jane Goodall，a best-known expert on wild chimpanzees.The purpose of the union
is not to gain profits but to involve more young people in working out solutions to
4.pollution(pollute) and a balanced ecosystem.Therefore，we hold 5.an activity once a month；
the organiser chooses one destination，and the majority of us will take part in it.We may
put up posters 6.to educate(educate) people to recycle honey or butter containers，which
mostly are made of plastic.We may advocate cutting back on disposable packaging.Sometimes
we help clean up pollutants in rivers；sometimes we come up with proposals that clean-
burning and waste-to-energy plants should 7.be built(build)．Besides，we advocate pedaling
our bikes and using less air conditioning to live a low-carbon life.Some local residents havenegative attitudes to our activities,8.but/yet we just work through our frustration and
overcome difficulties with great determination.
Currently,9.branches(branch) of organisation have spread to many counties and regions in
China and all around the world,10.indicating(indicate) a large percentage of people are doing
ordinary things to make the world better.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
bother v．麻烦，操心；使苦恼(bothered adj.担心的，烦恼的)
•bother to do sth操心/费心做某事
bother sb with/about sth用某事打扰某人
bother sb to do sth麻烦某人做某事
It bothers/bothered sb that.../to do...使某人烦恼的是……
•can’t be bothered to do sth懒得做某事
be bothered about sth为……而担心/烦恼
(1)To sum up，the majority of people can’t be bothered to recycle(recycle) plastic products.
(2)(应用文写作之感谢信)任何言语都不足以表达我对你的衷心感谢。首先，几天前我很担心
即将到来的英语演讲比赛，是您费心指导我提高我的发音和演讲技巧。此外，我总是麻烦你
帮我解决我所面临的难题。每当我为我的事情打扰你时，你总是耐心而慷慨地为我提出很好
的建议。
No words are strong enough to express my heartfelt gratitude to you.Firstly，I was bothered about
the coming English Speech Competition a few days ago and it was you who bothered to guide me
to improve my pronunciation and speech skills.Besides，I always bothered you to help me solve
difficult problems I was faced with.Whenever I bothered you with/about my matters，you always
offered me wonderful proposals patiently and generously.
(3)(读后续写之心理描写)让凯莉烦恼的是，她要和一群她几乎不认识的孩子一起参加一个派
对，一种担心的感觉在她心头悄然袭来。
It bothered Kelly that she would be at a party with a bunch of kids she barely knew，a sense of
worry creeping up on her.
involve vt.包含；参与；使参加(卷入)……(involved adj.有关的；卷入的involvement
n．参与；牵连)
•involve sb in (doing) sth使某人加入/卷入(做)某事
•be/get involved in/with参与；卷入
(1)(应用文写作之通知)Everyone who is interested can sign up for it and therefore，we arelooking forward to your active involvement(involve)．
(2)毋庸置疑，中国传统文化包含书法、中国结、剪纸等等，因此，你可以告诉我哪些最吸
引外国人吗？(2021·全国甲，书面表达)
No one can deny the fact that Chinese traditional cultures involve calligraphy ， Chinese knots ，
paper cutting and so on and thus，could you please tell me which ones attract foreigners most?
(3)我非常高兴能参加即将举办的旨在促进中英文化交流的中文工坊。(2023·天津6月，书面
表达)
I am more than delighted to get involved in/involve myself in the upcoming Chinese Workshop，
which aims to promote cultural exchange between China and the UK.
contented adj.满意的；满足的(content vt.使满意 n．[pl.]内容；目录 adj.满意的；满足
的)
•content oneself with满足于；使(某人)自己对……感到满足
•feel/be content/contented with对……满足/满意
be content to do sth乐于/愿意做某事
(1)The founder and organiser of the union was content to pedal(pedal) to the destination.
(2)我对大卫克服最初疑虑的决心感到满意，大卫对自己在越野赛中的表现感到满意。我们
脸上浮现出满意的微笑。(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
I was/felt contented/content with David’s determination to overcome his initial doubts and
David contented himself with his own performance in the cross-country run.A contented smile
emerged on our faces.
用法点拨 content和contented都是形容词，但是contented可以作定语和表语，而 content
常常作表语。
occur vi.发生；存在；出现；(想法)产生(occurrence n．出现；发生；事件)
sth occur(s)/occurred to sb某人突然想起某事
It occurs to sb that...某人突然想起……
It occurs to sb to do sth.某人突然想起做某事。
(1)Ocean pollution is not a rare occurrence(occur) all around the world，so we must take action
to keep a balance between mankind and oceans.(2022·全国甲，书面表达)
(2)我突然想到要用自己辛辛苦苦挣来的钱帮家里还清债务，于是我扔下最喜欢的玩具，朝
家里飞奔而去。(2021·浙江6月，读后续写)
It occurred to me to help my family out of debt with my hard-earned money，so I dropped myfavorite toy and sprang towards my home.
(3)(读后续写之动作描写)我突然想起我们骑的马有可能认识回家的路，我破涕为笑。
It struck/hit/occurred to me that the horses we were riding might know the way home and I smiled
through tears.(it作形式主语)
用法点拨 表示“某人突然想起……”的用法还有：sth strike(s)/hit(s) sb；It hits/strikes sb
that...
proposal n．建议，提议；求婚(propose vt.提议，建议)
•the proposal to do...做……的建议
•propose doing...建议做……
propose that...(should) do...建议……应该做……
(1)The official rejected the proposal to use(use) more disposable containers.
(2)He came up with a proposal that the students (should) study(study) basic knowledge hard to
lay a firm foundation for further study.
(3)我建议应该根据我们的语言水平、学习风格和个性对我们学生进行分组，这样我们就可
以更有效地练习说英语。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)
I propose that we students (should) be grouped/My proposal is that we students (should) be
grouped/I propose us students ’ being grouped based on our language levels，learning styles and
personalities so that we can practise speaking English more efficiently.
用法点拨 在suggestion，proposal，advice等需要具体内容解释的名词后常用虚拟语气。
determination n．决心；毅力；决定(determine v．测定；决定；确定determined adj.
坚决的；有决心的)
•determine to do...决定做……(表示动作)
determine on/upon (doing) sth决定(做)某事
•be determined to do...决心做……(表示状态)
(1)David determined on/upon taking part in the cross-country run，his eyes twinkling with great
determination(determine)．(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
(2)就在那时我决定继续在农场工作，以便能帮助养活我的家人。(2021·浙江6月，读后续
写)
It was at that time that I determined to go on working on the farm so that I could help support my
family.(determine to do)
(3)我决定很好地组织这次主题班会，所以我写信征求你关于哪些中国传统文化最吸引外国
人的建议。(2021·全国甲，书面表达)Determined to organise the theme class meeting wonderfully，so I am writing to ask you for
advice on which Chinese traditional cultures attract foreigners most.(形容词短语作状语)
majority n．大部分；多数，大多数；大半(major adj.主要的；主修的 vi.主修 n．专
业；主修学生)
•in a/the majority占大多数
a/the majority of大多数……
•major in主修……
(1)What made us wild with joy was that the majority of our work was(be) finished at 5 pm
yesterday.
(2)有些人中途放弃了，但是大部分参赛者都成功跑到了终点。(2020·新课标Ⅰ，应用文写
作)
Some people gave up halfway，but a/the majority of the participants made it to the finishing line.
(3)(应用文写作之申请信)作为一名英语专业的毕业生，我很高兴能申请这个职位。作为一个
英语专业的学生，我不仅能说流利的英语，我也可以帮助你处理各种事务。
As a graduate majoring in English，I feel excited to apply for the position.Being/As an English
major，not only can I speak English fluently but I can also aid you to handle various matters.
(4)从上面的图表可以很容易地看出，喜欢听英文歌曲的人占大多数。(2022·全国乙，书面表
达)
It can be easily seen from the above chart that those who prefer listening to English songs are in
the/a majority.
用法点拨 “a/the majority of＋名词”作主语时，谓语动词的数与of后面的名词保持一致；
the majority单独作主语时，谓语动词用单复数均可。
work through调整(情绪)；(通过反复思考来)解决(问题)
break through突破
get through通过；完成；打通(电话)
go through经历；仔细检查
live through经历……而未死
look through浏览，翻阅
用through短语的适当形式填空
(1)Scientists have broken through some technological barriers to make the batteries last longer.
(2)Eager to tell him what I had gone through during the past few years，I tried phoning him but
failed to get through.(3)(应用文写作之建议信)If you don’t know the meaning of an unfamiliar word，try to guess the
meaning instead of looking through a dictionary at first.
(4)It’s hard for the mother to work through her sadness after her daughter got drowned.
(5)It was with great determination and courage that the old man lived through the stomach
cancer.
cut back on削减，缩减
cut across穿过(某地)(尤指抄近路)
cut in插嘴
cut off中止；切掉；使隔绝
cut...out停止做(或使用、食用)；剪下
cut up切碎
cut down砍倒；削减；删节；缩小(尺寸、数量等)
用cut短语的适当形式填空
(1)The current advice for pregnant women is to cut out alcohol.
(2)I usually cut across the park on my way home and to school so that I can arrive at my
destination early.
(3)She kept on cutting in during our conversation，which made us very bothered.
(4)He cut up the meat on his plate impatiently to show his extreme anger.
(5)My uncle hasn’t been able to quit smoking，but at least he has cut down.
(6)If you can not increase sales，you must cut back on production.
with＋宾语＋宾补 In 1999，the “white bikes” returned to Amsterdam—this time
with a computer tracking system to record their every move！1999年，“白色自行车”回到
了阿姆斯特丹——这次安装了电子跟踪系统以记录它们的“一举一动”！
“with＋宾语＋宾语补足语”即with的复合结构，在句中多作状语，也可以作定语。常见的
结构有：with＋宾语＋doing/done/to do/adj./adv./介词短语。
(1)With electricity cut(cut) off，the residents had to use a candle to light up the house.
(2)(读后续写之紧张心理描写)我的心开始咚咚跳，嘴里发干，我站起来，向舞台走去。
With my heart starting to beat and my mouth dry，I rose to my feet and headed for the stage.
(3)有很多问题需要解决，我冲到医院，找到了生病的伙伴，在他的指导下，我设法完成了
最后的任务。(2022·浙江1月，读后续写)
With many problems to settle，I dashed to the hospital and found my sick teammate and I
managed to finish the last tasks with his guidance.提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．balance
(1)To hold a pencil，she must balance it between her wrists，then use her arms to push it along
the page. A
(2)How can you find the ball that is heavier by using a balance and only weighing twice？ C
(3)We should appreciate the natural balance and pay more attention to the importance of wildlife
conservation. B
(4)I was about to pay when I found my credit card balance was low，so I had to pay in cash. D
2．shoot
(1)The movie was shot in New Zealand and it appealed to numerous people. B
(2)Once we set foot on the park，we found the roses putting out new shoots. E
(3)He finally hit the target after he shot at it several times. A
(4)Summers in the mid-70s were spent at home shooting baskets，hitting a baseball，or
throwing a football，preparing for my future as a quarterback on a football team.(2021·浙江6月)
C
(5)Then Jeff noticed steam shooting out of the pot and the lid starting to shake.(2021·新课标Ⅰ)
D
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的意思
(1)The baby’s mother deserted him soon after giving birth.抛弃
(2)With help from Tesla，Westinghouse’s firm developed a system using alternating current，
which soon became the major form of power delivery.(2022·浙江1月)电流
(3)The chance for his survival is very slim.微小的
(4)The character of a child is plastic according to experts.可塑的
(5)According to a new survey by the National Sleep Foundation,51% of kids aged 10 to 18 go to
bed at 10 pm or later on school nights，even though they have to get up early.基金会
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1 ． The performer couldn’t be bothered(bother) to change the costumes between two
performances.
2．The broad smile on his face suggested that he was contented with his career as a conductor
of the band.
3.Male family members are recommended to get more involved(involve) in educating children.
4．It occurred to the sculptor that he could make a sculpture for the nonprofit organization toshow his gratitude.
5．My proposal was that you (should) learn(learn) from your failure and improve yourself in the
meantime.
6．Determined(determine) to come back to the stage，the dancer struggled with his injuries
bitterly.
7．As we can see in the chart，a majority of people are(be) opposed to advertisements inserted in
TV plays.
8．It took the player quite a few minutes to work through the massive mental stress caused by a
mistake.
9．With my best friend guiding(guide) me，I gradually mastered the skills of calligraphy.
10．Don’t hesitate to take part in the activity，or you will miss a good opportunity to
experience many interesting things.
11．Ecologists recommended that human beings should cut back on the emission of carbon
dioxide before it’s too late.
12．If I had seen the traffic signals，I wouldn ’ t have rushed (not，rush) the red light.
13．Whatever difficulties we will encounter in the coming contest，we should have a positive
attitude to/toward(s) them.
14．Whenever he referred to his sick mother，he was overcome with uncontrollable grief.
15．He put forward a perfect solution to settling the problem and we all looked at him with great
admiration.
假定你是某国际学校的学生会主席李华，你所在城市近年来交通拥堵越来越严重，请你
以学生会的名义向全校师生写一封绿色出行的倡议书。内容包括：
1.绿色出行的意义；
2.绿色出行的方式；
3.提出号召。
完成句子
1．随着私家车的增加，我们城市的交通堵塞变得越来越严重，所以我代表学生会呼吁大家
绿色出行。(with＋宾语＋宾补)
2．如果我们不采用绿色出行，我们就无法建立一个可持续发展的环境，也无法拥有健康的
生活方式。(if引导的虚拟条件句)3．为了实现这一目标，我强烈建议，我们首先要进一步提高对绿色出行重要性的认识。
(propose)
4．一旦我们决定骑自行车或乘公共交通工具而不是开私家车出行，我们不仅可以避免交通
堵塞，而且还可以改善我们的健康。(determine；not only...but also...的倒装结构)
5．在我们的日常生活中，我们应该想出更有效的措施来过绿色生活。(come up with)
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
参考范文
Dear teachers and classmates，
With private cars increasing，the traffic jams in our city have become more and more
serious，so I，on behalf of the Students’ Council，appeal to everyone to go green.
Firstly，if we were not to adopt green travel，we wouldn’t build a sustainable environment
or have a healthy lifestyle.To achieve that，I strongly propose that we should first raise awareness
of the importance of green travel further.Once we determine to ride bicycles or take public transport
instead of driving private vehicles，not only can we avoid traffic jams but we can also improve our
health.Last but not least，in our daily life，we should come up with more effective measures to
live a green life.
A small act makes a great difference.Let’s act now and enjoy a green life!
The Students’ Council
教材语料整合
[动作描写] tap；recycle；do my part for sth；shoot；bother；take action；
亮词
wag；involve；disappear；pedal；cut back on；sum；overflow[环境描写] ocean；smog；desert；path；flooding
[情感描写] just-me-ism；contented；overcome；determination；work through
1.Well，say you leave the tap running while you brush your teeth，leave a light on
when you go out or you drop a piece of litter and can’t be bothered to pick it up.
美句 (动作描写)
2．Every individual matters.Every individual has a role to play.Every individual
makes a difference.(结尾升华句)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：焦虑、担忧与无助、绝望
anxious adj.焦虑的，担心的→anxiously adv.焦虑地→anxiety n．焦虑，忧虑
worried adj.担心的，发愁的→worrying adj.令人担心的→worry vt.使忧虑，使担
单词
心 n．担心，忧虑
helpless/hopeless adj.无助的，绝望的→helplessness/hopelessness n．无助；绝望
with anxiety焦虑地 be concerned/worried about担忧 full of/filled with anxiety焦
虑不安 feelings of anxiety and concern焦虑而担忧的感觉 bend one’s head in
词块
despair 垂头丧气 abandon oneself to helplessness陷入无助 be reduced to tears伤
心落泪 heart torn with despair绝望得撕心裂肺
Fog beginning to creep into the forest，I grew increasingly concerned.(独立主格结
构)
雾开始悄悄进入森林，我越来越担心。
Filled with anxiety，he froze there helpless，frowning.(过去分词短语作状语；形
容词作状语)他充满了焦虑，无助地僵在那里，皱着眉头。
With everything swallowed by the darkness，Mary was close to crying with anxiety
and fear.(with复合结构)一切都被黑暗吞没了，玛丽既担心又害怕，几乎要哭了。
句型
Worried/Concerned about the journey，I was unsettled for the first few days.(形容
词短语作状语)由于担心这次旅行，头几天我心神不宁。
He was so nervous about the English test that he lay awake half the night，worried.
(so...that...；形容词作状语)他对英语考试感到如此紧张，以至于大半夜都睡不着
觉，心神不宁。
He gazed at the confusion around him，overwhelmed by/overcome with a feeling of
despair.(过去分词短语作状语)他凝视着周围一片混乱，感到一阵绝望。
语料运用 主题：环境保护
The moment I set foot on my hometown ten years later，I gazed at the bare mountain and
dirty river and froze there，①overwhelmed by/overcome with a feeling of despair(过去分词短语
作状语)．Past beautiful scenery came back in floods.I ②was reduced to tears and bent my head in
despair，thinking what had contributed to the terrible environment.③Concerned/Worried about thedestroyed environment(形容词短语作状语)，I was unsettled for the first few days，being on pins
and needles.④Determined to change the situation(形容词短语作状语)，I began delivering
lectures to ⑤urge people to protect the environment.The public’s active responses melted away
my feelings of anxiety and concern.
十年后，当我踏上家乡的那一刻，我望着光秃秃的山和脏兮兮的河，在那里僵住了，感
到一阵绝望。往日的美景如洪水般涌了回来。我流下了眼泪，绝望地低下了头，想着是什么
造成了这种可怕的环境。由于担心被破坏的环境，我在最初的几天里心神不宁，感觉如坐针
毡。决定改变这种状况，我开始发表演讲，敦促人们保护环境。公众的积极反应消解了我焦
虑和担忧的感觉。
