文档内容
Ⅰ.阅读单词——会意
1．surfing n．冲浪(运动)
2．plastic adj.塑料制的
3．twist n．(形势或事态的)意外转折
4．soldier n．士兵，军人
5．assure v．向……保证，使确信
6．chart v．记录，跟踪(变化或进展)
7．setting n．(机器、仪器等调控装置的)设定位置，调节点
8．bar n．横木
9．upper adj.(位置)较上的，较高的，上面的
10．data n．资料，数据
11．label n．标签，标记
12．asthma n．哮喘(病)
13．gorilla n．大猩猩
14．ultimate adj.(目标等)最终的
Ⅱ.重点单词——记形
1．goal n．球门
2．content n．满意，满足
3．factor n．因素，要素
4．conflict n．武装冲突，战斗，战争
5．ideal adj.理想的，最好的
6．display n．显示器
7．monitor v．监视，监测
8．available adj.可用的，可获得的
9．skip v．跳绳
10．bone n．骨头，骨11．master n．大师，能手
12．interpret v．理解，了解，解释
13．lung n．肺
14．power n．力量
15．network n．人际关系网，联络网
16．tension n．紧张，焦虑
17．ache v．(持续而隐隐地)作痛
18．inspire v．鼓舞，激励
19．persuade v．说服，劝服
Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变
1．represent v．代表，表示→representative adj.典型的，有代表性的 n．代表
2．basis n．基础；根据→base vt.以……为基础→basic adj.基础的→basically adv.大体上，
基本上
3．equipment n．装备，设备，用具→equip v．装备，配备
4．defend v．(在比赛中)防守，防卫→defenc(s)e n．防卫，防护→defensive adj.防御的；保
护的
5．death n．死，死亡→dead adj.死的；无生命的→die v．死亡→dying adj.垂死的→deadly
adj.致命的
6．adjustable adj.可调整的，可调节的→adjust v．调整，调节；适应→adjustment n．调整；
适应
7．balance n．平衡→balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的
8．involve vt.包含；需要→involved adj.参与的；投入的→involvement n．参与；卷入；牵
连
9．response n．回答，答复→respond v．回答，作出反应
10．disappear vi.消失，不见→disappearance n．消失→(反义词)appear vi.出现→appearance
n．出现；外表
11．sweaty adj.满是汗的，被汗水湿透的→sweat n．汗水 v．出汗
12．champion n．(尤指体育比赛中的)冠军，第一名→championship n．锦标赛；冠军称号
1．disgusting /dIs'ɡʌstIŋ/ adj.令人厌恶的；极糟的→disgust /dIs'ɡʌst/ n．厌恶；憎恨；反感
vt.使作呕；使厌恶；使反感
2．triumph /'traIʌmf/ n．胜利；重大成功
in triumph胜利地
3．illusion /I'luːʒn/ n．幻想；假象；错觉
4．exalt /Iɡ'zɔːlt/ vt.表扬；褒扬；提拔5．chilly /'tʃIli/ adj.寒冷的；阴冷的；冷淡的
6．arrogance /'ærəɡəns/ n．傲慢；自大→arrogant /'ærəɡənt/ adj.傲慢的，自大的
7．terrific /tə'rIfIk/ adj.极好的；绝妙的；很大的
8．stick with坚持；紧跟
9．exclusive /Ik'skluːsIv/ adj.独有的；专有的；排外的 n．独家新闻；独家报道
10．controversial /ˌkɒntrə'vɜːʃl/ adj.引起争论的；有争议的
Ⅳ.背核心短语
1．to one’s heart’s content尽情地；心满意足地
2．die out消失，绝迹，灭绝
3．go back追溯
4．end with以……结束
5．break down消除；分解；发生故障；失败；垮掉
6．take...for example 以……为例
7．put down 降落，着陆；放下；记下
8．a matter of life and death 生死攸关的事情；成败的关键
9．tens of thousands of成千上万的
10．social network社交网络
11．around the corner 就快到了，就在附近
12．in turn反之，转而；轮流，依次；相应地
13．save...from...从……中救出……，使免受
Ⅴ.悟经典句式
1．Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon，we could even say that it is
also the most popular sport out of this world！(given that＋从句)想想当年尼尔·阿姆斯特朗曾想
要把足球带上月球，我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动！
2．That football is such a simple game to play is perhaps the basis of its popularity.(that引导的
主语从句)
足球是非常简便的一项运动，这或许是它受欢迎的最根本的原因。
3．All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts’ content with a ball made of
plastic bags.(see＋宾语＋宾补)
在世界各地，你都可以看到孩子们尽情地踢由塑料袋做成的球。
4．Whether I’m at the gym or on the road，my nervous energy pushes me through mile one.
(whether...or...引导让步状语从句)
无论是在健身房还是在路上，跑第一英里时我还能感受到神经的紧张。
5．The funniest moment was when someone watching the race offered me a banana—a real
treat for a running gorilla！(when引导的表语从句)
最有趣的时刻是看比赛的人递给了我一根香蕉——这对于奔跑的大猩猩来说真是一顿美餐！Once，I was not content with my figure.On the basis of my ultimate goal，I persuaded
myself 1. (run) at 6 am.In my hometown，there are parks available for me to run
in.Running involves many 2. (benefit)，such as developing our balance and
strengthening our lungs.When we are sweaty after running ， the ache in the back will
disappear and the bone will be 3.____________(strong) than before.Besides，in my spare
time，I enjoy 4.____________(skip)．Believe it or not，recently I 5.____________(buy) an
adjustable display to monitor my weight.
When running ， you don’t need much 6.__________(equip) except a pair of
7.____________(comfort) shoes and then you can run and take 8.____________ the fresh air to
your heart’s content.9.____________ your weight depends on different factors ， keep
inspiring yourself，and I assure that everyone will have the power to have 10.____________
ideal figure.
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为本单元词汇
content n．满意，满足；内容；(pl.)目录；(书、讲话、节目等的)主题 vt.满足，知足
adj.满意的；满足的
·with content满意地
·content oneself with满足于
·feel/be content with...对……满足/满意
be content to do sth满足于做某事
(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我满意地对大卫说：“我对你在越野赛中的表现很满意。”脸上
带着满意的笑容，大卫对参加越野赛也很满意。
I said to David ____________，“I ________________________________________________
your performance in the cross-country running race.” With ________________ on his face，
David ____________________ take part in the race.
技法点拨 “对……满意”的常用短语小结：be content with，be pleased with，be satisfied
with，be happy with。
defend vt.保卫；防守；辩解 [defenc(s)e n．防御；保卫；保护]
·defend...against/from (doing) sth保护……免受……
defend oneself自卫；为自己辩护
·in defenc(s)e (of)保护；为了保卫；(为……)辩护
in one’s defenc(s)e为某人辩护(1)The soldier stepped back appearing frightened and put up his hands as if ____________
defence.He seemed to defend himself ____________ being injured.
(2)(读后续写之肢体动作描写)看到这条凶猛的蛇，他像箭一样冲过去保护儿子。
Seeing the fierce snake，__________________________________________________________.
balance n．平衡；天平；余额 vt.平衡；权衡；使相等(balanced adj.平衡的；均衡的)
·keep/lose (one’s) balance保持/失去平衡
keep a balance between A and B 在A和B之间保持平衡
·balance...against权衡，比较
(1)Before making the response，you’d better balance the advantages ____________ the
disadvantages.
(2)The young man was persuaded to keep a __________(balance) diet for the benefit of his
health.
(3)(应用文写作之建议信)只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。所以我建议你应该在学习和娱乐
之间保持平衡，比如做运动、听音乐等。
All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.So I suggest you should
_______________________，such as doing sports and listening to music.
persuade v．说服，劝服 (persuasive adj.有说服力的 persuasion n．说服)
(1)You must possess ________________ powers.After your ____________，the stubborn boy
agreed to deliver a speech.(persuade)
(2)He tried to persuade us ____________ his honesty.
＝He tried to persuade us __________ he was honest.
(3)(2020·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)我成功地说服他同意我挨家挨户卖爆米花的计划。
I managed to _____________________________________ to sell popcorn from door to door.
(4)(2022·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)成功说服大卫不要放弃越野赛之后，我欣慰地笑了。
Having successfully ________________________________________ the cross-country race，I
smiled with relief.
(5)(读后续写之紧张心理描写)我非常紧张，犹豫不决地敲开老人的门，试图说服他买我的报纸。
Having butterflies in my stomach ， I hesitantly knocked on the old man’s door and
________________________________________________________________________.
用法点拨 (1)persuade表示“说服”，强调说服的结果；advise表示“劝说，建议”，强调
动作，对方不一定接受。“劝说但不一定有效果”应表述为：advise sb to do sth 或try to
persuade sb to do sth。
(2)表示“说服某人做某事”的其他表达形式：talk sb into doing sth，argue sb into doing sth，
convince sb to do sth。
in turn 依次；轮流；反之；相应地；转而
in one’s turn 轮到某人；接着
by turns 交替地；轮流
It is one’s turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事。
take turns to do sth轮流做某事
(1)The girls take turns ____________(skip) the rope on the playground.
(2)The ten students who represented our club __________ to deliver speeches at the New Year
Party.Finally，it was my turn ____________(deliver) a speech.As far as I’m concerned，in the
past it was our parents and coaches that helped us in many aspects and ____________，we should
give a helping hand to them from now on.
用法点拨 by turns是“交替地；轮流”的意思，多指两个人或两个行为之间的交替进行；
in turn表示“按顺序”。
given that＋从句 Given that Neil Armstrong wanted to take a football to the Moon，we
could even say that it is also the most popular sport out of this world！想想当年尼尔·阿姆斯
特朗曾想要把足球带上月球，我们甚至可以说它也是地球之外最受欢迎的运动！
·“given that＋从句”是独立成分作状语，用来标记已知事实，意为“考虑到……，鉴
于……”。
·given that后面跟从句；given与之意思相同，但后面常跟名词。
(1)(话题写作之传统文化)鉴于您对中国的传统节日端午节非常感兴趣，我写信向您介绍端午
节。
__________________________，Dragon Boat Festival，I am writing to introduce it to you.
(2)(读后续写之肢体动作描写)鉴于没有人帮他与恶狼作斗争，他立即从自行车上下来，抓牢
自行车，并用尽全力把它扔向狼，试图把狼吓跑。
_________________________________________，he instantly got off the bike，seized the bike
tightly and threw it towards the wolf with all his strength，trying to frighten it away.
用法点拨 类似用法的还有：generally speaking 一般来说；frankly speaking 坦白地说；considering...考虑到……；to tell you the truth 说实话；judging from/by 从……来判断；
compared to/with与……相比较；believe it or not信不信由你；supposing假设。这些结构不用
考虑逻辑主语，直接运用。
see＋宾语＋宾补 All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts’ content
with a ball made of plastic bags.在世界各地，你都可以看到孩子们尽情地踢由塑料袋做成的
球。
·see sb do sth看见某人做了某事，强调动作的全过程(在变为被动语态时，see sb do sth应改
为sb be seen to do sth)。
·see sb doing sth看见某人正在做某事，强调动作正在进行。
·see sth done看见某事被做，强调动作的被动和完成。
(1)(2020·浙江7月)My heart froze in my chest as I saw the tractor ____________(head) towards
the motorway.I ran desperately but failed to catch up.
(2)(2023·浙江1月，读后续写)I saw a hummingbird ____________(cover) in spider-webs and it
was desperately trying to escape，unable to move its wings.
(3)(读后续写之动作描写)When I strode into the classroom，I saw that he was buried in reading.
→When I strode into the classroom，____________________________.(see的复合结构)
提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇
Ⅰ.一词多义练/熟词生义练——清除阅读障碍
1．content
A.n.目录 B.n.书籍、文章、演讲等的主要内容 C.n.容器等容纳的东西 D.n.含量
E.adj.满意的，满足的 F.vt.使满足，使满意
(1)(2023·新课标Ⅰ)Nanxiang aside，the best xiao long bao have a fine skin，allowing them to
be lifted out of the steamer basket without tearing or spilling any of their contents.________
(2)(2022·全国乙)Since April drinks companies have been forced to pay between 18p and 24p for
every litre of sugary drink they produce or import，depending on the sugar content.________
(3)(2021·新课标Ⅱ)Look at the table of contents，the preface，the chapter heading，etc.This
will help you to decide whether you really need to read the whole book or only certain parts of
it.________
(4)(2023·新课标Ⅱ)To serve its function，a book must be activated by a user：the cover opened，
the pages parted ， the contents reviewed ， perhaps notes written down or words
underlined.________
(5)To be honest，we should never content ourselves with book knowledge only.________(6)(2021·浙江6月)If you ever get the impression that your dog can “tell” whether you look
content or annoyed，you may be onto something.________
2．involve vt.
(1)(2023·全国甲)But when Derek built our family house about eight years ago，I was heavily
involved，painting the rooms and putting down the flooring throughout the house.________
(2)(2023·北京)While a routine involves repeated behaviour，it’s not necessarily performed in
response to a deep-rooted urge，as a habit is.________
(3)If your goal involves other people，put yourself in their positions.________
3．快速阅读下列句子并猜测句中加黑词汇的汉语意思
(1)(2022·浙江 1 月)With help from Tesla，Westinghouse’s firm developed a system using
alternating current( 交 流 电 ) ， which soon became the major form of power
delivery.____________________
(2)What is known to us all is that art is a powerful way to represent life and express
feelings.____________________
(3)(2020·江苏)Before one of these workouts，the men skipped breakfast，meaning that they
exercised on a completely empty stomach after a long overnight fast( 禁 食 ) ．
____________________
(4)I’d like to check the balance in my account，please.____________________
Ⅱ.核心知识强化练——巩固语言知识
1．When she turned around，she saw her mother ____________(stare) at her with joy.
2．The son，as well as his parents，____________(want) to get involved in the activities and see
the fireworks.
3．____________(equip) with some tools，the farmers walked into the mountain with great
effort.
4．The thieves admitted that they had broken __________ the bank and stolen a lot of money.
5．As a result of the global warming，these endangered animals may even die ____________.
6 ． Mr Smith and his wife broke ____________ two years ago regardless of others’
disagreement.
7．The man failed to persuade his wife ____________(go) with him to participate in the
competition.
8．The guy’s goal is __________(be) a host on CCTV whose programme will attract a
large audience.
9．He is regarded as the most suitable person who has the power ____________(handle) various
emergencies.
10．____________(represent) my school，I am greatly honoured to talk about how to becivilised citizens.
2022·上海1月假如你是明启中学的高三学生李明。入冬以来，你们学校组织全校师
生进行晨跑，时间在7：30到7：50，休息5分钟之后准备上第一节课。但是有同学反映，
晨跑后身体不适。校方委托学生会向同学们征集意见，请你向学生会写封邮件。要求：
1.提出问题；
2.提出改进的建议和理由。
完成句子
1．我们很高兴学校组织早上7：30到7：50的跑步，这有助于保护老师和学生免受疾病的
侵袭。(defend；定语从句)
_______________________________________________________________________________
2．考虑到很多学生反映跑步后不舒服，我们应该尽快解决这个问题。(given that)
_______________________________________________________________________________
3．何不把晨跑时间放在第二节课后的大休息时间，这相应地又能让学生更有活力。(in
turn；which引导的非限制性定语从句)
_______________________________________________________________________________
4．为了保持锻炼和身体舒适之间的平衡，我们最好给学生一个全面的身体检查。(balance)
_______________________________________________________________________________
5．只有当每个学生和老师都对晨跑满意时，我们才能达到预期的效果。(content；倒装句)
_______________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇
把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
教材语料整合
[情感描写] content；to one’s heart’s content；tension
亮词 [动作描写] defend；conflict；monitor；skip；disappear；ache；inspire；persuade
[人物描写] sweaty；available；champion；master
1.All over the world you can see kids playing to their hearts’ content with a ball made
of plastic bags.(心理描写)
美句 2．As a computer engineer，there’s always a new challenge just around the corner！It
can be quite stressful at times，though，which in turn makes me feel anxious.(矛盾冲
突)拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：悲伤、沮丧与孤独(二)
heart-broken adj.心碎的 upset adj.不高兴的，心烦意乱的 v．使心烦意乱，使生气
desperate adj.无望的，绝望的 despair n．绝望；令人绝望的人或事 v．绝望，丧失
单
信心 depress vt.使抑郁，使沮丧→depressed adj.抑郁的，沮丧的→depressing adj.令
词
人沮丧的→depression n．悲伤，沮丧 disappoint vt.使失望→disappointing adj.令人失
望的→disappointed adj.失望的→disappointment n．失望
fall into despair陷入绝望 with a heavy/sinking/sorrowful/broken heart心情沉重/难过/心
碎 cry one’s heart out 悲痛欲绝 in low spirits情绪低落 in a bad mood心情不好
词
in a sorrowful/sad tone/voice伤心地说 one’s heart sank 心沉下去 sadness came in
块
waves悲伤如潮涌 an ocean of sadness悲伤的海洋 a look of disappointment/loneliness
flashed across/spread over one’s face 脸上露出失望/孤独的表情
She rode home from school slowly，numb with sorrow.(形容词短语作状语)
她从学校慢慢地骑车回家，悲伤得麻木了。
So desperate did she feel that she couldn’t help weeping，unable to hold back her
tears.(倒装句；形容词短语作状语)她感到如此绝望，以至于禁不住哭了，无法控制自
己的眼泪。
She walked to me，with great sorrow，the light in her eyes darkened，and said with
sadness，“I failed.”
她走到我面前，悲痛万分，眼睛里的光芒暗了下来，悲伤地说：“我失败了。”
Cold with no hope for warmth，she felt drowned in a crowd of people.(形容词短语作状
语)
句
她感到又冷又无取暖的希望，感觉就像被人群淹没一样。
型
I bit my bottom lip，struggled to my feet and ran forward desperately，with sweat
blurring my sight.(动作链描写)(with复合结构)我咬着下嘴唇，挣扎着站起来，拼命向
前跑，汗水模糊了我的视线。
In low spirits，she dragged her heavy legs back home，tired out.
她垂头丧气地拖着两条沉重的腿回家，累坏了。
The next following days，she felt like she was floating in an ocean of sadness，not
wanting to do anything.(比喻句)接下来的几天，她觉得自己像漂浮在悲伤的海洋里，什
么都不想做。
Depression hung over me like a dark cloud.(无灵主语句，比喻句)沮丧像乌云一样笼罩
着我。
语料运用 比赛受挫
Minutes later，my legs ached.My vision was clouded as sweat dropped down into my eyes，
and it seemed as if my arms would fall off if I swung them one more time.But I still gathered up my
strength to speed up but suddenly fell to the ground.①________________________________(无灵主语)．②________________________(比喻句) ③___________________________(倒装句)．
However，inspired by my classmates，④_______________________________________.(动作
链描写)(with复合结构) The tension and disappointment in my heart disappeared.
几分钟后，我的腿疼了。汗水流进了我的眼睛，我的视线模糊了，我的手臂似乎再甩一
次就要掉下来了。但我仍然集中我的力量加速，但突然跌倒在地上。沮丧、绝望和难过像乌
云一样笼罩着我。我觉得自己漂浮在悲伤的海洋里。我感到如此绝望，以至于禁不住哭了，
无法控制自己的眼泪。然而，在同学们的鼓舞下，我咬着下嘴唇，挣扎着站起来，拼命向前
跑，汗水模糊了我的视线。我心头的紧张和失望消失了。
