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1．awkward adj.局促不安的；令人尴尬的；难对付的；笨拙的
2．medium n．(pl.media)传播信息的媒介，方法；手段，工具 adj.中等的，中号的
3．horrible adj.令人震惊的；可恶的，极坏的
4．chat vi.& n．聊天，闲聊
chat with sb 与某人聊天
have a chat with sb 与某人聊天
5．café n．咖啡馆，小餐馆
6．behavio(u)r n．行为，举止，态度
7．definitely adv.肯定，确实；确切地
8．misunderstand vt.& vi.(misunderstood，misunderstood)误解，误会
9．contact vt.& n．联系，联络
·contact sb at...通过……联系某人
·get in/get into/make contact with...与……取得联系
stay in/keep in/lose contact with...与……保持/失去联系
be in/out of contact with...与……有/没有联系
10．shallow adj.肤浅的，浅薄的；浅的
11．blog n．博客，网志
12．theme n．主题；主旋律
13．slave n．奴隶
14．raft n．木排，筏
15．opinion n．意见，看法；(群体的)观点，信仰
in one’s opinion在某人看来
opinion about/of/on sb/sth对……的意见/看法
16．quality n．品德，素质；质量；特征 adj.优质的，高质量的
be of high/poor quality质量高/差
17．extra adj.额外的，分外的，附加的 adv.额外，另外；特别，格外18．seek(sought，sought) vi.试图；寻找；争取 vt.寻求；寻找
seek for/after寻找/追求
seek sth from sb向某人寻求某物
seek one’s fortune寻找致富之路；外出闯荡
seek to do sth试图/设法做某事
19．moment n．时光，时机；瞬间；某个时刻
20．indeed adv.其实，实际上；的确；真正地
21．well-meaning adj.出于好心的，善意的
22．thorough adj.彻底的，全面的；仔细的
23．company n．陪伴，作伴；公司
keep sb company 陪伴某人
24．poet n．诗人
25．wine n．葡萄酒；果酒
26．original adj.起初的；独创的；原作的 n．原件，原稿→origin n．起源→originally adv.
起初
27．recover vi.恢复健康；恢复常态 vt.全额收回；寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新控制
→recovery n．恢复
recover from...从……中恢复
recover oneself镇定下来
28．loss n．失去，丧失；亏损；去世；损失→lose v．遗失，丢失；失去
at a loss不知所措，困惑
29．frank adj.坦率的，直率的→frankly adv.坦率地
to be frank＝frankly speaking坦白地说
30．trick vt.欺骗，欺诈 n．诡计，花招；戏法→tricky adj.棘手的；难对付的；狡猾的
·trick sb out of sth骗取某人某物
trick sb into doing sth欺骗某人做某事
·play tricks/a trick on sb捉弄某人
31．ignore vt.忽视，对……不予理会→ignorant adj.不了解的；无知的→ignorance n．无知
32．explode vi.爆炸；(愤怒等感情)爆发，迸发 vt.使爆炸→explosion n．爆炸；爆发
33．generous adj.宽宏大量的，仁慈的；慷慨的→generosity n．慷慨，大方；宽宏大量
34．efficient adj.效率高的，有功效的→efficiency n．效率；效能
35．reflection n．沉思；反射；映像；反映→reflect vi.思考 vt.思考；反映；反射；显示
reflect sb/sth in sth (指镜子等)映出某人/某物的影像
reflect on/upon思考；反省
36．comfort vt.宽慰，抚慰 n．舒服；安慰→comfortable adj.舒服的→uncomfortable adj.不舒服的
·comfort sb for sth因某事/某物安慰某人
comfort sb with...以……安慰某人
·in comfort舒适地；放松地
be a comfort to/for...对……是一种安慰
to one’s comfort 使某人宽慰的是
37．joy n．高兴，愉快；令人高兴的人(或事)，乐趣→joyful adj.快乐的，高兴的；令人愉
快的
38．failure n．失败；失败的人(或事)；未履行；故障→fail vi.& vt.失败；不及格
·a failure一个失败的人，一件失败的事
·fail to do未能做……，没能做……
39．death n．死，死亡；死亡状态→dead adj.死的→die vi.死亡
40．crowd n．一伙人，一帮人；人群 vt.挤满，使拥挤 vi.聚集；挤，涌→crowded adj. 拥
挤的；充满的
·crowd in (on sb)/crowd into sth涌上(心头)；涌入(脑海)
·be crowded with...挤满了……
41．admire vt.钦佩；欣赏→admirable adj.令人钦佩的→admiration n．钦佩；欣赏
admire sb for sth 因某事而羡慕/钦佩某人
42．on the rocks(关系)陷于困境，濒临崩溃
43．social media社交媒体
44．make it能够出席；准时到达；获得成功
45．in the wrong有错，应承担责任
46．let go of放弃，摒弃；松手，放开
47．eat away at腐蚀，侵蚀，逐渐破坏
48．come between...and...损害……之间的关系，离间；妨碍
49．in person亲自，亲身
50．high point最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分
51．through thick and thin不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦
52．bring out使显现，使表现出
53．smooth out消除(问题)，克服(困难)
54．be meant to do sth 注定要做某事，应做某事
55．get over克服；恢复常态
56．Since then，a close friendship has grown between us and she’s been almost like a sister
to me.(“since＋时间点”与现在完成时连用)
从那时起，我们之间建立了一份亲密的友谊，她几乎就像我的姐妹。
57．Our original plan was to see a film at the cinema that afternoon.(动词不定式短语作表语)我们最初的计划是那天下午去电影院看电影。
58．We often find it easier to recognize other people’s weaknesses than our own.(find＋it＋
宾补＋to do...)
我们经常发现，认清别人的缺点远比认清我们自身的缺点要容易。
59．Finally，it should be pointed out that enjoying the company of a crowd is not the same as
being with friends.(it should be pointed out that...；it作形式主语)
最后，需要指出的是，与众人为伍不等于有朋友相伴。
1．sight n．视野；视力；看见
out of one’s sight脱离某人的视线
catch sight of看见；瞥见
lose sight of 看不见；忽略；忘记
come into sight 进入视野
at first sight 乍一看；初看时
at the sight of 一看见
out of sight 看不见
2.judge vt.& vi.评价，(尤指)批评；判断，认为 n．法官；裁判员→judg(e)ment n．判断
·judge...from/by...从……来判断……
as far as I can judge＝in my judgement据我判断；我认为
·judging by/from...从……来看；根据……来判断
3.apologize vi.道歉，谢罪→apology n．道歉
owe sb an apology应向某人道歉
4．case n．具体情况，事例；案件；容器
in case以防万一
in case of假如发生；万一发生
in any case 无论如何，不管怎样
in no case 决不(位于句首引起部分倒装)
in this/that case 假使这样/那样的话
as is often the case 这是常有的事
5.suffer vi.受苦，受折磨；变差 vt.遭受，蒙受→suffering n．痛苦；苦难→sufferer n．患
者；受难者
suffer from...患……病；因……受苦
6.respect vt.尊重，尊敬 n．尊敬，敬意；重视；方面→respectful adj.表示敬意的；尊重的→respectable adj.体面的；值得尊敬的
·respect sb for sth因为某事而尊敬某人
·have/show respect for sb尊重某人
give one’s respects to sb代某人向……问候/致意
in every respect在各个方面
in many respects在许多方面
in respect of＝with respect to至于，关于；就……而言
7.measure vt.估量，判定；测量 n．措施；衡量
·measure...by...用……来衡量……
·take measures to do sth采取措施做某事
make sth to sb’s measure为某人量身定做某物
注意：(1)measure用作“措施”时，常用其复数形式。
(2)measure表示“有……长(宽、高等)”时，是系动词，后跟测量的结果，不用于被动语态
及进行时态。
8.escape vi.& vt.逃脱；逃避；逃跑；避免；被遗忘；(气体、液体等)泄漏 n．逃脱；逃避；
漏出
·escape from从……逃脱；逃避……
escape doing/being done逃避(被)做某事
·a narrow escape九死一生
9.benefit n．优势，益处，成效 vt.使受益 vi.得益于→beneficial adj.有益的
·for the benefit of...为了……的利益
be of great benefit to...＝be very beneficial to...对……非常有益(to为介词)
·benefit from/by...从……中受益；得益于……
10．recognize vt.承认，意识到；认出，辨别出→recognition n．认出；认可；承认
·recognize...as/to be...把……看作……
It is recognized that...人们公认……
·beyond recognition认不出来；无法辨认
11.count on/upon (＝depend/rely on/upon)依赖，依靠，指望
count on sb to do sth 指望某人做某事
count on it that...指望……(其中it为形式宾语，that引导的从句为真正的宾语)
12.take on呈现，具有
take up拿起；占据；开始从事；接受；继续
take off 脱下；(飞机)起飞；迅速流行；休假；(事业等)腾飞，突然成功
take in 吸收；理解；收留；欺骗take over 接管；接任；占上风
take down 写下；记下；拆除
13.so...that...
I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day...
我如此生气以至于在学校里一整天都躲着她……
so/such...that...引导结果状语从句，意为“如此……以至于……”。
·so...that...句型的常见形式：
so＋adj./adv.＋that...
so＋adj.＋a/an＋n.(单数)＋that...
so＋many/much/few/little(少)＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that...
·such...that...句型的常见形式：
such＋a/an＋adj.＋n.(单数)＋that...
such＋adj.＋n.(复数或不可数)＋that...
·当so/such及所修饰的部分放在句首时，主句要用部分倒装语序。
1．一看到那只带有白色斑点的小狗，波比非常高兴地跳了起来。(读后续写之动作描写)
Poppy jumped with great joy __________________________________________________.
2．喉咙哽咽，我拍手的声音更大了，决心绝不再以貌取人。(读后续写之主旨升华)
Feeling a lump in the throat，I clapped my hands even more loudly，determined never to
____________________________________.
3．在回家的路上，露西决定一到家就为她粗鲁的行为向母亲道歉。(读后续写之心理描写)
On the way home ， Lucy made up her mind to
________________________________________________________________ her rude
behaviour as soon as she arrived home.
4．我们决不应该违背自然规律，否则我们将遭受无尽的痛苦。(应用文写作之倡议书)(倒装
结构)
____________________________________ the laws of nature，or we’ll suffer endless pain.
5．生活中总有一些起起伏伏，但是正是苦难让我们更加坚强。(读后续写之主旨升华)(强调
句型)
There are always some ups and downs in our lives，but _________________________________.
6．在我们生活的许多方面，总有值得尊敬的人。说起我最尊敬的人，我不得不提到我的数
学老师。 (2020·全国Ⅰ，征文比赛)
________________ ， there are always respectable
people.________________________________，I have to mention my maths teacher.
7．①在我看来，衡量成功与否不在于你有多少金钱，而在于你如何理解人生的真正意义。(读后续写之主旨升华)
In my opinion，__________________________________________________________ but by
how you understand the true meaning of life.
②只有我们采取强有力的措施，野生动物才能被保护下来，只有到那时，动物才会与人类和
谐相处。 (应用文写作之倡议书)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
8．最后，我们九死一生，幸运地避免了被那头饥饿的北极熊伤害。(2020·浙江7月，读后
续写)(分词短语作结果状语)
At last ，we ________________________ ，fortunately ________________________ by the
hungry polar bear.
9．毫无疑问，你们都将从这项活动中受益良多，对中国文化更感兴趣。(应用文写作之邀请
信)
There is no doubt that ____________________________________________________ and
become more interested in Chinese culture.
10．李白被公认为继屈原之后最伟大的浪漫主义诗人，他的诗歌受到世界人民的高度评价。
(2023·全国甲，短文投稿)
__________________________________________________________________________ ，
whose poems are highly thought of by people from all over the world.
11．我最尊敬我的叔叔，因为我可以指望他能给我一些关于生活和学习的实用建议。(话题
写作之人物介绍)(it作形式宾语)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
12．我写信是为了推荐汤姆，一个充满激情的人，担任学生会主席一职。(应用文写作之推
荐信)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
13．听了他的话，我太激动了，站在那里目瞪口呆，两脚像在地上扎了根一样，一动也不能
动。(2023·新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)
①On hearing his words，________________ I simply stood there dumbfounded，and my feet，
as if rooted to the ground，couldn’t move an inch.
②On hearing his words，________________ I simply stood there dumbfounded，and my feet，
as if rooted to the ground，couldn’t move an inch.(倒装句)
trick1．However，research suggests that if we practiced patience，we’d be a whole lot better
off.Here are several tricks.(2023·全国甲)________
2．Tricked out of a large quantity of money，he felt stupid.________
3．The naughty boys always played tricks on their teacher.________
1．Curtin is CEO of DC Central Kitchen in Washington，D.C.，which recovers food and turns it
into healthy meals.(2022·新课标Ⅰ)____________
2 ． Bob looked back ， only to find an old classmate whose name escaped him for the
moment.____________
3．It’s reported that the cause of the crash was given as engine failure.____________
假如你是李华，你和你的外籍好友Andrew约好了本周末去图书馆，但是你因为临时要
参加学校组织的“垃圾分类，全民行动(Trash Sorting，All Involved)”志愿活动而不能赴约。
请根据以下要点给他写一封道歉信：
1．表达歉意；2.简要介绍活动意义；3.另约时间。
完成句子
1．我真的很抱歉地通知你，这个周末我不能陪你去图书馆了。(indeed)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．我感到非常内疚，我写信来向你表达我真诚的歉意。(apology)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．我不能遵守约定的原因是我报名参加了一项以“垃圾分类，全民行动”为主题的志愿活
动。(theme)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．人们认识到垃圾分类是良好环境的基础，所以我们应该不遗余力地承担起责任。(it is
recognized that...，basis，take on)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．这个活动太有意义了，我不能错过它，我不得不违背对你的承诺。(so...that...)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6．如果你下周末有空，我一定会陪你去图书馆的。(definitely)________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
7．对于给你造成的不便我表示抱歉，希望你能接受我衷心的道歉。(apology)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇 把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
教材语料整合
[情感描写] awkward adj.局促不安的；令人尴尬的；难对付的；笨拙的
horrible adj.令人震惊的；可恶的，极坏的 at a loss不知所措，困惑 frank
adj.坦率的，直率的
joy n．高兴，愉快；令人高兴的人(或事)，乐趣→joyful adj.快乐的，高兴的
failure n．失败；失败的人(或事)
亮
[动作描写] recover vi.恢复健康；恢复常态 vt.寻回；重新获得；恢复，重新
词
控制 respond vi.& vt.回答，回应；作出反应，响应 trick vt.欺骗，欺诈
suffer vi.受苦，受折磨；变差 vt.遭受，蒙受
misunderstand vt.& vi.误解，误会 make it准时到达；获得成功 comfort vt.
宽慰；抚慰
admire vt.钦佩；欣赏
1.When I was an awkward primary school student，she was the popular girl who
was willing to make friends with me.Since then，a close friendship has grown
between us and she’s been almost like a sister to me.(背景描写)
2.Whether we’re walking to school，doing homework or just hanging out at the
weekend，we’re hardly out of each other’s sight.(动作描写)
美句
3.I was so angry that I avoided her during school all day，and I still don’t feel like
responding to any of her online messages.The stress of this situation is killing me，
and I’m at a loss what to do next.(情绪描写)
4.It’s sad to move on，but you have to accept that friends come and go in life.(主
旨升华)5.More often than not，close friendships will help smooth out the sometimes rocky
road that we are all meant to travel.(主旨升华)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：尴尬与羞愧
1.embarrass v．使尴尬→embarrassed adj.尴尬的→embarrassing adj.令人
尴尬/难堪的→embarrassment n．尴尬；难堪(的事)
单词 2.shame n．羞耻，惭愧→ashamed adj.惭愧的；羞愧的→shameful adj.可
耻的；丢脸的
3.guilt n．内疚；自责→guilty adj.内疚的
1.glow with embarrassment窘得满脸通红
2.lower one’s head with shame羞愧地低下头
3.be struck dead with shame羞愧得要死
4.hide one’s inner embarrassment隐藏内心的尴尬
词块 5.feel one’s face burning觉得脸在燃烧
6.feel the blood rushing to one’s face感觉血涌到了脸上
7.cover one’s face with embarrassment尴尬地遮住脸
8.a flush/blush of embarrassment comes to one’s cheeks脸上露出了尴尬的
表情
1.She stood beside her chair，surprised and embarrassed.她站在椅子旁
边，既惊讶又尴尬。
2.So embarrassed was she that she stood there clumsily，feeling the blood
rushing to her face.
她感到很尴尬，笨拙地站在那里，感觉血涌到了脸上。
3.A flush/blush of embarrassment came to my cheeks at the sound of my
stomach grumbling.
听到肚子咕咕叫的声音，我脸上露出了尴尬的表情。
句型 4.At that moment，the woman was so ashamed that she covered her face
with mouth open wide and face turning red instantly.在那一刻，这位妇
女感到非常羞愧，她大张着嘴捂住了脸，脸立刻变红了。
5.I was walking back and forth like an ant on a hot pan.The feeling of regret
and guilt grew stronger.
我像热锅上的蚂蚁一样来回走动。后悔和内疚的感觉越来越强烈。
6.She lowered a bit of her body and hesitated for a moment，wondering how
to hide her inner embarrassment.她俯下身来，犹豫了一会儿，想知道如
何掩饰内心的尴尬。
语料运用 人际沟通I had a fierce quarrel with friend Lucy ， and I felt the friendship between us was
①____________.②________________________(形容词短语作状语)，I went to the canteen
alone after class.After dinner，I ③____________________________________ I felt my jeans
split down in the middle of my backside.Just at that moment，all the air seemed to disappear and I
felt ④____________________________( 虚 拟 语 气 ) ．
⑤ ________________________________( 倒 装 句 ) I stood there clumsily ，
⑥________________________________(现在分词短语作状语)．Then I saw Lucy running
towards me.I thought this would be her chance to laugh at me.I lowered my head ，
⑦ ________________________________________( 独 立 主 格 ) ． But unexpectedly ， Lucy
didn’t laugh.Instead，she approached me，took off her coat swiftly and offered it to me，
signaling to me to cover my torn jeans.Struggling against my tears ， I came to
⑧__________________________________________________________________.
我和朋友露西大吵了一架，我觉得我们之间的友谊濒临崩溃。既尴尬又难过，下课后我
独自去了食堂。饭后，我正要回教室，这时觉得我的牛仔裤从臀部中间裂开了。就在那一刻，
所有的空气似乎都消失了，我觉得好像全世界都在看着我。我很尴尬，笨拙地站在那里，感
觉血液涌向我的脸。然后我看见露西向我跑来。我以为这是她嘲笑我的机会。我低下头，我
的脸因为尴尬而发烫。但出乎意料的是，露西没有笑。相反，她走近我，迅速脱下她的外套
递给我，示意我把破了的牛仔裤盖上。我强忍着眼泪，向她表示诚挚的歉意和衷心的感谢。
