文档内容
1.portrait n．肖像，半身画像；详细的描述，描绘
2．landscape n．乡村风景画；风景，景色
3．wander vi.& vt.闲逛，漫步；走失；走神；蜿蜒曲折
wander about/around四处闲逛
4．gallery n．展览馆，画廊；长廊，走廊；楼上旁听席
5．decade n．十年，十年期
6．mostly adv.主要地，一般地
7．pond n．池塘，水池
8．canvas n．画布，油画；帆布
9．neighbourhood(AmE neighborhood) n．街区，城区；邻近的地方
10．setting n．环境，背景；情节背景
11．likeminded adj.想法相同的，志趣相投的
12．dominate vt.& vi.在……中具有最重要(或明显)的特色；支配，控制；占有优势；俯视
be dominated by...由……主导/控制
13．brushwork n．(画家的)笔触，画法
14．realistic adj.逼真的，栩栩如生的；现实的，实际的；明智的
15．essence n．本质，精髓；香精，精油
16．vivid adj.鲜明的，耀眼的；生动的
17．vision n．远见卓识；视力，视野；想象
18．display vt.陈列，展出；显示，表现 n．陈列，展览；表现；展示
be on display展示中
19．calling n．职业，事业；使命感
20．shade n．阴影部分；色度；阴凉处
21．bathe vt.以(光线)洒满，覆盖，使沐浴(在光线里)；用水清洗
be bathed in...沐浴于……；被……笼罩
22．pixel n．像素23．wage vt.开始，发动 n．(通常指按周领的)工资，工钱
24．campaign n．(宣传)活动，运动；战役 vt.& vi.发起运动，参加活动
25．architecture n．建筑设计，建筑风格；建筑学
26．toast n．吐司，烤面包片；干杯，祝酒 vt.为……干杯；烤；取暖
27．garlic n．蒜，大蒜
28．mushroom n．蘑菇
29．raw adj.未经加工的，自然状态的；生的，未烹制的
30．scroll n．长卷纸，卷轴
31．insight n．洞悉，了解；洞察力，领悟
gain an insight into了解；熟悉；看透
32．crop n．庄稼，作物；收成，产量
33．wind vi.& vt.(wound，wound)蜿蜒，迂回；上发条；缠绕
34．sail vi.& vt.(乘船)航行；起航；驾驶(船只)；飘，掠 n．帆；乘船航行
35．civilian n．平民，老百姓，庶民
36．butcher n．肉贩，屠夫
37．ink n．墨水，墨汁
38．perspective n．透视法；态度，观点；客观判断力；景观，远景
from sb’s perspective在某人看来
39．precise adj.细致的，精细的；准确的，精确的；恰好的
40．enormous adj.巨大的，庞大的
41．comprehensive adj.全面的，详尽的；综合性的
42．clothing n．衣服，服装
43．temple n．庙宇，寺院
44．structure n．建筑物；结构，构造；精心组织
45．overall adj.全面的，综合的 adv.全部，总计；一般来说，大体上
46．critic n．批评家，评论家；批评者，挑剔的人
47．soldier n．军人，士兵
48．crisis n．(pl.crises)危机，危急关头；危难时刻，病危期
49．overthrow vt.(overthrew，overthrown)推翻，打倒 n．推翻，打倒
50．scale n．规模，范围；等级，级别；标度；比例
on a large scale大规模地
51．emperor n．皇帝
52．outstanding adj.优秀的，杰出的；突出的，明显的
53．rare adj.稀少的，罕见的；稀罕的，珍贵的
54．historic adj.历史上著名的；有史时期的55．career n．经历，事业；生涯，职业
56．liberation n．解放，摆脱→liberate vt.解放，使自由，摆脱
57．arrange vt.& vi.整理，布置；安排，筹备→arrangement n．布置，整理；筹备，安排
58．apparent adj.显而易见，明白易懂，显然→apparently adv.显然；看来
It is apparent that...显而易见的是……
59．ambitious adj.宏大的，艰巨的；有野心的，有雄心的→ambition n．野心，雄心；抱负
·be ambitious to do...有雄心做……
·with great ambition雄心勃勃
60．inspection n．检查，查看，审视；视察→inspect vt.检查，审视；视察
61．political adj.政治的，政府的，政权的；政党的，党派的→politics n．政治学
→politician n．政客
62．exhibition n．展览，展出→exhibit v．展览，展出 n．展览品，陈列品
63．all walks of life各行各业，社会各界
64．be down to由……引起(或造成)
65．in one’s own right凭自身的资格(或努力)
66．speak volumes about充分说明，清楚表明
67．be housed in被安置在……
68．prepare sb for使某人为……做好准备
69．lay eyes on看到……，看见……
70．pick...out of...从……中选出……
71．make/leave a(n)．..impression on sb给某人留下……的印象
72．a wide range of 大范围的；各种不同的
73．lose control of失去对……的控制
74．As I wandered through the Impressionist gallery，I appreciated masterpieces like The
Ballet Class and The Card Players.(as引导时间状语从句)
当我漫步在印象派展馆时，我欣赏着像《舞蹈课》和《玩纸牌者》这样的杰作。
75．Even though I had admired them hundreds of times on my computer screen，nothing
could have prepared me for the wonder I felt when I finally laid eyes on the real thing.(even though
引导让步状语从句)
尽管我在电脑屏幕上已经欣赏过它们数百次，但当终于亲眼见到实物时，我还是觉得猝不及
防，惊叹不已。
76．It is commonly believed that the city described in the painting is Bianjing (presentday
Kaifeng)，the capital of the Northern Song Dynasty.(过去分词短语作后置定语)
人们通常认为，画中描绘的城市是汴京(今开封)，即北宋的都城。1．strike vt.& vi.(struck，struck)突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划(火柴) n．罢工；
袭击；击，打
·be struck with/by/on被……袭击；被……打动/迷恋……
It strikes/occurs to/hits sb that...某人突然想到……
sth strikes/occurs to/hits sb某人突然想到某事
strike sb in/on＋the＋身体部位 打某人某部位
·be on strike在罢工
go on strike举行罢工
2.opposed adj.截然不同的；强烈反对的→oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量→opposition
n．反对；对立
·be opposed to (doing) sth反对(做)某事
as opposed to (表示对比)而，相对于
·oppose (doing) sth 反对(做)某事
oppose sb/sb’s doing sth 反对某人做某事
·“反对；不赞成”的表达还有：disagree with，be against，object to，hold negative attitudes
towards/to等。
3．employ vt.运用，使用；雇用→employer n．雇主→employee n．雇员→employment
n．工作；就业→unemployment n．失业(人数)；无业
employ sb to do...雇用某人做……
employ...as...雇用……当……
employ oneself in (doing) sth＝be employed in doing sth 从事于(做)某事，忙于(做)某事
4.worthy adj.值得(或应得)……的；值得尊敬的，值得注意的→worthwhile adj.值得花时
间/金钱/精力；重要的→worth adj.值……钱；(指行动)值得；值得(费周折) n．价值
·be worthy＋
·be (well) worth doing...(非常)值得做……
be worth＋n.值得……；值……钱
·It is worthwhile doing/to do sth.值得做某事。
·worth一般只作表语，可用程度副词well修饰；worthy和worthwhile既可作表语又可作定语。
5.expose v．使面临，使遭受(危险或不快)；使接触；暴露，显露；揭露，揭穿→exposed
adj.无遮蔽的；无保护的→exposure n．暴露；揭露；接触
·expose sth/sb/oneself to...使某物/某人/某人自己暴露于……
·be exposed to...暴露于……；经受……
6.decline vi.& vt.衰落，衰败；减少，下降；谢绝 n．减少，下降；衰落，衰退
·decline (to do) sth拒绝(做)某事decline by/to...下降了/到……
·be in decline/on the decline在衰退中，在走下坡路；在减少
7.go about sth忙于做某事，继续做某事
go through经历；度过；完成；通过；检查；用完；仔细查看
go over复习；仔细检查
go out出去；熄灭
go against违背；违反
go ahead前进；开始做；(用于祈使句)走吧，说吧，请吧
go without没有……而勉强应付；将就
go by (时间)流逝；过去
go after 追求；设法获得
8.every time引导时间状语从句
It is amazing that every time Monet studied this simple scene，he brought the pond’s beauty to
the canvas in a unique way.
令人赞叹的是，莫奈每次端详睡莲池这处简单的风景，都以独特的方式让它的美跃然于画布
之上。
every/each time “每次……的时候”，引导时间状语从句。引导时间状语从句的名词短语还
有：the first time，the last time，next time，any time，the moment/minute/second/instant等。
9.强调句型
Although the paintings had very different settings，it was their similarities that stayed with me
long after I left the Musée d’Orsay...
尽管这两幅画的背景截然不同，但在我离开奥赛博物馆后很长一段时间里，一直萦绕着我的
却是它们的相似之处……
·强调句型的基本结构为：It is/was＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分。另外要注意：本句
型不能用于强调谓语动词。
·一般疑问句结构为：Is/Was it＋被强调部分＋that/who＋其他部分？
·特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词＋is/was it＋that＋其他部分？
·对not...until...句型中的时间状语(从句)进行强调时的结构为：It is/was not until＋被强调部分
＋that＋其他部分。
1．①被他为我所做的事情所打动，我无法克制，感激的泪水顺着脸颊流下来。(读后续写之
心理描写)
________________________________________________________________________，
I couldn’t contain myself，tears of gratitude flowing down my cheeks.②当汤姆在街上漫无目的地闲逛时，一块石头打在了他的背上，这使他非常生气。(读后续
写之动作＋心理描写)
When Tom wandered aimlessly along the street，a stone __________________________，which
made him very annoyed.
2．从你上封信中我得知，你爸爸反对你出国，你也不同意改变你的主意。因此，我写信给
你提供一些相关的建议。(应用文写作之建议信)
From your last letter I learn that ________________________________________________ and
__________________________________.Hence，I am writing to supply you with some relevant
tips.
3．因为忙于准备展览，我没有时间陪你去书店，为此我写这封信以表达我诚挚的歉意。(应
用文写作之道歉信)
________________________________________________________________________，
I have no time to accompany you to the bookstore，for which I’m writing to express my sincere
apology.
4．我坚信我们学校图书馆里的小组学习室值得体验，因此请接受我真诚的邀请。(2022·浙
江6月，邀请信)
①I firmly believe that __________________________________________________________，
so please accept my sincere invitation.(worthwhile)
②I firmly believe that __________________________________________________________，
so please accept my sincere invitation.(worth)
③I firmly believe that ________________________________________________________，so
please accept my sincere invitation.(worthy)
5．首先，做志愿者工作可以让你密切地接触到各行各业，这可以让你深入了解社区。 (应
用文写作之告知信)
Firstly ， __________________________________________________________________ ，
which enables you to gain a deep insight into the community.
6．正如我们从图表中可以看到的那样，在过去的几年里，喜欢阅读的人数一直在下降。(图
表作文)
As we can see from the chart，the number of people who like reading ______________________.
7．我们绝不应该违背自然规律，否则我们将遭受无尽的痛苦。(应用文写作之倡议书)
In no case ____________________________________________，or we’ll suffer endless pain.
8．每次想到那件亮红色的夹克，他都会觉得自己并不孤单，也会觉得总是有人愿意帮忙。
(读后续写之主旨升华)
________________________________________________________________________，
he will feel he is not alone and that there’s always someone out there who is willing to help.
9．直到我经历了这件事，我才意识到一个小小的关心行为可以融化人们的孤独。(读后续写
之主旨升华)(强调句型)____________________________________ I realized a small act of care can melt people’s
loneliness.
1．strike
(1)The workers are coming out on strike for higher wages ， which is a shock to the
government.________
(2)I heard the clock striking eight when I woke up this morning.________
(3)He was struck by the artists’ total absorption in their work.________
(4)It struck me that I would have an important meeting in Shanghai the next day.________
(5)When a disaster strikes，you might find yourself without water，gas and electricity.________
(6)It gave me a shock that an apple fell off the tree and struck me on the head.________
2．wind
(1)You must wind this clock once a day.________
(2)I looked up and noticed a snake winding its way up the tree to catch its breakfast.________
(3)One day，we will have to rely on alternative energy，such as solar and wind energy for daily
life and to power machines.________
(4)Wind a bandage firmly around the wounded leg and you can stop the bleeding.________
1．Yet，the only one who cares about any mistake is the one who is speaking.People’s attention
wanders constantly.In fact，most people only absorb about 20 percent of a speaker’s message.
(2020·新课标Ⅰ) ____________
2．Cobb，for her part，started to ask conference organizers who invited her to speak whether she
could do so remotely；about threequarters of the time，they agreed.When the answer was no，she
declined the invitation.(2022·浙江1月)____________
假定你是李华，得知市美术馆正在举办一场以“中国书画”为主题的展览，你的好友
Paul写信向你咨询相关信息，请你给Paul写一封邮件，内容包括：
1.活动目的；2.活动的内容。完成句子
1．我非常高兴地告诉你，我市的美术馆正在举办一场以“中国书画”为主题的展览。
(exhibition，过去分词短语作定语)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
2．这次展览旨在传播中国文化的精髓，吸引了来自各行各业的人们。(essence，all walks of
life，现在分词短语作状语 )
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
3．这次展览为全球各地的游客提供了一个欣赏美丽作品以及深入了解中国传统文化的机会。
(insight)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
4．有关中国壮丽的山水风貌和优秀的文化遗产的书画作品在这里展出，这让我们能够领略
中国之美。(landscape，display，非限制性定语从句)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
5．显然，这次展览不仅让我们沉浸在栩栩如生的绘画之中，还有助于传播中国文化。
(apparent，realistic，bathe，it作形式主语，部分倒装)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
6．这是一个如此优秀的展览，确实值得一看。(worthy，强调句型)
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
组句成篇 把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80词左右的短文。
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________
教材语料整合
[场景描写] gallery n．展览馆，画廊；长廊，走廊；楼上旁听席 calling
n．职业，事业；使命感
亮词
crisis n．(pl.crises)危机，危急关头；危难时刻，病危期 exhibition n．展
览，展出[动作描写] wander vi.& vt.闲逛，漫步；走失；走神；蜿蜒曲折 strike
vt.& vi.突然想到；撞，碰；打；突击；罢工；划(火柴) employ vt.运用，使
用；雇用 display vt.陈列，展出；显示，表现
1.As I wandered through the Impressionist gallery，I appreciated masterpieces like
The Ballet Class and The Card Players.(动作描写)
2.When I saw it up close，I was struck by the small areas of light across the
painting，and the way the soft edges of the figures seemed to mix together.(心理描
写)
美句
3.The first section presents a peaceful scene of rural life near Bianjing，featuring
crop fields，a river winding through the landscape，and farmers hard at work.(场
景描写)
4.With the Qingming Scroll，Zhang made an outstanding contribution to Chinese
art and greatly influenced generations of future artists.(人物描写)
拓展语料积累 情感细节描写：生气与愤怒
1.rage n．愤怒；暴怒 v．发怒，怒斥
2.anger v．激怒 n．愤怒，怒气→angry adj.生气的，愤怒的→angrily adv.愤怒
地，生气地
单词 3.annoy v．使生气；惹恼→annoyed adj.恼怒的，气恼的→annoying adj.令人生
气的→annoyance n．生气，烦恼；令人烦恼的事物
4.mad adj.很生气，气愤→madly adv.发疯似地；疯狂地
5.stamp v．跺脚 6.roar v．& n．咆哮；吼叫 7.glare v．& n．怒视
1.glare at/stare hard at sb怒视某人
2.flush with anger/flush angrily气得涨红脸
3.fly into a rage勃然大怒
4.explode/boil with anger/rage勃然大怒，怒火中烧
5.tremble with anger气得发抖
词块 6.go/turn red with anger气得满脸通红
7.be seized/overcome by anger充满愤怒
8.one’s face darkens脸沉了下来
9.give sb a look of burning anger非常愤怒地看了某人一眼
10.fuel one’s anger激起某人的愤怒
11.run out of the room in a burst of anger气冲冲地跑出房间
1.She stood up，wrapping her coat around herself angrily，stormed out of the
句型 room，and slammed the door angrily behind her.
她站起来，生气地把外套裹在自己身上，气呼呼地冲出房间，愤然摔门而去。(现在分词短语作状语)
2.Jan could hardly contain her rage/anger，slamming her fist on the desk in
anger.
简几乎无法抑制她的愤怒，愤怒地用拳头猛捶桌子。(现在分词短语作状语)
3.Filled with anger/rage，Polly pushed back her chair and stood up from the table.
波莉怒火中烧，一把推开椅子，从桌子旁边站了起来。(过去分词短语作状语)
4.Boiling with anger/rage，Tom shook his fist at me，and roared，“How dare
you！”
汤姆怒火中烧，对我挥舞着拳头吼道：“你怎么敢！”(现在分词短语作状语)
5.He was tonguetied with anger，unable to utter a single word，his hands
trembling.
他气得张口结舌，一句话也说不出来，双手直颤抖。(形容词短语作状语，独立
主格)
语料运用 绘画
Jenny finished her painting with great satisfaction.She went to the kitchen to show it to her
mother，①____________________________________(形容词短语作状语)．So occupied in her
housework ， mother didn’t even look up at her.She picked up her painting ，
②________________________________________________________________(现在分词短语
作状语)．She went to her father’s room with the painting，but he just smiled，“It’s nice，”
without looking at the painting.The reply of her father again ③______________________.Boiling
with rage，she ④____________________________________.Anger poured through her and
⑤__________________________( 无 灵 主 语 句 ) ． She
⑥_______________________________ ， threw the painting on the table ， and
⑦______________________________________，throwing herself on her bed.“Why are you so
busy ？ Why don’t you care about me ？ ” She
⑧__________________________________________________ ， tears streaming down her
cheeks.
珍妮非常满意地完成了她的画。她去厨房把它展示给母亲看，渴望得到母亲的赞扬。母
亲太忙着做家务了，甚至没有抬头看她。她拿起她的画，怒气冲冲地跑出厨房。她拿着这幅
画去了她父亲的房间，但他只是笑了笑说“很好”，却没有看这幅画。她父亲的回答再次激
起了珍妮的愤怒。珍妮怒火中烧，她跺着脚，气愤地冲出了房间。愤怒袭来，她气得涨红了
脸。她几乎无法抑制自己的愤怒，把画扔在桌子上，砰的一声关上门，一头倒在床上。“为
什么你们都这么忙？为什么你们不关心我？”她愤怒地咆哮着，眼泪流了下来。
